10. Maccharājacariyāvaṇṇanā

83. Dasame yadā homi, maccharājā mahāsareti atīte macchayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā kosalaraṭṭhe sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane pokkharaṇiṭṭhāne valligahanaparikkhitte ekasmiṃ mahāsare macchānaṃ catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi rañjanato yadā ahaṃ rājā homi, macchagaṇaparivuto tattha paṭivasāmi tadā. Uṇheti uṇhakāle gimhasamaye. Sūriyasantāpeti ādiccasantāpena. Sare udaka khīyathāti tasmiṃ sare udakaṃ khīyittha chijjittha. Tasmiñhi raṭṭhe tadā devo na vassi, sassāni milāyiṃsu, vāpiādīsu udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ agamāsi, macchakacchapā kalalagahanaṃ pavisiṃsu. Tasmimpi sare macchā kaddamagahanaṃ pavisitvā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne nilīyiṃsu.

84.Tatoti tato udakaparikkhayato aparabhāge. Kulalasenakāti kulalāceva senā ca. Bhakkhayanti divārattiṃ, macche upanisīdiyāti tattha tattha kalalapiṭṭhe upanisīditvā kalalagahanaṃ pavisitvā nipanne macche kākā vā itare vā divā ceva rattiñca kaṇayaggasadisehi tuṇḍehi koṭṭetvā koṭṭetvā nīharitvā vipphandamāne bhakkhayanti.

85. Atha mahāsatto macchānaṃ taṃ byasanaṃ disvā mahākaruṇāya samussāhitahadayo ‘‘ṭhapetvā maṃ ime mama ñātake imasmā dukkhā mocetuṃ samattho nāma añño natthi, kena nu kho ahaṃ upāyena te ito dukkhato moceyya’’nti cintento ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ pubbakehi mahesīhi āciṇṇasamāciṇṇaṃ mayi ca saṃvijjamānaṃ saccadhammaṃ nissāya saccakiriyaṃ katvā devaṃ vassāpetvā mama ñātisaṅghassa jīvitadānaṃ dadeyyaṃ, tena ca sakalassāpi āhārūpajīvino sattalokassa mahāupakāro sampādito mayā’’ti nicchayaṃ katvā devaṃ vassāpetuṃ saccakiriyaṃ akāsi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘evaṃ cintesaha’’ntiādi.

Tattha saha ñātīhi pīḷitoti mayhaṃ ñātīhi saddhiṃ tena udakaparikkhayena pīḷito. Sahāti vā nipātamattaṃ. Mahākāruṇikatāya tena byasanena dukkhitehi ñātīhi kāraṇabhūtehi pīḷito, ñātisaṅghadukkhadukkhitoti attho.

86.Dhammatthanti dhammabhūtaṃ atthaṃ, dhammato vā anapetaṃ atthaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Saccaṃ. Addasapassayanti mayhaṃ ñātīnañca apassayaṃ addasaṃ. Atikkhayanti mahāvināsaṃ.

87.Saddhammanti sataṃ sādhūnaṃ buddhādīnaṃ ekassāpi pāṇino ahiṃsanasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ. Anussaritvā. Paramatthaṃ vicintayanti taṃ kho pana paramatthaṃ saccaṃ aviparītasabhāvaṃ katvā cintayanto. Yaṃ loke dhuvasassatanti yadetaṃ buddhapaccekabuddhasāvakānaṃ ekassāpi pāṇino ahiṃsanaṃ, taṃ sabbakālaṃ tathabhāvena dhuvaṃ sassataṃ vicintayaṃ saccakiriyaṃ akāsinti sambandho.

88. Idāni taṃ dhammaṃ mahāsatto attani vijjamānaṃ gahetvā saccavacanaṃ payojetukāmo kālavaṇṇaṃ kaddamaṃ dvidhā viyūhitvā añjanarukkhasāraghaṭikavaṇṇamahāsarīro sudhotalohitakamaṇisadisāni akkhīni ummīletvā ākāsaṃ ullokento ‘‘yato sarāmi attāna’’nti gāthamāha.

Tattha yato sarāmi attānanti yato paṭṭhāya ahaṃ attabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ attānaṃ sarāmi anussarāmi. Yato pattosmi viññutanti yato paṭṭhāya tāsu tāsu itikattabbatāsu viññutaṃ vijānanabhāvaṃ pattosmi, uddhaṃ ārohanavasena ito yāva mayhaṃ kāyavacīkammānaṃ anussaraṇasamatthatā viññutappatti eva, etthantare samānajātikānaṃ khādanaṭṭhāne nibbattopi taṇḍulakaṇappamāṇampi macchaṃ mayā na khāditapubbaṃ, aññampi kañci pāṇaṃ sañcicca hiṃsitaṃ bādhitaṃ nābhijānāmi, pageva jīvitā voropitaṃ.

89.Etena saccavajjenāti ‘‘yadetaṃ mayā kassaci pāṇassa ahiṃsanaṃ vuttaṃ, sace etaṃ saccaṃ tathaṃ aviparītaṃ, etena saccavacanena pajjunno megho abhivassatu, ñātisaṅghaṃ me dukkhā pamocetū’’ti vatvā puna attano paricārikaceṭakaṃ āṇāpento viya pajjunnaṃ devarājānaṃ ālapanto ‘‘abhitthanayā’’ti gāthamāha.

Tattha abhitthanaya pajjunnāti pajjunno vuccati megho, ayaṃ pana meghavasena laddhanāmaṃ vassavalāhakadevarājānaṃ ālapati. Ayaṃ hissa adhippāyo – devo nāma anabhitthanayanto vijjulatā anicchārento pavassantopi na sobhati, tasmā tvaṃ abhitthanayanto vijjulatā nicchārento vassāpehīti. Nidhiṃ kākassa nāsayāti kākā kalalaṃ pavisitvā ṭhite macche tuṇḍena koṭṭetvā nīharitvā khādanti , tasmā tesaṃ antokalale macchā ‘‘nidhī’’ti vuccanti. Taṃ kākasaṅghassa nidhiṃ devaṃ vassāpento udakena paṭicchādetvā nāsehi. Kākaṃ sokāya randhehīti kākasaṅgho imasmiṃ mahāsare udakena puṇṇe macche alabhamāno socissati, taṃ kākagaṇaṃ tvaṃ imaṃ kaddamaṃ pūrento sokāya randhehi, sokassatthāya pana vassāpayatha, yathā antonijjhānalakkhaṇaṃ sokaṃ pāpuṇāti, evaṃ karohīti attho. Macche sokā pamocayāti mama ñātake sabbeva macche imamhā maraṇasokā pamocehi. ‘‘Mañca sokā pamocayā’’ti (jā. 1.1.75) jātake paṭhanti. Tattha ca-kāro sampiṇḍanattho, mañca mama ñātake cāti sabbeva maraṇasokā pamocehi (jā. aṭṭha. 1.1.75). Macchānañhi anudakabhāvena paccatthikānaṃ ghāsabhāvaṃ gacchāmāti mahāmaraṇasoko, mahāsattassa pana tesaṃ anayabyasanaṃ paṭicca karuṇāyato karuṇāpatirūpamukhena sokasambhavo veditabbo.

Evaṃ bodhisatto attano paricārikaceṭakaṃ āṇāpento viya pajjunnaṃ ālapitvā sakale kosalaraṭṭhe mahāvassaṃ vassāpesi. Mahāsattassa hi sīlatejena saccakiriyāya samakālameva sakkassa paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ dassesi. So ‘‘kiṃ nu kho’’ti āvajjento taṃ kāraṇaṃ ñatvā vassavalāhakadevarājānaṃ pakkosāpetvā ‘‘tāta, mahāpuriso maccharājā ñātīnaṃ maraṇasokena vassāpanaṃ icchati, sakalaṃ kosalaraṭṭhaṃ ekameghaṃ katvā vassāpehī’’ti āha.

So ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchitvā ekaṃ valāhakaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ pārupitvā meghagītaṃ gāyanto pācīnalokadhātuabhimukho pakkhandi. Pācīnadisābhāge khalamaṇḍalamattaṃ ekaṃ meghamaṇḍalaṃ uṭṭhāya satapaṭalaṃ sahassapaṭalaṃ hutvā abhitthanayantaṃ vijjulatā nicchārentaṃ adhomukhaṭhapitaudakakumbhākārena vissandamānaṃ sakalaṃ kosalaraṭṭhaṃ mahoghena ajjhotthari. Devo acchinnadhāraṃ vassanto muhutteneva taṃ mahāsaraṃ pūresi. Macchā maraṇabhayato mucciṃsu. Kākādayo apatiṭṭhā ahesuṃ. Na kevalaṃ macchā eva, manussāpi vividhasassāni sampādentā catuppadādayopīti sabbepi vassūpajīvino kāyikacetasikadukkhato mucciṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ –

90.

‘‘Saha kate saccavare, pajjunno abhigajjiya;

Thalaṃ ninnañca pūrento, khaṇena abhivassathā’’ti.

Tattha khaṇena abhivassathāti adandhāyitvā saccakiriyakhaṇeneva abhivassi.

91.Katvā vīriyamuttamanti deve avassante kiṃ kātabbanti kosajjaṃ anāpajjitvā ñātatthacariyāsampādanamukhena mahato sattanikāyassa hitasukhanipphādanaṃ uttamaṃ vīriyaṃ katvā. Saccatejabalassito mama saccānubhāvabalasannissito hutvā tadā mahāmeghaṃ vassāpesiṃ. Yasmā cetadevaṃ, tasmā ‘‘saccena me samo natthi, esā me saccapāramī’’ti mahāmaccharājakāle attano saccapāramiyā anaññasādhāraṇabhāvaṃ dassesi dhammarājā.

Evaṃ mahāsatto mahākaruṇāya samussāhitahadayo sakalaraṭṭhe mahāvassaṃ vassāpanavasena mahājanaṃ maraṇadukkhato mocetvā jīvitapariyosāne yathākammaṃ gato.

Tadā pajjunno ānandatthero ahosi, macchagaṇā buddhaparisā, maccharājā lokanātho.

Tassa heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva sesapāramiyopi niddhāretabbā. Tathā attano samānajātikānaṃ khādanaṭṭhāne macchayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā taṇḍulakaṇamattampi macchaṃ ādiṃ katvā kassacipi pāṇino akhādanaṃ, tiṭṭhatu khādanaṃ ekasattassapi aviheṭhanaṃ, tathā saccakaraṇena devassa vassāpanaṃ, udake parikkhīṇe kalalagahane nimujjanavasena attanā anubhavamānaṃ dukkhaṃ vīrabhāvena agaṇetvā ñātisaṅghasseva taṃ dukkhaṃ attano hadaye katvā asahantassa sabbabhāvena karuṇāyanā, tathā ca paṭipattīti evamādayo guṇānubhāvā vibhāvetabbāti.

Maccharājacariyāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.