Library / English Dictionary

HOMOLOGOUS

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (adjective) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Corresponding or similar in position or structure or function or characteristics; especially derived from an organism of the same species

Example:

a homologous tissue graft

Classified under:

Adjectives

Antonym:

autologous (derived from organisms of the selfsame individual)

heterologous (derived from organisms of a different but related species)

Derivation:

homology (the quality of being similar or corresponding in position or value or structure or function)

Sense 2

Meaning:

Having the same evolutionary origin but not necessarily the same function

Example:

the wing of a bat and the arm of a man are homologous

Classified under:

Adjectives

Similar:

homologic; homological (similar in evolutionary origin but not in function)

Domain category:

biological science; biology (the science that studies living organisms)

Antonym:

analogous (corresponding in function but not in evolutionary origin)

heterologous (not corresponding in structure or evolutionary origin)

Credits

 Context examples: 

It consists of 2 different but homologous polypeptides A and B (~30,000 D) linked by disulphide bonds.

(Platelet-derived growth factor, NCI Thesaurus)

The gene codes for a 143-residue protein which is a precursor for a mature protein of 121 amino acids and is 46% homologous with another heparin-binding neurite outgrowth-promoting factor, NEGF1.

(Neurite Growth-Promoting Factor 2, NCI Thesaurus)

It is required for reciprocal recombination and proper segregation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis.

(MutS Homolog 4, NCI Thesaurus)

Any type of recombination occuring within somatic cells and involving possible exchange and frequent loss of segments of DNA by either homologous or nonhomologous recombination of broken DNA strands.

(Mitotic Recombination, NCI Thesaurus)

MLH1 is homologous to MutL, which hydrolyzes ATP.

(MLH1 Protein, NCI Thesaurus)

Chromosomal inversion often occurs as the result of non-homologous end-joining of broken DNA strands, and is involved in maintaining cell viability at the expense of long term genomic stability.

(Chromosomal Inversion Process, NCI Thesaurus)

A number of multi-step DNA repair pathways including nucleotide excision repair, homologous recombination and post-replication/translesion repair all impinge on their repair.

(DNA Interstrand Cross-Link Repair, NCI Thesaurus)

This process involves the invasion of a homologous region of an intact chromosome by the centromere-proximal end of the broken chromosome.

(Break-Induced Replication, NCI Thesaurus)

This allele, which encodes RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 2, plays a role in the regulation of homologous recombination.

(C16orf75 wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

This allele, which encodes breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein, is involved in double-stranded DNA break repair, homologous recombination and transcriptional regulation.

(BRCA2 wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)