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CYTOLYTIC
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (adjective)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Of or relating to cytolysis, the dissolution or destruction of a cell
Classified under:
Relational adjectives (pertainyms)
Pertainym:
cytolysis (pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane)
Derivation:
cytolysis (pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane)
Context examples:
To this end, they examined data on “cytolytic activity,” or a genetic profile that shows cancer cells are responding to T cells, in more than 11,000 patient tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas.
(A new study identifies essential genes for cancer immunotherapy, National Institutes of Health)
Any of the serum proteins that interact with antigen antibody complex to produce cytolytic, chemotaxic, anaphylactic, and other effects.
(Complement Component Protein, NCI Thesaurus)
CD27, a co-stimulatory molecule and member of the tumor necrosis factor family overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, is constitutively expressed on mature T-lymphocytes, memory B cells and natural killer cells and plays an important role in NK cell mediated cytolytic activity and T and B lymphocyte proliferation and activation.
(Anti-CD27 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1127, NCI Thesaurus)
Denenicokin binds to and activates IL-21 receptors, expressed on T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DC), and natural killer (NK) cells, modulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of T and B cells, promoting T cell survival, and increasing the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells.
(Denenicokin, NCI Thesaurus)
Dr. Schnabl and his colleagues then investigated the therapeutic potential of bacteria-killing viruses known as bacteriophages that specifically target cytolytic E. faecalis.
(Bacteriophage therapy may ease severity of alcoholic hepatitis, National Institutes of Health)
They found that a number of the genes identified in the CRISPR screen as being necessary for tumor cells to respond to T cells were indeed associated with tumor cytolytic activity in patient samples.
(A new study identifies essential genes for cancer immunotherapy, National Institutes of Health)
In another series of experiments, the researchers studied mice that had been transplanted with feces from the intestines of people with alcoholic hepatitis and that contained cytolytic E. faecalis.
(Bacteriophage therapy may ease severity of alcoholic hepatitis, National Institutes of Health)
Using a mouse model of alcohol-associated liver disease, mice were transplanted with stool from cytolysin-positive alcoholic hepatitis patients and treated with a cocktail of bacteriophages targeting the cytolytic E. faecalis strains.
(Bacteriophage therapy may ease severity of alcoholic hepatitis, National Institutes of Health)
The researchers found that mice treated with bacteriophages that target cytolytic E. faecalis had less liver injury and inflammation compared to controls.
(Bacteriophage therapy may ease severity of alcoholic hepatitis, National Institutes of Health)
Taken together, our findings link cytolytic E. faecalis with worse clinical outcomes and mortality in humans with alcoholic hepatitis, and that bacteriophages can specifically target cytolytic E. faecalis in a mouse model of alcohol-induced liver disease, said Dr. Schnabl.
(Bacteriophage therapy may ease severity of alcoholic hepatitis, National Institutes of Health)
