Library / English Dictionary

DYSTROPHY

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate or faulty nutrition

Classified under:

Nouns denoting stable states of affairs

Hypernyms ("dystrophy" is a kind of...):

degenerative disorder (condition leading to progressive loss of function)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "dystrophy"):

osteodystrophy (defective bone development; usually attributable to renal disease or to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism)

Sense 2

Meaning:

Any of several hereditary diseases of the muscular system characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles

Synonyms:

dystrophy; muscular dystrophy

Classified under:

Nouns denoting stable states of affairs

Hypernyms ("dystrophy" is a kind of...):

congenital disease; genetic abnormality; genetic defect; genetic disease; genetic disorder; hereditary condition; hereditary disease; inherited disease; inherited disorder (a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "dystrophy"):

Becker muscular dystrophy (a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in in adolescence or adulthood and progresses slowly but will affect all voluntary muscles; characterized by generalized weakness and muscle wasting that affects limb and trunk muscles first; similar to Duchenne's muscular dystrophy but less severe; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males))

distal muscular dystrophy (a form of muscular dystrophy that sets in between 40 and 60 years of age and is characterized by weakness and wasting of the muscles of the hands and forearms and lower legs; inheritance is autosomal dominant)

Duchenne's muscular dystrophy; pseudohypertrophic dystrophy (the most common form of muscular dystrophy; inheritance is X-linked recessive (carried by females but affecting only males))

limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (an autosomal recessive form of muscular dystrophy that appears anywhere from late childhood to middle age; characterized by progressive muscular weakness beginning either in the shoulder or pelvic girdle; usually progresses slowly with cardiopulmonary complications in the later stages)

myotonia atrophica; myotonic dystrophy; myotonic muscular dystrophy; Steinert's disease (a severe form of muscular dystrophy marked by generalized weakness and muscular wasting that affects the face and feet and hands and neck; difficult speech and difficulty with the hands that spreads to the arms and shoulders and legs and hips; the onset can be any time from birth to middle age and the progression is slow; inheritance is autosomal dominant)

oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (a form of muscular dystrophy that usually begins between early adulthood and middle age and first affects muscles of the eyelid and throat; progresses slowly with swallowing problems common as the disease progresses; inheritance is autosomal dominant)

Credits

 Context examples: 

Examples include Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker's muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.

(Muscular Dystrophy, NCI Thesaurus)

A genetic deletion in this gene is associated with congenital stromal corneal dystrophy.

(DCN wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

Mutation of the gene is associated with limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset, and Miyoshi myopathy.

(DYSF wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

Mutations in this gene have been associated with congential hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy.

(CDH3 wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

Mutations in the muscle specific calpain p94 lead to Limb Girdle muscular dystrophy 2A (LGMD2A).

(Calpain-2 Cell Motility Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Also called: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy, Causalgia, CRPS, Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

(Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)

A four nucleotide repeat expansion in intron 1 resulting in 75 to 11000 CCTG repeats is associated with myotonic dystrophy type 2.

(CNBP wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

In a mouse model of severe muscular dystrophy, in which muscle tissue undergoes repeated cycles of regeneration and degeneration, weekly treatment with a Stat3 inhibitor for a month improved muscle repair.

(Controlling Muscle Repair, NIH)

A rare neuroaxonal dystrophy, histologically characterized by axonal spheroids, iron deposition, lewy body (LB)-like intraneuronal inclusions and neurofibrillary tangles.

(Brain Iron Accumulation Type I Syndrome, NCI Thesaurus)

It is not a manifestation of another disorder that may cause hypotonia (e.g., cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy).

(Benign Congenital Hypotonia, NCI Thesaurus)