Library / English Dictionary

CYTOSINE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

A base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine

Synonyms:

C; cytosine

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Hypernyms ("cytosine" is a kind of...):

pyrimidine (any of several basic compounds derived from pyrimidine)

Holonyms ("cytosine" is a substance of...):

deoxyribonucleic acid; desoxyribonucleic acid; DNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information)

ribonucleic acid; RNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell)

Credits

 Context examples: 

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B (853 aa, ~96 kDa) is encoded by the human DNMT3B gene.

(DNA (Cytosine-5)-Methyltransferase 3B, NCI Thesaurus)

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A protein (909 aa, ~102 kDa) is encoded by the human DNMT3A gene.

(DNA (Cytosine-5)-Methyltransferase 3A, NCI Thesaurus)

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 protein (1613 aa, ~183 kDa) is encoded by the human DNMT1 gene.

(DNA (Cytosine-5)-Methyltransferase 1, NCI Thesaurus)

DNA Synthesis is the polymeric linkage of deoxyribose moieties (with adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine side chains) by phosphate groups attached to their 5-prime and 3-prime sugar hydroxyls.

(DNA Synthesis, NCI Thesaurus)

Mutation of the gene is associated with decreased sensitivity to the cytosine arabinoside that is used in the treatment of certain childhood leukemias.

(CDA wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

Then, the amplified DNA is treated with bisulfite twice under denaturing conditions, which converts non-methylated cytosine residues to uracil.

(MethylC-Seq, NCI Thesaurus)

This agent is also incorporated into RNA, thereby disrupting normal RNA function and impairing tRNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase activity.

(Azacitidine, NCI Thesaurus)

This technique subjects samples to both bisulfite treatment to modify unmethylated cytosines and GpC methyltransferase treatment to identify non-nucleosomal DNA regions.

(NOMe-Seq, NCI Thesaurus)

DNA is a long molecule made by stringing 4 chemical bases together: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

(Expanding the Genetic Alphabet, NIH)

A recombinant anaerobic bacterium, Bifidobacterium longum, encoding the cytosine deaminase (CD) gene with potential antineoplastic adjuvant activity.

(CD-expressing Bifidobacterium APS001F, NCI Thesaurus)