Library / English Dictionary

COENZYME

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

A small molecule (not a protein but sometimes a vitamin) essential for the activity of some enzymes

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Hypernyms ("coenzyme" is a kind of...):

molecule ((physics and chemistry) the simplest structural unit of an element or compound)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "coenzyme"):

cocarboxylase; thiamine pyrophosphate (a coenzyme important in respiration in the Krebs cycle)

coenzyme A (a coenzyme present in all living cells; essential to metabolism of carbohydrates and fats and some amino acids)

NAD; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; serves as a reductant in various metabolic processes)

NADP; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (a coenzyme similar to NAD and present in most living cells but serves as a reductant in different metabolic processes)

triphosphopyridine nucleotide (a coenzyme of several enzymes)

coenzyme Q; ubiquinone (any of several quinones found in living cells and that function as coenzymes that transfer electrons from one molecule to another in cell respiration)

Credits

 Context examples: 

Vitamin B5 is a component of coenzyme A (CoA) and a part of the vitamin B2 complex.

(Pantothenic acid, NCI Thesaurus)

Water-soluble vitamin that is a component of coenzyme A and phosphopantetheine, which are involved in fatty acid metabolism.

(Pantothenic acid, NCI Thesaurus/CRCH)

Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2 (681 aa, ~77 kDa) is encoded by the human ACOX2 gene.

(Peroxisomal Acyl-Coenzyme A Oxidase 2, NCI Thesaurus)

The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

(Niacinamide, NCI Thesaurus)

Water-soluble vitamin that is a cosubstrate or coenzyme with numerous dehydrogenases for the transfer of the hydride ion.

(Niacin, NCI Thesaurus/CRCH)

Niacin is converted to its active form niacinamide, which is a component of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphate form, NADP.

(Niacin, NCI Thesaurus)

It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP.

(Niacin, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)

Colestolone targets sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) which reduces the transcription of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) gene, the rate-limiting enzyme in the sterol pathway.

(Colestolone, NCI Thesaurus)

Also called coenzyme Q10, Q10, ubiquinone, and vitamin Q10.

(CoQ10, NCI Dictionary)

A genetic disorder characterized by deficiency of the enzyme short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase that metabolizes short-chain fatty acids.

(Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Short-Chain Deficiency, NCI Thesaurus)