3. Lokasuttavaṇṇanā

23. Tatiye lokoti lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko. Atthato purimasmiṃ ariyasaccadvayaṃ, idha pana dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘lokoti dukkhasacca’’nti. Visaṃyuttoti visaṃsaṭṭho na paṭibaddho, sabbesaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ sammadeva samucchinnattā tato vippamuttoti attho. Lokasamudayoti suttantanayena taṇhā, abhidhammanayena pana abhisaṅkhārehi saddhiṃ diyaḍḍhakilesasahassaṃ. Lokanirodhoti nibbānaṃ. Sacchikatoti attapaccakkho kato. Lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti sīlādikkhandhattayasaṅgaho ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. So hi lokanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchati adhigacchati, tadatthaṃ ariyehi paṭipajjīyati cāti lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti vuccati.

Ettāvatā tathāni abhisambuddho yāthāvato gatoti tathāgatoti ayamattho dassito hoti. Cattāri hi ariyasaccāni tathāni nāma. Yathāha –

‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Katamāni cattāri? Idaṃ dukkhanti, bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathameta’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.1090; paṭi. ma. 2.8) vitthāro.

Apica tathāya gatoti tathāgato, gatoti ca avagato atīto patto paṭipannoti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yasmā bhagavā sakalalokaṃ tīraṇapariññāya tathāya aviparītāya gato avagato, tasmā loko tathāgatena abhisambuddhoti tathāgato. Lokasamudayaṃ pahānapariññāya tathāya gato atītoti tathāgato. Lokanirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāya tathāya gato pattoti tathāgato. Lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ tathaṃ aviparītaṃ gato paṭipannoti tathāgatoti. Evaṃ imissā pāḷiyā tathāgatabhāvadīpanavasena attho veditabbo.

Iti bhagavā catusaccābhisambodhavasena attano tathāgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetvā idāni tattha diṭṭhādiabhisambodhavasenapi taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘yaṃ, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘catūhi saccehi attano buddhabhāvaṃ kathetvā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ tathāgatasaddabuddhasaddānaṃ atthato ninnānākaraṇataṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā ceva hi pāḷi pavattāti. Diṭṭhanti rūpāyatanaṃ daṭṭhabbato. Tena yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ yaṃ dissati, yaṃ dakkhati, yaṃ samavāye passeyya, taṃ sabbaṃ diṭṭhanteva gahitaṃ kālavisesassa anāmaṭṭhabhāvato yathā ‘‘duddha’’nti dasseti. Sutantiādīsupi eseva nayo. Sutanti saddāyatanaṃ sotabbato. Mutanti sanissaye indriye nissayaṃ muñcitvā pāpuṇitvā gahetabbaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘patvā gahetabbato’’ti. Viññātanti vijānitabbaṃ. Taṃ pana diṭṭhādivinimuttaṃ viññeyyanti āha ‘‘sukhadukkhādi dhammārammaṇa’’nti. Pattanti yathā tathā patvā hatthagataṃ, adhigatanti attho. Tenāha ‘‘pariyesitvā vā apariyesitvā vā’’ti. Pariyesitanti pattiyā atthaṃ pariyiṭṭhaṃ. Taṃ pana pattaṃ vā siyā appattaṃ vā, ubhayathāpi pariyesitamevāti āha ‘‘pattaṃ vā appattaṃ vā’’ti. Dvayenapi dvippakārampi pattaṃ dvippakārampi pariyesitaṃ tena tena pakārena tathāgatena abhisambuddhanti dasseti. Cittena anusañcaritanti te pana apāpetvā citteneva anu anu sañcaritaṃ, viparitakkitanti attho.

Pītakantiādīti ādisaddena lohitaodātādisabbaṃ rūpārammaṇabhāgaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Sumanoti rāgavasena lobhavasena saddhādivasena vā sumano. Dummanoti byāpādavitakkavasena vā vihiṃsāvitakkavasena vā dummano. Majjhattoti aññāṇavasena, ñāṇavasena vā majjhatto. Esa nayo sabbattha. Tattha ādisaddena saṅkhasaddo, paṇavasaddo, pattagandho, pupphagandho, puppharaso, phalaraso, upādinnaṃ, anupādinnaṃ, majjhattavedanā kusalakammaṃ akusalakammanti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Appattanti ñāṇena asampattaṃ, aviditanti attho. Tenāha ‘‘ñāṇena asacchikata’’nti. Lokena gatanti lokena ñātaṃ. Tatheva gatattāti tatheva ñātattā abhisambuddhattā , gatasaddena ekattaṃ buddhiatthanti attho. Gatiattho hi dhātavo buddhiatthā bhavantīti akkharacintakā.

Yañca, bhikkhave, ratiṃ tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhatīti yassañca visākhapuṇṇamāya rattiyaṃ tathāāgatattādiatthena tathāgato bhagavā bodhimaṇḍe aparājitapallaṅke nisinno tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā uttaritarābhāvato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ āsavakkhayañāṇena saddhiṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ adhigacchati. Yañca rattiṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyatīti yassañca visākhapuṇṇamāya rattiyaṃyeva kusinārāyaṃ upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane yamakasālānamantare anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati. Yaṃ etasmiṃ antareti imāsaṃ dvinnaṃ saupādisesaanupādisesanibbānadhātūnaṃ majjhe pañcacattālīsavassaparimāṇakāle paṭhamabodhiyampi majjhimabodhiyampi pacchimabodhiyampi yaṃ suttageyyādippabhedaṃ dhammaṃ bhāsati nidassanavasena, lapati uddisanavasena, niddisati pariniddisanavasena. Sabbaṃ taṃ tatheva hotīti taṃ etthantare desitaṃ sabbaṃ suttageyyādinavaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ atthato byañjanato ca anūnaṃ anadhikaṃ sabbākāraparipuṇṇaṃ rāgamadanimmadanaṃ dosamadanimmadanaṃ mohamadanimmadanaṃ, natthi tattha vālaggamattampi avakkhalitaṃ, ekamuddikāya lañchitaṃ viya ekāya nāḷiyā mitaṃ viya ekatulāya tulitaṃ viya ca taṃ tatheva hoti yassatthāya bhāsitaṃ, ekanteneva tassa sādhanato, no aññathā, tasmā tathaṃ avitathaṃ anaññathaṃ. Etena tathāvāditāya tathāgatoti dasseti. Gadaattho ayaṃ gatasaddo da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā, tasmā tathaṃ gadatīti tathāgatoti attho. Atha vā āgadanaṃ āgado, vacananti attho. Tato aviparīto āgado assāti da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā tathāgatoti evamettha padasiddhi veditabbā.

Yathāvādīti ye dhamme bhagavā ‘‘ime dhammā akusalā sāvajjā viññugarahitā samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantī’’ti paresaṃ dhammaṃ desento vadati, te dhamme ekanteneva sayaṃ pahāsi. Ye pana dhamme bhagavā – ‘‘ime dhammā kusalā anavajjā viññuppasatthā samattā samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī’’ti vadati, te dhamme ekanteneva sayaṃ upasampajja viharati, tasmā yathāvādī bhagavā tathākārīti veditabbo. Tathā sammadeva sīlādiparipūraṇavasena sammāpaṭipadāyaṃ yathākārī bhagavā, tatheva dhammadesanāya paresaṃ tattha patiṭṭhāpanavasena tathāvādī. Bhagavato hi vācāya kāyo anulometi, kāyassapi vācā, tasmā yathāvādī tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī ca hoti. Evaṃbhūtassa ca yathā vācā, kāyopi tathā gato pavatto. Yathā ca kāyo, vācāpi tathā gatā pavattāti attho.

Abhibhū anabhibhūtoti upari bhavaggaṃ, heṭṭhā avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ katvā tiriyaṃ aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu bhagavā sabbasatte abhibhavati sīlenapi samādhināpi paññāyapi vimuttiyāpi, na tassa tulā vā pamāṇaṃ vā atthi. Asamo asamasamo appaṭimo appaṭibhāgo appaṭipuggalo atulo appameyyo anuttaro dhammarājā devadevo sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā, tato eva ayaṃ na kenaci abhibhūto. Dakkhatīti sabbaṃ passati. Visesavacanicchāyapi abhāvato anavasesavisayo dasasaddo. Tena yaṃ kiñci neyyaṃ nāma, sabbaṃ taṃ hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya passatīti dīpeti. Aviparītaṃ āsayādiavabodhena hitūpasaṃhārādinā ca satte, bhāvaññatthattūpanayavasena saṅkhāre, sabbākārena suciṇṇavasitāya samāpattiyo, cittañca vase vattetīti vasavattīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.

Visaṃyuttoti catūhi yogehi visaṃyutto. Tenāha ‘‘catunnaṃ yogānaṃ pahānena visaṃyutto’’ti. Taṇhādiṭṭhiupayehi virahitoti sabbasmimpi loke taṇhādiṭṭhisaṅkhātehi upayehi virahito.

Abhibhavitvā ṭhitoti tabbisayakilesappahānena abhibhuyya atikkamitvā ṭhito. Cattāropi ganthe mocetvā ṭhitoti sabbe abhijjhākāyaganthādike sakasantānato mocetvā ṭhito. Veneyyasantāne vā attano desanāvilāsena tesaṃ pamocanoti sabbaganthappamocano. Phuṭṭhassa paramā santīti assa anena khīṇāsavena buddhena paramā santi ñāṇaphusanena phuṭṭhāti evamettha sambandho veditabbo. Tenāha ‘‘phuṭṭhassā’’tiādi. Nibbāne kutoci bhayaṃ natthīti kutoci bhayakāraṇato nibbāne bhayaṃ natthi asaṅkhatabhāvena sabbaso khemattā. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘khemañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi khemagāminiñca paṭipada’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 4.379-408). Nibbānappattassa vā kutoci bhayaṃ natthīti nibbānaṃ akutobhayanti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo, na kutoci bhayaṃ ettha etasmiṃ adhigateti akutobhayaṃ, nibbānanti evamettha nibbacanañca daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Anīgho niddukkho. Sabbakammakkhayaṃ pattoti sabbesaṃ kammānaṃ khayaṃ pariyosānaṃ accantabhāvaṃ patto. Upadhī sammadeva khīyanti etthāti upadhisaṅkhayo, nibbānanti āha ‘‘upadhisaṅkhayasaṅkhāte nibbāne’’ti. Cakkanti dhammacakkaṃ. Pavattayīti teparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ pavattesi . Mahantehi sīlādiguṇehi samannāgatattā mahantaṃ. Vītasāradanti catuvesārajjayogena vītasāradaṃ. Sesaṃ uttānameva.

Lokasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.