Library / English Dictionary

CHEMIST

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

A scientist who specializes in chemistry

Classified under:

Nouns denoting people

Hypernyms ("chemist" is a kind of...):

scientist (a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences)

Domain category:

chemical science; chemistry (the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "chemist"):

biochemist (someone with special training in biochemistry)

nuclear chemist; radiochemist (a chemist who specializes in nuclear chemistry)

phytochemist (a chemist who specializes in the chemistry of plants)

Instance hyponyms:

Joseph Priestley; Priestley (English chemist who isolated many gases and discovered oxygen (independently of Scheele) (1733-1804))

Linus Carl Pauling; Linus Pauling; Pauling (United States chemist who studied the nature of chemical bonding (1901-1994))

Louis Pasteur; Pasteur (French chemist and biologist whose discovery that fermentation is caused by microorganisms resulted in the process of pasteurization (1822-1895))

Ostwald; Wilhelm Ostwald (German chemist (1853-1932))

Lars Onsager; Onsager (United States chemist (born in Norway) noted for his work in thermodynamics (1903-1976))

Norrish; Ronald George Wreyford Norrish (English chemist (1897-1978))

Alfred Bernhard Nobel; Alfred Nobel; Nobel (Swedish chemist remembered for his invention of dynamite and for the bequest that created the Nobel prizes (1833-1896))

Nernst; Walther Hermann Nernst (German physicist and chemist who formulated the third law of thermodynamics (1864-1941))

Giulio Natta; Natta (Italian chemist noted for work on polymers (1903-1979))

Muller; Paul Hermann Muller (Swiss chemist who synthesized DDT and discovered its use as an insecticide (1899-1965))

Carl Gustaf Mossander; Mosander (Swedish chemist who discovered rare earth elements (1797-1858))

E. W. Morley; Edward Morley; Edward Williams Morley; Morley (United States chemist and physicist who collaborated with Michelson in the Michelson-Morley experiment (1838-1923))

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev; Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleyev; Dmitri Mendeleev; Dmitri Mendeleyev; Mendeleev; Mendeleyev (Russian chemist who developed a periodic table of the chemical elements and predicted the discovery of several new elements (1834-1907))

Lipscomb; William Nunn Lipscom Jr. (United States chemist noted for his theories of molecular structure (born in 1919))

Libby; Willard Frank Libby (United States chemist who developed a method of radiocarbon dating (1908-1980))

Henry le Chatelier; le Chatelier (French chemist who formulated Le Chatelier's principle (1850-1936))

Antoine Laurent Lavoisier; Antoine Lavoisier; Lavoisier (French chemist known as the father of modern chemistry; discovered oxygen and disproved the theory of phlogiston (1743-1794))

Irving Langmuir; Langmuir (United States chemist who studied surface chemistry and developed the gas-filled tungsten lamp and worked on high temperature electrical discharges (1881-1957))

Richard Adolph Zsigmondy; Zsigmondy (German chemist (born in Austria) honored for his research on colloidal solutions (1865-1929))

Karl Waldemar Ziegler; Ziegler (German chemist honored for his research on polymers (1898-1973))

Bob Woodward; Robert Burns Woodward; Robert Woodward; Woodward (United States chemist honored for synthesizing complex organic compounds (1917-1979))

William Hyde Wollaston; Wollaston (English chemist and physicist who discovered palladium and rhodium and demonstrated that static and current electricity are the same (1766-1828))

Adolf Windaus; Windaus (German chemist who studied steroids and cholesterol and discovered histamine (1876-1959))

Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson; Wilkinson (English chemist honored for his research on pollutants in car exhausts (born in 1921))

Harold Clayton Urey; Harold Urey; Urey (United States chemist who discovered deuterium (1893-1981))

Lord Todd; Sir Alexander Robertus Todd; Todd (Scottish chemist noted for his research into the structure of nucleic acids (born in 1907))

Soren Peter Lauritz Sorensen; Sorensen (Danish chemist who devised the pH scale (1868-1939))

Ernest Solvay; Solvay (Belgian chemist who developed the Solvay process and built factories exploiting it (1838-1922))

Frederick Soddy; Soddy (English chemist whose work on radioactive disintegration led to the discovery of isotopes (1877-1956))

Richard E. Smalley; Richard Errett Smalley; Richard Smalley; Smalley (American chemist who with Robert Curl and Harold Kroto discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1943))

Glenn T. Seaborg; Glenn Theodore Seaborg; Seaborg (United States chemist who was one of the discoverers of plutonium (1912-1999))

Christian Friedrich Schonbein; Christian Schonbein; Schonbein (German chemist who discovered ozone and developed guncotton as a propellant in firearms (1799-1868))

Karl Scheele; Karl Wilhelm Scheele; Scheele (Swedish chemist (born in Germany) who discovered oxygen before Priestley did (1742-1786))

Daniel Rutherford; Rutherford (British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749-1819))

Robert Robinson; Robinson; Sir Robert Robinson (English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975))

Richard J. Roberts; Richard John Roberts; Roberts (United States biochemist (born in England) honored for his discovery that some genes contain introns (born in 1943))

Reichstein; Tadeus Reichstein (a Swiss chemist born in Poland; studied the hormones of the adrenal cortex)

Faraday; Michael Faraday (the English physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction (1791-1867))

Erlenmeyer; Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer (German chemist (1825-1909))

Eigen; Manfred Eigen (German chemist who did research on high-speed chemical reactions (born in 1927))

Dewar; Sir James Dewar (Scottish chemist and physicist noted for his work in cryogenics and his invention of the Dewar flask (1842-1923))

Davy; Humphrey Davy; Sir Humphrey Davy (English chemist who was a pioneer in electrochemistry and who used it to isolate elements sodium and potassium and barium and boron and calcium and magnesium and chlorine (1778-1829))

Dalton; John Dalton (English chemist and physicist who formulated atomic theory and the law of partial pressures; gave the first description of red-green color blindness (1766-1844))

Curl; Robert Curl; Robert F. Curl; Robert Floyd Curl Jr. (American chemist who with Richard Smalley and Harold Kroto discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1933))

Curie; Madame Curie; Marie Curie; Marya Sklodowska (French chemist (born in Poland) who won two Nobel prizes; one (with her husband and Henri Becquerel) for research on radioactivity and another for her discovery of radium and polonium (1867-1934))

Crookes; Sir William Crookes; William Crookes (English chemist and physicist; discovered thallium; invented the radiometer and studied cathode rays (1832-1919))

Cavendish; Henry Cavendish (British chemist and physicist who established that water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen and who calculated the density of the earth (1731-1810))

Carver; George Washington Carver (United States botanist and agricultural chemist who developed many uses for peanuts and soy beans and sweet potatoes (1864-1943))

Carothers; Wallace Carothers; Wallace Hume Carothers (United States chemist who developed nylon (1896-1937))

Calvin; Melvin Calvin (United States chemist noted for discovering the series of chemical reactions in photosynthesis (1911-))

Bunsen; Robert Bunsen; Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (German chemist who with Kirchhoff pioneered spectrum analysis but is remembered mainly for his invention of the Bunsen burner (1811-1899))

Buchner; Eduard Buchner (German organic chemist who studied alcoholic fermentation and discovered zymase (1860-1917))

Boyle; Robert Boyle (Irish chemist who established that air has weight and whose definitions of chemical elements and chemical reactions helped to dissociate chemistry from alchemy (1627-1691))

Black; Joseph Black (British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799))

Berzelius; Jons Jakob Berzelius (Swedish chemist who discovered three new elements and determined the atomic weights of many others (1779-1848))

Arrhenius; Svante August Arrhenius (Swedish chemist and physicist noted for his theory of chemical dissociation (1859-1927))

Kuhn; Richard Kuhn (Austrian chemist who did research on carotenoids and vitamins (1900-1967))

Harold Kroto; Harold W. Kroto; Kroto; Sir Harold Walter Kroto (British chemist who with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1939))

Klaproth; Martin Heinrich Klaproth (German chemist who pioneered analytical chemistry and discovered three new elements (1743-1817))

Friedrich August Kekule; Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz; Kekule (German chemist remembered for his discovery of the ring structure of benzene (1829-1896))

August Wilhelm von Hoffmann; Hoffmann (German chemist (1818-1892))

Hoffmann; Roald Hoffmann (United States chemist (born in Poland) who used quantum mechanics to understand chemical reactions (born in 1937))

Dorothy Hodgkin; Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin; Hodgkin (English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994))

Heyrovsky; Joroslav Heyrovsky (Czechoslovakian chemist who developed polarography (1890-1967))

George Charles Hevesy de Hevesy; Hevesy (Hungarian chemist who studied radioisotopes and was one of the discoverers of the element hafnium (1885-1966))

Henry; William Henry (English chemist who studied the quantities of gas absorbed by water at different temperatures and under different pressures (1775-1836))

Hassel; Odd Hassel (Norwegian chemist noted for his research on organic molecules (1897-1981))

Charles Martin Hall; Hall (United States chemist who developed an economical method of producing aluminum from bauxite (1863-1914))

Hahn; Otto Hahn (German chemist who was co-discoverer with Lise Meitner of nuclear fission (1879-1968))

Fritz Haber; Haber (German chemist noted for the synthetic production of ammonia from the nitrogen in air (1868-1934))

Gibbs; Josiah Willard Gibbs (United States chemist (1839-1903))

Gay-Lussac; Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (French chemist and physicist who first isolated boron and who formulated the law describing the behavior of gases under constant pressure (1778-1850))

Flory; Paul John Flory (United States chemist who developed methods for studying long-chain molecules (1910-1985))

Fischer; Hans Fischer (German chemist noted for his synthesis of hemin (1881-1945))

Emil Hermann Fischer; Fischer (German chemist noted for work on synthetic sugars and the purines (1852-1919))

Derivation:

chemistry (the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions)

Sense 2

Meaning:

A health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs

Synonyms:

apothecary; chemist; druggist; pharmacist; pill pusher; pill roller

Classified under:

Nouns denoting people

Hypernyms ("chemist" is a kind of...):

caregiver; health care provider; health professional; PCP; primary care provider (a person who helps in identifying or preventing or treating illness or disability)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "chemist"):

pharmaceutical chemist; pharmacologist (someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects))

Derivation:

chemistry (the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions)

Credits

 Context examples: 

Benoit Louppe is a chemist technician specialised in the study of these electromagnetic waves.

(Health threats caused by mobile phone radiation, EUROPARL TV)

If he wanted to be a chemist, culture would be unnecessary.

(Martin Eden, by Jack London)

At those small scales, according to University of Utah chemist and study co-author Valeria Molinero, the transition between ice and water gets a little fuzzy.

(Scientists probe the limits of ice, National Science Foundation)

On one portion of the amber, the tail is exposed, allowing chemists to analyze it.

(Dinosaur Tail Found in Myanmar, VOA News)

A new study by chemists at the University of Arkansas shows that X-ray crystallography, the standard method for determining the structure of proteins, may provide inaccurate information about a critical set of proteins — those found in cell membranes — which in turn could be leading to poor and inefficient drug design.

(Study shows limitations of method for determining protein structure, National Science Foundation)

Well, sir, every day, ay, and twice and thrice in the same day, there have been orders and complaints, and I have been sent flying to all the wholesale chemists in town.

(The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde, by Robert Louis Stevenson)

But, as to reading them after I had got them, I might as well have copied the Chinese inscriptions of an immense collection of tea-chests, or the golden characters on all the great red and green bottles in the chemists' shops!

(David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens)

I listened to his statement, which was delivered without any presumption or affectation, and then added that his lecture had removed my prejudices against modern chemists; I expressed myself in measured terms, with the modesty and deference due from a youth to his instructor, without letting escape (inexperience in life would have made me ashamed) any of the enthusiasm which stimulated my intended labours.

(Frankenstein, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley)

The powders were neatly enough made up, but not with the nicety of the dispensing chemist; so that it was plain they were of Jekyll’s private manufacture; and when I opened one of the wrappers I found what seemed to me a simple crystalline salt of a white colour.

(The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde, by Robert Louis Stevenson)

I am of this opinion, because, while I was reading the newspaper, I observed him behind a low wooden partition, which was his private apartment, very busy pouring out of a number of those vessels into one, like a chemist and druggist making up a prescription.

(David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens)