| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Aṅguttara Nikāya, English translation |
अङ्गुत्तर निकाय ३।३०
Aṅguttara Nikāya 3.30
Numbered Discourses 3.30
३। पुग्गलवग्ग
3. Puggalavagga
3. Persons
अवकुज्जसुत्त
Avakujjasutta
Upside-down
“तयोमे, भिक्खवे, पुग्गला सन्तो संविज्जमाना लोकस्मिं। कतमे तयो? अवकुज्जपञ्ञो पुग्गलो, उच्छङ्गपञ्ञो पुग्गलो, पुथुपञ्ञो पुग्गलो।
“Tayome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ. Katame tayo? Avakujjapañño puggalo, ucchaṅgapañño puggalo, puthupañño puggalo.
“These three kinds of people are found in the world. What three? One with upside-down wisdom, one with wisdom on their lap, and one with wide wisdom.
कतमो च, भिक्खवे, अवकुज्जपञ्ञो पुग्गलो? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो पुग्गलो आरामं गन्ता होति अभिक्खणं भिक्खूनं सन्तिके धम्मस्सवनाय। तस्स भिक्खू धम्मं देसेन्ति आदिकल्याणं मज्झेकल्याणं परियोसानकल्याणं सात्थं सब्यञ्जनं, केवलपरिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं पकासेन्ति। सो तस्मिं आसने निसिन्नो तस्सा कथाय नेव आदिं मनसि करोति, न मज्झं मनसि करोति, न परियोसानं मनसि करोति; वुट्ठितोपि तम्हा आसना तस्सा कथाय नेव आदिं मनसि करोति, न मज्झं मनसि करोति, न परियोसानं मनसि करोति। सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, कुम्भो निकुज्जो तत्र उदकं आसित्तं विवट्टति, नो सण्ठाति; एवमेवं खो, भिक्खवे, इधेकच्चो पुग्गलो आरामं गन्ता होति अभिक्खणं भिक्खूनं सन्तिके धम्मस्सवनाय। तस्स भिक्खू धम्मं देसेन्ति आदिकल्याणं मज्झेकल्याणं परियोसानकल्याणं सात्थं सब्यञ्जनं, केवलपरिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं पकासेन्ति। सो तस्मिं आसने निसिन्नो तस्सा कथाय नेव आदिं मनसि करोति, न मज्झं मनसि करोति, न परियोसानं मनसि करोति; वुट्ठितोपि तम्हा आसना तस्सा कथाय नेव आदिं मनसि करोति, न मज्झं मनसि करोति, न परियोसानं मनसि करोति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, अवकुज्जपञ्ञो पुग्गलो।
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, avakujjapañño puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ārāmaṁ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṁ desenti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsenti. So tasmiṁ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya neva ādiṁ manasi karoti, na majjhaṁ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṁ manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṁ manasi karoti, na majjhaṁ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṁ manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kumbho nikujjo1 tatra udakaṁ āsittaṁ vivaṭṭati, no saṇṭhāti; evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṁ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṁ desenti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsenti. So tasmiṁ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya neva ādiṁ manasi karoti, na majjhaṁ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṁ manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṁ manasi karoti, na majjhaṁ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṁ manasi karoti. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, avakujjapañño puggalo.
And who is the person with upside-down wisdom? It’s someone who often goes to the monastery to hear the teaching in the presence of the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus teach them Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And they reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. But even while sitting there, that person doesn’t apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. And when they get up from their seat, they don’t apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. It’s like when a pot full of water is tipped over, so the water drains out and doesn’t stay. In the same way, someone often goes to the monastery to hear the teaching in the presence of the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus teach them Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And they reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. But even while sitting there, that person doesn’t apply the mind to the discussion in the beginning, middle, or end. And when they get up from their seat, they don’t apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. This is called a person with upside-down wisdom.
कतमो च, भिक्खवे, उच्छङ्गपञ्ञो पुग्गलो? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो पुग्गलो आरामं गन्ता होति अभिक्खणं भिक्खूनं सन्तिके धम्मस्सवनाय। तस्स भिक्खू धम्मं देसेन्ति आदिकल्याणं मज्झेकल्याणं परियोसानकल्याणं सात्थं सब्यञ्जनं, केवलपरिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं पकासेन्ति। सो तस्मिं आसने निसिन्नो तस्सा कथाय आदिम्पि मनसि करोति, मज्झम्पि मनसि करोति, परियोसानम्पि मनसि करोति; वुट्ठितो च खो तम्हा आसना तस्सा कथाय नेव आदिं मनसि करोति, न मज्झं मनसि करोति, न परियोसानं मनसि करोति। सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, पुरिसस्स उच्छङ्गे नानाखज्जकानि आकिण्णानि—तिला तण्डुला मोदका बदरा। सो तम्हा आसना वुट्ठहन्तो सतिसम्मोसा पकिरेय्य। एवमेवं खो, भिक्खवे, इधेकच्चो पुग्गलो आरामं गन्ता होति अभिक्खणं भिक्खूनं सन्तिके धम्मस्सवनाय। तस्स भिक्खू धम्मं देसेन्ति आदिकल्याणं मज्झेकल्याणं परियोसानकल्याणं सात्थं सब्यञ्जनं, केवलपरिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं पकासेन्ति। सो तस्मिं आसने निसिन्नो तस्सा कथाय आदिम्पि मनसि करोति, मज्झम्पि मनसि करोति, परियोसानम्पि मनसि करोति; वुट्ठितो च खो तम्हा आसना तस्सा कथाय नेव आदिं मनसि करोति, न मज्झं मनसि करोति, न परियोसानं मनसि करोति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, उच्छङ्गपञ्ञो पुग्गलो।
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, ucchaṅgapañño puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ārāmaṁ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṁ desenti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsenti. So tasmiṁ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhito ca kho tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṁ manasi karoti, na majjhaṁ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṁ manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, purisassa ucchaṅge nānākhajjakāni ākiṇṇāni—tilā taṇḍulā modakā badarā. So tamhā āsanā vuṭṭhahanto satisammosā pakireyya. Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṁ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṁ desenti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsenti. So tasmiṁ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhito ca kho tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṁ manasi karoti, na majjhaṁ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṁ manasi karoti. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ucchaṅgapañño puggalo.
And who is the person with wisdom on their lap? It’s someone who often goes to the monastery to hear the teaching in the presence of the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus teach them Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And they reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. While sitting there, that person applies the mind to the discussion in the beginning, middle, and end. But when they get up from their seat, they don’t apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. It’s like a person who has different kinds of food crammed on their lap—such as sesame, rice, sweets, or jujube—so that if they get up from the seat without mindfulness, everything gets scattered. In the same way, someone often goes to the monastery to hear the teaching in the presence of the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus teach them Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And they reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. While sitting there, that person applies the mind to the discussion in the beginning, middle, and end. But when they get up from their seat, they don’t apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. This is called a person with wisdom on their lap.
कतमो च, भिक्खवे, पुथुपञ्ञो पुग्गलो? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो पुग्गलो आरामं गन्ता होति अभिक्खणं भिक्खूनं सन्तिके धम्मस्सवनाय। तस्स भिक्खू धम्मं देसेन्ति आदिकल्याणं मज्झेकल्याणं परियोसानकल्याणं सात्थं सब्यञ्जनं, केवलपरिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं पकासेन्ति। सो तस्मिं आसने निसिन्नो तस्सा कथाय आदिम्पि मनसि करोति, मज्झम्पि मनसि करोति, परियोसानम्पि मनसि करोति; वुट्ठितोपि तम्हा आसना तस्सा कथाय आदिम्पि मनसि करोति, मज्झम्पि मनसि करोति, परियोसानम्पि मनसि करोति। सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, कुम्भो उक्कुज्जो तत्र उदकं आसित्तं सण्ठाति नो विवट्टति; एवमेवं खो, भिक्खवे, इधेकच्चो पुग्गलो आरामं गन्ता होति अभिक्खणं भिक्खूनं सन्तिके धम्मस्सवनाय। तस्स भिक्खू धम्मं देसेन्ति आदिकल्याणं मज्झेकल्याणं परियोसानकल्याणं सात्थं सब्यञ्जनं, केवलपरिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं पकासेन्ति। सो तस्मिं आसने निसिन्नो तस्सा कथाय आदिम्पि मनसि करोति, मज्झम्पि मनसि करोति, परियोसानम्पि मनसि करोति; वुट्ठितोपि तम्हा आसना तस्सा कथाय आदिम्पि मनसि करोति, मज्झम्पि मनसि करोति, परियोसानम्पि मनसि करोति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, पुथुपञ्ञो पुग्गलो।
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puthupañño puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ārāmaṁ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṁ desenti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsenti. So tasmiṁ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kumbho ukkujjo tatra udakaṁ āsittaṁ saṇṭhāti no vivaṭṭati; evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṁ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṁ desenti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāsenti. So tasmiṁ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puthupañño puggalo.
And who is the person with wide wisdom? It’s someone who often goes to the monastery to hear the teaching in the presence of the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus teach them Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And they reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. While sitting there, that person applies the mind to the discussion in the beginning, middle, and end. And when they get up from their seat, they continue to apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. It’s like when a pot full of water is set straight, so the water stays and doesn’t drain out. In the same way, someone often goes to the monastery to hear the teaching in the presence of the bhikkhus. The bhikkhus teach them Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And they reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. While sitting there, that person applies the mind to the discussion in the beginning, middle, and end. And when they get up from their seat, they continue to apply the mind to the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion. This is called a person with wide wisdom.
इमे खो, भिक्खवे, तयो पुग्गला सन्तो संविज्जमाना लोकस्मिन्ति।
Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasminti.
These are the three kinds of people found in the world.
अवकुज्जपञ्ञो पुरिसो, दुम्मेधो अविचक्खणो; अभिक्खणम्पि चे होति, गन्ता भिक्खून सन्तिके।
Avakujjapañño puriso, dummedho avicakkhaṇo; Abhikkhaṇampi ce hoti, gantā bhikkhūna santike.
A person with upside-down wisdom, is stupid and cannot see, and even if they frequently go into the bhikkhus’ presence,
आदिं कथाय मज्झञ्च, परियोसानञ्च तादिसो; उग्गहेतुं न सक्कोति, पञ्ञा हिस्स न विज्जति।
Ādiṁ kathāya majjhañca, pariyosānañca tādiso; Uggahetuṁ na sakkoti, paññā hissa na vijjati.
such a person can’t learn the beginning, middle, or end of the discussion, for their wisdom is lacking.
उच्छङ्गपञ्ञो पुरिसो, सेय्यो एतेन वुच्चति; अभिक्खणम्पि चे होति, गन्ता भिक्खून सन्तिके।
Ucchaṅgapañño puriso, seyyo etena vuccati; Abhikkhaṇampi ce hoti, gantā bhikkhūna santike.
The person with wisdom on their lap is better than that, it’s said; but even if they frequently go into the bhikkhus’ presence,
आदिं कथाय मज्झञ्च, परियोसानञ्च तादिसो; निसिन्नो आसने तस्मिं, उग्गहेत्वान ब्यञ्जनं; वुट्ठितो नप्पजानाति, गहितं हिस्स मुस्सति।
Ādiṁ kathāya majjhañca, pariyosānañca tādiso; Nisinno āsane tasmiṁ, uggahetvāna byañjanaṁ; Vuṭṭhito nappajānāti, gahitaṁ hissa2 mussati.
such a person can only learn the beginning, middle, and end while sitting in that seat; but they’ve only grasped the phrasing, for when they get up their understanding fails, and what they’ve learned is lost.
पुथुपञ्ञो च पुरिसो, सेय्यो एतेहि वुच्चति; अभिक्खणम्पि चे होति, गन्ता भिक्खून सन्तिके।
Puthupañño ca puriso, seyyo etehi3 vuccati; Abhikkhaṇampi ce hoti, gantā bhikkhūna santike.
The person with wide wisdom is better than that, it’s said; and if they, too, frequently go into the bhikkhus’ presence,
आदिं कथाय मज्झञ्च, परियोसानञ्च तादिसो; निसिन्नो आसने तस्मिं, उग्गहेत्वान ब्यञ्जनं।
Ādiṁ kathāya majjhañca, pariyosānañca tādiso; Nisinno āsane tasmiṁ, uggahetvāna byañjanaṁ.
such a person can learn the beginning, middle, and end while sitting in that seat; and when they’ve grasped the phrasing,
धारेति सेट्ठसङ्कप्पो, अब्यग्गमानसो नरो; धम्मानुधम्मप्पटिपन्नो, दुक्खस्सन्तकरो सिया”ति।
Dhāreti seṭṭhasaṅkappo, Abyaggamānaso naro; Dhammānudhammappaṭipanno, Dukkhassantakaro siyā”ti.
they remember it with the best of intentions. That peaceful-hearted person, practicing in line with the teaching, would make an end of suffering.”
दसमं।
Dasamaṁ.
पुग्गलवग्गो ततियो।
Puggalavaggo tatiyo.
तस्सुद्दानं
Tassuddānaṁ
समिद्ध गिलान सङ्खारा, बहुकारा वजिरेन च; सेवि जिगुच्छ गूथभाणी, अन्धो च अवकुज्जताति।
Samiddha4 gilāna saṅkhārā, bahukārā vajirena ca; Sevi jiguccha gūthabhāṇī, andho ca avakujjatāti.
The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
