| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Majjhima Nikāya, English translation |
मज्झिम निकाय ६७
Majjhima Nikāya 67
The Middle-Length Suttas Collection 67
चातुमसुत्त
Cātumasutta
At Cātumā
एवं मे सुतं—एकं समयं भगवा चातुमायं विहरति आमलकीवने।
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā cātumāyaṁ viharati āmalakīvane.
So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Cātumā in a myrobalan grove.
तेन खो पन समयेन सारिपुत्तमोग्गल्लानप्पमुखानि पञ्चमत्तानि भिक्खुसतानि चातुमं अनुप्पत्तानि होन्ति भगवन्तं दस्सनाय। ते च आगन्तुका भिक्खू नेवासिकेहि भिक्खूहि सद्धिं पटिसम्मोदमाना सेनासनानि पञ्ञापयमाना पत्तचीवरानि पटिसामयमाना उच्चासद्दा महासद्दा अहेसुं।
Tena kho pana samayena sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṁ anuppattāni honti bhagavantaṁ dassanāya. Te ca āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā ahesuṁ.
Now at that time five hundred bhikkhus headed by Sāriputta and Moggallāna arrived at Cātumā to see the Buddha. And the visiting bhikkhus, while exchanging pleasantries with the resident bhikkhus, preparing their lodgings, and putting away their bowls and robes, made a dreadful racket.
अथ खो भगवा आयस्मन्तं आनन्दं आमन्तेसि: “के पनेते, आनन्द, उच्चासद्दा महासद्दा, केवट्टा मञ्ञे मच्छविलोपे”ति?
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ āmantesi: “ke panete, ānanda, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā, kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope”ti?
Then the Buddha said to Venerable Ānanda, “Ānanda, who’s making that dreadful racket? You’d think it was fishermen hauling in a catch!”
“एतानि, भन्ते, सारिपुत्तमोग्गल्लानप्पमुखानि पञ्चमत्तानि भिक्खुसतानि चातुमं अनुप्पत्तानि भगवन्तं दस्सनाय। ते आगन्तुका भिक्खू नेवासिकेहि भिक्खूहि सद्धिं पटिसम्मोदमाना सेनासनानि पञ्ञापयमाना पत्तचीवरानि पटिसामयमाना उच्चासद्दा महासद्दा”ति।
“Etāni, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṁ anuppattāni bhagavantaṁ dassanāya. Te āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā”ti.
And Ānanda told him what had happened.
“तेनहानन्द, मम वचनेन ते भिक्खू आमन्तेहि: ‘सत्था आयस्मन्ते आमन्तेतीऽ”ति।
“Tenahānanda, mama vacanena te bhikkhū āmantehi: ‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’”ti.
“Well then, Ānanda, in my name tell those bhikkhus that the teacher summons them.”
“एवं, भन्ते”ति खो आयस्मा आनन्दो भगवतो पटिस्सुत्वा येन ते भिक्खू तेनुपसङ्कमि; उपसङ्कमित्वा ते भिक्खू एतदवोच: “सत्था आयस्मन्ते आमन्तेती”ति।
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca: “satthā āyasmante āmantetī”ti.
“Yes, sir,” Ānanda replied. He went to those bhikkhus and said, “Venerables, the teacher summons you.”
“एवमावुसो”ति खो ते भिक्खू आयस्मतो आनन्दस्स पटिस्सुत्वा येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदिंसु। एकमन्तं निसिन्ने खो ते भिक्खू भगवा एतदवोच:
“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca:
“Yes, friend,” replied those bhikkhus. Then they rose from their seats and went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to them:
“किं नु तुम्हे, भिक्खवे, उच्चासद्दा महासद्दा, केवट्टा मञ्ञे मच्छविलोपे”ति?
“kiṁ nu tumhe, bhikkhave, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā, kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope”ti?
“Bhikkhus, what’s with that dreadful racket? You’d think it was fishermen hauling in a catch!”
“इमानि, भन्ते, सारिपुत्तमोग्गल्लानप्पमुखानि पञ्चमत्तानि भिक्खुसतानि चातुमं अनुप्पत्तानि भगवन्तं दस्सनाय। तेमे आगन्तुका भिक्खू नेवासिकेहि भिक्खूहि सद्धिं पटिसम्मोदमाना सेनासनानि पञ्ञापयमाना पत्तचीवरानि पटिसामयमाना उच्चासद्दा महासद्दा”ति।
“Imāni, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṁ anuppattāni bhagavantaṁ dassanāya. Teme āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā”ti.
And they told him what had happened.
“गच्छथ, भिक्खवे, पणामेमि वो, न वो मम सन्तिके वत्थब्बन्”ति।
“Gacchatha, bhikkhave, paṇāmemi vo, na vo mama santike vatthabban”ti.
“Go away, bhikkhus, I dismiss you. You are not to stay in my presence.”
“एवं, भन्ते”ति खो ते भिक्खू भगवतो पटिस्सुत्वा उट्ठायासना भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा पदक्खिणं कत्वा सेनासनं संसामेत्वा पत्तचीवरमादाय पक्कमिंसु।
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā senāsanaṁ saṁsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya pakkamiṁsu.
“Yes, sir,” replied those bhikkhus. They got up from their seats, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on their right. They set their lodgings in order and left, taking their bowls and robes.
तेन खो पन समयेन चातुमेय्यका सक्या सन्थागारे सन्निपतिता होन्ति केनचिदेव करणीयेन। अद्दसंसु खो चातुमेय्यका सक्या ते भिक्खू दूरतोव आगच्छन्ते; दिस्वान येन ते भिक्खू तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु; उपसङ्कमित्वा ते भिक्खू एतदवोचुं: “हन्द कहं पन तुम्हे आयस्मन्तो गच्छथा”ति?
Tena kho pana samayena cātumeyyakā sakyā santhāgāre1 sannipatitā honti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Addasaṁsu kho cātumeyyakā sakyā te bhikkhū dūratova āgacchante; disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ: “handa kahaṁ pana tumhe āyasmanto gacchathā”ti?
Now at that time the Sakyans of Cātumā were sitting together at the town hall on some business. Seeing those bhikkhus coming off in the distance, they went up to them and said, “Hello venerables, where are you going?”
“भगवता खो, आवुसो, भिक्खुसङ्घो पणामितो”ति।
“Bhagavatā kho, āvuso, bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito”ti.
“Sirs, the bhikkhu Saṅgha has been dismissed by the Buddha.”
“तेनहायस्मन्तो मुहुत्तं निसीदथ, अप्पेव नाम मयं सक्कुणेय्याम भगवन्तं पसादेतुन्”ति।
“Tenahāyasmanto muhuttaṁ nisīdatha, appeva nāma mayaṁ sakkuṇeyyāma bhagavantaṁ pasādetun”ti.
“Well then, venerables, sit here for a minute. Hopefully we’ll be able to restore the Buddha’s confidence.”
“एवमावुसो”ति खो ते भिक्खू चातुमेय्यकानं सक्यानं पच्चस्सोसुं।
“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū cātumeyyakānaṁ sakyānaṁ paccassosuṁ.
“Yes, sirs,” replied the bhikkhus.
अथ खो चातुमेय्यका सक्या येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदिंसु। एकमन्तं निसिन्ना खो चातुमेय्यका सक्या भगवन्तं एतदवोचुं:
Atha kho cātumeyyakā sakyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho cātumeyyakā sakyā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:
Then the Sakyans of Cātumā went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:
“अभिनन्दतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं; अभिवदतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, भगवता पुब्बे भिक्खुसङ्घो अनुग्गहितो; एवमेव भगवा एतरहि अनुग्गण्हातु भिक्खुसङ्घं। सन्तेत्थ, भन्ते, भिक्खू नवा अचिरपब्बजिता अधुनागता इमं धम्मविनयं। तेसं भगवन्तं दस्सनाय अलभन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, बीजानं तरुणानं उदकं अलभन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं सिया विपरिणामो; एवमेव खो, भन्ते, सन्तेत्थ भिक्खू नवा अचिरपब्बजिता अधुनागता इमं धम्मविनयं, तेसं भगवन्तं दस्सनाय अलभन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, वच्छस्स तरुणस्स मातरं अपस्सन्तस्स सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो; एवमेव खो, भन्ते, सन्तेत्थ भिक्खू नवा अचिरपब्बजिता अधुनागता इमं धम्मविनयं, तेसं भगवन्तं अपस्सन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो। अभिनन्दतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं; अभिवदतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, भगवता पुब्बे भिक्खुसङ्घो अनुग्गहितो; एवमेव भगवा एतरहि अनुग्गण्हातु भिक्खुसङ्घन्”ति।
“abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṁ. Santettha, bhante, bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ. Tesaṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya alabhantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bījānaṁ taruṇānaṁ udakaṁ alabhantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, tesaṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya alabhantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṁ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, tesaṁ bhagavantaṁ apassantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghan”ti.
“May the Buddha approve of the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha welcome the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha support the bhikkhu Saṅgha now as he did in the past! There are bhikkhus here who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training. If they don’t get to see the Buddha they may change and fall apart. If young seedlings don’t get water they may change and fall apart. In the same way, there are bhikkhus here who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training. If they don’t get to see the Buddha they may change and fall apart. If a young calf doesn’t see its mother it may change and fall apart. In the same way, there are bhikkhus here who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training. If they don’t get to see the Buddha they may change and fall apart. May the Buddha approve of the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha welcome the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha support the bhikkhu Saṅgha now as he did in the past!”
अथ खो ब्रह्मा सहम्पति भगवतो चेतसा चेतोपरिवितक्कमञ्ञाय—सेय्यथापि नाम बलवा पुरिसो समिञ्जितं वा बाहं पसारेय्य, पसारितं वा बाहं समिञ्जेय्य; एवमेव—ब्रह्मलोके अन्तरहितो भगवतो पुरतो पातुरहोसि। अथ खो ब्रह्मा सहम्पति एकंसं उत्तरासङ्गं करित्वा येन भगवा तेनञ्जलिं पणामेत्वा भगवन्तं एतदवोच:
Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṁ2 vā bāhaṁ pasāreyya, pasāritaṁ vā bāhaṁ samiñjeyya; evameva—brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
Then Brahmā Sahampati knew what the Buddha was thinking. As easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, he vanished from the Brahmā realm and reappeared in front of the Buddha. He arranged his robe over one shoulder, raised his joined palms toward the Buddha, and said:
“अभिनन्दतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं; अभिवदतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, भगवता पुब्बे भिक्खुसङ्घो अनुग्गहितो; एवमेव भगवा एतरहि अनुग्गण्हातु भिक्खुसङ्घं। सन्तेत्थ, भन्ते, भिक्खू नवा अचिरपब्बजिता अधुनागता इमं धम्मविनयं, तेसं भगवन्तं दस्सनाय अलभन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, बीजानं तरुणानं उदकं अलभन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो; एवमेव खो, भन्ते, सन्तेत्थ भिक्खू नवा अचिरपब्बजिता अधुनागता इमं धम्मविनयं, तेसं भगवन्तं दस्सनाय अलभन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, वच्छस्स तरुणस्स मातरं अपस्सन्तस्स सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो; एवमेव खो, भन्ते, सन्तेत्थ भिक्खू नवा अचिरपब्बजिता अधुनागता इमं धम्मविनयं, तेसं भगवन्तं अपस्सन्तानं सिया अञ्ञथत्तं, सिया विपरिणामो। अभिनन्दतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं; अभिवदतु, भन्ते, भगवा भिक्खुसङ्घं। सेय्यथापि, भन्ते, भगवता पुब्बे भिक्खुसङ्घो अनुग्गहितो; एवमेव भगवा एतरहि अनुग्गण्हातु भिक्खुसङ्घन्”ति।
“abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṁ. Santettha, bhante, bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, tesaṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya alabhantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bījānaṁ taruṇānaṁ udakaṁ alabhantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, tesaṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya alabhantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṁ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, tesaṁ bhagavantaṁ apassantānaṁ siyā aññathattaṁ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṁ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghan”ti.
“May the Buddha approve of the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha welcome the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha support the bhikkhu Saṅgha now as he did in the past! There are bhikkhus here who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training. If they don’t get to see the Buddha they may change and fall apart. If young seedlings don’t get water they may change and fall apart. … If a young calf doesn’t see its mother it may change and fall apart. In the same way, there are bhikkhus here who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training. If they don’t get to see the Buddha they may change and fall apart. May the Buddha approve of the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha welcome the bhikkhu Saṅgha! May the Buddha support the bhikkhu Saṅgha now as he did in the past!”
असक्खिंसु खो चातुमेय्यका च सक्या ब्रह्मा च सहम्पति भगवन्तं पसादेतुं बीजूपमेन च तरुणूपमेन च।
Asakkhiṁsu kho cātumeyyakā ca sakyā brahmā ca sahampati bhagavantaṁ pasādetuṁ bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena ca.
The Sakyans of Cātumā and Brahmā Sahampati were able to restore the Buddha’s confidence with the similes of the seedlings and the calf.
अथ खो आयस्मा महामोग्गल्लानो भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “उट्ठेथावुसो, गण्हथ पत्तचीवरं। पसादितो भगवा चातुमेय्यकेहि च सक्येहि ब्रह्मुना च सहम्पतिना बीजूपमेन च तरुणूपमेन चा”ति।
Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi: “uṭṭhethāvuso, gaṇhatha pattacīvaraṁ. Pasādito bhagavā cātumeyyakehi ca sakyehi brahmunā ca sahampatinā bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena cā”ti.
Then Venerable Mahāmoggallāna addressed the bhikkhus, “Get up, friends, and pick up your bowls and robes. The Buddha’s confidence has been restored by the Sakyans of Cātumā and Brahmā Sahampati with the similes of the seedlings and the calf.”
“एवमावुसो”ति खो ते भिक्खू आयस्मतो महामोग्गल्लानस्स पटिस्सुत्वा उट्ठायासना पत्तचीवरमादाय येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदिंसु। एकमन्तं निसिन्नं खो आयस्मन्तं सारिपुत्तं भगवा एतदवोच: “किन्ति ते, सारिपुत्त, अहोसि मया भिक्खुसङ्घे पणामिते”ति?
“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pattacīvaramādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ bhagavā etadavoca: “kinti te, sāriputta, ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite”ti?
“Yes, friend,” replied those bhikkhus. Then they rose from their seats and, taking their bowls and robes, went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to Venerable Sāriputta, “Sāriputta, what did you think when the bhikkhu Saṅgha was dismissed by me?”
“एवं खो मे, भन्ते, अहोसि: ‘भगवता भिक्खुसङ्घो पणामितो। अप्पोस्सुक्को दानि भगवा दिट्ठधम्मसुखविहारं अनुयुत्तो विहरिस्सति, मयम्पि दानि अप्पोस्सुक्का दिट्ठधम्मसुखविहारमनुयुत्ता विहरिस्सामाऽ”ति।
“Evaṁ kho me, bhante, ahosi: ‘bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito. Appossukko dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṁ anuyutto viharissati, mayampi dāni appossukkā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyuttā viharissāmā’”ti.
“Sir, I thought this: ‘The Buddha has dismissed the bhikkhu Saṅgha. Now he will remain passive, dwelling in blissful meditation in the present life, and so will we.’”
“आगमेहि त्वं, सारिपुत्त, आगमेहि त्वं, सारिपुत्त, दिट्ठधम्मसुखविहारन्”ति।
“Āgamehi tvaṁ, sāriputta, āgamehi tvaṁ, sāriputta, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāran”ti.
“Hold on, Sāriputta, hold on! Don’t you ever think such a thing again!”
अथ खो भगवा आयस्मन्तं महामोग्गल्लानं आमन्तेसि: “किन्ति ते, मोग्गल्लान, अहोसि मया भिक्खुसङ्घे पणामिते”ति?
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ mahāmoggallānaṁ āmantesi: “kinti te, moggallāna, ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite”ti?
Then the Buddha addressed Venerable Mahāmoggallāna, “Moggallāna, what did you think when the bhikkhu Saṅgha was dismissed by me?”
“एवं खो मे, भन्ते, अहोसि: ‘भगवता भिक्खुसङ्घो पणामितो। अप्पोस्सुक्को दानि भगवा दिट्ठधम्मसुखविहारं अनुयुत्तो विहरिस्सति, अहञ्च दानि आयस्मा च सारिपुत्तो भिक्खुसङ्घं परिहरिस्सामाऽ”ति।
“Evaṁ kho me, bhante, ahosi: ‘bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito. Appossukko dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṁ anuyutto viharissati, ahañca dāni āyasmā ca sāriputto bhikkhusaṅghaṁ pariharissāmā’”ti.
“Sir, I thought this: ‘The Buddha has dismissed the bhikkhu Saṅgha. Now he will remain passive, dwelling in blissful meditation in the present life. Meanwhile, Venerable Sāriputta and I shall lead the bhikkhu Saṅgha.’”
“साधु साधु, मोग्गल्लान। अहं वा हि, मोग्गल्लान, भिक्खुसङ्घं परिहरेय्यं सारिपुत्तमोग्गल्लाना वा”ति।
“Sādhu sādhu, moggallāna. Ahaṁ vā hi, moggallāna, bhikkhusaṅghaṁ parihareyyaṁ sāriputtamoggallānā vā”ti.
“Good, good, Moggallāna! For either I should lead the bhikkhu Saṅgha, or else Sāriputta and Moggallāna.”
अथ खो भगवा भिक्खू आमन्तेसि:
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:
Then the Buddha said to the bhikkhus:
“चत्तारिमानि, भिक्खवे, भयानि उदकोरोहन्ते पाटिकङ्खितब्बानि। कतमानि चत्तारि? ऊमिभयं, कुम्भीलभयं, आवट्टभयं, सुसुकाभयं—इमानि, भिक्खवे, चत्तारि भयानि उदकोरोहन्ते पाटिकङ्खितब्बानि।
“cattārimāni, bhikkhave, bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Katamāni cattāri? Ūmibhayaṁ, kumbhīlabhayaṁ, āvaṭṭabhayaṁ, susukābhayaṁ—imāni, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni.
“Bhikkhus, when you go into the water you should anticipate four dangers. What four? The dangers of waves, marsh crocodiles, whirlpools, and gharials. These are the four dangers that anyone who enters the water should anticipate.
एवमेव खो, भिक्खवे, चत्तारिमानि भयानि इधेकच्चे पुग्गले इमस्मिं धम्मविनये अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजिते पाटिकङ्खितब्बानि। कतमानि चत्तारि? ऊमिभयं, कुम्भीलभयं, आवट्टभयं, सुसुकाभयं।
Evameva kho, bhikkhave, cattārimāni bhayāni idhekacce puggale imasmiṁ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Katamāni cattāri? Ūmibhayaṁ, kumbhīlabhayaṁ, āvaṭṭabhayaṁ, susukābhayaṁ.
In the same way, a gentleman who goes forth from the lay life to homelessness in this teaching and training should anticipate four dangers. What four? The dangers of waves, marsh crocodiles, whirlpools, and gharials.
कतमञ्च, भिक्खवे, ऊमिभयं? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो कुलपुत्तो सद्धा अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजितो होति: ‘ओतिण्णोम्हि जातिया जराय मरणेन सोकेहि परिदेवेहि दुक्खेहि दोमनस्सेहि उपायासेहि दुक्खोतिण्णो दुक्खपरेतो; अप्पेव नाम इमस्स केवलस्स दुक्खक्खन्धस्स अन्तकिरिया पञ्ञायेथाऽति। तमेनं तथा पब्बजितं समानं सब्रह्मचारी ओवदन्ति, अनुसासन्ति: ‘एवं ते अभिक्कमितब्बं, एवं ते पटिक्कमितब्बं, एवं ते आलोकितब्बं, एवं ते विलोकितब्बं, एवं ते समिञ्जितब्बं, एवं ते पसारितब्बं, एवं ते सङ्घाटिपत्तचीवरं धारेतब्बन्ऽति। तस्स एवं होति: ‘मयं खो पुब्बे अगारियभूता समाना अञ्ञे ओवदाम, अनुसासाम। इमे पनम्हाकं पुत्तमत्ता मञ्ञे, नत्तमत्ता मञ्ञे, अम्हे ओवदितब्बं अनुसासितब्बं मञ्ञन्तीऽति। सो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, ऊमिभयस्स भीतो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तो। ‘ऊमिभयन्ऽति खो, भिक्खवे, कोधुपायासस्सेतं अधिवचनं।
Katamañca, bhikkhave, ūmibhayaṁ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti: ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. Tamenaṁ tathā pabbajitaṁ samānaṁ sabrahmacārī ovadanti, anusāsanti: ‘evaṁ te abhikkamitabbaṁ, evaṁ te paṭikkamitabbaṁ, evaṁ te ālokitabbaṁ, evaṁ te vilokitabbaṁ, evaṁ te samiñjitabbaṁ, evaṁ te pasāritabbaṁ, evaṁ te saṅghāṭipattacīvaraṁ dhāretabban’ti. Tassa evaṁ hoti: ‘mayaṁ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā aññe ovadāma, anusāsāma. Ime panamhākaṁ puttamattā maññe, nattamattā maññe, amhe3 ovaditabbaṁ anusāsitabbaṁ maññantī’ti. So sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ūmibhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Ūmibhayan’ti kho, bhikkhave, kodhupāyāsassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.
And what, bhikkhus, is the danger of waves? It’s when a gentleman has gone forth from the lay life to homelessness, thinking: ‘I’m swamped by rebirth, old age, and death; by sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. I’m swamped by suffering, mired in suffering. Hopefully I can find an end to this entire mass of suffering.’ When they’ve gone forth, their spiritual companions advise and instruct them: ‘You should go out like this, and come back like that. You should look to the front like this, and to the side like that. You should contract your limbs like this, and extend them like that. This is how you should bear your outer robe, bowl, and robes.’ They think: ‘Formerly, as laypeople, we advised and instructed others. And now these bhikkhus—who you’d think were our children or grandchildren—imagine they can advise and instruct us!’ They resign the training and return to a lesser life. This is called one who resigns the training and returns to a lesser life because they’re afraid of the danger of waves. ‘Danger of waves’ is a term for anger and distress.
कतमञ्च, भिक्खवे, कुम्भीलभयं? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो कुलपुत्तो सद्धा अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजितो होति: ‘ओतिण्णोम्हि जातिया जराय मरणेन सोकेहि परिदेवेहि दुक्खेहि दोमनस्सेहि उपायासेहि दुक्खोतिण्णो दुक्खपरेतो; अप्पेव नाम इमस्स केवलस्स दुक्खक्खन्धस्स अन्तकिरिया पञ्ञायेथाऽति। तमेनं तथा पब्बजितं समानं सब्रह्मचारी ओवदन्ति अनुसासन्ति: ‘इदं ते खादितब्बं, इदं ते न खादितब्बं; इदं ते भुञ्जितब्बं, इदं ते न भुञ्जितब्बं; इदं ते सायितब्बं, इदं ते न सायितब्बं; इदं ते पातब्बं, इदं ते न पातब्बं; कप्पियं ते खादितब्बं, अकप्पियं ते न खादितब्बं; कप्पियं ते भुञ्जितब्बं, अकप्पियं ते न भुञ्जितब्बं; कप्पियं ते सायितब्बं, अकप्पियं ते न सायितब्बं; कप्पियं ते पातब्बं, अकप्पियं ते न पातब्बं; काले ते खादितब्बं, विकाले ते न खादितब्बं; काले ते भुञ्जितब्बं, विकाले ते न भुञ्जितब्बं; काले ते सायितब्बं, विकाले ते न सायितब्बं; काले ते पातब्बं, विकाले ते न पातब्बन्ऽति। तस्स एवं होति: ‘मयं खो पुब्बे अगारियभूता समाना यं इच्छाम तं खादाम, यं न इच्छाम न तं खादाम; यं इच्छाम तं भुञ्जाम, यं न इच्छाम न तं भुञ्जाम; यं इच्छाम तं सायाम, यं न इच्छाम न तं सायाम; यं इच्छाम तं पिवाम, यं न इच्छाम न तं पिवाम; कप्पियम्पि खादाम, अकप्पियम्पि खादाम; कप्पियम्पि भुञ्जाम, अकप्पियम्पि भुञ्जाम; कप्पियम्पि सायाम, अकप्पियम्पि सायाम; कप्पियम्पि पिवाम, अकप्पियम्पि पिवाम; कालेपि खादाम, विकालेपि खादाम; कालेपि भुञ्जाम विकालेपि भुञ्जाम; कालेपि सायाम, विकालेपि सायाम; कालेपि पिवाम, विकालेपि पिवाम। यम्पि नो सद्धा गहपतिका दिवा विकाले पणीतं खादनीयं भोजनीयं देन्ति तत्थपिमे मुखावरणं मञ्ञे करोन्तीऽति। सो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, कुम्भीलभयस्स भीतो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तो। ‘कुम्भीलभयन्ऽति खो, भिक्खवे, ओदरिकत्तस्सेतं अधिवचनं।
Katamañca, bhikkhave, kumbhīlabhayaṁ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti: ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. Tamenaṁ tathā pabbajitaṁ samānaṁ sabrahmacārī ovadanti anusāsanti: ‘idaṁ te khāditabbaṁ, idaṁ te na khāditabbaṁ; idaṁ te bhuñjitabbaṁ, idaṁ te na bhuñjitabbaṁ; idaṁ te sāyitabbaṁ, idaṁ te na sāyitabbaṁ; idaṁ te pātabbaṁ, idaṁ te na pātabbaṁ; kappiyaṁ te khāditabbaṁ, akappiyaṁ te na khāditabbaṁ; kappiyaṁ te bhuñjitabbaṁ, akappiyaṁ te na bhuñjitabbaṁ; kappiyaṁ te sāyitabbaṁ, akappiyaṁ te na sāyitabbaṁ; kappiyaṁ te pātabbaṁ, akappiyaṁ te na pātabbaṁ; kāle te khāditabbaṁ, vikāle te na khāditabbaṁ; kāle te bhuñjitabbaṁ, vikāle te na bhuñjitabbaṁ; kāle te sāyitabbaṁ, vikāle te na sāyitabbaṁ; kāle te pātabbaṁ, vikāle te na pātabban’ti. Tassa evaṁ hoti: ‘mayaṁ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā yaṁ icchāma taṁ khādāma, yaṁ na icchāma na taṁ khādāma; yaṁ icchāma taṁ bhuñjāma, yaṁ na icchāma na taṁ bhuñjāma; yaṁ icchāma taṁ sāyāma, yaṁ na icchāma na taṁ sāyāma; yaṁ icchāma taṁ pivāma, yaṁ na icchāma na taṁ pivāma; kappiyampi khādāma, akappiyampi khādāma; kappiyampi bhuñjāma, akappiyampi bhuñjāma; kappiyampi sāyāma, akappiyampi sāyāma; kappiyampi pivāma, akappiyampi pivāma; kālepi khādāma, vikālepi khādāma; kālepi bhuñjāma vikālepi bhuñjāma; kālepi sāyāma, vikālepi sāyāma; kālepi pivāma, vikālepi pivāma. Yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ denti tatthapime mukhāvaraṇaṁ maññe karontī’ti. So sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kumbhīlabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Kumbhīlabhayan’ti kho, bhikkhave, odarikattassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.
And what, bhikkhus, is the danger of marsh crocodiles? It’s when a gentleman has gone forth from the lay life to homelessness, thinking: ‘I’m swamped by rebirth, old age, and death; by sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. I’m swamped by suffering, mired in suffering. Hopefully I can find an end to this entire mass of suffering.’ When they’ve gone forth, their spiritual companions advise and instruct them: ‘You may eat, consume, taste, and drink these things, but not those. You may eat what’s allowable, but not what’s unallowable. You may eat at the right time, but not at the wrong time.’ They think: ‘Formerly, as laypeople, we used to eat, consume, taste, and drink what we wanted, not what we didn’t want. We ate and drank both allowable and unallowable things, at the right time and the wrong time. And these faithful householders give us delicious fresh and cooked foods at the wrong time of day. But these bhikkhus imagine they can gag our mouths!’ They resign the training and return to a lesser life. This is called one who resigns the training and returns to a lesser life because they’re afraid of the danger of marsh crocodiles. ‘Danger of marsh crocodiles’ is a term for gluttony.
कतमञ्च, भिक्खवे, आवट्टभयं? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो कुलपुत्तो सद्धा अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजितो होति: ‘ओतिण्णोम्हि जातिया जराय मरणेन सोकेहि परिदेवेहि दुक्खेहि दोमनस्सेहि उपायासेहि दुक्खोतिण्णो दुक्खपरेतो; अप्पेव नाम इमस्स केवलस्स दुक्खक्खन्धस्स अन्तकिरिया पञ्ञायेथाऽति। सो एवं पब्बजितो समानो पुब्बण्हसमयं निवासेत्वा पत्तचीवरमादाय गामं वा निगमं वा पिण्डाय पविसति। अरक्खितेनेव कायेन अरक्खिताय वाचाय अनुपट्ठिताय सतिया असंवुतेहि इन्द्रियेहि सो तत्थ पस्सति गहपतिं वा गहपतिपुत्तं वा पञ्चहि कामगुणेहि समप्पितं समङ्गीभूतं परिचारयमानं। तस्स एवं होति: ‘मयं खो पुब्बे अगारियभूता समाना पञ्चहि कामगुणेहि समप्पिता समङ्गीभूता परिचारिम्हा। संविज्जन्ति खो पन मे कुले भोगा। सक्का भोगे च भुञ्जितुं पुञ्ञानि च कातुन्ऽति। सो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, आवट्टभयस्स भीतो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तो। ‘आवट्टभयन्ऽति खो, भिक्खवे, पञ्चन्नेतं कामगुणानं अधिवचनं।
Katamañca, bhikkhave, āvaṭṭabhayaṁ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti: ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. So evaṁ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ. Tassa evaṁ hoti: ‘mayaṁ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārimhā. Saṁvijjanti kho pana me kule4 bhogā. Sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṁ puññāni ca kātun’ti. So sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, āvaṭṭabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Āvaṭṭabhayan’ti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṁ kāmaguṇānaṁ adhivacanaṁ.
And what, bhikkhus, is the danger of whirlpools? It’s when a gentleman has gone forth from the lay life to homelessness, thinking: ‘I’m swamped by rebirth, old age, and death; by sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. I’m swamped by suffering, mired in suffering. Hopefully I can find an end to this entire mass of suffering.’ When they’ve gone forth, they robe up in the morning and, taking their bowl and robe, enter a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. There they see a householder or their child amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation. They think: ‘Formerly, as laypeople, we amused ourselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation. And it’s true that my family is wealthy. I can both enjoy my wealth and make merit.’ They resign the training and return to a lesser life. This is called one who resigns the training and returns to a lesser life because they’re afraid of the danger of whirlpools. ‘Danger of whirlpools’ is a term for the five kinds of sensual stimulation.
कतमञ्च, भिक्खवे, सुसुकाभयं? इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चो कुलपुत्तो सद्धा अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजितो होति: ‘ओतिण्णोम्हि जातिया जराय मरणेन सोकेहि परिदेवेहि दुक्खेहि दोमनस्सेहि उपायासेहि दुक्खोतिण्णो दुक्खपरेतो; अप्पेव नाम इमस्स केवलस्स दुक्खक्खन्धस्स अन्तकिरिया पञ्ञायेथाऽति। सो एवं पब्बजितो समानो पुब्बण्हसमयं निवासेत्वा पत्तचीवरमादाय गामं वा निगमं वा पिण्डाय पविसति। अरक्खितेनेव कायेन अरक्खिताय वाचाय अनुपट्ठिताय सतिया असंवुतेहि इन्द्रियेहि सो तत्थ पस्सति मातुगामं दुन्निवत्थं वा दुप्पारुतं वा। तस्स मातुगामं दिस्वा दुन्निवत्थं वा दुप्पारुतं वा रागो चित्तं अनुद्धंसेति। सो रागानुद्धंसेन चित्तेन सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तति। अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, सुसुकाभयस्स भीतो सिक्खं पच्चक्खाय हीनायावत्तो। ‘सुसुकाभयन्ऽति खो, भिक्खवे, मातुगामस्सेतं अधिवचनं।
Katamañca, bhikkhave, susukābhayaṁ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti: ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. So evaṁ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati mātugāmaṁ dunnivatthaṁ vā duppārutaṁ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṁ disvā dunnivatthaṁ vā duppārutaṁ vā rāgo cittaṁ anuddhaṁseti. So rāgānuddhaṁsena cittena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, susukābhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Susukābhayan’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.
And what, bhikkhus, is the danger of gharials? It’s when a gentleman has gone forth from the lay life to homelessness, thinking: ‘I’m swamped by rebirth, old age, and death; by sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. I’m swamped by suffering, mired in suffering. Hopefully I can find an end to this entire mass of suffering.’ When they’ve gone forth, they robe up in the morning and, taking their bowl and robe, enter a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. There they see a female scantily clad, with revealing clothes. Lust infects their mind, so they resign the training and return to a lesser life. This is called one who resigns the training and returns to a lesser life because they’re afraid of the danger of gharials. ‘Danger of gharials’ is a term for females.
इमानि खो, भिक्खवे, चत्तारि भयानि, इधेकच्चे पुग्गले इमस्मिं धम्मविनये अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजिते पाटिकङ्खितब्बानी”ति।
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni, idhekacce puggale imasmiṁ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbānī”ti.
These are the four dangers that a gentleman who goes forth from the lay life to homelessness in this teaching and training should anticipate.”
इदमवोच भगवा। अत्तमना ते भिक्खू भगवतो भासितं अभिनन्दुन्ति।
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
That is what the Buddha said. Satisfied, the bhikkhus approved what the Buddha said.
चातुमसुत्तं निट्ठितं सत्तमं।
Cātumasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Majjhima Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
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