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DNA POLYMERASE
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
The enzyme responsible for DNA replication
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("DNA polymerase" is a kind of...):
polymerase (an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of new DNA and RNA from an existing strand of DNA or RNA)
Context examples:
Some nucleotidyltransferases bear specific names (e.g., adenylyltransferases), or trivial names indicating the linkage hydrolyzed in the synthesis (pyrophosphorylases, phosphorylases), or names of the material synthesized (RNA or DNA polymerase).
(Nucleotidyltransferase, NCI Thesaurus)
Edoxudine is activated by viral thymidine kinase to the 5'-monophosphate which is further phosphorylated by cellular enzymes to the 5'-triphosphate, a competitive inhibitor of the viral-coded DNA polymerase.
(Edoxudine, NCI Thesaurus)
Efavirenz binds directly to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RT, an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, blocking its function in viral DNA replication.
(Efavirenz, NCI Thesaurus)
DNA polymerase alpha is most active in dividing cells, and is primarily involved with lagging strand synthesis.
(DNA Polymerase Alpha, NCI Thesaurus)
DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit (1107 aa, ~124 kDa) is encoded by the human POLD1 gene.
(DNA Polymerase Delta Catalytic Subunit, NCI Thesaurus)
This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, and has been shown to arrest leukemia cells in the G1-S transition phase of the cell cycle.
(Benzoylphenylurea, NCI Thesaurus)
Cidofovir diphosphate, bearing structural similarity to nucleotides, competes with deoxycytosine-5-triphosphate (dCTP) for viral DNA polymerase and gets incorporated into the growing viral DNA strands.
(Cidofovir, NCI Thesaurus)
Cytarabine agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair.
(Ancitabine Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
It is caused by a mutation in the gene for the mitochondrial DNA polymerase POLG.
(Alper Syndrome, NCI Thesaurus)
But when they accumulate, the DNA polymerase adds more of them to the strand.
(Structural Snapshots of Damaged DNA, NIH)
