| Learning / English Dictionary |
DEPRESSION
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Pushing down
Example:
depression of the space bar on the typewriter
Classified under:
Nouns denoting acts or actions
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
push; pushing (the act of applying force in order to move something away)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "depression"):
click; mouse click (depression of a button on a computer mouse)
Derivation:
depress (press down)
Sense 2
Meaning:
Sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy
Classified under:
Nouns denoting feelings and emotions
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
sadness; unhappiness (emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "depression"):
demoralisation; demoralization (depression resulting from an undermining of your morale)
helplessness (a feeling of being unable to manage)
despondence; despondency; disconsolateness; heartsickness (feeling downcast and disheartened and hopeless)
oppression; oppressiveness (a feeling of being oppressed)
dysphoria (abnormal depression and discontent)
Sense 3
Meaning:
A sunken or depressed geological formation
Synonyms:
depression; natural depression
Classified under:
Nouns denoting natural objects (not man-made)
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
formation; geological formation ((geology) the geological features of the earth)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "depression"):
vale; valley (a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river)
trough (a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed))
deep; oceanic abyss; trench (a long steep-sided depression in the ocean floor)
sink; sinkhole; swallow hole (a depression in the ground communicating with a subterranean passage (especially in limestone) and formed by solution or by collapse of a cavern roof)
lowland (low level country)
hole; hollow (a depression hollowed out of solid matter)
crater (a bowl-shaped depression formed by the impact of a meteorite or bomb)
bed; bottom (a depression forming the ground under a body of water)
basin (a natural depression in the surface of the land often with a lake at the bottom of it)
Sense 4
Meaning:
Angular distance below the horizon (especially of a celestial object)
Classified under:
Nouns denoting relations between people or things or ideas
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
angular position (relation by which any position with respect to any other position is established)
Sense 5
Meaning:
A concavity in a surface produced by pressing
Example:
he left the impression of his fingers in the soft mud
Synonyms:
depression; impression; imprint
Classified under:
Nouns denoting two and three dimensional shapes
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
concave shape; concavity; incurvation; incurvature (a shape that curves or bends inward)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "depression"):
chap; crack; cranny; crevice; fissure (a long narrow depression in a surface)
crease; crinkle; furrow; line; seam; wrinkle (a slight depression or fold in the smoothness of a surface)
droop; sag (a shape that sags)
dent; incision; prick; scratch; slit (a depression scratched or carved into a surface)
dip (a depression in an otherwise level surface)
dimple (any slight depression in a surface)
channel; groove (a long narrow furrow cut either by a natural process (such as erosion) or by a tool (as e.g. a groove in a phonograph record))
dimple (a small natural hollow in the cheek or chin)
Sense 6
Meaning:
A state of depression and anhedonia so severe as to require clinical intervention
Synonyms:
clinical depression; depression; depressive disorder
Classified under:
Nouns denoting stable states of affairs
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
affective disorder; emotional disorder; emotional disturbance; major affective disorder (any mental disorder not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain and in which a major disturbance of emotions is predominant)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "depression"):
retarded depression (a state of clinical depression in which the individual is lethargic and slow to initiate action)
psychotic depression (a state of depression so severe that the person loses contact with reality and suffers a variety of functional impairments)
neurotic depression (a term used for any state of depression that is not psychotic)
major depressive episode ((psychiatry) a state of depression with all the classic symptoms (anhedonia and lethargy and sleep disturbance and despondency and morbid thoughts and feelings of worthlessness and sometimes attempted suicide) but with no known organic dysfunction)
exogenous depression; reactive depression (an inappropriate state of depression that is precipitated by events in the person's life (to be distinguished from normal grief))
endogenous depression (a state of depression for which there is no apparent precipitating cause)
dysthymia; dysthymic depression (mild chronic depression)
anaclitic depression (severe and progressive depression in infants who lose their mother and do not get a suitable substitute)
agitated depression (a state of clinical depression in which the person exhibits irritability and restlessness)
Sense 7
Meaning:
A mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity
Classified under:
Nouns denoting stable states of affairs
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
mental condition; mental state; psychological condition; psychological state ((psychology) a mental condition in which the qualities of a state are relatively constant even though the state itself may be dynamic)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "depression"):
melancholia (extreme depression characterized by tearful sadness and irrational fears)
blue devils; blues; megrims; vapors; vapours (a state of depression)
blue funk; funk (a state of nervous depression)
melancholy (a constitutional tendency to be gloomy and depressed)
slough of despond ((formal) extreme depression)
low spirits (a state of mild depression)
dejection (a state of melancholy depression)
Antonym:
elation (an exhilarating psychological state of pride and optimism; an absence of depression)
Sense 8
Meaning:
A long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment
Synonyms:
depression; economic crisis; slump
Classified under:
Nouns denoting stable states of affairs
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
crisis (an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty)
economic condition (the condition of the economy)
Instance hyponyms:
Great Depression (the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s)
Sense 9
Meaning:
An air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation
Example:
a low moved in over night bringing sleet and snow
Synonyms:
depression; low
Classified under:
Nouns denoting stable states of affairs
Hypernyms ("depression" is a kind of...):
air mass (a large body of air with uniform characteristics horizontally)
Holonyms ("depression" is a part of...):
cyclone ((meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low pressure center; circling counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern)
Sense 10
Meaning:
A period during the 1930s when there was a worldwide economic depression and mass unemployment
Synonyms:
Depression; Great Depression
Classified under:
Nouns denoting time and temporal relations
Instance hypernyms:
age; historic period (an era of history having some distinctive feature)
Context examples:
In fact, men living in the most deprived areas were 51% more likely to experience depression than those living in areas that were not deprived.
(Depression - men far more at risk than women in deprived areas, University of Cambridge)
Test codes of questionnaire questions associated with the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF) for the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Standard Data Tabulation Model (SDTM).
(CDISC Questionnaire GDS-SF Test Code Terminology, NCI Thesaurus)
For patients who presented with suicidal ideation, a comorbid diagnosis of depression was found to be associated with increased suicide risk.
(Emergency department study reveals patterns of patients at increased risk for suicide, National Institutes of Health)
A drug used to treat depression.
(Antidepressant, NCI Dictionary)
Antidepressants are medicines that treat depression.
(Antidepressants, NIH: National Institute of Mental Health)
Smoking, lack of physical activity, and depression are other risk factors.
(Cardiac Rehabilitation, NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)
Calcium binds in a cup-shaped depression formed by the N- and C-terminal loops of the C2-key motif.
(C2 Domain, NCI Thesaurus)
Test codes of questionnaire questions associated with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) for the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Standard Data Tabulation Model (SDTM).
(CDISC Questionnaire GDS Test Code Terminology, NCI Thesaurus)
Test names of questionnaire questions associated with the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF) for the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Standard Data Tabulation Model (SDTM).
(CDISC Questionnaire GDS-SF Test Name Terminology, NCI Thesaurus)
Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form test code.
(CDISC Questionnaire GDS-SF Test Code Terminology, NCI Thesaurus/CDISC)
