Health / Medical Topics

    Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Pathway

    Cardiovascular diseases are predicted to be the most common cause of death worldwide by 2020. The major regulator of blood pressure homeostasis is the renin-angiotensin system. Angiotensinogen is digested by renin to produce angiotensin I (AGT I). AGT I is an inactive 10 amino-acid peptide that is further degraded to produce angiotensin II by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is the master regulator of blood pressure increase acting on the heart, kidneys and blood vessels. Angiotensin II causes direct constriction of the resistance vessels and stimulation of the adrenal thereby increasing blood volume and sodium absorption. In 2000, Tipnis et al. discovered ACE 2 a second carboxypeptidase that digests angiotensin. ACE is a di-peptidase, cleaving off 2 peptides from the c-terminal end of angiotensin. ACE 2 only cleaves 1 amino acid to produce angiotensin 1-9 (AGT 1-9) which has no identified function at this time. AGT 1-9 is not converted to angiotensin II but further degraded by ACE to AGT 1-7, a vasodilator. It would appear that ACE 2 inhibits the formation of angiotensin and reduces blood pressure increases. Crackower et al determined that ace2 -/- mice suffered significant heart defects at 6 months. Further deletion of ACE resulted in restored cardiac functions. (NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)




    YOU MAY ALSO LIKE

    Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (805 aa, ~92 kDa) is encoded by the human ACE2 gene. This protein plays a role in both vasodilation…
    Angiotensin-converting enzyme (1306 aa, ~150 kDa) is encoded by the human ACE gene. This protein plays a role in the hydrolysis of…
    Angiotensin-2 (8 aa, ~1 kDa) is encoded by the human AGT gene. This protein is involved in vasoconstriction, heart rate and renal…
    Angiotensin receptor 2 (363 aa, 41 kD) is a cell fate protein that is encoded by the human AGTR2 gene and has…
    Ang II binding to AT1-R triggers the activation of Ca2+ signaling and PKC. The signal is then transmitted to Pyk2 and to…
    A process that involves the non-covalent binding of angiotensin II to an angiotensin receptor family protein. These interactions are involved in signaling…

    © 1991-2023 The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin | Titi Tudorancea® is a Registered Trademark | Terms of use and privacy policy
    Contact