5. Bodhirājakumārasuttaṃ

324. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena bodhissa rājakumārassa kokanado ³ nāma pāsādo acirakārito hoti anajjhāvuṭṭho samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro sañjikāputtaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vanda, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha – ‘bodhi, bhante, rājakumāro bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘adhivāsetu kira, bhante, bhagavā bodhissa rājakumārassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho sañjikāputto māṇavo bodhissa rājakumārassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sañjikāputto māṇavo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bodhi kho ⁴ rājakumāro bhoto gotamassa pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati. Evañca vadeti – ‘adhivāsetu kira bhavaṃ gotamo bodhissa rājakumārassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho sañjikāputto māṇavo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bodhi rājakumāro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bodhiṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘avocumha bhoto vacanena taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ – ‘bodhi kho rājakumāro bhoto gotamassa pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati. Evañca vadeti – adhivāsetu kira bhavaṃ gotamo bodhissa rājakumārassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’ti. Adhivuṭṭhañca pana samaṇena gotamenā’’ti.

325. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā, kokanadañca pāsādaṃ odātehi dussehi santharāpetvā yāva pacchimasopānakaḷevarā ⁷, sañjikāputtaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocehi – ‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho sañjikāputto māṇavo bodhissa rājakumārassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena bodhissa rājakumārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena bodhi rājakumāro bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhito hoti bhagavantaṃ āgamayamāno. Addasā kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna paccuggantvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā purakkhatvā yena kokanado pāsādo tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho bhagavā pacchimaṃ sopānakaḷevaraṃ nissāya aṭṭhāsi. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhiruhatu ⁸, bhante, bhagavā dussāni, abhiruhatu sugato dussāni; yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā tuṇhī ahosi. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhiruhatu, bhante, bhagavā. Dussāni, abhiruhatu sugato dussāni; yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.

326. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ apalokesi. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bodhiṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saṃharatu, rājakumāra, dussāni; na bhagavā celapaṭikaṃ ¹² akkamissati. Pacchimaṃ janataṃ tathāgato anukampatī’’ti ¹³. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro dussāni saṃharāpetvā uparikokanadapāsāde ¹⁴ āsanāni paññapesi. Atha kho bhagavā kokanadaṃ pāsādaṃ abhiruhitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayhaṃ kho, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘na kho sukhena sukhaṃ adhigantabbaṃ, dukkhena kho sukhaṃ adhigantabba’’’nti.

327. ‘‘Mayhampi kho, rājakumāra, pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘na kho sukhena sukhaṃ adhigantabbaṃ, dukkhena kho sukhaṃ adhigantabba’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, aparena samayena daharova samāno susukāḷakeso bhadrena yobbanena samannāgato paṭhamena vayasā akāmakānaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ assumukhānaṃ rudantānaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃ. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kiṃkusalagavesī ¹⁶ anuttaraṃ santivarapadaṃ pariyesamāno yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṃ kālāmaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘icchāmahaṃ, āvuso kālāma, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye brahmacariyaṃ caritu’nti. Evaṃ vutte, rājakumāra, āḷāro kālāmo maṃ etadavoca – ‘viharatāyasmā, tādiso ayaṃ dhammo yattha viññū puriso nacirasseva sakaṃ ācariyakaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, nacirasseva khippameva taṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇiṃ. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, tāvatakeneva oṭṭhapahatamattena lapitalāpanamattena ñāṇavādañca vadāmi, theravādañca jānāmi passāmīti ca paṭijānāmi, ahañceva aññe ca. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘na kho āḷāro kālāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ kevalaṃ saddhāmattakena sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedeti; addhā āḷāro kālāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ viharatī’ti.

‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṃ kālāmaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘kittāvatā no, āvuso kālāma, imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesī’ti ²⁰? Evaṃ vutte, rājakumāra, āḷāro kālāmo ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ pavedesi. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘na kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi saddhā, mayhaṃpatthi saddhā; na kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi vīriyaṃ…pe… sati… samādhi… paññā, mayhaṃpatthi paññā. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yaṃ dhammaṃ āḷāro kālāmo sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedeti tassa dhammassa sacchikiriyāya padaheyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, nacirasseva khippameva taṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṃ kālāmaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘ettāvatā no, āvuso kālāma, imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesī’ti? ‘Ettāvatā kho ahaṃ, āvuso, imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedemī’ti. ‘Ahampi kho, āvuso, ettāvatā imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmī’ti. ‘Lābhā no, āvuso, suladdhaṃ no, āvuso, ye mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ tādisaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ passāma . Iti yāhaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedemi, taṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi. Yaṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi, tamahaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedemi. Iti yāhaṃ dhammaṃ jānāmi taṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ jānāsi; yaṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ jānāsi tamahaṃ dhammaṃ jānāmi. Iti yādiso ahaṃ, tādiso tuvaṃ; yādiso tuvaṃ tādiso ahaṃ. Ehi dāni, āvuso, ubhova santā imaṃ gaṇaṃ pariharāmā’ti. Iti kho, rājakumāra, āḷāro kālāmo ācariyo me samāno (attano) ²¹ antevāsiṃ maṃ samānaṃ attanā ²² samasamaṃ ṭhapesi, uḷārāya ca maṃ pūjāya pūjesi. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘nāyaṃ dhammo nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati, yāvadeva ākiñcaññāyatanūpapattiyā’ti . So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, taṃ dhammaṃ analaṅkaritvā tasmā dhammā nibbijja apakkamiṃ.

328. ‘‘So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, kiṃkusalagavesī anuttaraṃ santivarapadaṃ pariyesamāno yena udako ²⁵ rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṃ rāmaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘icchāmahaṃ, āvuso ²⁶, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye brahmacariyaṃ caritu’nti. Evaṃ vutte, rājakumāra, udako rāmaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘viharatāyasmā, tādiso ayaṃ dhammo yattha viññū puriso nacirasseva sakaṃ ācariyakaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, nacirasseva khippameva taṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇiṃ. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, tāvatakeneva oṭṭhapahatamattena lapitalāpanamattena ñāṇavādañca vadāmi, theravādañca jānāmi passāmīti ca paṭijānāmi, ahañceva aññe ca. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘na kho rāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ kevalaṃ saddhāmattakena sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesi; addhā rāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ vihāsī’ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṃ rāmaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘kittāvatā no, āvuso, rāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesī’ti? Evaṃ vutte, rājakumāra, udako rāmaputto nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ pavedesi. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘na kho rāmasseva ahosi saddhā, mayhaṃpatthi saddhā; na kho rāmasseva ahosi vīriyaṃ…pe… sati… samādhi… paññā, mayhaṃpatthi paññā. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yaṃ dhammaṃ rāmo sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedeti tassa dhammassa sacchikiriyāya padaheyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, nacirasseva khippameva taṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsiṃ.

‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṃ rāmaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘ettāvatā no, āvuso, rāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesī’ti? ‘Ettāvatā kho, āvuso, rāmo imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesī’ti. ‘Ahampi kho, āvuso, ettāvatā imaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmī’ti. ‘Lābhā no, āvuso, suladdhaṃ no, āvuso, ye mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ tādisaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ passāma. Iti yaṃ dhammaṃ rāmo sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesi taṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi. Yaṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi taṃ dhammaṃ rāmo sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesi. Iti yaṃ dhammaṃ rāmo abhiññāsi taṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ jānāsi; yaṃ tvaṃ dhammaṃ jānāsi taṃ dhammaṃ rāmo abhiññāsi. Iti yādiso rāmo ahosi tādiso tuvaṃ, yādiso tuvaṃ tādiso rāmo ahosi. Ehi dāni, āvuso, tuvaṃ imaṃ gaṇaṃ pariharā’ti. Iti kho, rājakumāra, udako rāmaputto sabrahmacārī me samāno ācariyaṭṭhāne maṃ ṭhapesi, uḷārāya ca maṃ pūjāya pūjesi. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘nāyaṃ dhammo nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati, yāvadeva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpapattiyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, taṃ dhammaṃ analaṅkaritvā tasmā dhammā nibbijja apakkamiṃ.

329. ‘‘So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, kiṃkusalagavesī anuttaraṃ santivarapadaṃ pariyesamāno, magadhesu anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno, yena uruvelā senānigamo tadavasariṃ. Tatthaddasaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ bhūmibhāgaṃ, pāsādikañca vanasaṇḍaṃ, nadīñca sandantiṃ setakaṃ supatitthaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ samantā ca gocaragāmaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘ramaṇīyo vata, bho, bhūmibhāgo, pāsādiko ca vanasaṇḍo, nadiñca sandantiṃ setakā supatitthā , ramaṇīyā samantā ²⁸ ca gocaragāmo. Alaṃ vatidaṃ kulaputtassa padhānatthikassa padhānāyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, tattheva nisīdiṃ – ‘alamidaṃ padhānāyā’ti. Apissu maṃ, rājakumāra, tisso upamā paṭibhaṃsu anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, allaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sasnehaṃ udake nikkhittaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya – ‘aggiṃ abhinibbattessāmi, tejo pātukarissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, api nu so puriso amuṃ allaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sasnehaṃ udake nikkhittaṃ uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya abhimanthento ³⁰ aggiṃ abhinibbatteyya, tejo pātukareyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bhante. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aduñhi, bhante, allaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sasnehaṃ tañca pana udake nikkhittaṃ, yāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāyena ceva cittena ca kāmehi avūpakaṭṭhā viharanti, yo ca nesaṃ kāmesu kāmacchando kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho so ca ajjhattaṃ na suppahīno hoti, na suppaṭippassaddho. Opakkamikā cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. No cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. Ayaṃ kho maṃ, rājakumāra, paṭhamā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.

330. ‘‘Aparāpi kho maṃ, rājakumāra, dutiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, allaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sasnehaṃ ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya – ‘aggiṃ abhinibbattessāmi, tejo pātukarissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, api nu so puriso amuṃ allaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sasnehaṃ ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṃ uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya abhimanthento aggiṃ abhinibbatteyya , tejo pātukareyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bhante. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aduñhi, bhante, allaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sasnehaṃ kiñcāpi ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṃ, yāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāyena ceva cittena ca kāmehi vūpakaṭṭhā viharanti, yo ca nesaṃ kāmesu kāmacchando kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho so ca ajjhattaṃ na suppahīno hoti, na suppaṭippassaddho. Opakkamikā cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. No cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. Ayaṃ kho maṃ, rājakumāra, dutiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.

331. ‘‘Aparāpi kho maṃ, rājakumāra, tatiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, sukkhaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ koḷāpaṃ ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya – ‘aggiṃ abhinibbattessāmi, tejo pātukarissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, api nu so puriso amuṃ sukkhaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ koḷāpaṃ ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṃ uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya abhimanthento aggiṃ abhinibbatteyya, tejo pātukareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aduñhi, bhante, sukkhaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ koḷāpaṃ, tañca pana ārakā udakā thale nikkhitta’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāyena ceva cittena ca kāmehi vūpakaṭṭhā viharanti, yo ca nesaṃ kāmesu kāmacchando kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho so ca ajjhattaṃ suppahīno hoti suppaṭippassaddho. Opakkamikā cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, bhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. No cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, bhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. Ayaṃ kho maṃ, rājakumāra, tatiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā. Imā kho maṃ, rājakumāra, tisso upamā paṭibhaṃsu anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.

332. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ dantebhidantamādhāya ³², jivhāya tāluṃ āhacca, cetasā cittaṃ abhiniggaṇheyyaṃ abhinippīḷeyyaṃ abhisantāpeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, dantebhidantamādhāya, jivhāya tāluṃ āhacca, cetasā cittaṃ abhiniggaṇhāmi abhinippīḷemi abhisantāpemi. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, dantebhidantamādhāya, jivhāya tāluṃ āhacca, cetasā cittaṃ abhiniggaṇhato abhinippīḷayato abhisantāpayato kacchehi sedā muccanti. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, balavā puriso dubbalataraṃ purisaṃ sīse vā gahetvā khandhe vā gahetvā abhiniggaṇheyya abhinippīḷeyya abhisantāpeyya; evameva kho me, rājakumāra, dantebhidantamādhāya, jivhāya tāluṃ āhacca, cetasā cittaṃ abhiniggaṇhato abhinippīḷayato abhisantāpayato kacchehi sedā muccanti. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me, rājakumāra, vīriyaṃ hoti asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho, teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.

333. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ appāṇakaṃyeva jhānaṃ jhāyeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu kaṇṇasotehi vātānaṃ nikkhamantānaṃ adhimatto saddo hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma kammāragaggariyā dhamamānāya adhimatto saddo hoti, evameva kho me, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu kaṇṇasotehi vātānaṃ nikkhamantānaṃ adhimatto saddo hoti. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me, rājakumāra, vīriyaṃ hoti asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho, teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ appāṇakaṃyeva jhānaṃ jhāyeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā muddhani ūhananti ³⁵. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, balavā puriso tiṇhena sikharena muddhani abhimattheyya ³⁶, evameva kho me, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā muddhani ūhananti. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me, rājakumāra, vīriyaṃ hoti asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho, teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ appāṇakaṃyeva jhānaṃ jhāyeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā sīse sīsavedanā honti. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, balavā puriso daḷhena varattakkhaṇḍena ³⁸ sīse sīsaveṭhaṃ dadeyya; evameva kho me, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā sīse sīsavedanā honti. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me, rājakumāra, vīriyaṃ hoti asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho, teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ appāṇakaṃyeva jhānaṃ jhāyeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā kucchiṃ parikantanti. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā tiṇhena govikantanena kucchiṃ parikanteyya, evameva kho me, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā , vātā kucchiṃ parikantanti. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me, rājakumāra, vīriyaṃ hoti asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho, teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ appāṇakaṃyeva jhānaṃ jhāyeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimatto kāyasmiṃ ḍāho hoti. Seyyathāpi, rājakumāra, dve balavanto purisā dubbalataraṃ purisaṃ nānābāhāsu gahetvā aṅgārakāsuyā santāpeyyuṃ samparitāpeyyuṃ, evameva kho me, rājakumāra, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimatto kāyasmiṃ ḍāho hoti. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me, rājakumāra, vīriyaṃ hoti asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho, teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.

‘‘Apissu maṃ, rājakumāra, devatā disvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘kālaṅkato samaṇo gotamo’ti. Ekaccā devatā evamāhaṃsu – ‘na kālaṅkato samaṇo gotamo, api ca kālaṅkarotī’ti. Ekaccā devatā evamāhaṃsu – ‘na kālaṅkato samaṇo gotamo, nāpi kālaṅkaroti . Arahaṃ samaṇo gotamo. Vihārotveva so ⁴¹ arahato evarūpo hotī’ti ⁴².

334. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ sabbaso āhārupacchedāya paṭipajjeyya’nti. Atha kho maṃ, rājakumāra, devatā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘mā kho tvaṃ, mārisa, sabbaso āhārupacchedāya paṭipajji. Sace kho tvaṃ, mārisa, sabbaso āhārupacchedāya paṭipajjissasi, tassa te mayaṃ dibbaṃ ojaṃ lomakūpehi ajjhohāressāma ⁴⁶, tāya tvaṃ yāpessasī’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘ahañceva kho pana sabbaso ajajjitaṃ ⁴⁷ paṭijāneyyaṃ. Imā ca me devatā dibbaṃ ojaṃ lomakūpehi ajjhohāreyyuṃ ⁴⁸, tāya cāhaṃ yāpeyyaṃ, taṃ mamassa musā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, tā devatā paccācikkhāmi. ‘Hala’nti vadāmi.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ thokaṃ thokaṃ āhāraṃ āhāreyyaṃ pasataṃ pasataṃ, yadi vā muggayūsaṃ yadi vā kulatthayūsaṃ yadi vā kaḷāyayūsaṃ yadi vā hareṇukayūsa’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, thokaṃ thokaṃ āhāraṃ āhāresiṃ pasataṃ pasataṃ, yadi vā muggayūsaṃ yadi vā kulatthayūsaṃ yadi vā kaḷāyayūsaṃ yadi vā hareṇukayūsaṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, thokaṃ thokaṃ āhāraṃ āhārayato pasataṃ pasataṃ, yadi vā muggayūsaṃ yadi vā kulatthayūsaṃ yadi vā kaḷāyayūsaṃ yadi vā hareṇukayūsaṃ, adhimattakasimānaṃ patto kāyo hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma āsītikapabbāni vā kāḷapabbāni vā, evamevassu me aṅgapaccaṅgāni bhavanti tāyevappāhāratāya. Seyyathāpi nāma oṭṭhapadaṃ, evamevassu me ānisadaṃ hoti tāyevappāhāratāya. Seyyathāpi nāma vaṭṭanāvaḷī, evamevassu me piṭṭhikaṇṭako uṇṇatāvanato hoti tāyevappāhāratāya. Seyyathāpi nāma jarasālāya gopānasiyo oluggaviluggā bhavanti, evamevassu me phāsuḷiyo oluggaviluggā bhavanti tāyevappāhāratāya. Seyyathāpi nāma gambhīre udapāne udakatārakā gambhīragatā okkhāyikā dissanti, evamevassu me akkhikūpesu akkhitārakā gambhīragatā okkhāyikā dissanti tāyevappāhāratāya. Seyyathāpi nāma tittakālābu āmakacchinno vātātapena saṃphuṭito ⁵⁰ hoti sammilāto, evamevassu me sīsacchavi saṃphuṭitā hoti sammilātā tāyevappāhāratāya. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, ‘udaracchaviṃ parimasissāmī’ti piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃyeva pariggaṇhāmi, ‘piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ parimasissāmī’ti udaracchaviṃyeva pariggaṇhāmi. Yāvassu me, rājakumāra, udaracchavi piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ allīnā hoti tāyevappāhāratāya. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, ‘vaccaṃ vā muttaṃ vā karissāmī’ti tattheva avakujjo papatāmi tāyevappāhāratāya. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, imameva kāyaṃ assāsento pāṇinā gattāni anumajjāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, pāṇinā gattāni anumajjato pūtimūlāni lomāni kāyasmā papatanti tāyevappāhāratāya. Apissu maṃ, rājakumāra, manussā disvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘kāḷo samaṇo gotamo’ti, ekacce manussā evamāhaṃsu – ‘na kāḷo samaṇo gotamo, sāmo samaṇo gotamo’ti. Ekacce manussā evamāhaṃsu – ‘na kāḷo samaṇo gotamo, napi sāmo, maṅguracchavi samaṇo gotamo’ti. Yāvassu me, rājakumāra, tāva parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto upahato hoti tāyevappāhāratāya.

335. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘ye kho keci atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā ⁵² kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayiṃsu, etāvaparamaṃ nayito bhiyyo. Yepi hi keci anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayissanti, etāvaparamaṃ nayito bhiyyo. Yepi hi keci etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, etāvaparamaṃ nayito bhiyyo. Na kho panāhaṃ imāya kaṭukāya dukkarakārikāya adhigacchāmi uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ; siyā nu kho añño maggo bodhāyā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ pitu sakkassa kammante sītāya jambucchāyāya nisinno vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharitā; siyā nu kho eso maggo bodhāyā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, satānusāri viññāṇaṃ ahosi – ‘eseva maggo bodhāyā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ tassa sukhassa bhāyāmi yaṃ taṃ sukhaṃ aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehī’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘na kho ahaṃ tassa sukhassa bhāyāmi yaṃ taṃ sukhaṃ aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehī’ti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘na kho taṃ sukaraṃ sukhaṃ adhigantuṃ evaṃ adhimattakasimānaṃ pattakāyena. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ oḷārikaṃ āhāraṃ āhāreyyaṃ odanakummāsa’nti. So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, oḷārikaṃ āhāraṃ āhāresiṃ odanakummāsaṃ. Tena kho pana maṃ, rājakumāra, samayena pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū paccupaṭṭhitā honti – ‘yaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo dhammaṃ adhigamissati taṃ no ārocessatī’ti. Yato kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, oḷārikaṃ āhāraṃ āhāresiṃ odanakummāsaṃ, atha me te pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū nibbijja pakkamiṃsu – ‘bāhulliko ⁵⁴ samaṇo gotamo padhānavibbhanto, āvatto bāhullāyā’ti.

336. ‘‘So kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, oḷārikaṃ āhāraṃ āhāretvā balaṃ gahetvā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmesiṃ. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Ayaṃ kho me, rājakumāra, rattiyā paṭhame yāme paṭhamā vijjā adhigatā, avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno – yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmesiṃ. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi …pe… ayaṃ kho me, rājakumāra, rattiyā majjhime yāme dutiyā vijjā adhigatā, avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno – yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmesiṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; ‘ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ…pe… ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. Tassa me evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ ahosi. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsiṃ. Ayaṃ kho me, rājakumāra, rattiyā pacchime yāme tatiyā vijjā adhigatā, avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno – yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.

337. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ – idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ – yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ . Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ, so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’ti. Apissu maṃ, rājakumāra, imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –

‘Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

‘Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā’ ⁵⁶ ti.

‘‘Itiha me, rājakumāra, paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati no dhammadesanāya.

338. ‘‘Atha kho, rājakumāra, brahmuno sahampatissa mama cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi – ‘nassati vata, bho, loko; vinassati vata, bho, loko. Yatra hi nāma tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati ⁵⁸ no dhammadesanāyā’ti. Atha kho, rājakumāra, brahmā sahampati – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi. Atha kho, rājakumāra, brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yenāhaṃ tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā maṃ etadavoca – ‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā assavanatāya dhammassa parihāyanti; bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti . Idamavoca, rājakumāra, brahmā sahampati; idaṃ vatvā athāparaṃ etadavoca –

‘Pāturahosi magadhesu pubbe,

Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito;

Apāpuretaṃ ⁶⁰ amatassa dvāraṃ,

Suṇantu dhammaṃ vimalenānubuddhaṃ.

‘Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito,

Yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato;

Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha,

Pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu.

‘Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ ⁶² janatamapetasoko,

Avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ;

Uṭṭhehi vīra, vijitasaṅgāma,

Satthavāha aṇaṇa ⁶⁴, vicara loke;

Desassu ⁶⁶ bhagavā dhammaṃ,

Aññātāro bhavissantī’ti.

339. ‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṃ viditvā sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesiṃ. Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine ⁶⁹ viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante. Seyyathāpi nāma uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni antonimuggaposīni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā accuggamma ṭhitāni ⁷⁰ anupalittāni udakena, evameva kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasaṃ satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante. Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, brahmānaṃ sahampatiṃ gāthāya paccabhāsiṃ –

‘Apārutā tesaṃ amatassa dvārā,

Ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṃ;

Vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ,

Dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’ti.

340. ‘‘Atha kho, rājakumāra, brahmā sahampati ‘katāvakāso khomhi bhagavatā dhammadesanāyā’ti maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ? Ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho āḷāro kālāmo paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī dīgharattaṃ apparajakkhajātiko. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ āḷārassa kālāmassa paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ; so imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti. Atha kho maṃ, rājakumāra, devatā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘sattāhakālaṅkato, bhante, āḷāro kālāmo’ti. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘sattāhakālaṅkato āḷāro kālāmo’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘mahājāniyo kho āḷāro kālāmo. Sace hi so imaṃ dhammaṃ suṇeyya, khippameva ājāneyyā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ? Ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho udako rāmaputto paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī dīgharattaṃ apparajakkhajātiko. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ udakassa rāmaputtassa paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ; so imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti. Atha kho maṃ, rājakumāra, devatā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘abhidosakālaṅkato, bhante, udako rāmaputto’ti. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘abhidosakālaṅkato udako rāmaputto’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘mahājāniyo kho udako rāmaputto. Sace hi so imaṃ dhammaṃ suṇeyya, khippameva ājāneyyā’ti.

341. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ? Ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘bahukārā kho me pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū ye maṃ padhānapahitattaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃsu. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ pañcavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’nti. Tassa mayhaṃ, rājakumāra, etadahosi – ‘kahaṃ nu kho etarahi pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū viharantī’ti. Addasaṃ khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena pañcavaggiye bhikkhū bārāṇasiyaṃ viharante isipatane migadāye. Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, uruvelāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bārāṇasī tena cārikaṃ pakkamiṃ.

‘‘Addasā kho maṃ, rājakumāra, upako ājīvako antarā ca gayaṃ antarā ca bodhiṃ addhānamaggappaṭipannaṃ . Disvāna maṃ etadavoca – ‘vippasannāni kho te, āvuso, indriyāni, parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto. Kaṃsi tvaṃ, āvuso, uddissa pabbajito? Ko vā te satthā? Kassa vā tvaṃ dhammaṃ rocesī’ti? Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, rājakumāra, upakaṃ ājīvakaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsiṃ –

‘Sabbābhibhū sabbavidūhamasmi,

Sabbesu dhammesu anūpalitto;

Sabbañjaho taṇhākkhaye vimutto,

Sayaṃ abhiññāya kamuddiseyyaṃ.

‘Na me ācariyo atthi, sadiso me na vijjati;

Sadevakasmiṃ lokasmiṃ, natthi me paṭipuggalo.

‘Ahañhi arahā loke, ahaṃ satthā anuttaro;

Ekomhi sammāsambuddho, sītibhūtosmi nibbuto.

‘Dhammacakkaṃ pavattetuṃ, gacchāmi kāsinaṃ puraṃ;

Andhībhūtasmiṃ ⁷³ lokasmiṃ, āhañchaṃ ⁷⁴ amatadundubhi’nti.

‘Yathā kho tvaṃ, āvuso, paṭijānāsi arahasi anantajino’ti.

‘Mādisā ve jinā honti, ye pattā āsavakkhayaṃ;

Jitā me pāpakā dhammā, tasmāhamupaka ⁷⁶ jino’ti.

‘‘Evaṃ vutte, rājakumāra, upako ājīvako ‘hupeyyapāvuso’ti ⁷⁸ vatvā sīsaṃ okampetvā ummaggaṃ gahetvā pakkāmi.

342. ‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, rājakumāra, anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bārāṇasī isipatanaṃ migadāyo yena pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Addasaṃsu kho maṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna aññamaññaṃ saṇṭhapesuṃ – ‘ayaṃ kho, āvuso, samaṇo gotamo āgacchati bāhulliko padhānavibbhanto āvatto bāhullāya. So neva abhivādetabbo, na paccuṭṭhātabbo, nāssa pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ; api ca kho āsanaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ – sace so ākaṅkhissati nisīdissatī’ti. Yathā yathā kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiye bhikkhū upasaṅkamiṃ ⁸³, tathā tathā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū nāsakkhiṃsu sakāya katikāya saṇṭhātuṃ. Appekacce maṃ paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesuṃ. Appekacce āsanaṃ paññapesuṃ. Appekacce pādodakaṃ upaṭṭhapesuṃ. Api ca kho maṃ nāmena ca āvusovādena ca samudācaranti. Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – ‘mā, bhikkhave, tathāgataṃ nāmena ca āvusovādena ca samudācaratha ⁸⁴; arahaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sammāsambuddho. Odahatha, bhikkhave, sotaṃ. Amatamadhigataṃ. Ahamanusāsāmi, ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamānā nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘tāyapi kho tvaṃ, āvuso gotama, iriyāya ⁸⁵ tāya paṭipadāya tāya dukkarakārikāya nājjhagamā uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ; kiṃ pana tvaṃ etarahi bāhulliko padhānavibbhanto āvatto bāhullāya adhigamissasi uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesa’nti? Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – ‘na, bhikkhave, tathāgato bāhulliko na padhānavibbhanto na āvatto bāhullāya. Arahaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sammāsambuddho. Odahatha, bhikkhave, sotaṃ. Amatamadhigataṃ. Ahamanusāsāmi, ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamānā nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti. Dutiyampi kho, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘tāyapi kho tvaṃ, āvuso gotama, iriyāya tāya paṭipadāya tāya dukkarakārikāya nājjhagamā uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ; kiṃ pana tvaṃ etarahi bāhulliko padhānavibbhanto āvatto bāhullāya adhigamissasi uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesa’nti? Dutiyampi kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – ‘na, bhikkhave, tathāgato bāhulliko na padhānavibbhanto na āvatto bāhullāya. Arahaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sammāsambuddho. Odahatha, bhikkhave, sotaṃ. Amatamadhigataṃ. Ahamanusāsāmi, ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamānā nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti . Tatiyampi kho, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘tāyapi kho tvaṃ, āvuso gotama, iriyāya tāya paṭipadāya tāya dukkarakārikāya nājjhagamā uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ; kiṃ pana tvaṃ etarahi bāhulliko padhānavibbhanto āvatto bāhullāya adhigamissasi uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesa’nti? Evaṃ vutte , ahaṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – ‘abhijānātha me no tumhe, bhikkhave, ito pubbe evarūpaṃ pabhāvitameta’nti ⁸⁶? ‘No hetaṃ, bhante’. ‘Arahaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sammāsambuddho. Odahatha, bhikkhave, sotaṃ. Amatamadhigataṃ. Ahamanusāsāmi, ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamānā nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti.

‘‘Asakkhiṃ kho ahaṃ, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiye bhikkhū saññāpetuṃ. Dvepi sudaṃ, rājakumāra, bhikkhū ovadāmi. Tayo bhikkhū piṇḍāya caranti. Yaṃ tayo bhikkhū piṇḍāya caritvā āharanti, tena chabbaggiyā ⁸⁸ yāpema. Tayopi sudaṃ, rājakumāra, bhikkhū ovadāmi, dve bhikkhū piṇḍāya caranti. Yaṃ dve bhikkhū piṇḍāya caritvā āharanti tena chabbaggiyā yāpema.

343. ‘‘Atha kho, rājakumāra, pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū mayā evaṃ ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihariṃsū’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kīva cirena nu kho, bhante, bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ ⁹² labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, rājakumāra, taṃyevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, kusalo tvaṃ hatthārūḷhe ⁹³ aṅkusagayhe ⁹⁴ sippe’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, kusalo ahaṃ hatthārūḷhe aṅkusagayhe sippe’’ti . ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, idha puriso āgaccheyya – ‘bodhi rājakumāro hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ jānāti; tassāhaṃ santike hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ sikkhissāmī’ti. So cassa assaddho; yāvatakaṃ saddhena pattabbaṃ taṃ na sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa bahvābādho; yāvatakaṃ appābādhena pattabbaṃ taṃ na sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa saṭho māyāvī; yāvatakaṃ asaṭhena amāyāvinā pattabbaṃ taṃ na sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa kusīto; yāvatakaṃ āraddhavīriyena pattabbaṃ taṃ na sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa duppañño; yāvatakaṃ paññavatā pattabbaṃ taṃ na sampāpuṇeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, api nu so puriso tava santike hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ sikkheyyā’’ti? ‘‘Ekamekenāpi, bhante, aṅgena samannāgato so puriso na mama santike hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ sikkheyya, ko pana vādo pañcahaṅgehī’’ti!

344. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, idha puriso āgaccheyya – ‘bodhi rājakumāro hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ jānāti; tassāhaṃ santike hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ sikkhissāmī’ti. So cassa saddho; yāvatakaṃ saddhena pattabbaṃ taṃ sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa appābādho; yāvatakaṃ appābādhena pattabbaṃ taṃ sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa asaṭho amāyāvī; yāvatakaṃ asaṭhena amāyāvinā pattabbaṃ taṃ sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa āraddhavīriyo; yāvatakaṃ āraddhavīriyena pattabbaṃ taṃ sampāpuṇeyya. So cassa paññavā; yāvatakaṃ paññavatā pattabbaṃ taṃ sampāpuṇeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, api nu so puriso tava santike hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ sikkheyyā’’ti? ‘‘Ekamekenāpi, bhante, aṅgena samannāgato so puriso mama santike hatthārūḷhaṃ aṅkusagayhaṃ sippaṃ sikkheyya, ko pana vādo pañcahaṅgehī’’ti! ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, pañcimāni padhāniyaṅgāni. Katamāni pañca? Idha, rājakumāra, bhikkhu saddho hoti; saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti; appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya; asaṭho hoti amāyāvī yathābhūtaṃ attānaṃ āvikattā satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu ; āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu; paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Imāni kho, rājakumāra, pañca padhāniyaṅgāni.

345. ‘‘Imehi , rājakumāra, pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya satta vassāni. Tiṭṭhantu, rājakumāra, satta vassāni. Imehi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya chabbassāni… pañca vassāni… cattāri vassāni… tīṇi vassāni… dve vassāni… ekaṃ vassaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, rājakumāra, ekaṃ vassaṃ. Imehi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya satta māsāni. Tiṭṭhantu, rājakumāra, satta māsāni. Imehi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya cha māsāni… pañca māsāni… cattāri māsāni… tīṇi māsāni… dve māsāni… ekaṃ māsaṃ… aḍḍhamāsaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, rājakumāra, aḍḍhamāso. Imehi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya satta rattindivāni. Tiṭṭhantu, rājakumāra, satta rattindivāni. Imehi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya cha rattindivāni… pañca rattindivāni… cattāri rattindivāni… tīṇi rattindivāni… dve rattindivāni… ekaṃ rattindivaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, rājakumāra, eko rattindivo. Imehi pañcahi padhāniyaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu tathāgataṃ vināyakaṃ labhamāno sāyamanusiṭṭho pāto visesaṃ adhigamissati, pātamanusiṭṭho sāyaṃ visesaṃ adhigamissatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘aho buddho, aho dhammo, aho dhammassa svākkhātatā! Yatra hi nāma sāyamanusiṭṭho pāto visesaṃ adhigamissati, pātamanusiṭṭho sāyaṃ visesaṃ adhigamissatī’’ti!

346. Evaṃ vutte, sañjikāputto māṇavo bodhiṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evameva panāyaṃ bhavaṃ bodhi – ‘aho buddho, aho dhammo, aho dhammassa svākkhātatā’ti ca vadeti ⁹⁶; atha ca pana na taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchati dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañcā’’ti. ‘‘Mā hevaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, avaca; mā hevaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, avaca. Sammukhā metaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, ayyāya sutaṃ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ’’. ‘‘Ekamidaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Atha kho me ayyā kucchimatī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho me ayyā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘yo me ayaṃ, bhante, kucchigato kumārako vā kumārikā vā so bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchati dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ taṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’nti. Ekamidaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, samayaṃ bhagavā idheva bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Atha kho maṃ dhāti aṅkena haritvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho maṃ dhāti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ , bhante, bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchati dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ taṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’nti. Esāhaṃ, samma sañjikāputta, tatiyakampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.

Bodhirājakumārasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ pañcamaṃ.