Dibbacakkhuñāṇakathā

13.Soevaṃ…pe… cutūpapātañāṇāyāti cutiyā ca upapāte ca ñāṇāya; yena ñāṇena sattānaṃ cuti ca upapāto ca ñāyati, tadatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. Cittaṃ abhininnāmesinti parikammacittaṃ nīhariṃ. So dibbena…pe… passāmīti ettha pana pūritapāramīnaṃ mahāsattānaṃ parikammakaraṇaṃ natthi. Te hi citte abhininnāmitamatte eva dibbena cakkhunā satte passanti, ādikammikakulaputtā pana parikammaṃ katvā. Tasmā tesaṃ vasena parikammaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā. Taṃ pana vuccamānaṃ atibhāriyaṃ vinayanidānaṃ karoti; tasmā taṃ na vadāma. Atthikehi pana visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.411) vuttanayena gahetabbaṃ. Idha pana pāḷimeva vaṇṇayissāma.

Soti so ahaṃ. Dibbenātiādīsu dibbasadisattā dibbaṃ. Devatānañhi sucaritakammanibbattaṃ pittasemharuhirādīhi apalibuddhaṃ upakkilesavinimuttatāya dūrepi ārammaṇasampaṭicchanasamatthaṃ dibbaṃ pasādacakkhu hoti. Idañcāpi vīriyabhāvanābalanibbattaṃ ñāṇacakkhu tādisamevāti dibbasadisattā dibbaṃ, dibbavihāravasena paṭiladdhattā attanā ca dibbavihārasannissitattāpi dibbaṃ, ālokapariggahena mahājutikattāpi dibbaṃ, tirokuṭṭādigatarūpadassanena mahāgatikattāpi dibbaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ saddasatthānusārena veditabbaṃ. Dassanaṭṭhena cakkhu. Cakkhukiccakaraṇena cakkhumivātipi cakkhu. Cutūpapātadassanena diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā visuddhaṃ. Yo hi cutimattameva passati na upapātaṃ, so ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Yo upapātamattameva passati na cutiṃ, so navasattapātubhāvadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti. Yo pana tadubhayaṃ passati, so yasmā duvidhampi taṃ diṭṭhigataṃ ativattati, tasmāssa taṃ dassanaṃ diṭṭhivisuddhihetu hoti. Tadubhayañca bhagavā addasa. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘cutūpapātadassanena diṭṭhivisuddhihetuttā visuddha’’nti.

Ekādasaupakkilesavirahato vā visuddhaṃ. Bhagavato hi ekādasapakkilesavirahitaṃ dibbacakkhu. Yathāha – ‘‘so kho ahaṃ, anuruddha, ‘vicikicchā cittassa upakkileso’ti iti viditvā vicikicchaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahiṃ. Amanasikāro…pe… thinamiddhaṃ… chambhitattaṃ… uppilaṃ… duṭṭhullaṃ… accāraddhavīriyaṃ… atilīnavīriyaṃ… abhijappā… nānattasaññā… ‘atinijjhāyitattaṃ rūpānaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti iti viditvā atinijjhāyitattaṃ rūpānaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahiṃ. So kho ahaṃ, anuruddha, appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto obhāsañhi kho sañjānāmi, na ca rūpāni passāmi. Rūpāni hi kho passāmi, na ca obhāsaṃ sañjānāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.242-243) evamādi. Tadevaṃ ekādasupakkilesavirahato visuddhaṃ.

Manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā rūpadassanena atikkantamānusakaṃ; mānusakaṃ vā maṃsacakkhuṃ atikkantattā atikkantamānusakanti veditabbaṃ. Tena dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena.

Sattepassāmīti manussamaṃsacakkhunā viya satte passāmi dakkhāmi olokemi. Cavamāne upapajjamāneti ettha cutikkhaṇe vā upapattikkhaṇe vā dibbacakkhunā daṭṭhuṃ na sakkā, ye pana āsannacutikā idāni cavissanti te cavamānā. Ye ca gahitapaṭisandhikā sampatinibbattā vā, te upapajjamānāti adhippetā. Te evarūpe cavamāne upapajjamāne ca passāmīti dasseti. Hīneti mohanissandayuttattā hīnānaṃ jātikulabhogādīnaṃ vasena hīḷite ohīḷite uññāte avaññāte. Paṇīteti amohanissandayuttattā tabbiparīte. Suvaṇṇeti adosanissandayuttattā iṭṭhakantamanāpavaṇṇayutte. Dubbaṇṇeti dosanissandayuttattā aniṭṭhākantaamanāpavaṇṇayutte; abhirūpe virūpetipi attho. Sugateti sugatigate, alobhanissandayuttattā vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane. Duggateti duggatigate, lobhanissandayuttattā vā dalidde appannapāne. Yathākammūpageti yaṃ yaṃ kammaṃ upacitaṃ tena tena upagate. Tattha purimehi ‘‘cavamāne’’tiādīhi dibbacakkhukiccaṃ vuttaṃ; iminā pana padena yathākammūpagañāṇakiccaṃ.

Tassa ca ñāṇassa ayamuppattikkamo – so heṭṭhā nirayābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nerayikasatte passati mahantaṃ dukkhamanubhavamāne, taṃ dassanaṃ dibbacakkhukiccameva. So evaṃ manasi karoti – ‘‘kinnu kho kammaṃ katvā ime sattā etaṃ dukkhamanubhavantī’’ti? Athassa ‘‘idaṃ nāma katvā’’ti taṃ kammārammaṇaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Tathā upari devalokābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nandanavana-missakavana-phārusakavanādīsu satte passati mahāsampattiṃ anubhavamāne. Tampi dassanaṃ dibbacakkhukiccameva. So evaṃ manasi karoti – ‘‘kinnu kho kammaṃ katvā ime sattā etaṃ sampattiṃ anubhavantī’’ti? Athassa ‘‘idaṃ nāma katvā’’ti taṃkammārammaṇaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Idaṃ yathākammūpagañāṇaṃ nāma. Imassa visuṃ parikammaṃ nāma natthi. Yathā cimassa, evaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇassapi. Dibbacakkhupādakāneva hi imāni dibbacakkhunā saheva ijjhanti.

Kāyaduccaritenātiādīsu duṭṭhu caritaṃ duṭṭhaṃ vā caritaṃ kilesapūtikattāti duccaritaṃ; kāyena duccaritaṃ, kāyato vā uppannaṃ duccaritanti kāyaduccaritaṃ. Evaṃ vacīmanoduccaritānipi daṭṭhabbāni. Samannāgatāti samaṅgībhūtā. Ariyānaṃ upavādakāti buddha-paccekabuddha-buddhasāvakānaṃ ariyānaṃ antamaso gihisotāpannānampi anatthakāmā hutvā antimavatthunā vā guṇaparidhaṃsanena vā upavādakā; akkosakā, garahakāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha ‘‘natthi imesaṃ samaṇadhammo, assamaṇā ete’’ti vadanto antimavatthunā upavadati. ‘‘Natthi imesaṃ jhānaṃ vā vimokkho vā maggo vā phalaṃ vā’’ti vadanto guṇaparidhaṃsanena upavadatīti veditabbo. So ca jānaṃ vā upavadeyya ajānaṃ vā, ubhayathāpi ariyūpavādova hoti. Bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ saggāvaraṇaṃ maggāvaraṇañca, satekicchaṃ pana hoti. Tassa ca āvibhāvatthaṃ idaṃ vatthumudāharanti –

‘‘Aññatarasmiṃ kira gāme eko thero ca daharabhikkhu ca piṇḍāya caranti. Te paṭhamaghareyeva uḷuṅkamattaṃ uṇhayāguṃ labhiṃsu. Therassa ca kucchivāto atthi. So cintesi – ‘ayaṃ yāgu mayhaṃ sappāyā, yāva na sītalā hoti tāva naṃ pivāmī’ti. So manussehi ummāratthāya āhaṭe dārukkhandhe nisīditvā taṃ pivi. Itaro taṃ jigucchi – ‘aticchāto vatāyaṃ mahallako amhākaṃ lajjitabbakaṃ akāsī’ti. Thero gāme caritvā vihāraṃ gantvā daharabhikkhuṃ āha – ‘atthi te, āvuso, imasmiṃ sāsane patiṭṭhā’ti? ‘Āma, bhante, sotāpanno aha’nti. ‘Tena hāvuso, uparimaggatthāya vāyāmaṃ mā akāsi, khīṇāsavo tayā upavadito’ti. So taṃ khamāpesi. Tenassa taṃ pākatikaṃ ahosi’’. Tasmā yo aññopi ariyaṃ upavadati, tena gantvā sace attanā vuḍḍhataro hoti, ‘‘ahaṃ āyasmantaṃ idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me khamāhī’’ti khamāpetabbo. Sace navakataro hoti , vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā ‘‘ahaṃ bhante tumhe idañcidañca avacaṃ, taṃ me khamathā’’ti khamāpetabbo. Sace so nakkhamati disāpakkanto vā hoti, ye tasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhū vasanti tesaṃ santikaṃ gantvā sace attanā vuḍḍhataro hoti ṭhitakeneva, sace navakataro ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, asukaṃ nāma āyasmantaṃ idañcidañca avacaṃ, khamatu me so āyasmā’’ti evaṃ vadantena khamāpetabbo. Sace so parinibbuto hoti, parinibbutamañcaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā yāva sivathikaṃ gantvāpi khamāpetabbo. Evaṃ kate saggāvaraṇañca maggāvaraṇañca na hoti, pākatikameva hoti.

Micchādiṭṭhikāti viparītadassanā. Micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānāti micchādiṭṭhivasena samādinnanānāvidhakammā, ye ca micchādiṭṭhimūlakesu kāyakammādīsu aññepi samādapenti. Tattha vacīduccaritaggahaṇeneva ariyūpavāde, manoduccaritaggahaṇena ca micchādiṭṭhiyā saṅgahitāyapi imesaṃ dvinnaṃ puna vacanaṃ mahāsāvajjabhāvadassanatthanti veditabbaṃ. Mahāsāvajjo hi ariyūpavādo ānantariyasadiso. Yathāha – ‘‘seyyathāpi, sāriputta, bhikkhu sīlasampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno diṭṭheva dhamme aññaṃ ārādheyya; evaṃsampadamidaṃ, sāriputta, vadāmi taṃ vācaṃ appahāya taṃ cittaṃ appahāya taṃ diṭṭhiṃ appaṭinissajjitvā yathābhataṃ nikkhitto, evaṃ niraye’’ti (ma. ni. 1.149).

Micchādiṭṭhito ca mahāsāvajjataraṃ nāma aññaṃ natthi. Yathāha – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, evaṃ mahāsāvajjataraṃ, yathayidaṃ, micchādiṭṭhi. Micchādiṭṭhiparamāni, bhikkhave, vajjānī’’ti (a. ni. 1.310).

Kāyassa bhedāti upādinnakkhandhapariccāgā. Paraṃ maraṇāti tadanantaraṃ abhinibbattakkhandhaggahaṇe. Athavā kāyassa bhedāti jīvitindriyassupacchedā. Paraṃ maraṇāti cuticittato uddhaṃ. Apāyanti evamādi sabbaṃ nirayavevacanaṃ. Nirayo hi saggamokkhahetubhūtā puññasammatā ayā apetattā, sukhānaṃ vā āyassa abhāvā apāyo. Dukkhassa gati paṭisaraṇanti duggati; dosabahulatāya vā duṭṭhena kammunā nibbattā gatīti duggati. Vivasā nipatanti ettha dukkaṭakārinoti vinipāto; vinassantā vā ettha nipatanti sambhijjamānaṅgapaccaṅgāti vinipāto. Natthi ettha assādasaññito ayoti nirayo.

Atha vā apāyaggahaṇena tiracchānayoniṃ dīpeti. Tiracchānayoni hi apāyo, sugatiyā apetattā; na duggati, mahesakkhānaṃ nāgarājādīnaṃ sambhavato. Duggatiggahaṇena pettivisayaṃ dīpeti. So hi apāyo ceva duggati ca sugatito apetattā, dukkhassa ca gatibhūtattā; na tu vinipāto asurasadisaṃ avinipatitattā. Petamahiddhikānañhi vimānānipi nibbattanti. Vinipātaggahaṇena asurakāyaṃ dīpeti. So hi yathāvuttenatthena apāyo ceva duggati ca sabbasamussayehi ca vinipatitattā vinipātoti vuccati. Nirayaggahaṇena avīci-ādianekappakāraṃ nirayameva dīpeti. Upapannāti upagatā, tattha abhinibbattāti adhippāyo. Vuttavipariyāyena sukkapakkho veditabbo.

Ayaṃ pana viseso – ettha sugatiggahaṇena manussagatipi saṅgayhati. Saggaggahaṇena devagatiyeva. Tattha sundarā gatīti sugati. Rūpādivisayehi suṭṭhu aggoti saggo. So sabbopi lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena lokoti ayaṃ vacanattho. Vijjāti dibbacakkhuñāṇavijjā. Avijjāti sattānaṃ cutipaṭisandhipaṭicchādikā avijjā. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Ayameva hettha viseso – yathā pubbenivāsakathāyaṃ ‘‘pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇamukhatuṇḍakena pubbenivutthakkhandhapaacchādakaṃ avijjaṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā’’ti vuttaṃ; evamidha ‘‘cutūpapātañāṇamukhatuṇḍakena cutūpapātapaṭicchādakaṃ avijjaṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā’’ti vattabbanti.

Dibbacakkhuñāṇakathā niṭṭhitā.