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अङ्गुत्तर निकाय ५।४८
Aṅguttara Nikāya 5.48
Numbered Discourses 5.48
५। मुण्डराजवग्ग
5. Muṇḍarājavagga
5. With King Muṇḍa
अलब्भनीयठानसुत्त
Alabbhanīyaṭhānasutta
Things That Cannot Be Had
“पञ्चिमानि, भिक्खवे, अलब्भनीयानि ठानानि समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं। कतमानि पञ्च? ‘जराधम्मं मा जीरीऽति अलब्भनीयं ठानं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं। ‘ब्याधिधम्मं मा ब्याधीयीऽति …पे… ‘मरणधम्मं मा मीयीऽति … ‘खयधम्मं मा खीयीऽति … ‘नस्सनधम्मं मा नस्सीऽति अलब्भनीयं ठानं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं।
“Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, alabbhanīyāni ṭhānāni samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ. Katamāni pañca? ‘Jarādhammaṁ mā jīrī’ti alabbhanīyaṁ ṭhānaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ. ‘Byādhidhammaṁ mā byādhīyī’ti …pe… ‘maraṇadhammaṁ mā mīyī’ti … ‘khayadhammaṁ mā khīyī’ti … ‘nassanadhammaṁ mā nassī’ti alabbhanīyaṁ ṭhānaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ.
“Bhikkhus, there are five things that cannot be had by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world. What five? That someone liable to old age should not grow old. That someone liable to sickness should not get sick. … That someone liable to death should not die. … That someone liable to ending should not end. … That someone liable to perishing should not perish. …
अस्सुतवतो, भिक्खवे, पुथुज्जनस्स जराधम्मं जीरति। सो जराधम्मे जिण्णे न इति पटिसञ्चिक्खति: ‘न खो मय्हेवेकस्स जराधम्मं जीरति, अथ खो यावता सत्तानं आगति गति चुति उपपत्ति सब्बेसं सत्तानं जराधम्मं जीरति। अहञ्चेव खो पन जराधम्मे जिण्णे सोचेय्यं किलमेय्यं परिदेवेय्यं, उरत्ताळिं कन्देय्यं, सम्मोहं आपज्जेय्यं, भत्तम्पि मे नच्छादेय्य, कायेपि दुब्बण्णियं ओक्कमेय्य, कम्मन्तापि नप्पवत्तेय्युं, अमित्तापि अत्तमना अस्सु, मित्तापि दुम्मना अस्सूऽति। सो जराधम्मे जिण्णे सोचति किलमति परिदेवति, उरत्ताळिं कन्दति, सम्मोहं आपज्जति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे: ‘अस्सुतवा पुथुज्जनो विद्धो सविसेन सोकसल्लेन अत्तानंयेव परितापेतिऽ।
Assutavato, bhikkhave, puthujjanassa jarādhammaṁ jīrati. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe na iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘na kho mayhevekassa1 jarādhammaṁ jīrati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṁ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṁ sattānaṁ jarādhammaṁ jīrati. Ahañceva2 kho pana jarādhamme jiṇṇe soceyyaṁ kilameyyaṁ parideveyyaṁ, urattāḷiṁ kandeyyaṁ, sammohaṁ āpajjeyyaṁ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṁ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṁ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṁ kandati, sammohaṁ āpajjati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave: ‘assutavā puthujjano viddho savisena sokasallena attānaṁyeva paritāpeti’.
An unlearned ordinary person has someone liable to old age who grows old. But they don’t reflect on old age: ‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to old age who grows old. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to old age who grows old. If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to old age grows old, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’ And so, when someone liable to old age grows old, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. This is called an unlearned ordinary person struck by sorrow’s poisoned arrow, who only mortifies themselves.
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, अस्सुतवतो पुथुज्जनस्स ब्याधिधम्मं ब्याधीयति …पे… मरणधम्मं मीयति … खयधम्मं खीयति … नस्सनधम्मं नस्सति। सो नस्सनधम्मे नट्ठे न इति पटिसञ्चिक्खति: ‘न खो मय्हेवेकस्स नस्सनधम्मं नस्सति, अथ खो यावता सत्तानं आगति गति चुति उपपत्ति सब्बेसं सत्तानं नस्सनधम्मं नस्सति। अहञ्चेव खो पन नस्सनधम्मे नट्ठे सोचेय्यं किलमेय्यं परिदेवेय्यं, उरत्ताळिं कन्देय्यं, सम्मोहं आपज्जेय्यं, भत्तम्पि मे नच्छादेय्य, कायेपि दुब्बण्णियं ओक्कमेय्य, कम्मन्तापि नप्पवत्तेय्युं, अमित्तापि अत्तमना अस्सु, मित्तापि दुम्मना अस्सूऽति। सो नस्सनधम्मे नट्ठे सोचति किलमति परिदेवति, उरत्ताळिं कन्दति, सम्मोहं आपज्जति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे: ‘अस्सुतवा पुथुज्जनो विद्धो सविसेन सोकसल्लेन अत्तानंयेव परितापेतिऽ।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, assutavato puthujjanassa byādhidhammaṁ byādhīyati …pe… maraṇadhammaṁ mīyati … khayadhammaṁ khīyati … nassanadhammaṁ nassati. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe na iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘na kho mayhevekassa nassanadhammaṁ nassati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṁ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṁ sattānaṁ nassanadhammaṁ nassati. Ahañceva kho pana nassanadhamme naṭṭhe soceyyaṁ kilameyyaṁ parideveyyaṁ, urattāḷiṁ kandeyyaṁ, sammohaṁ āpajjeyyaṁ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṁ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṁ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṁ kandati, sammohaṁ āpajjati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave: ‘assutavā puthujjano viddho savisena sokasallena attānaṁyeva paritāpeti’.
Furthermore, an unlearned ordinary person has someone liable to sickness … death … ending … perishing. But they don’t reflect on perishing: ‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to perishing who perishes. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to perishing who perishes. If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to perishing perishes, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’ And so, when someone liable to perishing perishes, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. This is called an unlearned ordinary person struck by sorrow’s poisoned arrow, who only mortifies themselves.
सुतवतो च खो, भिक्खवे, अरियसावकस्स जराधम्मं जीरति। सो जराधम्मे जिण्णे इति पटिसञ्चिक्खति: ‘न खो मय्हेवेकस्स जराधम्मं जीरति, अथ खो यावता सत्तानं आगति गति चुति उपपत्ति सब्बेसं सत्तानं जराधम्मं जीरति। अहञ्चेव खो पन जराधम्मे जिण्णे सोचेय्यं किलमेय्यं परिदेवेय्यं, उरत्ताळिं कन्देय्यं, सम्मोहं आपज्जेय्यं, भत्तम्पि मे नच्छादेय्य, कायेपि दुब्बण्णियं ओक्कमेय्य, कम्मन्तापि नप्पवत्तेय्युं, अमित्तापि अत्तमना अस्सु, मित्तापि दुम्मना अस्सूऽति। सो जराधम्मे जिण्णे न सोचति न किलमति न परिदेवति, न उरत्ताळिं कन्दति, न सम्मोहं आपज्जति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे: ‘सुतवा अरियसावको अब्बुहि सविसं सोकसल्लं, येन विद्धो अस्सुतवा पुथुज्जनो अत्तानंयेव परितापेति। असोको विसल्लो अरियसावको अत्तानंयेव परिनिब्बापेतिऽ।
Sutavato ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa jarādhammaṁ jīrati. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘na kho mayhevekassa jarādhammaṁ jīrati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṁ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṁ sattānaṁ jarādhammaṁ jīrati. Ahañceva kho pana jarādhamme jiṇṇe soceyyaṁ kilameyyaṁ parideveyyaṁ, urattāḷiṁ kandeyyaṁ, sammohaṁ āpajjeyyaṁ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṁ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṁ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṁ kandati, na sammohaṁ āpajjati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave: ‘sutavā ariyasāvako abbuhi3 savisaṁ sokasallaṁ, yena viddho assutavā puthujjano attānaṁyeva paritāpeti. Asoko visallo ariyasāvako attānaṁyeva parinibbāpeti’.
A learned noble disciple has someone liable to old age who grows old. So they reflect on old age: ‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to old age who grows old. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to old age who grows old. If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to old age grows old, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’ And so, when someone liable to old age grows old, they don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. This is called a learned noble disciple who has drawn out sorrow’s poisoned arrow, struck by which unlearned ordinary people only mortify themselves. Sorrowless, free of thorns, that noble disciple only extinguishes themselves.
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, सुतवतो अरियसावकस्स ब्याधिधम्मं ब्याधीयति …पे… मरणधम्मं मीयति … खयधम्मं खीयति … नस्सनधम्मं नस्सति। सो नस्सनधम्मे नट्ठे इति पटिसञ्चिक्खति: ‘न खो मय्हेवेकस्स नस्सनधम्मं नस्सति, अथ खो यावता सत्तानं आगति गति चुति उपपत्ति सब्बेसं सत्तानं नस्सनधम्मं नस्सति। अहञ्चेव खो पन नस्सनधम्मे नट्ठे सोचेय्यं किलमेय्यं परिदेवेय्यं, उरत्ताळिं कन्देय्यं, सम्मोहं आपज्जेय्यं, भत्तम्पि मे नच्छादेय्य, कायेपि दुब्बण्णियं ओक्कमेय्य, कम्मन्तापि नप्पवत्तेय्युं, अमित्तापि अत्तमना अस्सु, मित्तापि दुम्मना अस्सूऽति। सो नस्सनधम्मे नट्ठे न सोचति न किलमति न परिदेवति, न उरत्ताळिं कन्दति, न सम्मोहं आपज्जति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे: ‘सुतवा अरियसावको अब्बुहि सविसं सोकसल्लं, येन विद्धो अस्सुतवा पुथुज्जनो अत्तानंयेव परितापेति। असोको विसल्लो अरियसावको अत्तानंयेव परिनिब्बापेतीऽति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa byādhidhammaṁ byādhīyati …pe… maraṇadhammaṁ mīyati … khayadhammaṁ khīyati … nassanadhammaṁ nassati. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘na kho mayhevekassa nassanadhammaṁ nassati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṁ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṁ sattānaṁ nassanadhammaṁ nassati. Ahañceva kho pana nassanadhamme naṭṭhe soceyyaṁ kilameyyaṁ parideveyyaṁ, urattāḷiṁ kandeyyaṁ, sammohaṁ āpajjeyyaṁ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṁ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṁ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṁ kandati, na sammohaṁ āpajjati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave: ‘sutavā ariyasāvako abbuhi savisaṁ sokasallaṁ, yena viddho assutavā puthujjano attānaṁyeva paritāpeti. Asoko visallo ariyasāvako attānaṁyeva parinibbāpetī’ti.
Furthermore, a learned noble disciple has someone liable to sickness … death … ending … perishing. So they reflect on perishing: ‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to perishing who perishes. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to perishing who perishes. If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to perishing perishes, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’ And so, when someone liable to perishing perishes, they don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. This is called a learned noble disciple who has drawn out sorrow’s poisoned arrow, struck by which unlearned ordinary people only mortify themselves. Sorrowless, free of thorns, that noble disciple only extinguishes themselves.
इमानि खो, भिक्खवे, पञ्च अलब्भनीयानि ठानानि समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिन्ति।
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca alabbhanīyāni ṭhānāni samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasminti.
These are the five things that cannot be had by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world.
न सोचनाय परिदेवनाय, अत्थोध लब्भा अपि अप्पकोपि; सोचन्तमेनं दुखितं विदित्वा, पच्चत्थिका अत्तमना भवन्ति।
Na socanāya paridevanāya, Atthodha labbhā api appakopi; Socantamenaṁ dukhitaṁ viditvā, Paccatthikā attamanā bhavanti.
Sorrowing and lamenting doesn’t do even a little bit of good. When they know that you’re sad, your enemies are encouraged.
यतो च खो पण्डितो आपदासु, न वेधती अत्थविनिच्छयञ्ञू; पच्चत्थिकास्स दुखिता भवन्ति, दिस्वा मुखं अविकारं पुराणं।
Yato ca kho paṇḍito āpadāsu, Na vedhatī atthavinicchayaññū; Paccatthikāssa dukhitā bhavanti, Disvā mukhaṁ avikāraṁ purāṇaṁ.
When an astute person doesn’t waver
जप्पेन मन्तेन सुभासितेन, अनुप्पदानेन पवेणिया वा; यथा यथा यत्थ लभेथ अत्थं, तथा तथा तत्थ परक्कमेय्य।
Jappena mantena subhāsitena, Anuppadānena paveṇiyā vā; Yathā yathā yattha4 labhetha atthaṁ, Tathā tathā tattha parakkameyya.
Chants, recitations, fine sayings, charity or traditions: if by means of any such things you benefit, then by all means keep doing them.
सचे पजानेय्य अलब्भनेय्यो, मयाव अञ्ञेन वा एस अत्थो; असोचमानो अधिवासयेय्य, कम्मं दळ्हं किन्ति करोमि दानी”ति।
Sace pajāneyya alabbhaneyyo, Mayāva5 aññena vā esa attho; Asocamāno adhivāsayeyya, Kammaṁ daḷhaṁ kinti karomi dānī”ti.
But if you understand that ‘this good thing can’t be had by me or by anyone else’, you should accept it without sorrowing, thinking: ‘The karma is strong. What can I do now?’”
अट्ठमं।
Aṭṭhamaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
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