“तिस्सो इमा, भिक्खवे, पटिपदा। कतमा तिस्सो? आगाळ्हा पटिपदा, निज्झामा पटिपदा, मज्झिमा पटिपदा।
| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Aṅguttara Nikāya, English translation |
अङ्गुत्तर निकाय ३
Aṅguttara Nikāya 3
Numbered Discourses 3
१६। अचेलकवग्ग
16. Acelakavagga
The Chapter on Practices
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Untitled Discourses on Three Practices
“Tisso imā, bhikkhave, paṭipadā. Katamā tisso? Āgāḷhā paṭipadā, nijjhāmā paṭipadā, majjhimā paṭipadā.
“Bhikkhus, there are three practices. What three? The addicted practice, the scorching practice, and the middle practice.
कतमा च, भिक्खवे, आगाळ्हा पटिपदा? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो एवंवादी होति एवंदिट्ठि: ‘नत्थि कामेसु दोसोऽति। सो कामेसु पातब्यतं आपज्जति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, आगाळ्हा पटिपदा।
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, āgāḷhā paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco evaṁvādī hoti evaṁdiṭṭhi: ‘natthi kāmesu doso’ti. So kāmesu pātabyataṁ āpajjati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, āgāḷhā paṭipadā.
And what’s the addicted practice? It’s when someone has this doctrine and view: ‘There’s nothing wrong with sensual pleasures’; so they throw themselves into sensual pleasures. This is called the addicted practice.
कतमा च, भिक्खवे, निज्झामा पटिपदा? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो अचेलको होति मुत्ताचारो, हत्थापलेखनो, नएहिभदन्तिको, नतिट्ठभदन्तिको, नाभिहटं न उद्दिस्सकतं न निमन्तनं सादियति। सो न कुम्भिमुखा पटिग्गण्हाति, न कळोपिमुखा पटिग्गण्हाति न एळकमन्तरं न दण्डमन्तरं न मुसलमन्तरं न द्विन्नं भुञ्जमानानं न गब्भिनिया न पायमानाय न पुरिसन्तरगताय न सङ्कित्तीसु न यत्थ सा उपट्ठितो होति न यत्थ मक्खिका सण्डसण्डचारिनी न मच्छं न मंसं न सुरं न मेरयं, न थुसोदकं पिवति। सो एकागारिको वा होति एकालोपिको, द्वागारिको वा होति द्वालोपिको … सत्तागारिको वा होति सत्तालोपिको; एकिस्सापि दत्तिया यापेति, द्वीहिपि दत्तीहि यापेति … सत्तहिपि दत्तीहि यापेति; एकाहिकम्पि आहारं आहारेति, द्वाहिकम्पि आहारं आहारेति … सत्ताहिकम्पि आहारं आहारेति—इति एवरूपं अद्धमासिकम्पि परियायभत्तभोजनानुयोगमनुयुत्तो विहरति।
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, nijjhāmā paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco acelako hoti muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano, naehibhadantiko, natiṭṭhabhadantiko, nābhihaṭaṁ na uddissakataṁ na nimantanaṁ sādiyati. So na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na kaḷopimukhā1 paṭiggaṇhāti na eḷakamantaraṁ na daṇḍamantaraṁ na musalamantaraṁ na dvinnaṁ bhuñjamānānaṁ na gabbhiniyā na pāyamānāya na purisantaragatāya na saṅkittīsu na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti na yattha makkhikā saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī na macchaṁ na maṁsaṁ na suraṁ na merayaṁ, na thusodakaṁ pivati. So ekāgāriko vā hoti ekālopiko, dvāgāriko vā hoti dvālopiko … sattāgāriko vā hoti sattālopiko; ekissāpi dattiyā yāpeti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpeti … sattahipi dattīhi yāpeti; ekāhikampi āhāraṁ āhāreti, dvāhikampi āhāraṁ āhāreti … sattāhikampi āhāraṁ āhāreti—iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.
And what’s the scorching practice? It’s when someone goes naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when called. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared on purpose for them, or an invitation for a meal. They don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or who has a man in her home; or where there’s a dog waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or liquor or wine, and drink no beer. They go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls. They feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day. They eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live pursuing the practice of eating food at set intervals.
सो साकभक्खोपि होति, सामाकभक्खोपि होति, नीवारभक्खोपि होति, दद्दुलभक्खोपि होति, हटभक्खोपि होति, कणभक्खोपि होति, आचामभक्खोपि होति, पिञ्ञाकभक्खोपि होति, तिणभक्खोपि होति, गोमयभक्खोपि होति, वनमूलफलाहारो यापेति पवत्तफलभोजी।
So sākabhakkhopi hoti, sāmākabhakkhopi hoti, nīvārabhakkhopi hoti, daddulabhakkhopi hoti, haṭabhakkhopi hoti, kaṇabhakkhopi hoti, ācāmabhakkhopi hoti, piññākabhakkhopi hoti, tiṇabhakkhopi hoti, gomayabhakkhopi hoti, vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī.
They eat herbs, millet, wild rice, poor rice, water lettuce, rice bran, scum from boiling rice, sesame flour, grass, or cow dung. They survive on forest roots and fruits, or eating fallen fruit.
सो साणानिपि धारेति, मसाणानिपि धारेति, छवदुस्सानिपि धारेति, पंसुकूलानिपि धारेति, तिरीटानिपि धारेति, अजिनम्पि धारेति, अजिनक्खिपम्पि धारेति, कुसचीरम्पि धारेति, वाकचीरम्पि धारेति, फलकचीरम्पि धारेति, केसकम्बलम्पि धारेति, वाळकम्बलम्पि धारेति, उलूकपक्खिकम्पि धारेति, केसमस्सुलोचकोपि होति केसमस्सुलोचनानुयोगमनुयुत्तो, उब्भट्ठकोपि होति आसनपटिक्खित्तो, उक्कुटिकोपि होति उक्कुटिकप्पधानमनुयुत्तो, कण्टकापस्सयिकोपि होति कण्टकापस्सये सेय्यं कप्पेति, सायततियकम्पि उदकोरोहनानुयोगमनुयुत्तो विहरति—इति एवरूपं अनेकविहितं कायस्स आतापनपरितापनानुयोगमनुयुत्तो विहरति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, निज्झामा पटिपदा।
So sāṇānipi dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti, chavadussānipi dhāreti, paṁsukūlānipi dhāreti, tirīṭānipi dhāreti, ajinampi dhāreti, ajinakkhipampi dhāreti, kusacīrampi dhāreti, vākacīrampi dhāreti, phalakacīrampi dhāreti, kesakambalampi dhāreti, vāḷakambalampi dhāreti, ulūkapakkhikampi dhāreti, kesamassulocakopi hoti kesamassulocanānuyogamanuyutto, ubbhaṭṭhakopi hoti āsanapaṭikkhitto, ukkuṭikopi hoti ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto, kaṇṭakāpassayikopi hoti kaṇṭakāpassaye seyyaṁ kappeti, sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati—iti evarūpaṁ anekavihitaṁ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, nijjhāmā paṭipadā.
They wear robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings. They tear out their hair and beard, committed to this practice. They constantly stand, refusing seats. They squat, committed to persisting in the squatting position. They lie on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns their bed. They pursue the practice of immersion in water three times a day, including the evening. And so they live pursuing these various ways of mortifying and tormenting the body. This is called the scorching practice.
कतमा च, भिक्खवे, मज्झिमा पटिपदा? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु काये कायानुपस्सी विहरति आतापी सम्पजानो सतिमा विनेय्य लोके अभिज्झादोमनस्सं; वेदनासु …पे… चित्ते …पे… धम्मेसु धम्मानुपस्सी विहरति आतापी सम्पजानो सतिमा विनेय्य लोके अभिज्झादोमनस्सं। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, मज्झिमा पटिपदा।
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ; vedanāsu …pe… citte …pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā.
And what’s the middle practice? It’s when a bhikkhu meditates by observing an aspect of the body—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world. They meditate observing an aspect of feelings … They meditate observing an aspect of the mind … They meditate observing an aspect of principles—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world. This is called the middle practice.
इमा खो, भिक्खवे, तिस्सो पटिपदाति।
Imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso paṭipadāti.
These are the three practices.
तिस्सो इमा, भिक्खवे, पटिपदा। कतमा तिस्सो? आगाळ्हा पटिपदा, निज्झामा पटिपदा, मज्झिमा पटिपदा।
Tisso imā, bhikkhave, paṭipadā. Katamā tisso? Āgāḷhā paṭipadā, nijjhāmā paṭipadā, majjhimā paṭipadā.
Bhikkhus, there are three practices. What three? The addicted practice, the scorching practice, the middle practice.
कतमा च, भिक्खवे, आगाळ्हा पटिपदा …पे… अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, आगाळ्हा पटिपदा।
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, āgāḷhā paṭipadā …pe… ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, āgāḷhā paṭipadā.
And what’s the addicted practice? … This is called the addicted practice.
कतमा च, भिक्खवे, निज्झामा पटिपदा …पे… अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, निज्झामा पटिपदा।
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, nijjhāmā paṭipadā …pe… ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, nijjhāmā paṭipadā.
And what is the scorching practice? … This is called the scorching practice.
कतमा च, भिक्खवे, मज्झिमा पटिपदा? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु अनुप्पन्नानं पापकानं अकुसलानं धम्मानं अनुप्पादाय छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति; उप्पन्नानं पापकानं अकुसलानं धम्मानं पहानाय छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति; अनुप्पन्नानं कुसलानं धम्मानं उप्पादाय छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति; उप्पन्नानं कुसलानं धम्मानं ठितिया असम्मोसाय भिय्योभावाय वेपुल्लाय भावनाय पारिपूरिया छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति …।
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ uppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati ….
And what’s the middle practice? It’s when a bhikkhu generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are completed by development. …
छन्दसमाधिपधानसङ्खारसमन्नागतं इद्धिपादं भावेति वीरियसमाधि …पे… चित्तसमाधि …पे… वीमंसासमाधिपधानसङ्खारसमन्नागतं इद्धिपादं भावेति …पे…।
Chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti vīriyasamādhi …pe… cittasamādhi …pe… vīmaṁsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti …pe….
They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to enthusiasm, and active effort. They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy, and active effort. They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to mental development, and active effort. They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to inquiry, and active effort. …
सद्धिन्द्रियं भावेति … वीरियिन्द्रियं भावेति … सतिन्द्रियं भावेति … समाधिन्द्रियं भावेति … पञ्ञिन्द्रियं भावेति …पे…।
Saddhindriyaṁ bhāveti … vīriyindriyaṁ bhāveti … satindriyaṁ bhāveti … samādhindriyaṁ bhāveti … paññindriyaṁ bhāveti …pe….
They develop the faculty of faith … energy … mindfulness … immersion … wisdom …
सद्धाबलं भावेति … वीरियबलं भावेति … सतिबलं भावेति … समाधिबलं भावेति … पञ्ञाबलं भावेति …पे…।
Saddhābalaṁ bhāveti … vīriyabalaṁ bhāveti … satibalaṁ bhāveti … samādhibalaṁ bhāveti … paññābalaṁ bhāveti …pe….
They develop the power of faith … energy … mindfulness … immersion … wisdom …
सतिसम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति … धम्मविचयसम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति … वीरियसम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति … पीतिसम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति … पस्सद्धिसम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति … समाधिसम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति … उपेक्खासम्बोज्झङ्गं भावेति …पे…।
Satisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … pītisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … samādhisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti …pe….
They develop the awakening factor of mindfulness … investigation of principles … energy … rapture … tranquility … immersion … equanimity …
सम्मादिट्ठिं भावेति … सम्मासङ्कप्पं भावेति … सम्मावाचं भावेति … सम्माकम्मन्तं भावेति … सम्माआजीवं भावेति … सम्मावायामं भावेति … सम्मासतिं भावेति … सम्मासमाधिं भावेति …। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, मज्झिमा पटिपदा। इमा खो, भिक्खवे, तिस्सो पटिपदा”ति।
Sammādiṭṭhiṁ bhāveti … sammāsaṅkappaṁ bhāveti … sammāvācaṁ bhāveti … sammākammantaṁ bhāveti … sammāājīvaṁ bhāveti … sammāvāyāmaṁ bhāveti … sammāsatiṁ bhāveti … sammāsamādhiṁ bhāveti …. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā. Imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso paṭipadā”ti.
They develop right view … right thought … right speech … right action … right livelihood … right effort … right mindfulness … right immersion … This is called the middle practice. These are the three practices.”
अचेलकवग्गो छट्ठो।
Acelakavaggo chaṭṭho.
तस्सुद्दानं
Tassuddānaṁ
सतिपट्ठानं सम्मप्पधानं, इद्धिपादिन्द्रियेन च; बलं बोज्झङ्गो मग्गो च, पटिपदाय योजयेति।
Satipaṭṭhānaṁ sammappadhānaṁ, Iddhipādindriyena ca; Balaṁ bojjhaṅgo maggo ca, Paṭipadāya yojayeti.
The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
1. kaḷopimukhā → khaḷopimukhā (bj)
