Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

Saṃyuttanikāye

Sagāthāvaggaṭīkā

Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā

1. Saṃvaṇṇanārambhe ratanattayavandanā saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa pabhavanissayavisuddhipaṭivedanatthaṃ, taṃ pana dhammasaṃvaṇṇanāsu viññūnaṃ bahumānuppādanatthaṃ, taṃ sammadeva tesaṃ uggahaṇadhāraṇādikkamaladdhabbāya sammāpaṭipattiyā sabbahitasukhanipphādanatthanti. Atha vā maṅgalabhāvato, sabbakiriyāsu pubbakiccabhāvato, paṇḍitehi samācaritabhāvato, āyatiṃ paresaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanato ca saṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmakiriyāti. Atha vā ratanattayapaṇāmakaraṇaṃ pūjanīyapūjāpuññavisesanibbattanatthaṃ, taṃ attano yathāladdhasampattinimittakassa kammassa balānuppadānatthaṃ, antarā ca tassa asaṃkocāpanatthaṃ, tadubhayaṃ anantarāyena aṭṭhakathāya parisamāpanatthanti idameva ca payojanaṃ ācariyena idhādhippetaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘iti me pasannamatino…pe… tassānubhāvenā’’ti. Vatthuttayapūjā hi niratisayapuññakkhettasaṃbuddhiyā aparimeyyapabhāvo puññātisayoti bahuvidhantarāyepi lokasannivāse antarāyanibandhanasakalasaṃkilesaviddhaṃsanāya pahoti, bhayādiupaddavañca nivāreti. Yathāha ‘‘pūjārahe pūjayato’’tiādi (dha. pa. 195; apa. thera 1.10.1), tathā ‘‘ye, bhikkhave, buddhe pasannā, agge te pasannā, agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hotī’’tiādi (itivu. 90).

‘‘Buddhoti kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;

Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenapi jambudīpassa;

Dhammoti…pe…, saṅghoti…pe…, jambudīpassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.6);

Tathā ‘‘yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosa…pe… na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11). ‘‘Araññe rukkhamūle vā…pe… bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso na hessatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.249) ca.

Tattha yassa vatthuttayassa vandanaṃ kattukāmo, tassa guṇātisayayogasandassanatthaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’ntiādinā gāthattayamāha. Guṇātisayayogena hi vandanārahabhāvo, vandanārahe ca katā vandanā yathādhippetaṃ payojanaṃ sādhetīti. Tattha yassā desanāya saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, sā na vinayadesanā viya karuṇāppadhānā, nāpi abhidhammadesanā viya paññāppadhānā, atha kho karuṇāpaññāppadhānāti tadubhayappadhānameva tāva sammāsambuddhassa thomanaṃ kātuṃ tammūlakattā sesaratanānaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha kiratīti karuṇā, paradukkhaṃ vikkhipati apanetīti attho. Atha vā kiṇātīti karuṇā, paradukkhe sati kāruṇikaṃ hiṃsati vibādhatīti attho. Paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ kampanaṃ hadayakhedaṃ karotīti vā karuṇā. Atha vā kamiti sukhaṃ, taṃ rundhatīti karuṇā. Esā hi paradukkhāpanayanakāmatālakkhaṇā attasukhanirapekkhatāya kāruṇikānaṃ sukhaṃ rundhati vibandhatīti attho. Karuṇāya sītalaṃ karuṇāsītalaṃ, karuṇāsītalaṃ hadayaṃ assāti karuṇāsītalahadayo, taṃ karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ.

Tattha kiñcāpi paresaṃ hitopasaṃhārasukhādiaparihānicchanasabhāvatāya, byāpādāratīnaṃ ujuvipaccanīkatāya ca sattasantānagatasantāpavicchedanākārapavattiyā mettāmuditānampi cittasītalabhāvakāraṇatā upalabbhati, tathāpi paradukkhāpanayanākārappavattiyā parūpatāpāsahanarasā avihiṃsābhūtā karuṇāva visesena bhagavato cittassa cittapassaddhi viya sītibhāvanimittanti vuttaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti. Karuṇāmukhena vā mettāmuditānampi hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇatā vuttāti daṭṭhabbā .

Atha vā chaasādhāraṇañāṇavisesanibandhanabhūtā sātisayaṃ niravasesañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ viya savisayabyāpitāya mahākaruṇābhāvamupagatā karuṇāva bhagavato abhisayena hadayasītalabhāvahetūti āha ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti.

Atha vā satipi mettāmuditānaṃ sātisaye hadayasītibhāvanibandhanatte sakalabuddhaguṇavisesakāraṇatāya tāsampi kāraṇanti karuṇāva bhagavato ‘‘hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇa’’nti vuttā. Karuṇānidānā hi sabbepi buddhaguṇā, karuṇānubhāvanibbāpiyamānasaṃsāradukkhasantāpassa hi bhagavato paradukkhāpanayanakāmatāya anekānipi asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ akilantarūpasseva niravasesabuddhakaradhammasambharaṇaniyatassa samadhigatadhammādhipateyyassa ca sannihitesupi sattasaṅghāṭasamupanītahadayūpatāpanimittesu na īsakampi cittasītibhāvassa aññathattamahosīti. Etasmiñca atthavikappe tīsupi avatthāsu bhagavato karuṇā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā.

Pajānātīti paññā, yathāsabhāvaṃ pakārehi paṭivijjhatīti attho. Paññāva ñeyyāvaraṇappahānato pakārehi dhammasabhāvajotanaṭṭhena pajjototi paññāpajjoto. Savāsanappahānato visesena hataṃ samugghāṭitaṃ vihataṃ. Paññāpajjotena vihataṃ paññāpajjotavihataṃ. Muyhanti tena, sayaṃ vā muyhati, mohanamattameva vā tanti moho, avijjā. Sveva visayasabhāvapaṭicchādanakaraṇato andhakārasarikkhatāya tamo viyāti tamo. Paññāpajjotavihato mohatamo etassāti paññāpajjotavihatamohatamo, taṃ paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ. Sabbesampi hi khīṇāsavānaṃ satipi paññāpajjotena avijjandhakārassa vihatabhāve saddhādhimuttehi viya diṭṭhippattānaṃ sāvakehi paccekasambuddhehi ca savāsanappahānena sammāsambuddhānaṃ kilesappahānassa viseso vijjatīti sātisayena avijjāppahānena bhagavantaṃ thomento āha ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti.

Atha vā antarena paropadesaṃ attano santāne accantaṃ avijjandhakāravigamassa nibbattitattā, tathā sabbaññutāya balesu ca vasībhāvassa samadhigatattā, parasantatiyañca dhammadesanātisayānubhāvena sammadeva tassa pavattitattā bhagavāva visesato mohatamavigamena thometabboti āha ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti. Imasmiñca atthavikappe ‘‘paññāpajjoto’’ti padena bhagavato paṭivedhapaññā viya desanāpaññāpi sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesanayena vā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā.

Atha vā bhagavato ñāṇassa ñeyyapariyantikattā sakalañeyyadhammasabhāvāvabodhanasamatthena anāvaraṇañāṇasaṅkhātena paññāpajjotena sabbañeyyadhammasabhāvacchādakassa mohandhakārassa vidhamitattā anaññasādhāraṇo bhagavato mohatamavināsoti katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti. Ettha ca mohatamavidhamanante adhigatattā anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ kāraṇūpacārena sasantāne mohatamavidhamananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Abhinīhārasampattiyā savāsanappahānameva hi kilesānaṃ ñeyyāvaraṇapahānanti, parasantāne pana mohatamavidhamanassa kāraṇabhāvato phalūpacārena anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘mohatamavidhamana’’nti vuccatīti.

Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ avijjāsamugghātoyeveko pahānasampattivasena bhagavato thomanānimittaṃ gayhati, na pana sātisayaṃ niravasesakilesapahānanti? Tappahānavacaneneva tadekaṭṭhatāya sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghātassa jotitabhāvato. Na hi so tādiso kileso atthi, yo niravasesaavijjāppahānena na pahīyatīti.

Atha vā vijjā viya sakalakusaladhammasamuppattiyā niravasesākusaladhammanibbattiyā saṃsārappavattiyā ca avijjā padhānakāraṇanti tabbighātavacanena sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghāto vutto eva hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti.

Narā ca amarā ca narāmarā, saha narāmarehīti sanarāmaro, sanarāmaro ca so loko cāti sanarāmaraloko, tassa garūti sanarāmaralokagaru, taṃ sanarāmaralokagaruṃ. Etena devamanussānaṃ viya tadavasiṭṭhasattānampi yathārahaṃ guṇavisesāvahatāya bhagavato upakārataṃ dasseti. Na cettha padhānāppadhānabhāvo codetabbo. Añño hi saddakkamo, añño atthakkamo. Edisesu hi samāsapadesu padhānampi appadhānaṃ viya niddisīyati yathā ‘‘sarājikāya parisāyā’’ti (apa. aṭṭha. 1.1.82). Kāmañcettha sattasaṅkhārokāsavasena tividho loko, garubhāvassa pana adhippetattā garukaraṇasamatthasseva sattalokassa vasena attho gahetabbo. So hi lokīyanti ettha puññapāpāni tabbipāko cāti ‘‘loko’’ti vuccati. Amaraggahaṇena cettha upapattidevā adhippetā.

Atha vā samūhattho loka-saddo samudāyavasena lokīyati paññāpīyatīti. Saha narehīti sanarā, sanarā ca te amarā cāti sanarāmarā, tesaṃ lokoti sanarāmaralokoti purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Amara-saddena cettha visuddhidevāpi saṅgayhanti. Te hi maraṇābhāvato paramatthato amarā, narāmarānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena yathā ‘‘satthā devamanussāna’’nti (dī. ni. 1.157). Tathā hi sabbānatthapariharaṇapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantamupakāritāya aparimitanirupamappabhāvaguṇavisesasamaṅgitāya ca sabbasattuttamo bhagavā aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ uttamaṃ gāravaṭṭhānaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’nti.

Sobhanaṃ gataṃ gamanaṃ etassāti sugato. Bhagavato hi veneyyajanupasaṅkamanaṃ ekantena tesaṃ hitasukhanipphādanato sobhanaṃ, tathā lakkhaṇānubyañjanapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya dutavilambitakhalitānukaḍḍhananippīḷanukkuṭikakuṭilākulatādi- dosarahitamavahasitarājahaṃsavasabhavāraṇamigarājagamanaṃ kāyagamanaṃ ñāṇagamanañca vipulanimmalakaruṇāsativīriyādiguṇavisesasahitamabhinīhārato yāva mahābodhi niravajjatāya sobhanamevāti.

Atha vā sayambhūñāṇena sakalamapi lokaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena parijānanto ñāṇena sammā gato avagatoti sugato, tathā lokasamudayaṃ pahānābhisamayavasena pajahanto anuppattidhammataṃ āpādento sammā gato atītoti sugato, lokanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena sammā gato adhigatoti sugato, lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvanābhisamayavasena sammā gato paṭipannoti sugato. ‘‘Sotāpattimaggena ye kilesā pahīnā, te kilese na puneti na pacceti na paccāgacchatīti sugato’’tiādinā nayena (mahāni. 38) ayamattho vibhāvetabboti.

Atha vā sundaraṃ ṭhānaṃ sammāsambodhiṃ, nibbānameva vā gato adhigatoti sugato. Yasmā vā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ veneyyānaṃ yathārahaṃ kālayuttameva ca dhammaṃ bhāsati, tasmā sammā gadati vadatīti sugato da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Iti sobhanagamanatādīhi sugato, taṃ sugataṃ.

Puññapāpakehi upapajjanavasena gantabbato gatiyo, upapattibhavavisesā. Tā pana nirayādivasena pañcavidhā. Tā hi sakalassapi bhavagāmikammassa ariyamaggādhigamena avipākārahabhāvakaraṇena nivattitattā bhagavā pañcahipi gatīhi suṭṭhu mutto visaṃyuttoti āha ‘‘gativimutta’’nti. Etena bhagavato katthacipi apariyāpannataṃ dasseti, yato bhagavā ‘‘devātidevo’’ti vuccati. Tenāha –

‘‘Yena devūpapatyassa, gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo;

Yakkhattaṃ yena gaccheyyaṃ, manussattañca abbaje;

Te mayhaṃ āsavā khīṇā, viddhastā vinaḷīkatā’’ti. (a. ni. 4.36);

Taṃtaṃgatisaṃvattanakānañhi kammakilesānaṃ aggamaggena bodhimūleyeva suppahīnattā natthi bhagavato gatipariyāpannatāti accantameva bhagavā sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsasattanikāyehi suparimutto. Taṃ gativimuttaṃ. Vandeti namāmi, thomemīti vā attho.

Atha vā gativimuttanti anupādisesanibbānadhātuppattiyā bhagavantaṃ thometi. Ettha hi dvīhi ākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā attahitasampattito parahitapaṭipattito ca. Tesu attahitasampatti anāvaraṇañāṇādhigamato, savāsanānaṃ sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ accantapahānato, anupādisesanibbānappattito ca veditabbā. Parahitapaṭipatti lābhasakkārādinirapekkhacittassa sabbadukkhaniyyānikadhammadesanato, viruddhesupi niccaṃ hitajjhāsayavasena ñāṇaparipākakālāgamanato ca. Sā panettha āsayato payogato ca duvidhā parahitapaṭipatti, tividhā ca attahitasampatti pakāsitā hoti, kathaṃ? ‘‘Karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena āsayato parahitapaṭipatti, sammāgadanatthena sugata-saddena payogato parahitapaṭipatti, ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ gativimutta’’nti etehi catusaccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugata-saddena tividhāpi attahitasampatti, avasiṭṭhatthena tena ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena ca sabbāpi attahitasampatti parahitapaṭipatti pakāsitā hotīti.

Atha vā tīhi ākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā – hetuto phalato upakārato ca. Tattha hetu mahākaruṇā, sā paṭhamapadena dassitā. Phalaṃ catubbidhaṃ ñāṇasampadā pahānasampadā ānubhāvasampadā rūpakāyasampadā cāti. Tāsu ñāṇapahānasampadā dutiyapadena saccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugata-saddena pakāsitā honti, ānubhāvasampadā pana tatiyapadena, rūpakāyasampadā yathāvuttakāyagamanasobhanatthena sugata-saddena lakkhaṇānubyañjanapāripūriyā vinā tadabhāvato . Upakāro anantaraṃ abāhiraṃ karitvā tividhayānamukhena vimuttidhammadesanā. So sammāgadanatthena sugata-saddena pakāsito hotīti veditabbaṃ.

Tattha ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ dasseti. Mahākaruṇāya sañcoditamānaso hi bhagavā saṃsārapaṅkato sattānaṃ samuddharaṇatthaṃ katābhinīhāro anupubbena pāramiyo pūretvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigatoti karuṇā sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ. ‘‘Paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena sammāsambodhiṃ dasseti. Anāvaraṇañāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi maggañāṇaṃ, maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ sammāsambodhīti vuccatīti. Sammāgamanatthena sugata-saddena sammāsambodhiyā paṭipattiṃ dasseti līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhallikattakilamathānuyoga-sassatucchedābhinivesādi-antadvayarahitāya karuṇāpaññāpariggahitāya majjhimāya paṭipattiyā pakāsanato sugata-saddassa. Itarehi sammāsambodhiyā padhānāppadhānabhedaṃ payojanaṃ dasseti. Saṃsāramahoghato sattasantāraṇañhettha padhānaṃ payojanaṃ, tadaññamappadhānaṃ. Tesu padhānena parahitapaṭipattiṃ dasseti, itarena attahitasampattiṃ, tadubhayena attahitāya paṭipannādīsu catūsu puggalesu bhagavato catutthapuggalabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tena ca anuttaradakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ, uttamavandanīyabhāvaṃ, attano ca vandanakiriyāya khettaṅgatabhāvaṃ dasseti.

Ettha ca karuṇāgahaṇena lokiyesu mahaggatabhāvappattāsādhāraṇaguṇadīpanato bhagavato sabbalokiyaguṇasampatti dassitā hoti, paññāgahaṇena sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānamaggañāṇadīpanato sabbalokuttaraguṇasampatti. Tadubhayaggahaṇasiddho hi attho ‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’ntiādinā vipañcīyatīti. Karuṇāgahaṇena ca upagamanaṃ nirupakkilesaṃ dasseti, paññāgahaṇena apagamanaṃ. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena lokasamaññānurūpaṃ bhagavato pavattiṃ dasseti lokavohāravisayattā karuṇāya, paññāgahaṇena samaññāya anatidhāvanaṃ. Sabhāvānavabodhena hi dhammānaṃ samaññaṃ atidhāvitvā sattādiparāmasanaṃ hotīti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattivihāraṃ dasseti, paññāgahaṇena tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇaṃ catusaccañāṇaṃ catupaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ catuvesārajjañāṇaṃ, karuṇāgahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattiñāṇassa gahitattā sesādhāraṇañāṇāni cha abhiññā aṭṭhasu parisāsu akampanañāṇāni dasa balāni cuddasa buddhañāṇāni soḷasa ñāṇacariyā aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni sattasattati ñāṇavatthūnīti evamādīnaṃ anekesaṃ paññāpabhedānaṃ vasena ñāṇacāraṃ dasseti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena caraṇasampattiṃ, paññāgahaṇena vijjāsampattiṃ. Karuṇāgahaṇena attādhipatitā, paññāgahaṇena dhammādhipatitā. Karuṇāgahaṇena lokanāthabhāvo, paññāgahaṇena attanāthabhāvo. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena pubbakāribhāvo, paññāgahaṇena kataññutā. Karuṇāgahaṇena aparantapatā, paññāgahaṇena anattantapatā. Karuṇāgahaṇena vā buddhakaradhammasiddhi, paññāgahaṇena buddhabhāvasiddhi. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena paresaṃ tāraṇaṃ, paññāgahaṇena sayaṃ tāraṇaṃ. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena sabbasattesu anuggahacittatā, paññāgahaṇena sabbadhammesu virattacittatā dassitā hoti.

Sabbesañca buddhaguṇānaṃ karuṇā ādi tannidānabhāvato, paññā pariyosānaṃ tato uttari karaṇīyābhāvato. Iti ādipariyosānadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena sīlakkhandhapubbaṅgamo samādhikkhandho dassito hoti. Karuṇānidānañhi sīlaṃ tato pāṇātipātādiviratippavattito, sā ca jhānattayasampayoginīti. Paññāvacanena paññākkhandho. Sīlañca sabbabuddhaguṇānaṃ ādi, samādhi majjhe, paññā pariyosānanti evampi ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti nayato dassitattā. Eso eva hi niravasesato buddhaguṇānaṃ dassanupāyo, yadidaṃ nayaggahaṇaṃ, aññathā ko nāma samattho bhagavato guṇe anupadaṃ niravasesato dassetuṃ. Tenevāha –

‘‘Buddhopi buddhassa bhaṇeyya vaṇṇaṃ,

Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno;

Khīyetha kappo ciradīghamantare,

Vaṇṇo na khīyetha tathāgatassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.304; 3.141; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.425; udā. 53; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 4.5; cariyā. aṭṭha. nidānakathā, pakiṇṇakakathā; apa. 2.7.20) –

Teneva ca āyasmatā sāriputtattherenapi buddaguṇaparicchedanaṃ pati anuyuttena ‘‘no hetaṃ, bhante’’ti paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘api ca me, bhante, dhammanvayo vidito’’ti (dī. ni. 2.146) vuttaṃ.

2. Evaṃ saṅkhepena sakalasabbaññuguṇehi bhagavantaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni saddhammaṃ thometuṃ ‘‘buddhopī’’tiādimāha. Tattha buddhoti kattuniddeso. Buddhabhāvanti kammaniddeso. Bhāvetvā sacchikatvāti ca pubbakālakiriyāniddeso. Yanti aniyamato kammaniddeso. Upagatoti aparakālakiriyāniddeso. Vandeti kiriyāniddeso. Tanti niyamanaṃ. Dhammanti vandanakiriyāya kammaniddeso. Gatamalaṃ anuttaranti ca tabbisesanaṃ.

Tattha buddhasaddassa tāva – ‘‘bujjhitā saccānīti buddho, bodhetā pajāyāti buddho’’tiādinā niddesanayena (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 97) attho veditabbo. Atha vā savāsanāya aññāṇaniddāya accantavigamato, buddhiyā vā vikasitabhāvato buddhavāti buddho jāgaraṇavikasanatthavasena. Atha vā kassacipi ñeyyadhammassa anavabuddhassa abhāvena ñeyyavisesassa kammabhāvena aggahaṇato kammavacanicchāya abhāvena avagamanatthavaseneva kattuniddeso labbhatīti buddhavāti buddho yathā ‘‘dikkhito na dadātī’’ti. Atthato pana pāramitāparibhāvito sayambhūñāṇena saha vāsanāya vihataviddhastaniravasesakileso mahākaruṇā sabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimeyyaguṇagaṇādhāro khandhasantāno buddho. Yathāha – ‘‘buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi. Tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto balesu ca vasībhāva’’nti (mahāni. 192). Api-saddo sambhāvane. Tena ‘‘evaṃ guṇavisesayutto sopi nāma bhagavā’’ti vakkhamānaguṇe dhamme sambhāvanaṃ dīpeti. Buddhabhāvanti sammāsambodhiṃ. Bhāvetvāti uppādetvā vaḍḍhetvā ca. Sacchikatvāti paccakkhaṃ katvā. Upagatoti patto, adhigatoti attho. Etassa ‘‘buddhabhāva’’nti etena sambandho. Gatamalanti vigatamalaṃ, niddosanti attho. Vandeti paṇamāmi, thomemi vā. Anuttaranti uttararahitaṃ, lokuttaranti attho. Dhammanti yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne apāyato saṃsārato ca apatamāne dhāretīti dhammo.

Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – evaṃ vividhaguṇagaṇasamannāgato buddhopi bhagavā yaṃ ariyamaggasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā phalanibbānasaṅkhātaṃ pana dhammaṃ sacchikatvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigato, tametaṃ buddhānampi buddhabhāvahetubhūtaṃ sabbadosamalarahitaṃ attano uttaritarābhāvena anuttaraṃ paṭivedhasaddhammaṃ namāmīti. Pariyattisaddhammassapi tappakāsanattā idha saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā ‘‘abhidhammanayasamuddaṃ adhigacchi, tīṇi piṭakāni sammasī’’ti ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā pariyattidhammassapi sacchikiriyasammasanapariyāyo labbhatīti sopi idha vutto evāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Tathā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā sacchikatvā’’ti ca vuttattā buddhakaradhammabhūtāhi pāramitāhi saha pubbabhāge adhisīlasikkhādayopi idha dhamma-saddena saṅgahitāti veditabbaṃ. Tāpi hi malapaṭipakkhatāya gatamalā anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttarā cāti. Tathā hi sattānaṃ sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthāya katamahābhinīhāro mahākaruṇādhivāsapesalajjhāsayo paññāvisesaparidhotanimmalānaṃ dānadamasaññamādīnaṃ uttamadhammānaṃ satasahassādhikāni kappānaṃ cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ niravasesānaṃ bhāvanāpaccakkhakaraṇehi kammādīsu adhigatavasibhāvo acchariyācinteyyamahānubhāvo adhisīlādhicittānaṃ paramukkaṃsapāramippatto bhagavā paccayākāre catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena mahāvajirañāṇaṃ pesetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti.

Ettha ca ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena vijjāsampadāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena vimuttisampadāya. Tathā paṭhamena jhānasampadāya, dutiyena vimokkhasampadāya. Paṭhamena vā samādhisampadāya, dutiyena samāpattisampadāya. Atha vā paṭhamena khayeñāṇabhāvena, dutiyena anuppādeñāṇabhāvena. Purimena vā vijjūpamatāya, dutiyena vajirupamatāya. Purimena vā virāgasampattiyā, dutiyena nirodhasampattiyā. Tathā paṭhamena niyyānabhāvena, dutiyena nissaraṇabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā hetubhāvena, dutiyena asaṅkhatabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā dassanabhāvena, dutiyena vivekabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā adhipatibhāvena, dutiyena amatabhāvena dhammaṃ thometi. Atha vā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā buddhabhāvaṃ upagato’’ti etena svākkhātatāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena sandiṭṭhikatāya. Tathā purimena akālikatāya, pacchimena ehipassikatāya. Purimena vā opaneyyikatāya, pacchimena paccattaṃ veditabbatāya dhammaṃ thometi. ‘‘Gatamala’’nti iminā saṃkilesābhāvadīpanena dhammassa parisuddhataṃ dasseti. ‘‘Anuttara’’nti etena aññassa visiṭṭhassa abhāvadīpanena vipulaparipuṇṇataṃ. Paṭhamena vā pahānasampadaṃ dhammassa dasseti, dutiyena sabhāvasampadaṃ. Bhāvetabbatāya vā dhammassa gatamalabhāvo yojetabbo. Bhāvanābalena hi so dosānaṃ samugghātako hotīti. Sacchikātabbabhāvena anuttarabhāvo yojetabbo. Sacchikiriyānibbattito hi tatuttarikaraṇīyābhāvato anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttaroti. Tathā ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena saha pubbabhāgasīlādīhi sekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā honti. ‘‘Sacchikatvā’’ti etena saha asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā asekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā hontīti.

3. Evaṃ saṅkhepeneva sabbadhammaguṇehi saddhammaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni ariyasaṅghaṃ thometuṃ ‘‘sugatassā’’tiādimāha. Tattha sugatassāti sambandhaniddeso . Tassa ‘‘puttāna’’nti etena sambandho . Orasānanti puttavisesanaṃ. Mārasenamathanānanti orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaniddeso. Tena kilesapahānameva bhagavato orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaṃ anujānātīti dasseti. Aṭṭhannanti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso. Tena ca satipi tesaṃ sattavisesabhāvena anekasahassasaṅkhābhāve imaṃ gaṇanaparicchedaṃ nātivattantīti dasseti maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvānativattanato. Samūhanti samudāyaniddeso. Ariyasaṅghanti guṇavisiṭṭhasaṅghātabhāvaniddeso. Tena asatipi ariyapuggalānaṃ kāyasāmaggiyaṃ ariyasaṅghabhāvaṃ dasseti diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhatabhāvato.

Tattha urasi bhavā jātā saṃbaddhā ca orasā. Yathā hi sattānaṃ orasaputtā attajātatāya pitu santakassa dāyajjassa visesena bhāgino honti, evametepi ariyapuggalā sammāsambuddhassa dhammassavanante ariyāya jātiyā jātatāya bhagavato santakassa vimuttisukhassa ariyadhammaratanassa ca ekantabhāginoti orasā viya orasā. Atha vā bhagavato dhammadesanānubhāveneva ariyabhūmiṃ okkamamānā okkantā ca ariyasāvakā bhagavato urena vāyāmajanitābhijātitāya nippariyāyena orasā puttāti vattabbataṃ arahanti. Sāvakehi pavattiyamānāpi hi dhammadesanā ‘‘bhagavato dhammadesanā’’icceva vuccati tammūlikattā lakkhaṇādivisesābhāvato ca.

Yadipi ariyasāvakānaṃ ariyamaggādhigamasamaye bhagavato viya tadantarāyakaraṇatthaṃ devaputtamāro, māravāhinī vā na ekantena apasādeti, tehi pana apasādetabbatāya kāraṇe vimathite tepi vimathitā eva nāma hontīti āha ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti. Imasmiṃ panatthe ‘‘māramārasenamathanāna’’nti vattabbe mārasenamathanānanti ekadesasarūpekaseso katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā khandhābhisaṅkhāramārānaṃ viya devaputtamārassapi guṇamāraṇe sahāyabhāvūpagamanato kilesabalakāyo ‘‘senā’’ti vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘kāmā te paṭhamā senā’’tiādi (su. ni. 438). Sā ca tehi diyaḍḍhasahassabhedā, anantabhedā vā kilesavāhinī satidhammavicayavīriyasamathādiguṇapaharaṇehi odhiso vimathitā vihatā viddhastā cāti mārasenamathanā, ariyasāvakā. Etena tesaṃ bhagavato anujātaputtataṃ dasseti.

Ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye ca iriyanato ariyā niruttinayena. Atha vā sadevakena lokena saraṇanti araṇīyato upagantabbato, upagatānañca tadatthasiddhito ariyā. Ariyānaṃ saṅghoti ariyasaṅgho. Ariyo ca so saṅgho cāti vā ariyasaṅgho. Bhagavato aparabhāge buddhadhammaratanānampi samadhigamo saṅgharatanādhīnoti assa ariyasaṅghassa bahūpakārataṃ dassetuṃ idheva ‘‘sirasā vande’’ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Ettha ca ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti, ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena pahānasampadaṃ sakalasaṃkilesapahānadīpanato, ‘‘aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena ñāṇasampadaṃ maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvadīpanato. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti etena pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti sabbasaṅghānaṃ aggabhāvadīpanato. Atha vā sugatassa orasānaṃ puttānanti ariyasaṅghassa visuddhanissayabhāvadīpanaṃ. Mārasenamathanānanti sammāujuñāyasāmīcippaṭipannabhāvadīpanaṃ. Aṭṭhannampi samūhanti āhuneyyādibhāvadīpanaṃ. Ariyasaṅghanti anuttarapuññakhettabhāvadīpanaṃ. Tathā ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa lokuttarasaraṇagamanasabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Lokuttarasaraṇagamanena hi te bhagavato orasaputtā jātā. ‘‘Mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena abhinīhārasampadāya siddhaṃ pubbabhāge sammāpaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Katābhinīhārā hi sammāpaṭipannā māraṃ māraparisaṃ vā abhivijinanti. ‘‘Aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena paṭividdhastavipakkhe sekkhāsekkhadhamme dasseti puggalādhiṭṭhānena maggaphaladhammānaṃ pakāsitattā. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti aggadakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ dasseti. Saraṇagamanañca sāvakānaṃ sabbaguṇānaṃ ādi, sapubbabhāgapaṭipadā sekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo majjhe, asekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo pariyosānanti ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇā saṅkhepato sabbe ariyasaṅghaguṇā pakāsitā honti.

4. Evaṃ gāthāttayena saṅkhepato sakalaguṇasaṃkittanamukhena ratanattayassa paṇāmaṃ katvā idāni taṃ nipaccakāraṃ yathādhippete payojane pariṇāmento ‘‘iti me’’tiādimāha. Tattha ratijananaṭṭhena ratanaṃ, buddhadhammasaṅghā. Tesañhi ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā yathābhūtaguṇe āvajjentassa amatādhigamahetubhūtaṃ anappakaṃ pītipāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Yathāha –

‘‘Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti tathāgataṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pamuditassa pīti jāyatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11).

Cittīkatādibhāvo vā ratanaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;

Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33; khu. pā. aṭṭha. 6.3; su. ni. aṭṭha. 226; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50) –

Cittīkatabhāvādayo ca anaññasādhāraṇā buddhādīsu eva labbhantīti.

Vandanāva vandanāmayaṃ yathā ‘‘dānamayaṃ sīlamaya’’nti. Vandanā cettha kāyavācācittehi tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaninnatā, thomanā vā. Pujjabhavaphalanibbattanato puññaṃ, attano santānaṃ punātīti vā. Suvihatantarāyoti. Suṭṭhu vihatantarāyo. Etena attano pasādasampattiyā, ratanattayassa ca khettabhāvasampattiyā taṃ puññaṃ atthappakāsanassa upaghātakaupaddavānaṃ vihanane samatthanti dasseti. Hutvāti pubbakālakiriyā. Tassa ‘‘atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena sambandho. Tassāti yaṃ ratanattayavandanāmayaṃ puññaṃ, tassa. Ānubhāvenāti balena.

5. Evaṃ ratanattayassa nipaccakāre payojanaṃ dassetvā idāni yassā dhammadesanāya atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetukāmo, tassā tāva guṇābhitthavanavasena upaññāpanatthaṃ ‘‘saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassā’’tiādi vuttaṃ, devatāsaṃyuttādisaṃyuttehi ceva naḷavaggādivaggehi ca vibhūsitassāti attho. Tattha ‘‘saṃyutta’’nti ‘‘saṃyogo’’ti ca atthato ekaṃ. Kesaṃ saṃyuttaṃ? Suttavaggānaṃ. Yathā hi byañjanasamudāyo padaṃ, evaṃ atthesu ca katāvadhiko padasamudāyo vākyaṃ, vākyasamudāyo suttaṃ, suttasamudāye vaggoti samaññā, tathā suttavaggasamudāye saṃyuttasamaññā. Saṃyujjantīti ettha suttavaggāti saṃyuttaṃ. Yadipi avayavavinimutto samudāyo nāma paramatthato natthi, avayave eva taṃtaṃsannivesavisiṭṭhe upādāya padādisamaññā viya suttavaggasamaññā saṃyuttasamaññā āgamasamaññā ca, tathāpi paramatthato avijjamānopi samudāyo buddhiparikappitarūpena vijjamāno viya gayhamāno avayavānaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhāvena voharīyati yathā ‘‘rukkhe sākhā’’ti, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassā’’ti.

Nanu saṃyuttavaggo eva āgamo, tassa pana kehi maṇḍananti? Na codetabbametaṃ. Bhavati hi abhinnepi vatthusmiṃ yathādhippetavisesāvabodhanato bhedakasamudācāro yathā ‘‘silāputtakassa sarīra’’nti. Āgamissanti ettha, etena, etasmā vā attatthaparatthādayoti āgamo, ādikalyāṇādiguṇasampattiyā uttamaṭṭhena taṃtaṃabhipatthitasamiddhihetutāya paṇḍitehi varitabbato varo, āgamo ca so varo cāti āgamavaro. Āgamasammatehi vā varoti āgamavaro, saṃyutto ca so āgamavaro cāti saṃyuttāgamavaro, tassa. Buddhānaṃ anubuddhā buddhānubuddhā, buddhānaṃ saccapaṭivedhaṃ anugamma paṭividdhasaccā aggasāvakādayo ariyā. Tehi atthasaṃvaṇṇanāguṇasaṃvaṇṇanānaṃ vasena saṃvaṇṇitassa.

Atha vā buddhā ca anubuddhā ca buddhānubuddhāti yojetabbaṃ. Sammāsambuddheneva hi vinayasuttaabhidhammānaṃ pakiṇṇakadesanādivasena yo paṭhamaṃ attho vibhatto, so eva pacchā tesaṃ atthavaṇṇanāvasena saṅgītikārehi saṅgahaṃ āropitoti. Ettha ca saṃyuttānaṃ vaggā samūhāti saṃyuttavaggā, sagāthāvaggādayo. Tappariyāpannatāya saṃyuttesu vaggā saṃyuttavaggā, naḷavaggādayo. Saṃyuttāva vaggā saṃyuttavaggā. Tividhepi te ekasesanayena gahetvā vuttaṃ ‘‘saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassā’’ti.

Tattha sagāthāvagge tāva ekādasa saṃyuttāni aṭṭhatiṃsa vaggā. Nidānavagge nava saṃyuttāni ekūnacattālīsa vaggā. Khandhavagge ekādasa saṃyuttāni ekūnasaṭṭhi vaggā. Saḷāyatanavagge nava saṃyuttāni aṭṭhatiṃsa vaggā. Mahāvagge dvādasa saṃyuttāni aṭṭhacattālīsa vaggā. Idamettha saṃyuttantaravaggānaṃ parimāṇaṃ.

Ñāṇappabhedajananassāti paṭiccasamuppādakhandhāyatanādikathābahulatāya gambhīrañāṇacariyāvibhāvanato paññāvibhāgasamuppādakassa. Idha pana ‘‘paññāppabhedajananassā’’ti svāyamāgamo thomito, saṃvaṇṇanāsu cāyaṃ ācariyassa pakati, yadidaṃ taṃtaṃsaṃvaṇṇanānaṃ ādito tassa tassa saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa visesaguṇakittanena thomanā. Tathā hi sumaṅgalavilāsinīpapañcasūdanīmanorathapūraṇīaṭṭhasālinīādīsu ca yathākkamaṃ ‘‘saddhāvahaguṇassa, paravādamathanassa, dhammakathikapuṅgavānaṃ vicittapaṭibhānajananassa, tassa gambhīrañāṇehi ogāḷhassa abhiṇhaso nānānayavicittassa abhidhammassā’’tiādinā thomanā katā.

6. Attho kathīyati etāyāti atthakathā, atthakathāva aṭṭhakathā ttha-kārassa ṭṭha-kāraṃ katvā yathā ‘‘dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho’’ti. Āditoti ādimhi paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ. Chaḷabhiññatāya paramena cittavasibhāvena samannāgatattā jhānādīsu pañcavidhavasitāsambhāvato ca vasino, therā mahākassapādayo . Tesaṃ satehi pañcahi. Yāti yā aṭṭhakathā. Saṅgītāti atthaṃ kathetuṃ yuttaṭṭhāne ‘‘ayaṃ etassa attho, ayaṃ etassa attho’’ti saṅgahetvā vuttā. Anusaṅgītā ca yasattherādīhi pacchāpi dutiyatatiyasaṅgītīsu. Iminā attano saṃvaṇṇanāya āgamanavisuddhiṃ dasseti.

7. Sīhassa lānato gahaṇato sīhaḷo, sīhakumāro, tabbaṃsajātatāya tambapaṇṇidīpe khattiyā, tesaṃ nivāsatāya tambapaṇṇidīpassa ca sīhaḷabhāvo veditabbo. Ābhatāti jambudīpato ānītā. Athāti pacchā. Aparabhāge hi nikāyantaraladdhīhi asaṅkaratthaṃ sīhaḷabhāsāya aṭṭhakathā ṭhapitāti. Tena mūlaṭṭhakathā sabbasādhāraṇā na hotīti idaṃ atthappakāsanaṃ ekantena karaṇīyanti dasseti. Tenevāha ‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāyā’’ti. Ettha dīpavāsīnanti jambudīpavāsīnaṃ, sīhaḷadīpavāsīnaṃ vā atthāya sīhaḷabhāsāya ṭhapitāti yojanā.

8.Apanetvāti kañcukasadisaṃ sīhaḷabhāsaṃ apanetvā. Tatoti aṭṭhakathāto. Ahanti attānaṃ niddisati. Manoramaṃ bhāsanti māgadhabhāsaṃ. Sā hi sabhāvaniruttibhūtā paṇḍitamanaṃ ramayati. Tenevāha ‘‘tantinayānucchavika’’nti, pāḷigatiyā anulomikaṃ pāḷichāyānuvidhāyininti attho. Vigatadosanti asabhāvaniruttibhāsantararahitaṃ.

9.Samayaṃ avilomentoti siddhantaṃ avirodhento. Etena atthadosābhāvamāha. Aviruddhattā eva hi theravādāpi idha pakāsīyissanti. Theravaṃsadīpānanti thirehi sīlakkhandhādīhi samannāgatattā therā, mahākassapādayo. Tehi āgatā ācariyaparamparā theravaṃso, tappariyāpannā hutvā āgamādhigamasampannattā paññāpajjotena tassa samujjalanato theravaṃsadīpā, mahāvihāravāsino, tesaṃ. Vividhehi ākārehi nicchīyatīti vinicchayo, gaṇṭhiṭṭhānesu khilamaddanākārena pavattā vimaticchedanī kathā. Suṭṭhunipuṇo saṇho vinicchayo etesanti sunipuṇavinicchayā. Atha vā vinicchinotīti vinicchayo vuttappakāravisayaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Suṭṭhu nipuṇo cheko vinicchayo etesanti yojetabbaṃ. Etena mahākassapāditheraparamparāgato, tato eva ca aviparīto saṇho sukhumo mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vinicchayo, tassa pamāṇabhūtataṃ dasseti.

10.Sujanassa cāti ca-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena ‘‘na kevalaṃ jambudīpavāsīnameva atthāya , atha kho sādhujanatosanatthañcā’’ti dasseti. Tena ca ‘‘tambapaṇṇidīpavāsīnampi atthāyā’’ti ayamattho siddho hoti uggahaṇādisukaratāya tesampi bahukārattā. Ciraṭṭhitatthanti ciraṭṭhitiatthaṃ, cirakālappavattanāyāti attho. Idañhi atthappakāsanaṃ aviparītapadabyañjanasunikkhepassa atthasunayassa ca upāyabhāvato saddhammassa ciraṭṭhitiyā pavattati. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame dve? Sunikkhittañca padabyañjanaṃ attho ca sunīto’’ti (a. ni. 2.20).

11-12. Yaṃ atthavaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, tassā mahattaṃ pariharituṃ ‘‘sāvatthipabhūtīna’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tenevāha – ‘‘na idha bhiyyo vitthārakathaṃ karissāmi, na taṃ idha vicārayissāmī’’ti ca. Saṅgītīnaṃ dvinnanti dīghamajjhimanikāyānaṃ.

13. ‘‘Na idha bhiyyo vitthārakathaṃ karissāmī’’ti sāmaññato vuttassa atthassa avassayaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘suttānaṃ panā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.

14. Yaṃ aṭṭhakathaṃ kattukāmo, tadekadesabhāvena visuddhimaggo gahetabboti kathikānaṃ upadesaṃ karonto tatta vicāritadhamme uddesavasena dasseti ‘‘sīlakathā’’tiādinā. Tattha sīlakathāti cārittavārittādivasena sīlassa vitthārakathā. Dhutadhammāti piṇḍapātikaṅgādayo terasa kilesadhunanakadhammā. Kammaṭṭhānāni sabbānīti pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni aṭṭhattiṃsa, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dveti niravasesāni yogakammassa bhāvanāya pavattiṭṭhānāni. Cariyāvidhānasahitoti rāgacariyādīnaṃ sabhāgādividhānena sahito. Jhānāni cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni, samāpattiyo catasso arūpasamāpattiyo. Aṭṭhapi vā paṭiladdhamattāni jhānāni, samāpajjanavasibhāvappattiyā samāpattiyo. Jhānāni vā rūpārūpāvacarajjhānāni, samāpattiyo phalasamāpattinirodhasamāpattiyo.

15. Lokiyalokuttarabhedā cha abhiññāyo sabbā abhiññāyo. Ñāṇavibhaṅgādīsu āgatanayena ekavidhādinā paññāya saṅkaletvā sampiṇḍetvā nicchayo paññāsaṅkalananicchayo.

16. Paccayadhammānaṃ hetuādīnaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ hetupaccayādibhāvo paccayākāro, tassa desanā paccayākāradesanā, paṭiccasamuppādakathāti attho. Sā pana nikāyantaraladdhisaṅkararahitatāya suṭṭhuparisuddhā, ghanavinibbhogassa ca sudukkaratāya nipuṇā saṇhasukhumā, ekattanayādisahitā ca tattha vicāritāti āha ‘‘suparisuddhanipuṇanayā’’ti. Paṭisambhidādīsu āgatanayaṃ avisajjetvāva vicāritattā avimuttatantimaggā.

17.Iti pana sabbanti iti-saddo parisamāpane, pana-saddo vacanālaṅkāre, etaṃ sabbanti attho. Idhāti imissā aṭṭhakathāya. Na taṃ vicārayissāmi punaruttibhāvatoti adhippāyo.

18. Idāni tasseva avicāraṇassa ekantakāraṇaṃ niddhārento ‘‘majjhe visuddhimaggo’’tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘majjhe ṭhatvā’’ti etena majjhaṭṭhabhāvadīpanena visesato catunnaṃ āgamānaṃ sādhāraṇaṭṭhakathā visuddhimaggo, na sumaṅgalavilāsiniādayo viya asādhāraṇaṭṭhakathāti dasseti. ‘‘Visesato’’ti ca idaṃ vinayābhidhammānampi visuddhimaggo yathārahaṃ atthavaṇṇanā hoti evāti katvā vuttaṃ.

19.Iccevāti iti eva. Tampīti visuddhimaggampi. Etāyāti sāratthappakāsiniyā.

Ettha ca ‘‘sīhaḷadīpaṃ ābhatā’’tiādinā aṭṭhakathākaraṇassa nimittaṃ dasseti, ‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāya sujanassa ca tuṭṭhatthaṃ ciraṭṭhitatthañca dhammassā’’ti etehi payojanaṃ, ‘‘saṃyuttāgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena piṇḍatthaṃ, ‘‘apanetvāna tatohaṃ sīhaḷabhāsa’’ntiādinā ‘‘sāvatthipabhūtīna’’ntiādinā ‘‘sīlakathā’’tiādinā ca karaṇappakāraṃ. Heṭṭhimanikāyesu visuddhimagge ca vicāritānaṃ atthānaṃ avicāraṇampi hi idha karaṇappakāro evāti.

Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

1. Devatāsaṃyuttaṃ

1. Naḷavaggo

1. Oghataraṇasuttavaṇṇanā

Vibhāgavantānaṃ sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanavaseneva hotīti paṭhamaṃ tāva saṃyuttavaggasuttādivasena saṃyuttāgamassa vibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tattha saṃyuttāgamo nāmā’’tiādimāha. Tattha tatthāti yaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘saṃyuttāgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti, tasmiṃ vacane. Tatthāti vā ‘‘etāya aṭṭhakathāya vijānātha saṃyuttanissitaṃ attha’’nti ettha yaṃ saṃyuttaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ, tattha. Pañca vaggā etassāti pañcavaggo. Avayavena viggaho, samudāyo samāsattho.

Idāni taṃ ādito paṭṭhāya saṃvaṇṇetukāmo attano saṃvaṇṇanāya tassa paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkameneva pavattabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ, ‘‘tassa vaggesu sagāthāvaggo ādī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yathāpaccayaṃ tattha tattha desitattā paññattattā ca vippakiṇṇānaṃ dhammavinayānaṃ saṅgahetvā gāyanaṃ kathanaṃ saṅgīti, mahāvisayattā pūjaniyattā ca mahatī saṅgīti mahāsaṅgīti. Paṭhamā mahāsaṅgīti paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti, tassā pavattitakālo paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikālo, tasmiṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle.

Nidadāti desanaṃ desakālādivasena aviditaṃ viditaṃ katvā nidassetīti nidānaṃ. Yo loke ganthassa upogghātoti vuccati, svāyamettha ‘‘evaṃ me suta’’nti-ādiko gantho veditabbo, na pana ‘‘sanidānāhaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desemī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.126) viya attajjhāsayādidesanuppattihetu. Tenevāha – ‘‘evaṃ me sutanti-ādikaṃ āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle vuttaṃ nidānamādī’’ti. Kāmañcettha yassaṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkamena saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, sā vitthārato vattabbā, sumaṅgalavilāsiniyaṃ pana attanā vitthāritattā tattheva gahetabbāti imissā saṃvaṇṇanāya mahattaṃ pariharanto ‘‘sā panesā’’tiādimāha.

1. Evaṃ bāhiranidāne vattabbaṃ atidisitvā idāni abbhantaranidānaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya saṃvaṇṇetuṃ ‘‘yaṃ paneta’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yasmā saṃvaṇṇanaṃ karontena saṃvaṇṇetabbe dhamme padavibhāgaṃ padatthañca dassetvā tato paraṃ piṇḍatthādidassanavasena saṃvaṇṇanā kātabbā, tasmā padāni tāva dassento ‘‘evanti nipātapada’’nti-ādimāha. Tattha padavibhāgoti padānaṃ viseso, na padaviggaho. Atha vā padāni ca padavibhāgo ca padavibhāgo. Padaviggaho ca padavibhāgo ca padavibhāgoti vā ekasesavasena padapadaviggahā padavibhāgasaddena vuttāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha padaviggaho ‘‘jetassa vanaṃ jetavana’’ntiādinā samāsapadesu daṭṭhabbo.

Atthatoti padatthato. Taṃ pana padatthaṃ atthuddhārakkamena paṭhamaṃ evaṃsaddassa dassento ‘‘evaṃsaddo tāvā’’tiādimāha. Avadhāraṇādīti ettha ādi-saddena idamatthapucchāparimāṇādiatthānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tathā hi ‘‘evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni (dī. ni. 1.163, 165), evaṃvidho evamākāro’’ti ca ādīsu idaṃ-saddassa atthe evaṃ-saddo. Gata-saddo hi pakārapariyāyo, tathā vidhākāra-saddo ca. Tathā hi gatavidhaākārasadde lokiyā pakāratthe vadanti. ‘‘Evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā kappitakesamassū āmuttamālābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyakoti. No hidaṃ, bho gotamā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.286) pucchāyaṃ, ‘‘evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ (a. ni. 1.48), evamāyupariyanto’’ti (pārā. 12) ca ādīsu parimāṇe.

Nanu ca ‘‘evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā, evamāyupariyanto’’ti ettha evaṃ-saddena pucchanākāraparimāṇākārānaṃ vuttattā ākārattho eva evaṃ-saddoti? Na, visesasabbhāvato. Ākāramattavācako hi evaṃ-saddo, ākāratthoti adhippeto yathā ‘‘evaṃ byākho’’tiādīsu, na pana ākāravisesavācako. Evañca katvā, ‘‘evaṃ jātena maccenā’’tiādīni (dha. pa. 53) upamādīsu udāharaṇāni upapannāni honti. Tathā hi ‘‘yathāpi…pe… bahu’’nti (dha. pa. 53)? Ettha puppharāsiṭṭhāniyato manussūpapattisappurisūpanissaya-saddhammassavana- yonisomanasikāra-bhogasampattiādidānādipuññakiriyahetusamudāyato sobhāsugandhatādiguṇayogato mālāguḷasadisiyo pahūtā puññakiriyā maritabbasabhāvatāya maccena sattena kattabbāti jotitattā puppharāsimālāguḷāva upamā, tesaṃ upamākāro yathā-saddena aniyamato vuttoti ‘‘evaṃ-saddo upamākāranigamanattho’’ti vatthuṃ yuttaṃ, so pana upamākāro niyamiyamāno atthato upamāva hotīti āha ‘‘upamāyaṃ āgato’’ti. Tathā ‘‘evaṃ iminā ākārena abhikkamitabba’’ntiādinā upadisiyamānāya samaṇasāruppāya ākappasampattiyā yo tattha upadisanākāro, so atthato upadeso evāti vuttaṃ, ‘‘evaṃ te…pe… upadese’’ti. Tathā ‘‘evametaṃ bhagavā, evametaṃ sugatā’’ti ettha ca bhagavatā yathāvuttamatthaṃ aviparītato jānantehi kataṃ tattha saṃvijjamānaguṇānaṃ pakārehi haṃsanaṃ udaggatākaraṇaṃ sampahaṃsanaṃ. Yo tattha sampahaṃsanākāroti yojetabbaṃ.

Evamevaṃ panāyanti ettha garahaṇākāroti yojetabbaṃ, so ca garahaṇākāro vasalīti-ādikhuṃsanasaddasannidhānato idha evaṃ-saddena pakāsitoti viññāyati. Yathā cettha, evaṃ upamākārādayopi upamādivasena vuttānaṃ puppharāsiādisaddānaṃ sannidhānatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ, bhanteti pana dhammassa sādhukaṃ savanamanasikāre sanniyojitehi bhikkhūhi attano tattha ṭhitabhāvassa paṭijānanavasena vuttattā ettha evaṃ-saddo ‘‘vacanasampaṭicchanattho’’ti vutto. Tena evaṃ, bhanteti sādhu, bhante, suṭṭhu, bhanteti vuttaṃ hoti. Evañca vadehīti yathāhaṃ vadāmi, evaṃ samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ vadehīti yo evaṃ vadanākāro idāni vattabbo, so evaṃ-saddena nidassīyatīti ‘‘nidassanattho’’ti vuttoti. Evaṃ noti etthāpi nesaṃ yathāvuttadhammānaṃ ahitadukkhāvahabhāve sanniṭṭhānajananatthaṃ anumatigahaṇavasena ‘‘saṃvattanti vā no vā, kathaṃ vo ettha hotī’’ti pucchāya katāya ‘‘evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti vuttattā tadākārasanniṭṭhānaṃ evaṃ-saddena vibhāvitanti viññāyati. So pana tesaṃ dhammānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanākāro niyamiyamāno avadhāraṇattho hotīti āha – ‘‘evaṃ no ettha hotītiādīsu avadhāraṇe’’ti.

Nānānayanipuṇanti ekattanānattaabyāpāraevaṃdhammatāsaṅkhātā, nandiyāvaṭṭatipukkhalasīhavikkīḷitaaṅkusadisālocanasaṅkhātā vā ādhārādibhedavasena nānāvidhā nayā nānānayā. Nayā vā pāḷigatiyo tā ca paññattianupaññattiādivasena saṃkilesabhāgiyādilokiyāditadubhayavomissakādivasena kusalādivasena khandhādivasena saṅgahādivasena samayavimuttādivasena ṭhapanādivasena kusalamūlādivasena tikappaṭṭhānādivasena ca nānappakārāti nānānayā, tehi nipuṇaṃ saṇhaṃ sukhumanti nānānayanipuṇaṃ. Āsayova ajjhāsayo, te ca sassatādibhedena tattha ca apparajakkhatādibhedena aneke, attajjhāsayādayo eva vā samuṭṭhānaṃ uppattihetu etassāti anekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Atthabyañjanasampannanti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇaṃ upanetabbābhāvato, saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatanti vā attho daṭṭhabbo.

Vividhapāṭihāriyanti ettha pāṭihāriyapadassa vacanatthaṃ (udā. aṭṭha. 1; itivu. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā; dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 2) ‘‘paṭipakkhaharaṇato rāgādikilesāpanayanato pāṭihāriya’’nti vadanti. Bhagavato pana paṭipakkhā rāgādayo na santi ye haritabbā, puthujjanānampi vigatūpakkilese aṭṭhaguṇasamannāgate citte hatapaṭipakkhe iddhividhaṃ pavattati, tasmā tattha pavattavohārena ca na sakkā idha ‘‘pāṭihāriya’’nti vattuṃ. Sace pana mahākāruṇikassa bhagavato veneyyagatā ca kilesā paṭipakkhā, tesaṃ haraṇato ‘‘pāṭihāriya’’nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ sati yuttametaṃ. Atha vā bhagavato ca sāsanassa ca paṭipakkhā titthiyā, tesaṃ haraṇato pāṭihāriyaṃ. Te hi diṭṭhiharaṇavasena diṭṭhippakāsane asamatthabhāvena ca iddhiādesanānusāsanīhi haritā apanītā hontīti. Paṭīti vā ayaṃ saddo ‘‘pacchā’’ti etassa atthaṃ bodheti ‘‘tasmiṃ paṭipaviṭṭhamhi, añño āgañchi brāhmaṇo’’tiādīsu (su. ni. 985; cūḷani. vatthugāthā 4) viya, tasmā samāhite citte vigatūpakkilese katakiccena pacchāharitabbaṃ pavattetabbanti paṭihāriyaṃ, attano vā upakkilesesu catutthajjhānamaggehi haritesu pacchā haraṇaṃ paṭihāriyaṃ, iddhiādesanānusāsaniyo ca vigatūpakkilesena katakiccena ca sattahitatthaṃ puna pavattetabbā, haritesu ca attano upattilesesu parasattānaṃ upakkilesaharaṇāni hontīti paṭihāriyāni bhavanti, paṭihāriyameva pāṭihāriyaṃ. Paṭihāriye vā iddhiādesanānusāsanisamudāye bhavaṃ ekekaṃ pāṭihāriyanti vuccati. Paṭihāriyaṃ vā catutthajjhānaṃ maggo ca paṭipakkhaharaṇato, tattha jātaṃ, tasmiṃ vā nimittabhūte, tato vā āgatanti pāṭihāriyaṃ. Tassa pana iddhiādibhedena visayabhedena ca bahuvidhassa bhagavato desanāyaṃ labbhamānattā āha ‘‘vividhapāṭihāriya’’nti.

Na aññathāti bhagavato sammukhā sutākārato na aññathāti attho, na pana bhagavato desitākārato. Acinteyyānubhāvā hi bhagavato desanā. Evañca katvā ‘‘sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātu’’nti idaṃ vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ bhavati, dhāraṇabaladassanañca na virujjhati sutākāraavirajjhanassa adhippetattā. Na hettha atthantaratāparihāro dvinnampi atthānaṃ ekavisayattā. Itarathā thero bhagavato desanāya sabbathā paṭiggahaṇe samattho asamattho cāti āpajjeyyāti.

‘‘Yo paro na hoti, so attā’’ti evaṃ vuttāya niyakajjhattasaṅkhātāya sasantatiyā vattanato tividhopi me-saddo kiñcāpi ekasmiṃ eva atthe dissati, karaṇasampadānasāminiddesavasena pana vijjamānaṃ bhedaṃ sandhāyāha, ‘‘me-saddo tīsu atthesu dissatī’’ti.

Kiñcāpi upasaggo kiriyaṃ viseseti, jotakabhāvato pana satipi tasmiṃ suta-saddo eva taṃ taṃ attaṃ vadatīti anupasaggassa suta-saddassa atthuddhāre saupasaggassa gahaṇaṃ na virujjhatīti dassento ‘‘saupasaggo anupasaggo cā’’tiādimāha. Assāti suta-saddassa. Kammabhāvasādhanāni idha sutasadde sambhavantīti vuttaṃ ‘‘upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vā attho’’ti. Mayāti atthe satīti yadā me-saddassa kattuvasena karaṇaniddeso, tadāti attho. Mamāti atthe satīti yadā sambandhavasena sāminiddeso, tadā.

Suta-saddasannidhāne payuttena evaṃ-saddena savanakiriyājotakena bhavitabbanti vuttaṃ ‘‘evanti sotaviññāṇādiviññāṇakiccanidassana’’nti. Ādi-saddena sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ pañcadvārikaviññāṇānaṃ tadabhinīhaṭānañca manodvārikaviññāṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sabbesampi vākyānaṃ evakāratthasahitattā ‘‘suta’’nti etassa sutamevāti ayamattho labbhatīti āha ‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’ti. Etena avadhāraṇena nirāsaṅkataṃ dasseti. Yathā ca sutaṃ sutamevāti niyametabbaṃ, taṃ sammā sutaṃ hotīti āha ‘‘anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’nti. Atha vā saddantaratthāpohanavasena saddo atthaṃ vadatīti sutanti asutaṃ na hotīti ayametassa atthoti vuttaṃ ‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’ti. Iminā diṭṭhādivinivattanaṃ karoti.

Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – na idaṃ mayā diṭṭhaṃ, na sayambhūñāṇena sacchikataṃ, atha kho sutaṃ, tañca kho sammadevāti. Tenevāha ‘‘anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’nti. Avadhāraṇatthe vā evaṃ-sadde ayamatthayojanā karīyatīti tadapekkhassa suta-saddassa ayamattho vutto ‘‘assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato’’ti. Tenevāha ‘‘anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassana’’nti. Savanasaddo cettha kammattho veditabbo ‘‘suyyatī’’ti.

Evaṃ savanahetusavanavisesavasena padattayassa ekena pakārena atthayojanaṃ dassetvā idāni pakārantarehi taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tathā eva’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha tassāti yā sā bhagavato sammukhā dhammassavanākārena pavattā manodvāraviññāṇavīthi, tassā. Sā hi nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattetuṃ samatthā. Tathā ca vuttaṃ ‘‘sotadvārānusārenā’’ti. Nānappakārenāti vakkhamānānaṃ anekavihitānaṃ byañjanatthaggahaṇānaṃ nānākārena. Etena imissā yojanāya ākārattho evaṃ-saddo gahitoti dīpeti. Pavattibhāvappakāsananti pavattiyā atthitāpakāsanaṃ. Sutanti dhammappakāsananti yasmiṃ ārammaṇe vuttappakārā viññāṇavīthi nānappakārena pavattā, tassa dhammattā vuttaṃ, na suta-saddassa dhammatthattā. Vuttassevatthassa pākaṭīkaraṇaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ hetthā’’tiādi. Tattha viññāṇavīthiyāti karaṇatthe karaṇavacanaṃ, mayāti kattuatthe.

Evanti niddisitabbappakāsananti nidassanatthamevaṃ saddaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ nidassetabbassa niddisitabbattābhāvābhāvato. Tena evaṃ-saddena sakalampi suttaṃ paccāmaṭṭhanti dasseti. Suta-saddassa kiriyāsaddattā savanakiriyāya ca sādhāraṇaviññāṇappabandhapaṭibaddhattā tattha ca puggalavohāroti vuttaṃ ‘‘sutanti puggalakiccappakāsana’’nti. Na hi puggalavohārarahite dhammappabandhe savanakiriyā labbhatīti.

Yassa cittasantānassātiādipi ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā purimayojanāya aññathā atthayojanaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha ākārapaññattīti upādāpaññatti eva dhammānaṃ pavattiākārupādānavasena tathā vuttā. Sutanti visayaniddesoti sotabbabhūto dhammo savanakiriyākattupuggalassa savanakiriyāvasena pavattiṭṭhānanti katvā vuttaṃ. Cittasantānavinimuttassa paramatthato kassaci kattu abhāvepi saddavohārena buddhiparikappitabhedavacanicchāya cittasantānato aññaṃ viya taṃsamaṅgiṃ katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘cittasantānena taṃsamaṅgīno’’ti. Savanakiriyāvisayopi sotabbadhammo savanakiriyāvasena pavattacittasantānassa idha paramatthato kattubhāvato, savanavasena cittappavattiyā eva vā savanakiriyābhāvato taṃkiriyākattu ca visayo hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘taṃsamaṅgīno kattuvisaye’’ti. Sutākārassa ca therassa sammānicchitabhāvato āha ‘‘gahaṇasanniṭṭhāna’’nti. Etena vā avadhāraṇatthaṃ evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā ayamatthayojanā katāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Pubbe sutānaṃ nānāvihitānaṃ suttasaṅkhātānaṃ atthabyañjanānaṃ upadhāritarūpassa ākārassa nidassanassa, avadhāraṇassa vā pakāsanasabhāvo evaṃ-saddoti tadākārādiupadhāraṇassa puggalapaññattiyā upādānabhūtadhammappabandhabyāpāratāya vuttaṃ ‘‘evanti puggalakiccaniddeso’’ti. Savanakiriyā pana puggalavādinopi viññāṇanirapekkhā natthīti visesato viññāṇabyāpāroti āha ‘‘sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso’’ti. Meti saddappavattiyā ekanteneva sattavisayattā viññāṇakiccassa ca tattheva samodahitabbato ‘‘meti ubhayakiccayuttapuggalaniddeso’’ti vuttaṃ. Avijjamānapaññattivijjamānapaññattisabhāvā yathākkamaṃ evaṃ-saddasuta-saddānaṃ atthāti te tathārūpa-paññatti-upādānabhūta-dhammappabandhabyāpārabhāvena dassento āha – ‘‘evanti puggalakiccaniddeso, sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso’’ti. Ettha ca karaṇakiriyākattukamma-visesappakāsanavasena puggalabyāpāravisaya-puggalabyāpāranidassanavasena gahaṇākāragāhakatabbisayavisesaniddesavasena kattukaraṇabyāpāra-kattuniddesavasena ca dutiyādayo catasso atthayojanā dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Sabbassapi saddādhigamanīyassa atthassa paññattimukheneva paṭipajjitabbattā sabbapaññattīnañca vijjamānādivasena chasu paññattibhedesu antogadhattā tesu ‘‘eva’’ntiādīnaṃ paññattīnaṃ sarūpaṃ niddhārento āha ‘‘evanti ca meti cā’’tiādi. Tattha evanti ca meti ca vuccamānassa atthassa ākārādino dhammānaṃ asalakkhaṇabhāvato avijjamānapaññattibhāvoti āha ‘‘saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasena avijjamānapaññattī’’ti. Tattha saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasenāti bhūtatthauttamatthavasena. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yo māyāmarīciādayo viya abhūtattho, anussavādīhi gahetabbo viya anuttamattho ca na hoti, so rūpasaddādisabhāvo, ruppanānubhavanādisabhāvo vā attho saccikaṭṭho paramattho cāti vuccati, na tathā evaṃ meti padānaṃ atthoti. Etamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ ‘‘kiñhetthata’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Sutanti pana saddāyatanaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘vijjamānapaññattī’’ti. Teneva hi ‘‘yañhi taṃ ettha sotena upaladdha’’nti vuttaṃ. Sotadvārānusārena upaladdhanti pana vutte atthabyañjanādi sabbaṃ labbhatīti. Taṃ taṃ upādāya vattabbatoti sotapathamāgate dhamme upādāya tesaṃ upadhāritākārādino paccāmasanavasena evanti, sasantatipariyāpanne khandhe upādāya meti vattabbattāti attho. Diṭṭhādisabhāvarahite saddāyatane pavattamānopi sutavohāro ‘‘dutiyaṃ tatiya’’ntiādiko viya paṭhamādīni diṭṭhamutaviññāte apekkhitvā pavattoti āha ‘‘diṭṭhādīni upanidhāya vattabbato’’ti. Asutaṃ na hotīti hi sutanti pakāsitoyamatthoti.

Attanā paṭividdhā suttassa pakāravisesā evanti therena paccāmaṭṭhāti āha ‘‘asammohaṃ dīpetī’’ti. Nānappakārapaṭivedhasamattho hotīti etena vakkhamānassa suttassa nānappakārataṃ duppaṭivijjhatañca dasseti. Sutassa asammosaṃ dīpetīti sutākārassa yāthāvato dassiyamānattā vuttaṃ. Asammohenāti sammohābhāvena, paññāya eva vā savanakālasambhūtāya taduttarakālapaññāsiddhi . Evaṃ asammosenāti etthāpi vattabbaṃ. Byañjanānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo ākāro nātigambhīro yathāsutadhāraṇameva tattha karaṇīyanti satiyā byāpāro adhiko, paññā tattha guṇībhūtāti vuttaṃ ‘‘paññāpubbaṅgamāyā’’tiādi paññāya pubbaṅgamāti katvā. Pubbaṅgamatā cettha padhānatā ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā’’tiādīsu viya. Pubbaṅgamatāya vā cakkhuviññāṇādīsu āvajjanādīnaṃ viya appadhānatte paññā pubbaṅgamā etissāti ayampi attho yujjati, evaṃ sati pubbaṅgamāyāti etthāpi vuttavipariyāyena yathāsambhavaṃ attho veditabbo. Atthabyañjanasampannassāti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇassa , saṅkāsana-pakāsana-vivaraṇa-vibhajana-uttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi, akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatassāti vā attho daṭṭhabbo.

Yoniso manasikāraṃ dīpeti evaṃ-saddena vuccamānānaṃ ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthānaṃ aviparītasaddhammavisayattāti adhippāyo. Avikkhepaṃ dīpetīti ‘‘oghataraṇasuttaṃ kattha bhāsita’’ntiādipucchāvasena pakaraṇappavattassa vakkhamānassa suttassa savanaṃ samādhānamantarena na sambhavatīti katvā vuttaṃ. Vikkhittacittassātiādi tassevatthassa samatthanavasena vuttaṃ. Sabbasampattiyāti atthabyañjanadesaka-payojanādisampattiyā. Aviparītasaddhammavisayehi viya ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthehi yonisomanasikārassa, saddhammassavanena viya ca avikkhepassa yathā yonisomanasikārena phalabhūtena attasammāpaṇidhipubbekatapuññatānaṃ siddhi vuttā tadavinābhāvato, evaṃ avikkhepeneva phalabhūtena kāraṇabhūtānaṃ saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayānaṃ siddhi dassetabbā siyā assutavato sappurisūpanissayarahitassa ca tadabhāvato. ‘‘Na hi vikkhittacitto’’tiādinā samatthanavacanena pana avikkhepena kāraṇabhūtena sappurisūpanissayena ca phalabhūtassa saddhammassavanassa siddhi dassitā. Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo yutto siyā, saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayā na ekantena avikkhepassa kāraṇaṃ bāhiraṅgattā. Avikkhepo pana sappurisūpanissayo viya saddhammassavanassa ekantakāraṇanti, evampi avikkhepena sappurisūpanissayasiddhijotanā na samatthitāva, no na samatthitā vikkhittacittānaṃ sappurisapayirūpāsanābhāvassa atthasiddhito. Ettha ca purimaṃ phalena kāraṇassa siddhidassanaṃ nadīpūrena viya upari vuṭṭhisabbhāvassa. Dutiyaṃ kāraṇena phalassa siddhidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ekantavassinā viya meghavuṭṭhānena vuṭṭhippavattiyā.

Bhagavato vacanassa atthabyañjanapabheda-paricchedavasena sakalasāsanasampatti-ogāhanākāro niravasesaparahita-pāripūrikāraṇanti vuttaṃ ‘‘evaṃ bhaddako ākāro’’ti. Yasmā na hotīti sambandho . Pacchimacakkadvayasampattinti attasammāpaṇidhi-pubbekatapuññatā-saṅkhātaṃ guṇadvayaṃ. Aparāparavuttiyā cettha cakkabhāvo, caranti etehi sattā, sampattibhavesūti vā . Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, cakkāni, yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.31). Purimapacchimabhāvo cettha desanakkamavasena daṭṭhabbo. Pacchimacakkadvayasiddhiyāti pacchimacakkadvayassa ca atthitāya. Sammāpaṇihitatto pubbe ca katapuñño suddhāsayo hoti tadasuddhihetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ dūrībhāvatoti āha ‘‘āsayasuddhi siddhā hotī’’ti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ – ‘‘sammāpaṇihitaṃ cittaṃ, seyyaso naṃ tato kare’’ti (dha. pa. 43) ‘‘katapuññosi, tvaṃ ānanda, padhānamanuyuñja, khippaṃ hohisi anāsavo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.207) ca. Tenevāha ‘‘āsayasuddhiyā adhigamabyattisiddhī’’ti. Payogasuddhiyāti yonisomanasikārapubbaṅgamassa dhammassavanapayogassa visadabhāvena. Tathā cāha ‘‘āgamabyattisiddhī’’ti, sabbassa vā kāyavacīpayogassa niddosabhāvena. Parisuddhakāyavacīpayogo hi vippaṭisārābhāvato avikkhittacitto pariyattiyaṃ visārado hotīti.

Nānappakārapaṭivedhadīpakenātiādinā atthabyañjanesu therassa evaṃ-saddasuta-saddānaṃ asammohāsammosadīpanato catupaṭisambhidāvasena atthayojanaṃ dasseti. Tattha sotabbabhedapaṭivedhadīpakenāti etena ayaṃ suta-saddo evaṃ-saddasannidhānato, vakkhamānāpekkhāya vā sāmaññeneva sotabbadhammavisesaṃ āmasatīti dīpeti. Manodiṭṭhīhi pariyattidhammānaṃ anupekkhanasuppaṭivedhā visesato manasikārapaṭibaddhāti te vuttanayena yonisomanasikāradīpakena evaṃ saddena yojetvā, savanadhāraṇavacīparicayā pariyattidhammānaṃ visesena sotāvadhānapaṭibaddhāti te vuttanayena avikkhepadīpakena suta-saddena yojetvā dassento sāsanasampattiyā dhammassavane ussāhaṃ janeti. Tattha dhammāti pariyattidhammā. Manasā anupekkhitāti ‘‘idha sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, idha samādhi, idha paññā, ettakā ettha anusandhiyo’’tiādinā nayena manasā anupekkhitā. Diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhāti nijjhānakkhanti bhūtāya, ñātapariññāsaṅkhātāya vā diṭṭhiyā tattha tattha vuttarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘iti rūpaṃ, ettakaṃ rūpa’’ntiādinā suṭṭhu vavatthapetvā paṭividdhā.

Sakalena vacanenāti pubbe tīhi padehi visuṃ visuṃ yojitattā vuttaṃ. Attano adahantoti ‘‘mameda’’nti attani aṭṭhapento. Bhummatthe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Asappurisabhūminti akataññutaṃ. ‘‘Idhekacco pāpabhikkhu tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā attano dahatī’’ti (pārā. 195) evaṃ vuttaṃ anariyavohārāvatthaṃ, sā eva anariyavohārāvatthā asaddhammo . Nanu ca ānandattherassa ‘‘mamedaṃ vacana’’nti adhimānassa, mahākassapattherādīnañca tadāsaṅkāya abhāvato asappurisabhūmi-samatikkamādivacanaṃ niratthakanti? Nayidamevaṃ. ‘‘Evaṃ me suta’’nti vadantena ayampi attho vibhāvitoti dassanato. Keci pana ‘‘devatānaṃ parivitakkāpekkhaṃ tathāvacananti edisī codanā anavakāsā’’ti vadanti. Tasmiṃ kira khaṇe ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi ‘‘bhagavā ca parinibbuto, ayañca āyasmā desanākusalo idāni dhammaṃ deseti, sakyakulappasuto tathāgatassa bhātā cūḷapituputto. Kiṃ nu kho sayaṃ sacchikataṃ dhammaṃ deseti? Udāhu bhagavato eva vacanaṃ yathāsuta’’nti, evaṃ tadāsaṅkitappakārato asappurisabhūmisamokkamādito atikkamādi vibhāvitanti. Appetīti nidasseti. Diṭṭhadhammika-samparāyika-paramatthesu yathārahaṃ satte netīti netti, dhammo eva netti dhammanetti.

Daḷhataraniviṭṭhā vicikicchā kaṅkhā, nātisaṃsappanā matibhedamattā vimati. Assaddhiyaṃ vināsetīti bhagavatā bhāsitattā sammukhāvassa paṭiggahitattā khalitaduruttādigahaṇadosābhāvato ca. Ettha ca paṭhamādayo tisso atthayojanā ākārādiatthesu aggahitavisesameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā dassitā, tato parā catasso ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā vibhāvitā. Pacchimā pana tisso yathākkamaṃ ākāratthaṃ nidassanatthaṃ avadhāraṇatthañca evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā yojitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Eka-saddo aññaseṭṭhaasahāyasaṅkhayādīsu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘sassato attā ca loko ca, idameva saccaṃ moghamaññanti ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.27) aññatthe dissati. ‘‘Cetaso ekodibhāva’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.228; pārā. 11) seṭṭhe, ‘‘eko vūpakaṭṭho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.405) asahāye, ‘‘ekova kho, bhikkhave, khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.29) saṅkhayāyaṃ. Idhāpi saṅkhayāyanti dassento āha ‘‘ekantigaṇanaparicchedaniddeso’’ti. Kālañca samayañcāti yuttakālañca paccayasāmaggiñca. Khaṇoti okāso. Tathāgatuppādādiko hi maggabrahmacariyassa okāso tappaccayassa paṭilābhahetuttā. Khaṇo eva ca samayo, yo khaṇoti ca samayoti ca vuccati, so eko evāti hi attho. Mahāsamayoti mahāsamūho. Samayopi khoti sikkhāpadapūraṇassa hetupi. Samayappavādaketi diṭṭhippavādake. Tattha hi nisinnā titthiyā attano attano samayaṃ pavadanti. Atthābhisamayāti hitapaṭilābhā. Abhisametabboti abhisamayo, abhisamayo attho abhisamayatthoti pīḷanādīni abhisametabbabhāvena ekībhāvaṃ upanetvā vuttāni. Abhisamayassa vā paṭivedhassa visayabhūto attho abhisamayatthoti tāneva tathā ekattena vuttāni. Tattha pīḷanaṃ dukkhasaccassa taṃsamaṅgino hiṃsanaṃ avipphārikatākaraṇaṃ, santāpo dukkhadukkhatādivasena santāpanaṃ paridahanaṃ.

Tattha sahakārikāraṇaṃ sannijjhaṃ sameti samavetīti samayo, samavāyo. Sameti samāgacchati ettha maggabrahmacariyaṃ tadādhārapuggalehīti samayo, khaṇo. Sameti ettha, etena vā saṃgacchati satto, sabhāvadhammo vā sahajātādīhi, uppādādīhi vāti samayo, kālo. Dhammappavattimattatāya atthato abhūtopi hi kālo dhammappavattiyā adhikaraṇaṃ karaṇaṃ viya ca parikappanāmattasiddhena rūpena voharīyatīti. Samaṃ, saha vā avayavānaṃ ayanaṃ pavatti avaṭṭhānanti samayo, samūho yathā ‘‘samudāyo’’ti. Avayavasahāvaṭṭhānameva hi samūhoti. Avasesapaccayānaṃ samāgame eti phalaṃ etasmā uppajjati pavattati cāti samayo, hetu yathā ‘‘samudayo’’ti. Sameti saṃyojanabhāvato sambandho eti attano visaye pavattati, daḷhaggahaṇabhāvato vā saṃyuttā ayanti pavattanti sattā yathābhinivesaṃ etenāti samayo, diṭṭhi. Diṭṭhisaṃyojanena hi sattā ativiya bajjhantīti. Samiti saṃgati samodhānanti samayo, paṭilābho. Samassa nirodhassa yānaṃ, sammā vā yānaṃ apagamo apavatti samayo, pahānaṃ. Abhimukhaṃ ñāṇena sammā etabbo adhigantabboti abhisamayo, dhammānaṃ aviparīto sabhāvo. Abhimukhabhāvena sammā eti gacchati bujjhatīti abhisamayo, dhammānaṃ aviparītasabhāvāvabodho . Evaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe samayasaddappavatti veditabbā. Samayasaddassa atthuddhāre abhisamayasaddassa udāharaṇaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Assāti samayasaddassa. Kālo attho samavāyādīnaṃ atthānaṃ idha asambhavato desadesakaparisānaṃ viya suttassa nidānabhāvena kālassa apadisitabbato ca.

Kasmā panettha aniyamitavaseneva kālo niddiṭṭho? Na utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyamitoti āha ‘‘tattha kiñcāpī’’tiādi. Utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyamaṃ akatvā samayasaddassa vacane ayampi guṇo laddho hotīti dassento ‘‘ye vā ime’’tiādimāha. Sāmaññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhatīti. Tattha diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo devasikaṃ jhānaphalasamāpattīhi vītināmanakālo, visesato sattasattāhāni. Suppakāsāti dasasahassilokadhātupakampana-obhāsapātubhāvādīhi pākaṭā. Yathāvuttappabhedesu eva samayesu ekadesaṃ pakārantarehi saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ ‘‘yo cāya’’ntiādimāha. Tathā hi ñāṇakiccasamayo, attahitapaṭipattisamayo ca abhisambodhisamayo, ariyatuṇhībhāvasamayo, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo, karuṇākiccaparahitapaṭipattidhammīkathāsamayā, desanāsamayo eva.

Karaṇavacanena niddeso katoti sambandho. Tatthāti abhidhammatadaññasuttapadavinayesu. Tathāti bhummakaraṇehi. Adhikaraṇattho ādhārattho. Bhāvo nāma kiriyā, tāya kiriyantaralakkhaṇaṃ bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ. Tattha yathā kālo sabhāvadhammaparicchinno sayaṃ paramatthato avijjamānopi ādhārabhāvena paññāto taṅkhaṇappavattānaṃ tato pubbe parato ca abhāvato ‘‘pubbaṇhe jāto, sāyanhe gacchatī’’ti ca ādīsu, samūho ca avayavavinimutto visuṃ avijjamānopi kappanāmattasiddho avayavānaṃ ādhārabhāvena paññāpīyati yathā ‘‘rukkhe sākhā, yavarāsiyaṃ sambhūto’’tiādīsu, evaṃ idhāpīti dassento āha ‘‘adhikaraṇañhi…pe… dhammāna’’nti. Yasmiṃ kāle, dhammapuñje vā kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ eva kāle dhammapuñje ca phassādayopi hontīti ayaṃ hi tattha attho. Yathā ca ‘‘gāvīsu duyhamānāsu gato, duddhāsu āgato’’ti dohanakiriyāya gamanakiriyā lakkhīyati, evaṃ idhāpi yasmiṃ samaye, tasmiṃ samayeti ca vutte ‘‘satī’’ti ayamattho viññāyamāno eva hoti padatthassa sattāvirahābhāvatoti samayassa sattākiriyāya cittassa uppādakiriyā phassādibhavanakiriyā ca lakkhīyati. Yasmiṃ samayeti yasmiṃ navame khaṇe, yasmiṃ yonisomanasikārādihetumhi, paccayasamavāye vā sati kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃyeva khaṇe, hetumhi, paccayasamavāye vā phassādayopi hontīti ubhayattha samayasadde bhummaniddeso kato lakkhaṇabhūtabhāvayuttoti dassento āha ‘‘khaṇa…pe… lakkhīyatī’’ti.

Hetuattho karaṇattho ca sambhavati ‘‘annena vasati, vijjāya vasati, pharasunā chindati, kudālena khaṇatī’’tiādīsu viya. Vītikkamañhi sutvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā otiṇṇavatthukaṃ puggalaṃ paṭipucchitvā vigarahitvā ca taṃ taṃ vatthuotiṇṇakālaṃ anatikkamitvā teneva kālena sikkhāpadāni paññapento bhagavā viharati sikkhāpadapaññattihetuñca apekkhamāno tatiyapārājikādīsu viya.

Accantameva ārambhato paṭṭhāya yāva desanāniṭṭhānaṃ. Parahitapaṭipattisaṅkhātena karuṇāvihārena. Tadatthajotanatthanti accantasaṃyogatthajotanatthaṃ. Upayoganiddeso kato yathā ‘‘māsaṃ sajjhāyatī’’ti . Porāṇāti aṭṭhakathācariyā. Abhilāpamattabhedoti vacanamattena viseso. Tena suttavinayesu vibhattibyattayo katoti dasseti.

Seṭṭhanti seṭṭhavācakaṃ vacanaṃ ‘‘seṭṭha’’nti vuttaṃ seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato, tathā ‘‘uttama’’nti etthāpi. Gāravayuttoti garubhāvayutto garuguṇayogato, garukaraṇārahatāya vā gāravayutto. Vuttoyeva, na pana idha vattabbo visuddhimaggassa imissā aṭṭhakathāya ekadesabhāvatoti adhippāyo.

Aparo nayo (itivu. aṭṭha. nidānavaṇṇanā; sārattha. ṭī. 1.1.verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā; visuddhi. mahāṭī. 1.144) – bhāgavāti bhagavā, bhatavāti bhagavā, bhāge vanīti bhagavā, bhage vanīti bhagavā, bhattavāti bhagavā, bhage vamīti bhagavā, bhāge vamīti bhagavā.

‘‘Bhāgavā bhatavā bhāge, bhage ca vani bhattavā;

Bhage vami tathā bhāge, vamīti bhagavā jino’’.

Tattha kathaṃ bhāgavāti bhagavā? Ye te sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā, te anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā tathāgate atthi upalabbhanti. Tathā hissa sīlaṃ samādhi paññā vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ, hirī ottappaṃ, saddhā vīriyaṃ, sati sampajaññaṃ, sīlavisuddhi diṭṭhivisuddhi, samatho vipassanā, tīṇi kusalamūlāni, tīṇi sucaritāni, tayo sammāvitakkā, tisso anavajjasaññā, tisso dhātuyo, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, cattāro ariyamaggā, cattāri ariyaphalāni, catasso paṭisambhidā, catuyoniparicchedakañāṇāni, cattāro ariyavaṃsā, cattāri vesārajjañāṇāni, pañca padhāniyaṅgāni, pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi, pañcañāṇiko sammāsamādhi, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, pañca nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, pañca vimuttāyatanañāṇāni, pañca vimuttiparipācanīyā saññā, cha anussatiṭṭhānāni, cha gāravā, cha nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, cha satatavihārā, cha anuttariyāni, cha nibbedhabhāgiyā saññā, cha abhiññā, cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni, satta aparihāniyā dhammā, satta ariyadhammā, satta ariyadhanāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, satta sappurisadhammā, satta nijjaravatthūni, satta saññā, sattadakkhiṇeyyapuggaladesanā, sattakhīṇāsavabaladesanā, aṭṭhapaññāpaṭilābhahetudesanā aṭṭha sammattāni, aṭṭhalokadhammātikkamo, aṭṭha ārambhavatthūni, aṭṭhaakkhaṇadesanā, aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakkā, aṭṭhaabhibhāyatanadesanā, aṭṭha vimokkhā, nava yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā, nava pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgāni, navasattāvāsadesanā, nava āghātapaṭivinayā, nava saññā, navanānattā, nava anupubbavihārā, dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā, dasa kasiṇāyatanāni, dasa kusalakammapathā, dasa sammattāni, dasa ariyavāsā, dasa asekkhadhammā, dasa tathāgatabalāni, ekādasa mettānisaṃsā, dvādasa dhammācakkākārā, terasa dhutaguṇā, cuddasa buddhañāṇāni, pañcadasa vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā, soḷasavidhā ānāpānassati, soḷasa aparantapanīyā dhammā, aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā, ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni, catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni, paññāsa udayabbayañāṇāni, paropaññāsa kusalā dhammā, sattasattati ñāṇavatthūni, catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhasamāpattisañcārimahāvajirañāṇaṃ , anantanayasamantapaṭṭhāna-pavicaya-paccavekkhaṇadesanāñāṇāni, tathā anantāsu lokadhātūsu anantānaṃ sattānaṃ āsayādivibhāvanañāṇāni cāti evamādayo anantāparimāṇabhedā anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā saṃvijjanti upalabbhanti, tasmā yathāvuttavibhāgā guṇabhāgā assa atthīti ‘‘bhāgavā’’ti vattabbe ākārassa rassattaṃ katvā ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vutto. Evaṃ tāva bhāgavāti bhagavā.

‘‘Yasmā sīlādayo sabbe, guṇabhāgā asesato;

Vijjanti sugate tasmā, bhagavāti pavuccati’’.

Kathaṃ bhatavāti bhagavā? Ye te sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannehi manussattādike aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā sammāsambodhiyā katamahābhinīhārehi mahābodhisattehi paripūritabbā dānapāramī, sīla, nekkhamma, paññā, vīriya, khanti, sacca, adhiṭṭhāna, mettā, upekkhāpāramīti dasa pāramiyo, dasa upapāramiyo, dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsa pāramiyo, dānādīni cattāri saṅgahavatthūni, saccādīni cattāri adhiṭṭhānāni, aṅgapariccāgo, jīvita, rajja, putta, dārapariccāgoti pañca mahāpariccāgā, pubbayogo, pubbacariyā, dhammakkhānaṃ, ñātatthacariyā, lokatthacariyā, buddhicariyāti evamādayo, saṅkhepato vā sabbe puññañāṇasambhārā buddhakaradhammā, te mahābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya kappānaṃ satasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni yathā hānabhāgiyā saṃkilesabhāgiyā ṭhitibhāgiyā vā na honti, atha kho uttaruttari visesabhāgiyāva honti, evaṃ sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ anavasesato bhatā sambhatā assa atthīti ‘‘bhatavā’’ti vattabbe ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vutto niruttinayena ta-kārassa ga-kāraṃ katvā . Atha vā bhatavāti teyeva yathāvutte buddhakaradhamme vuttanayeneva bhari, sambhari, paripūresīti attho. Evampi bhatavāti bhagavā.

‘‘Sammāsambodhiyā sabbe, dānapāramiādike;

Sambhāre bhatavā nātho, tasmāpi bhagavā mato’’.

Kathaṃ bhāge vanīti bhagavā? Ye te catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhā devasikaṃ vaḷañjanakasamāpattibhāgā, te anavasesato lokahitatthaṃ attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ niccakappaṃ vani, bhaji, sevi, bahulamakāsīti bhāge vanīti bhagavā. Atha vā abhiññeyyadhammesu kusalādīsu khandhādīsu ca ye te pariññeyyādivasena saṅkhepato vā catubbidhā abhisamayabhāgā, vitthārato pana ‘‘cakkhu pariññeyyaṃ sotaṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ pariññeyya’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.21) aneke pariññeyyabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa samudayo pahātabbo…pe… jarāmaraṇassa samudayo pahātabbo’’tiādinā pahātabbabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa nirodho…pe… jarāmaraṇassa nirodho sacchikātabbo’’tiādinā sacchikātabbabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhunirodhagāminīpaṭipadā’’tiādinā, ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādinā ca anekabhedā bhāvetabbabhāgā ca dhammā, te sabbe vani, bhaji, yathārahaṃ gocarabhāvanāsevanānaṃ vasena sevi. Evampi bhāge vanīti bhagavā. Atha vā ‘‘ye ime sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā sāvakehi sādhāraṇā guṇakoṭṭhāsā guṇabhāgā, kinti nu kho te vineyyasantānesu patiṭṭhapeyya’’nti mahākaruṇāya vani abhipatthayi, sā cassa abhipatthanā yathādhippetaphalāvahā ahosi. Evampi bhāge vanīti bhagavā.

‘‘Yasmā ñeyyasamāpatti-guṇabhāge tathāgato;

Bhaji patthayi sattānaṃ, hitāya bhagavā tato’’.

Kathaṃ bhage vanīti bhagavā? Samāsato tāva katapuññehi payogasampannehi yathāvibhavaṃ bhajīyantīti bhagā, lokiyalokuttarasampattiyo. Tattha lokiye tāva tathāgato sammāsambodhito pubbe bodhisattabhūto paramukkaṃsagate, vani, bhaji, sevi, yattha patiṭṭhāya niravasesato buddhakaradhamme samannānento buddhadhamme paripācesi, buddhabhūto pana te niravajjesu upasaṃhite anaññasādhāraṇe lokuttarepi, vani, bhaji, sevi, vitthārato pana padesarajja-issariyacakkavattisampatti-devarajjasampattiādivasena jhāna-vimokkha-samādhisamāpatti-ñāṇadassana-maggabhāvanā-phalasacchi-kiriyādi-uttarimanussadhammavasena ca anekavihite anaññasādhāraṇe, bhage, vani, bhaji, sevi. Evampi bhage vanīti bhagavā.

‘‘Yā tā sampattiyo loke, yā ca lokuttarā puthu;

Sabbā tā bhaji sambuddho, tasmāpi bhagavā mato’’.

Kathaṃ sattavāti bhagavā? Bhattā daḷhabhattikā assa bahū atthīti bhattavā. Tathāgato hi mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādi-aparimitanirupamappabhāva-guṇavisesasamaṅgibhāvato sabbasattuttamo, sabbānatthaparihārapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantupakāritāya dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇaasīti anubyañjanabyāmappabhādi anaññasādhāraṇavisesapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya yathābhuccaguṇādhigatena ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinayappavattena lokattayabyāpinā suvipulena suvisuddhena ca thutighosena samannāgatattā ukkaṃsapāramippattāsu appicchatāsantuṭṭhiādīsu suppatiṭṭhitabhāvato dasabalacatuvesārajjādi-niratisayaguṇavisesa-samaṅgībhāvato ca rūpappamāṇo rūpappasanno, ghosappamāṇo ghosappasanno, lūkhappamāṇo lūkhappasanno, dhammappamāṇo dhammappasannoti evaṃ catuppamāṇike lokasannivāse sabbathāpi pasādāvahabhāvena samantapāsādikattā aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ sadevamanussānaṃ ādarabahumānagāravāyatanatāya paramapemasambhattiṭṭhānaṃ. Ye tassa ovāde patiṭṭhitā aveccappasādena samannāgatā honti, kenaci asaṃhāriyā tesaṃ pasādabhatti samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā. Tathā hi te attano jīvitapariccāgepi tattha pasādaṃ na pariccajanti, tassa vā āṇaṃ daḷhabhattibhāvato.

Tenevāha –

‘‘Yo ve kataññū katavedi dhīro;

Kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti ca hotī’’ti. (jā. 2.17.78);

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo velaṃ nātivattati, evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ mayā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ mama sāvakā jīvitahetupi nātikkamantī’’ti (udā. 45; cūḷava. 385) ca. –

Evaṃ bhattavāti bhagavā niruttinayena ekassa ta-kārassa lopaṃ katvā itarassa ga-kāraṃ katvā.

‘‘Guṇātisayayuttassa, yasmā lokahitesino;

Sambhattā bahavo satthu, bhagavā tena vuccatī’’ti.

Kathaṃ bhage vamīti bhagavā? Yasmā tathāgato bodhisattabhūtopi aparimāṇāsu jātīsu pāramiyo paripūrento bhagasaṅkhātaṃ siriṃ issariyaṃ yasañca vami uggiri, kheḷapiṇḍaṃ viya anapekkho chaḍḍayi, carimattabhāvepi hatthagataṃ cakkavattisiriṃ devalokādhipaccasadisaṃ catudīpissariyaṃ cakkavattisampattisannissayaṃ sattaratanasamujjalaṃ yasañca tiṇāyapi amaññamāno nirapekkho pahāya abhinikkhamitvā sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, tasmā ime sirīādike bhage vamīti bhagavā. Atha vā bhāni nāma nakkhattāni, tehi samaṃ gacchanti pavattantīti bhagā, sineruyugandharauttarakuruhimavantādibhājanalokavisesasannissayā sobhā kappaṭṭhiyabhāvato, tepi bhagavā vami tannivāsisattāvāsasamatikkamato tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahānena pajahīti. Evampi bhage vamīti bhagavā.

‘‘Cakkavattisiriṃ yasmā, yasaṃ issariyaṃ sukhaṃ;

Pahāsi lokacittañca, sugato bhagavā tato’’.

Kathaṃ bhāge vamīti bhagavā? Bhāgā nāma sabhāgadhammakoṭṭhāsā, te khandhāyatanadhātādivasena, tatthāpi rūpavedanādivasena pathaviyādivasena atītādivasena ca anekavidhā, te ca bhagavā sabbaṃ papañcaṃ sabbaṃ yogaṃ sabbaṃ ganthaṃ sabbaṃ saṃyojanaṃ samucchinditvā amatadhātuṃ samadhigacchanto vami uggiri, anapekkho chaḍḍayi na paccāvami. Tathā hesa ‘‘sabbatthakameva pathaviṃ āpaṃ tejaṃ vāyaṃ, cakkhuṃ sotaṃ ghānaṃ jivhaṃ kāyaṃ manaṃ, rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇaṃ, cakkhusamphassaṃ…pe… manosamphassaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ saññaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ saññaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ, rūpataṇhaṃ…pe… dhammataṇhaṃ, rūpavitakkaṃ…pe… dhammavitakkaṃ, rūpavicāraṃ…pe… dhammavicāra’’ntiādinā anupadadhammavibhāgavasenapi sabbeva dhammakoṭṭhāse anavasesato vami uggiri, anapekkhapariccāgena chaḍḍayi. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yaṃ taṃ, ānanda, cattaṃ vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ tathāgato puna paccāvamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.183). Evampi bhāge vamīti bhagavā. Atha vā bhāge vamīti sabbepi kusalākusale sāvajjānavajje hīnapaṇīte kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme ariyamaggañāṇamukhena vami uggiri, anapekkho pariccaji pajahi, paresañca tathattāya dhammaṃ desesi. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘dhammāpi vo, bhikkhave, pahātabbā, pageva adhammā (ma. ni. 1.240). Kullūpamaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi nittharaṇatthāya, no gahaṇatthāyā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.240). Evampi bhāge vamīti bhagavā.

‘‘Khandhāyatanadhātādi-dhammabhāgā-mahesinā;

Kaṇhasukkā yato vantā, tatopi bhagavā mato’’.

Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘Bhāgavā bhatavā bhāge, bhage ca vani bhattavā;

Bhage vami tathā bhāge, vamīti bhagavā jino’’ti.

Dhammasarīraṃ paccakkhaṃ karotīti ‘‘yo vo, ānanda, mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satthā’’ti vacanato dhammassa satthubhāvapariyāyo vijjatīti katvā vuttaṃ. Vajirasaṅghātasamānakāyo parehi abhejjasarīrattā. Na hi bhagavato rūpakāye kenaci sakkā antarāyaṃ kātunti. Desanāsampattiṃ niddisati vakkhamānassa sakalassa suttassa ‘‘eva’’nti nidassanato. Sāvakasampattiṃ niddisati paṭisambhidāppattena pañcasu ṭhānesu bhagavatā etadagge ṭhapitena mayā mahāsāvakena sutaṃ, tañca kho mayāva sutaṃ, na anussutaṃ na paraṃparābhatanti imassatthassa dīpanato. Kālasampattiṃ niddisati bhagavāsaddasannidhāne payuttassa samayasaddassa buddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitabhāvadīpanato. Buddhuppādaparamā hi kālasampadā. Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Kappakasāye kaliyuge, buddhuppādo aho mahacchariyaṃ;

Hutāvahamajjhe jātaṃ, samuditamakarandamaravinda’’nti.

Bhagavāti desakasampattiṃ niddisati guṇavisiṭṭhasattuttamabhāvadīpanato garugāravādhivacanabhāvato.

Avisesenāti na visesena, vihārabhāvasāmaññenāti attho. Iriyāpatha…pe… vihāresūti iriyāpathavihāro, dibbavihāro, brahmavihāro, ariyavihāroti etesu catūsu vihāresu. Samaṅgīparidīpananti samaṅgībhāvaparidīpanaṃ. Etanti ‘‘viharatī’’ti etaṃ padaṃ. Tathā hi taṃ ‘‘idhekacco gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho viharati sahanandī sahasokī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.241) iriyāpathavihāre āgataṃ. ‘‘Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti (dha. sa. 160; vibha. 624) ettha dibbavihāre. ‘‘So mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.556; 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77; 2.309; 3.230) brahmavihāre. ‘‘So kho ahaṃ, aggivessana, tassāyeva kathāya pariyosāne tasmiṃ eva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṃ karomi samādahāmi, yena sudaṃ niccakappaṃ viharāmī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.387) ariyavihāre.

Tattha iriyanaṃ vattanaṃ iriyā, kāyappayogo. Tassā pavattanupāyabhāvato ṭhānādi iriyāpatho. Ṭhānasamaṅgī vā hi kāyena kiñci kareyya gamanādīsu aññatarasamaṅgī vā. Atha vā iriyati pavattati etena attabhāvo kāyakiccaṃ vāti iriyā, tassā pavattiupāyabhāvato iriyā ca so patho cāti iriyāpatho, ṭhānādi eva. So ca atthato gatinivattiādiākārena pavatto catusantatirūpapabandho eva. Viharaṇaṃ, viharati etenāti vā vihāro, iriyāpatho eva vihāro iriyāpathavihāro. Divi bhavo dibbo, tattha bahulappavattiyā brahmapārisajjādidevaloke bhavoti attho. Tattha yo dibbānubhāvo, tadatthāya saṃvattatīti vā dibbo, abhiññābhinīhāravasena mahāgatikattā vā dibbo, dibbo ca so vihāro cāti dibbavihāro, catasso rūpāvacarasamāpattiyo. Āruppasamāpattiyopi ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Brahmūnaṃ, brahmāno vā vihārā brahmavihārā, catasso appamaññāyo. Ariyānaṃ, ariyā vā vihārā ariyavihārā, cattāri sāmaññaphalāni. So hi ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanantiādi yadipi bhagavā ekenapi iriyāpathena cirataraṃ kālaṃ attabhāvaṃ pavattetuṃ sakkoti, tathāpi upādinnakasarīrassa nāma ayaṃ sabhāvoti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ . Yasmā vā bhagavā yattha katthaci vasanto vineyyānaṃ dhammaṃ desento, nānāsamāpattīhi ca kālaṃ vītināmento vasatīti sattānaṃ attano ca vividhaṃ hitasukhaṃ harati upaneti uppādeti, tasmā vividhaṃ haratīti evamettha attho veditabbo.

Paccatthike jinātīti jeto. Jeta-saddo hi sota-saddo viya kattusādhanopi atthīti. Rañño vā paccatthikānaṃ jitakāle jātattā jeto. Rañño hi attano jayaṃ tattha āropetvā jitavāti jetoti kumāro vutto. Maṅgalakāmatāya vā jetotissa nāmaṃ kataṃ, tasmā ‘‘jeyyo’’ti etasmiṃ atthe ‘‘jeto’’ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tassa jetassa rājakumārassa. Vanetiādito paṭṭhāyeva taṃ tassa santakanti dassetuṃ ‘‘taṃ hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Sabbakāmasamiddhitāya vigatamalamaccheratāya karuṇādiguṇasamaṅgitāya ca niccakālaṃ upaṭṭhapito anāthānaṃ piṇḍo etassa atthīti anāthapiṇḍiko, tassa anāthapiṇḍikassa. Yadi jetavanaṃ, kathaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmoti āha ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikenā’’tiādi. Pañcavidhasenāsanaṅgasampattiyā āramanti ettha pabbajitāti ārāmo, tasmiṃ ārāme. Yadipi so bhūmibhāgo koṭisantharena mahāseṭṭhinā kīto, rukkhā pana jetena na vikkītāti taṃ ‘‘jetavana’’nti vattabbataṃ labhatīti vadanti. Ubhinnampi vā tattha pariccāgavisesakittanatthaṃ ubhayavacanaṃ, jetenapi hi bhūmibhāgavikkayena laddhadhanaṃ tattha dvārakoṭṭhakakaraṇavasena viniyuttaṃ. Sāvatthijetavanānaṃ bhūmibhāgavasena bhinnattā vuttaṃ ‘‘na hi sakkā ubhayattha ekaṃ samayaṃ viharitu’’nti.

Apākaṭāti sakko suyāmotiādinā anabhiññātā. Abhiññātānampi aññatarasaddo dissateva ekasadisāyattattāti dassetuṃ ‘‘abhijānāti no’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Ahunā idāneva. Sādhāraṇavacanaṃ dibbataṃ antonītaṃ katvā. Devo eva devatā purisepi vattanato. Tenevāha ‘‘imasmiṃ panatthe’’tiādi. Nanu ca rūpāvacarasattānaṃ purisindriyaṃ natthi, yena te purisāti vucceyyuṃ? Yadipi purisindriyaṃ natthi, purisasaṇṭhānassa pana purisavesassa ca vasena purisapuggalātveva vuccanti purisapakatibhāvato.

Abhikkantāti atikkantā, vigatāti atthoti āha ‘‘khaye dissatī’’ti. Teneva hi ‘‘nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo’’ti upari vuttaṃ. Abhikkantataroti ativiya kantataro. Tādiso ca sundaro bhaddako nāma hotīti āha ‘‘sundare dissatī’’ti. Koti devanāgayakkhagandhabbādīsu ko katamo? Meti mama. Pādānīti pāde. Iddhiyāti imāya evarūpāya deviddhiyā. Yasasāti iminā edisena parivārena paricchadena ca. Jalanti vijjotamāno. Abhikkantenāti ativiya kantena kamaniyena abhirūpena. Vaṇṇenāti chavivaṇṇena sarīravaṇṇanibhāya. Sabbā obhāsayaṃ disāti sabbāpi disā pabhāsento cando viya sūriyo viya ca ekobhāsaṃ ekālokaṃ karontoti gāthāya attho. Abhirūpeti uḷārarūpe sampannarūpe.

Kañcanasannibhattacatā suvaṇṇavaṇṇaggahaṇena gahitāti adhippāyenāha ‘‘chaviya’’nti. Chavigatā pana vaṇṇadhātu eva ‘‘suvaṇṇavaṇṇo’’ti ettha vaṇṇaggahaṇena gahitāti apare. Vaṇṇanaṃ kittiyā ugghosananti vaṇṇo, thuti. Vaṇṇīyati asaṅkarato vavatthapīyatīti vaṇṇo, kulavaggo. Vaṇṇīyati phalaṃ etena yathāsabhāvato vibhāvīyatīti vaṇṇo, kāraṇaṃ. Vaṇṇanaṃ dīgharassādivasena saṇṭhahananti vaṇṇo, saṇṭhānaṃ. Vaṇṇīyati aṇumahantādivasena pamīyatīti vaṇṇo, pamāṇaṃ. Vaṇṇeti vikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetīti vaṇṇo, rūpāyatanaṃ. Evaṃ tena tena pavattinimittena vaṇṇasaddassa tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe pavatti veditabbā. Iddhiṃ māpetvāti vatthālaṅkārakāyādīhi obhāsamuñcanādivasena dibbaṃ iddhānubhāvaṃ nimminitvā. Kāmāvacarā anabhisaṅkhatenapi āgantuṃ sakkonti oḷārikarūpattā. Tathā hi te kabaḷīkārabhakkhā. Rūpāvacarā na sakkonti tato sukhumatararūpattā. Tenāha ‘‘tesaṃ hī’’tiādi. Tattha ‘‘atisukhumo’’ti mūlapaṭisandhirūpaṃ sandhāya vadati. Na tena iriyāpathakappanaṃ hotīti etena brahmalokepi brahmāno yebhuyyena nimmitarūpeneva pavattantīti dasseti. Itarañhi ativiya sukhumaṃ rūpaṃ kevalaṃ cittuppādassa nissayādhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ saṇṭhānavantaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati.

Anavasesattaṃ sakalatā. Yebhuyyatā bahulabhāvo. Abyāmissatā vijātiyena asaṅkaro. Sukhena hi avokiṇṇatā tattha adhippetā . Anatirekatā taṃparamatā visesābhāvo. Kevalakappanti kevalaṃ daḷhaṃ katvāti attho. Saṅghabhedāyāti saṅghe vivādāya, vivāduppādāyāti attho. Kevalaṃ vuccati nibbānaṃ sabbasaṅkhatavivittattā, etassa taṃ atthīti kevalī, sacchikatanirodho khīṇāsavo. Tenāha ‘‘visaṃyogo attho’’ti.

Kappasaddo panāyaṃ saupasaggo anupasaggo cāti adhippāyena okappaniyapade labbhamānaṃ kappasaddamattaṃ dasseti, aññathā kappapadaṃ anidassanameva siyā. Samaṇakappehīti vinayasiddhehi samaṇavohārehi. Niccakappanti niccakālaṃ. Paññattīti nāmaṃ. Nāmañhetaṃ tassa āyasmato, yadidaṃ kappoti. Kappitakesamassūti kattarikāya cheditakesamassu. Dvaṅgulakappoti majjhanhikavelāya vītikkantāya dvaṅgulatāvikappo. Lesoti apadeso. Anavasesaṃ pharituṃ samatthassapi obhāsassa kenacipi kāraṇena ekadesapharaṇampi siyā, ayaṃ pana sabbasova pharatīti dassetuṃ samantattho kappa-saddo gahitoti āha ‘‘anavasesaṃ samantato’’ti. Īsaṃ asamattaṃ, kevalaṃ vā kevalakappaṃ. Bhagavato ābhāya anobhāsitameva hi padesaṃ devatā attano pabhāya obhāsenti. Na hi bhagavato pabhā kāyaci pabhāya abhibhuyyati, sūriyādīnampi pabhaṃ sā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatīti.

Yenavā kāraṇenāti hetumhi idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Hetuattho hi kiriyāya kāraṇaṃ, na karaṇaṃ viya kiriyattho, tasmā nānappakāra-guṇavisesādhigamanatthā idha upasaṅkamanakiriyāti ‘‘annena vasati, vijjāya vasatī’’tiādīsu viya hetuatthameva taṃ karaṇavacanaṃ yuttaṃ na karaṇatthaṃ tassa ayujjamānattāti vuttaṃ ‘‘yena vā kāraṇenā’’tiādi. Bhagavato satatappavattaniratisaya-sāduvipulamatarasa-saddhammaphalatāya sāduphalaniccaphalitamahārukkhena bhagavā upamito. Sāduphalūpabhogādhippāyaggahaṇeneva hi mahākāruṇikassa sāduphalatā gahitāti. Upasaṅkamīti upasaṅkantā. Sampattakāmatāya hi kiñci ṭhānaṃ gacchanto taṃtaṃpadesātikkamanena upasaṅkami, upasaṅkantoti vattabbataṃ labhati. Tenāha ‘‘gatāti vuttaṃ hotī’’ti, upagatāti attho. Upasaṅkamitvāti pubbakālakiriyāniddesoti āha ‘‘upasaṅkamanapariyosānadīpana’’nti. Tatoti yaṃ ṭhānaṃ pattā ‘‘upasaṅkamī’’ti vuttā, tato upagataṭṭhānato.

Gatinivattiatthato sāmaññato āsanampi ṭhānaggahaṇena gayhatīti vuttaṃ ‘‘āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ tiṭṭhantī’’ti. Nisinnāpi hi gamanato nivattā nāma honti ṭhatvā nisīditabbattā, yathāvuttaṭṭhānādayopi āsaneneva saṅgahitāti. Atidūraaccāsannapaṭikkhepena nātidūranaccāsannaṃ nāma gahitaṃ. Taṃ pana avakaṃsato ubhinnaṃ pasāritahatthasaṅghaṭṭanena daṭṭhabbaṃ. Gīvaṃ pasāretvāti gīvaṃ parivattanavasena pasāretvā.

Kāmaṃ ‘‘katha’’nti ayamākārapucchā, taraṇākāro idha pucchito. So pana taraṇākāro atthato kāraṇamevāti āha ‘‘kathaṃ nūti kāraṇapucchā’’ti? Pākaṭo abhisambodhiyaṃ mahāpathavīkampanādianekacchariyapātubhāvādinā.

Marisanaṭṭhena pāpānaṃ rogādianatthānaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena māriso, dukkharahito. Tenāha ‘‘niddukkhāti vuttaṃ hotī’’ti. Nirayapakkhe piyālapanavacanavasena upacāravacanañcetaṃ yathā ‘‘devānaṃ piyā’’ti. Tenevāha ‘‘yadi eva’’ntiādi. Saṅkunā saṅkūti matthakato samakoṭṭitena yāva hadayapadesā nibbijjhitvā otiṇṇena saṅkunā pādatalato samakoṭṭito saṅku nibbijjhitvā ārohanto hadaye hadayassa padese samāgaccheyya, atha nesaṃ saṅkūnaṃ samāgamasamakāle naṃ yathātikkantasaṅkukaraṇakālaṃ jāneyyāsi. Kiñci nimittaṃ upādāya kismiñci atthe pavattassa saddassa tannimittarahite pavatti ruḷhī nāma gamanakiriyārahite sāsanādimati paṭipiṇḍe yathā gosaddassa.

Oghamatarīti yesaṃ oghānaṃ taraṇaṃ pucchitaṃ, te gaṇanaparicchedato sarūpato ca dassetuṃ ‘‘cattāro’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Kasmā panettha cattāro eva oghā vuttā, te ca kāmādayo evāti? Na codetabbametaṃ, yasmā dhammānaṃ sabhāvakiccavisesaññunā bhagavatā sabbaṃ ñeyyaṃ yāthāvato abhisambujjhitvā ettakāva oghā desitā, ime eva ca desitāti. Vaṭṭasmiṃ ohananti osīdāpentīti oghā, ohananti heṭṭhā katvā hananti gāmenti, tathābhūtā satte adho gāmenti nāma. Ayañca attho ‘‘sabbopi cesā’’tiādinā parato aṭṭhakathāyameva āgamissati. Kāmanaṭṭhena kāmo, kāmo ca so yathāvuttenatthena ogho cāti, kāmesu oghoti vā kāmogho. Bhavogho nāma bhavarāgoti dassetuṃ ‘‘rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti cā’’ti vuttaṃ. Sumaṅgalavilāsinīādīsu (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.312) pana ‘‘sassatadiṭṭhisahagatarāgo cā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha paṭhamo upapattibhavesu rāgo, dutiyo kammabhave. Bhavadiṭṭhivinimuttassa diṭṭhigatassa abhāvato. ‘‘Dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo diṭṭhogho’’ti vuttaṃ, catusaccantogadhattā sabbassa ñeyyassa ‘‘catūsu saccesu aññāṇaṃ avijjogho’’ti āha.

Idāni tesaṃ oghasaṅkhātānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘tatthā’’tiādi vuttaṃ, pavattiṭṭhānaṃ pana kāmaguṇādayo dassitā eva. ‘‘Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu chandarāgo kāmogho’’ti ettha bhavoghaṃ ṭhapetvā sabbo lobho kāmoghoti yuttaṃ siyā. Sassatadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo bhavadiṭṭhisampayuttattā bhavoghoti aṭṭhakathāsu vutto, bhavogho pana diṭṭhigatavippayuttesu eva uppajjatīti pāḷiyaṃ vutto. Tenevāha – ‘‘bhavogho catūsu diṭṭhivippayuttalobhasahagatacittuppādesu uppajjatī’’ti. Tasmā diṭṭhisahagatalobhopi kāmoghoti yuttaṃ siyā. Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikadukkhānañhi kāraṇabhūtā kāmāsavādayopi dvidhā vuttā, āsavā eva ca oghā. Kāmāsavaniddese ca kāmesūti kāmarāgadiṭṭhirāgādīnaṃ ārammaṇabhūtesu tebhūmakesu vatthukāmesūti attho sambhavati. Tattha hi uppajjamānā sāyaṃ taṇhā sabbāpi na kāmacchandādināmaṃ na labhatīti.

Yadi pana pañcakāmaguṇiko ca rāgo kāmoghoti vuttoti katvā brahmānaṃ vimānādīsu rāgassa diṭṭhirāgassa ca kāmoghabhāvo paṭisedhitabbo siyā, evaṃ sati kāmoghabhavoghavinimuttena nāma lobhena bhavitabbaṃ . So yadā diṭṭhigatavippayuttesu uppajjati, tadā tena sampayutto avijjogho oghavippayuttoti domanassavicikicchuddhaccasampayuttassa viya tassapi oghavippayuttatā vattabbā siyā ‘‘catūsupi diṭṭhigatavippayuttalobhasahagatesu cittuppādesu uppanno moho siyā oghasampayutto siyā oghavippayutto’’ti. ‘‘Kāmogho aṭṭhasu lobhasahagatesu cittuppādesu uppajjatī’’ti, ‘‘kāmoghaṃ paṭicca diṭṭhogho avijjogho’’ti ca vacanato diṭṭhisahagato kāmogho na hotīti na sakkā vattuṃ. Tathā hettha ‘‘rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti ca bhavogho nāmāti ettakameva vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ sassatadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo’’ti.

Adhogamanaṭṭhenāti heṭṭhāpavattanaṭṭhena. Heṭṭhāpavattanañcettha na kevalaṃ apāyagamaniyabhāvena, atha kho saṃsāratarakāvarodhanenapīti dassetuṃ ‘‘uparibhavañcā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Kāmaṃ nibbānaṃ arūpibhāvā adesaṃ, na tassa ṭhānavasena uparigahaṇaṃ, sabbasaṅkhatavinissaṭattā pana sabbassapi bhavassa uparīti vattabbataṃ arahatīti katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘uparibhavaṃ nibbāna’’nti. ‘‘Mahāudakogho’’tiādīsu rāsaṭṭho ogha-saddoti ‘‘mahā heso kilesarāsī’’ti vuttaṃ sesesupīti bhavoghādīsupi.

Appatiṭṭhahantoti kilesādīnaṃ vasena asantiṭṭhanto, asaṃsīdantoti attho. Anāyūhantoti abhisaṅkhārādivasena na āyūhanto majjhimaṃ paṭipadaṃ vilaṅghitvā nibbuyhanto. Tenāha – ‘‘avāyamanto’’ti, micchāvāyāmavasena avāyamantoti adhippāyo. Gūḷhanti saṃvutaṃ. Paṭicchannanti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Atthavasena vā saṃvuttaṃ gūḷhaṃ, saddavasenapi apākaṭaṃ paṭicchannaṃ antaradīpādike ṭhātabbaṭṭhāne. Āyūhantāti hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamantā. Etaṃ atthajātaṃ, etaṃ vā vissajjanaṃ.

Idāni yenādhippāyena bhagavatā tathāgūḷhaṃ katvā pañho kathito, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘kiṃ panātiādi vuttaṃ. Niggahamukhenāti veneyyānaṃ vinayaupāyabhūtaniggahavasena. Tenāha ye paṇḍitamānino’’tiādi. Pavayha pavayhāti ophuṇitvā ophuṇitvā.

Soti devaputto nihatamāno ahosi yathāvissajjitassa atthassa ajānanto. Yathāti aniyamavacanaṃ niyamaniddiṭṭhaṃ hoti, taṃsambandhañca kathanti pucchāvacananti tadubhayassa atthaṃ dassento ‘‘yathāhaṃ jānāmi, evaṃ me kathehī’’ti āha.

Yadāsvāhanti yadā su ahaṃ, su-kāro nipātamattaṃ ‘‘yadidaṃ kathaṃ sū’’tiādīsu viya. Sabbapadesūti ‘‘tadāssu saṃsīdāmī’’tiādīsu tīsupi padesu. Atarantoti oghānaṃ atikkamanatthaṃ taraṇappayogaṃ akaronto. Tatthevāti oghaniyaoghesu eva. Osīdāmīti nimujjāmi oghehi ajjhotthaṭo homi. Nibbuyhāmīti oghehi nibbūḷho homi. Ṭhātuṃ asakkonto asaṃsīdanto. Ativattāmīti anupayogaṃ atikkamāmi, apanidhānavasena sammāpaṭipattiṃ virādhemīti attho. Ṭhāne ca vāyāme cāti vakkhamānavibhāge patiṭṭhahane vāyāme ca dosaṃ disvāti patiṭṭhānāyūhanesu saṃsīdananibbuyhanasaṅkhātaṃ taraṇassa vibandhanabhūtaṃ ādīnavaṃ disvāna. Idaṃ bhagavatā bodhimūle attanā pavattita-pubbabhāga-manasikāravasena vuttaṃ. Atiṭṭhanto avāyamantoti patiṭṭhānāyūhanakaraṇakilesādīnaṃ parivajjanena asaṃsīdanto anibbuyhanto. Devatāyapi paṭividdho tadattho upanissayasampannatāya vimuttiparipācanīyadhammānaṃ paripakkattā. Na pana pākaṭo vipañcitaññūādīnaṃ, ugghaṭitaññūnaṃ pana yathā tassā devatāya, tathā pākaṭo evāti. Satta dukā idāni vuccamānarūpā dassitā porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Kilesavasena santiṭṭhantoti lobhādīhi abhibhūtatāya saṃsāre patiṭṭhahanto sammā appaṭipajjanena tattheva saṃsīdati nāma. Abhisaṅkhāravasenāti tatthevābhisaṅkhāracetanāya cetento sammāpaṭipattiyogyassa khaṇassa ativattanena nibbuyhati nāma. Iminā nayena sesadukesupi attho veditabbo.

Ettha ca vaṭṭamūlakā kilesāti tesaṃ vasena saṃsāre avaṭṭhānaṃ taṃtaṃkammunā tattha tattha bhave abhinibbatti, kilesā pana tesaṃ paccayamattaṃ. Tattha tattha bhave aparāparaṃ nibbattento saṃsāre nibbuyhati nāmāti imassa atthassa dassanavasena paṭhamaduko vutto. Ime sattā saṃsāre paribbhamantā duvidhā taṇhācaritā diṭṭhicaritā cāti tesaṃ saṃsāranāyikabhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ vasena santiṭṭhanaṃ, tadaññesaṃ pavattipaccayānaṃ vasena āyūhananti imassa atthassa dassanavasena dutiyaduko vutto. Saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādadassanasabhāvāya taṇhāya vasena visesato patiṭṭhānaṃ, amuttimagge muttimaggaparāmāsato tathā āyūhanampi diṭṭhiyā vasena hotīti dassetuṃ tatiyaduko vutto. Catutthaduke pana adhippāyo aṭṭhakathāya eva vibhāvito. Yasmā ‘‘sassato attā’’ti abhinivisanto arūparāgaṃ, asaññūpagaṃ vā avimokkhaṃyeva vimokkhoti gahetvā saṃsāre eva olīyati. Tenāha ‘‘olīyanābhinivesā hi bhavadiṭṭhī’’ti. Yasmā pana kāmabhavādīsu yaṃ vā taṃ vā bhavaṃ patvā attā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇāti abhinivisanto bhavavippamokkhāvahāya sammāpaṭipattiyā appaṭipajjanena taṃ ativattati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘atidhāvanābhinivesā vibhavadiṭṭhī’’ti.

Līnavasena santiṭṭhantoti kosajjādivasena saṃkocāpajjanena sammā appaṭipajjanto. Uddhaccavasena āyūhantoti sammāsamādhino abhāvena vikkhepavasena pañcamo duko vutto. Yathā kāmasukhaṃ paviṭṭhassa samādhānaṃ natthi cittassa upakkiliṭṭhattā, evaṃ attaparitāpanamanuyuttassa kāyassa upakkiliṭṭhattā. Iti cittakāyaparikkilesakarā dve antā taṇhādiṭṭhinissayatāya saṃsīdananibbuyhananimittā vuttā chaṭṭhaduke. Pubbe sappadesatova saṃkilesadhammā ‘‘saṃsīdananimitta’’nti dassitāti idāni nippadesato dassanavasena, pubbe ca sādhāraṇato abhisaṅkhāradhammā ‘‘nibbuyhananimitta’’nti dassitāti idāni puññāneñjābhisaṅkhāre eva ‘‘āyūhananimitta’’nti dassanavasena sattamaduko vutto. Evañhi duggatisugatūpapattivasena saṃsīdananibbuyhanāni vibhajja dassitāni hontīti. Tenevāha ‘‘vuttampi ceta’’ntiādi. Adhobhāgaṃ duggatiṃ gamentīti adhobhāgaṅgamanīyā anunāsikalopaṃ akatvā. Tathā uparibhāgaṃ gamentīti uparibhāgaṅgamanīyā.

Ettha ca oghataraṇaṃ pucchitena bhagavatā ‘‘appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūha’’nti tassa pahānaṅgameva dassitaṃ, na sampayogaṅganti? Na evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, yāvatā yena patiṭṭhānaṃ hoti, yena ca āyūhanaṃ, tadubhayapaṭikkhepamukhena tappaṭipakkhadhammadassanametanti. Na hesa a-kāro kevalaṃ paṭisedhe, atha kho paṭipakkhe ‘‘akusalā dhammā, ahito, adhammo’’tiādīsu viya, tasmā appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ paṭipakkhavasena pavattamāno tathāpavattihetūvāti ayamettha attho. Khoti ca avadhāraṇatthe nipāto ‘‘assosi kho’’tiādīsu (pārā. 1) viya. Tena appatiṭṭhānassa ekaṃsikataṃ dasseti. Soyaṃ kho-saddo ‘‘anāyūha’’nti etthāpi ānetvā vattabbo. Anāyūhanampi hi ekaṃsikamevāti tassa paṭipakkho saha vipassanāya ariyamaggo. Tena hi oghataraṇaṃ hoti, na aññathā. Evamayaṃ yathānusandhidesanā katā, devatā ca sahavipassanaṃ maggaṃ paṭivijjhīti paṭhamaphale patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘imaṃ pañhavissajjana’’ntiādi.

‘‘Cirassā’’ti iminā samānatthaṃ padantarametanti āha ‘‘cirassa kālassā’’ti yathā ‘‘mamaṃ vā, bhikkhave’’ti (dī. ni. 1.5-6) ettha ‘‘mamā’’ti iminā samānatthaṃ padantaraṃ mamanti. Na diṭṭhapubbāti adassāvī. Adassāvitā ca disvā kattabbakiccassa asiddhatāya veditabbā. Aññathā kā nāma sā devatā, yā bhagavantaṃ na diṭṭhavatī? Tenāha ‘‘kiṃ panimāyā’’tiādi. Dassanaṃ upādāya evaṃ vattuṃ vattatīti yadā kadāci kañci piyajātikaṃ disvā taṃ dassanaṃ upādāya ‘‘cirena vata mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ passāmā’’ti adiṭṭhapubbaṃ diṭṭhapubbaṃ vā evaṃ vattuṃ yujjati, ayaṃ loke niruḷhe samudācāroti dasseti. Brahmaṃ vā vuccati ariyamaggo, tassa aṇanato jānanato paṭivijjhanato brāhmaṇo. Kilesanibbānenāti kilesānaṃ accantasamucchedasaṅkhātena nibbānena nibbutaṃ sammadeva vūpasanta-sabbakilesadaratha-pariḷāhaṃ. Āsattavisattādīhīti ādi-saddena visatādiākāre saṅgaṇhāti. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Visatāti visattikā, visaṭāti visattikā, visālāti visattikā, visakkatīti visattikā, visaṃvādikāti visattikā, visaṃ haratīti visattikā, visamūlāti visattikā, visaphalāti visattikā, visaparibhogoti visattikā, visālā vā pana sā taṇhā rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme kule gaṇe visatā vitthatāti visattikā’’ti (mahāni. 3).

Tattha visatāti vitthatā rūpādīsu tebhūmakadhammesu abhibyāpanavasena visaṭāti purimavacanameva ta-kārassa ṭa-kāraṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Visālāti vipulā. Visakkatīti parisakkati, sahati vā. Ratto hi rāgavatthunā pādena tāḷiyamānopi sahatīti. Osakkanaṃ vipphandanaṃ vā ‘‘visakkana’’ntipi vadanti. Aniccādiṃ niccādito. Gaṇhātīti visaṃvādikā hoti. Visaṃ haratīti tathā tathā kāmesu ānisaṃsaṃ passantī vividhehi ākārehi nekkhammābhimukhappavattito cittaṃ saṃharati saṃkhipati, visaṃ vā dukkhaṃ, taṃ harati, vahatīti attho. Dukkhanibbattakakammassa hetubhāvato visamūlā. Visaṃ vā dukkhābhibhūtā vedanā mūlaṃ etissāti visamūlā. Dukkhasamudayattā visaṃ phalaṃ etissāti visaphalā. Taṇhāya rūpādikassa dukkhasseva paribhogo hoti, na amatassāti visaparibhogoti vuttā, sabbattha niruttivasena padasiddhi veditabbā. Yo panettha padhāno attho, taṃ dassetuṃ puna ‘‘visālā vā panā’’tiādi vuttanti evamettha visattikāpadassa attho veditabbo. Tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamadutiyamaggehi. Nittiṇṇaṃ tatiyamaggena. Uttiṇṇaṃ catutthamaggena.

Samanuññoti sammadeva katānuñño. Tenāha ‘‘ekajjhāsayo ahosī’’ti. Antaradhāyīti adassanaṃ agamāsi. Yathā pana antaradhāyi, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘abhisaṅkhatakāya’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Mālehīti liṅgavipallāsena vuttaṃ, ‘‘mālāhī’’ti keci paṭhanti, ‘‘malyehī’’ti vattabbe ya-kāralopaṃ katvā niddeso. Ayaṃ tāva aṭṭhakathāya līnatthavaṇṇanā.

Nettinayavaṇṇanā

Idāni pakaraṇanayena pāḷiyā atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāma. Sā pana atthavaṇṇanā yasmā desanāya samuṭṭhānappayojanabhājanesu piṇḍatthesu ca niddhāritesu sukarā hoti suviññeyyā ca, tasmā suttadesanāya samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamaṃ niddhārayissāma. Tattha samuṭṭhānaṃ tāva desanānidānaṃ, taṃ sādhāraṇaṃ asādhāraṇanti duvidhaṃ. Tattha sādhāraṇampi abbhantarabāhirabhedato duvidhaṃ. Tattha sādhāraṇaṃ abbhantarasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma lokanāthassa mahākaruṇā. Tāya hi samussāhitassa bhagavato veneyyānaṃ dhammadesanāya cittaṃ udapādi, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.283; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 9). Ettha ca hetuavatthāyapi mahākaruṇāya saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo yāvadeva saṃsāramahoghato saddhammadesanāhatthadānehi sattasantāraṇatthaṃ taduppattito. Yathā ca mahākaruṇā, evaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ dasabalañāṇādīni ca desanāya abbhantarasamuṭṭhānabhāvena vattabbāni. Sabbañhi ñeyyadhammaṃ tesaṃ desetabbappakāraṃ sattānañca āsayānusayādiṃ yāthāvato jānanto bhagavā ṭhānāṭṭhānādīsu kosallena veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ vicittanayadesanaṃ pavattesīti. Bāhiraṃ pana sādhāraṇaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ dasasahassamahābrahmaparivāra-sahampatimahābrahmuno ajjhesanaṃ. Tadajjhesanuttarakālañhi dhammagambhīratāpaccavekkhaṇājanitaṃ appossukkataṃ paṭippassambhetvā dhammassāmī dhammadesanāya ussāhajāto ahosi. Asādhāraṇampi abbhantarabāhirabhedato duvidhameva. Tattha abbhantaraṃ yāya mahākaruṇāya yena ca desanāñāṇena idaṃ suttaṃ pavattitaṃ, tadubhayaṃ veditabbaṃ bāhiraṃ pana tassā devatāya pucchā, pucchāvasiko hesa suttanikkhepo. Tayidaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āgatameva.

Payojanampi sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇato duvidhaṃ. Tattha sādhāraṇaṃ anukkamena yāva anupādāparinibbānaṃ vimuttirasattā bhagavato desanāya. Tenevāha ‘‘etadatthā kathā, etadatthā mantanā’’tiādi (pari. 366). Asādhāraṇaṃ pana tassā devatāya dassanamaggasamadhigamo, ubhayampetaṃ bāhirameva. Sace pana veneyyasantānagatampi desanābalasiddhisaṅkhātaṃ payojanaṃ adhippāyasamijjhanabhāvato yathādhippetatthasiddhiyā mahākāruṇikassa bhagavatopi payojanamevāti gaṇheyya, iminā pariyāyenassa abbhantaratāpi siyā.

Apica tassā devatāya oghataraṇākārassa yāthāvato anavabodho imissā desanāya samuṭṭhānaṃ, tadavabodho payojanaṃ. So hi imāya desanāya bhagavantaṃ payojeti tannipphādanaparāyaṃ desanāti katvā. Yañhi desanāya sādhetabbaṃ phalaṃ, taṃ ākaṅkhitabbattā desakaṃ desanāya payojetīti payojananti vuccati. Tathā devatāya tadaññesañca vineyyānaṃ patiṭṭhānāyūhanavissajjanañcettha payojanaṃ . Tathā saṃsāracakkanivatti-saddhammacakkappavattisassatādimicchācāra-nirākaraṇaṃ sammāvādapurekkhāro akusalamūlasamūhananaṃ kusalamūlasamāropanaṃ apāyadvārapidahanaṃ saggamokkhadvāravivaraṇaṃ pariyuṭṭhānavūpasamanaṃ anusayasamugghātanaṃ ‘‘mutto mocessāmī’’ti purimapaṭiññāavisaṃvādanaṃ tappaṭipakkhamāramanorathavisaṃvādanaṃ titthiyasamayanimmathanaṃ buddhadhammapatiṭṭhāpananti evamādīnipi payojanāni idha veditabbāni.

Yathā devatā oghataraṇe saṃsayapakkhandā, tādisā aññe ca saṅkhātadhammānaṃ sammāsambuddhassa ca paṭipattiṃ ajānantā asaddhammassavana-dhāraṇa-paricaya-manasikāravipallatthabuddhikā saddhammassavana-dhāraṇa-paricayavimukhā ca bhavavimokkhesino vineyyā imissā desanāya bhājanaṃ.

Piṇḍatthā pana ‘‘appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūha’’nti padadvaye catusaccakammaṭṭhānānuyogavasena yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro kusalamūlasamāyogo olīyanātidhāvanāvissajjanaṃ upāyavinibandhavidhamanaṃ micchābhinivesadūrībhāvo taṇhāvijjāvisodhanaṃ vaṭṭattayavicchedanupāyo āsavogha-yoga-ganthāgati-taṇhuppādupādānaviyogo cetokhilavivecanaṃ abhinandananivāraṇaṃ saṃsaggātikkamo vivādamūlapariccāgo akusalakammapathaviddhaṃsanaṃ micchattātivattanaṃ anusayamūlacchedo. Sabbakilesa-darathapariḷāha-sārambhapaṭippassambhanaṃ dassanasavananiddeso vijjūpamavajirūpamadhammāpadeso apacayagāmidhammavibhāvanā pahānattayadīpanā sikkhattayānuyogo samathavipassanānuṭṭhānaṃ bhāvanāsacchikiriyāsiddhi sīlakkhandhādipārisuddhīti evamādayo veditabbā.

Tattha yesaṃ kilesādīnaṃ vasena patiṭṭhāti saṃsīdati, yesañca abhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ vasena āyūhati nibbuyhati, ubhayametaṃ samudayasaccaṃ, tappabhāvitā tadubhayanissitā ca khandhā dukkhasaccaṃ, tadubhayamattho, ‘‘appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūha’’nti adhippetassa atthassa paṭicchannaṃ katvā desanā upāyo mānaniggaṇhanavasena tassā devatāya saccābhisamayakāraṇabhāvato patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepopadesena caturoghanirattharaṇatthikehi antadvayarahitā majjhimā paṭipatti paṭipajjitabbāti ayamettha bhagavato āṇattīti ayaṃ desanāhāro.

Parasaṃsayapakkhandanatāya ñātukāmatāya ca kathaṃ nūti pucchāvasena vuttaṃ? Abhimukhabhāvato ekapuggalabhāvato ca ‘‘tva’’nti vuttaṃ. Paramukkaṃsagatassa garubhāvassa anaññayogyassa saddhammadhurassa paridīpanato sādhūti marisasīlādiguṇatāya ‘‘mārisā’’ti vuttaṃ . Avahananato rāsibhāvato ca ‘‘ogha’’nti vuttaṃ. Ñātuṃ icchitassa atthassa katattā pariyosāpitattā ‘‘itī’’ti vuttaṃ. Saṃsīdanalakkhaṇassa patiṭṭhānassa akātabbato sabbaso ca akatattā. ‘‘Appatiṭṭha’’nti vuttaṃ. Tayidaṃ akaraṇaṃ ekaṃsikanti khoti avadhāraṇavasena vuttaṃ. Tassa ca appatiṭṭhānassa sasantatigatattā ‘‘tva’’nti ca pucchitattā ‘‘aha’’nti vuttaṃ. Devatāya sambodhanato piyālapanato ca, ‘‘āvuso’’ti vuttaṃ. Nibbuyhanalakkhaṇassa āyūhanassa akātabbato sabbaso ca akatattā anāyūhanti vuttaṃ. Tiṇṇākārassa oghānaṃ anicchitabhāvato eva tattha saṃsayassa anapagatattā oghataraṇassa ca avisesattā ‘‘yathā kathaṃ panā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tathā saṃsīdanalakkhaṇaṃ patiṭṭhānaṃ saṃsāre ca saṇṭhānanti anatthantarattā abhinnakālikaṃ. Tathā nibbuyhanalakkhaṇaṃ āyūhanaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyā ativattananti anatthantarattā abhinnakālikanti vuttaṃ ‘‘yadā svāhaṃ…pe… tadāssu nibbuyhāmī’’ti. Tadubhayassa paṭipakkhabhāvato paṭibāhanato ca oghātiṇṇāti vuttaṃ ‘‘evaṃ khvāhaṃ…pe… oghamatari’’nti.

Ekabuddhantarantarikattā sudūrakālikatāya ‘‘cirassa’’nti vuttaṃ. Antarā adiṭṭhapubbatāya vimhayanīyatāya ca ‘‘vatā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tadā upalabbhamānatāya attapaccakkhatāya ca ‘‘passāmī’’ti vuttaṃ. Bāhitapāpato brahmassa ca ariyamaggassa aṇanato paṭivijjhanato ‘‘brāhmaṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Kilesasantāpavūpasamanato dukkhasantāpavūpasamanato ca sabbaso nibbutattā ‘‘parinibbuta’’nti vuttaṃ. Taraṇapayogassa nibbattitattā upari taritabbābhāvato ca ‘‘tiṇṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Ñāṇacakkhunā oloketabbato lujjanato palujjanato ca ‘‘loke’’ti vuttaṃ. Visayesu sañjanato jātabhāvato ‘‘visattika’’nti vuttaṃ. Ñāṇassa paccakkhabhāvato nigamanato ca ‘‘ida’’nti vuttaṃ. Bhāsitattā parisamattattā ca ‘‘avocā’’ti vuttaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ gahitattā paccāmasanato ca ‘‘sā devatā’’ti vuttaṃ. Paṭikkhepassa abhāvato atthassa anumoditabbato ‘‘samanuñño’’ti vuttaṃ. Vineyyānaṃ sāsanato paramatthasampattito ca ‘‘satthā’’ti vuttaṃ. Cakkhupathātikkamena tirobhāvūpagamanato ‘‘antaradhāyī’’ti vuttanti ayaṃ anupadavicayato vicayahāro.

Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanehi oghataraṇaṃ yujjati kilesābhisaṅkhāravijahanena pārasampattisamijjhanato. Sabbakilesa-taṇhādiṭṭhi-taṇhāyatana-sassatādivasena santiṭṭhato saṃsāre saṃsīdanaṃ hotīti yujjati kāraṇassa suppatiṭṭhitabhāvato. Abhisaṅkharaṇakicce kilesābhisaṅkhāre vijjamāne sabbadiṭṭhābhinivesa-atidhāvanābhinivesādīnaṃ vasena āyūhantassa saṃsāramahoghena nibbuyhanaṃ hotīti yujjati sammāpaṭipattiyā ativattanato. Brahmassa ariyamaggassa aṇanato paṭivijjhanato brāhmaṇabhāvo yujjjati bāhitapāpattā. Sammadeva santadhammasamadhigamato parinibbutabhāvo yujjati sabbaso savāsanapahīnakilesattā. Tathā ca visattikāya tiṇṇabhāvo yujjati yathā yāya lesopi na dissati, evaṃ aggamaggena tassā samucchinnattāti ayaṃ yuttihāro.

Kilesavaṭṭavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ visesato kammavaṭṭassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanañca vipākavaṭṭassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanāni oghataraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ, oghataraṇaṃ anupādisesanibbānassa. Taṇhāvasena patiṭṭhānassa assādānupassitā padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.52, 56).

Khandhāvijjā-phassa-saññā-vitakkāyonisomanasikāra-pāpamittaparatoghosā diṭṭhivasena patiṭṭhānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathāha – paṭisambhidāmagge (paṭi. ma. 1.124) ‘‘khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’ntiādi. Taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanaavasesakilesābhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ. Iminā nayena yathārahaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhādivasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ padaṭṭhānabhāvo vattabbo. Sesamettha pāḷito eva suniddhāriyaṃ. Ayaṃ padaṭṭhānahāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepena vissajjentena niyyānāvahā sammāpaṭipatti gahitā ekantato oghanittharaṇūpāyabhāvato. Taggahaṇena ca sabbepi sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā gahitā honti niyyānalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattāti ayaṃ lakkhaṇahāro.

Nidānamassā devatāya oghataraṇākārassa yāthāvato anavabodhoti vuttovāyamattho. Aññepi ye imaṃ desanaṃ nissāya oghataraṇūpāyaṃ paṭivijjhanti, tepi imissā desanāya nidānanti daṭṭhabbā. ‘‘Kathaṃ nu kho imaṃ desanaṃ nissāya sammadeva paṭivijjhantā catubbidhampi oghaṃ tarantā sakalasaṃsāramahoghato nitthareyyuṃ, pare ca tattha patiṭṭhapeyyu’’nti ayamettha bhagavato adhippāyo. Padanibbacanaṃ niruttaṃ, taṃ ‘‘eva’’ntiādinidānapadānaṃ ‘‘katha’’ntiādipāḷipadānañca aṭṭhakathāya tassā līnatthavaṇṇanāya ca vuttanayānusārena sukarattā ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha.

Pada-padattha-desanā-nikkhepa-suttasandhi-vasena pañcavidhā sandhi. Tattha padassa padantarena sambandho padasandhi. Tathā padatthassa padatthantarena sambandho padatthasandhi, yo ‘‘kiriyākārakasambandho’’ti vutto. Nānānusandhikassa taṃtaṃanusandhīti sambandho, ekānusandhikassa pana pubbāparasambandho desanāsandhi, yā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘pucchānusandhi ajjhāsayānusandhi yathānusandhī’’ti tidhā vibhattā. Ajjhāsayo cettha attajjhāsayo parajjhāsayoti dvidhā veditabbo. Nikkhepasandhi catunnaṃ suttanikkhepānaṃ vasena veditabbā. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ papañcasūdanīṭīkāyaṃ vuttanayena gahetabbaṃ. Suttasandhi idha paṭhamanikkhepavasena veditabbā.

‘‘Kasmā panettha oghataraṇasuttameva paṭhamaṃ nikkhitta’’nti nāyamanuyogo katthaci na pavattati? Apica ‘‘appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ oghamatari’’nti patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepavasena antadvayavivajjanamukhena vā majjhimāya paṭipadāya vibhāvanato sabbapaṭhamamidaṃ suttaṃ idha nikkhittaṃ. Antadvayaṃ anupagamma majjhimāya paṭipattiyā saṅkāsanaparañhi buddhānaṃ sāsananti. Yaṃ pana ekissā desanāya desanantarena saddhiṃ saṃsandanaṃ, ayampi desanāsandhi. Sā idha evaṃ veditabbā –

‘‘Appatiṭṭhaṃ…pe… anāyūhaṃ oghamatari’’nti ayaṃ desanā –

‘‘Sabbadā sīlasampanno, paññavā susamāhito;

Āraddhavīriyo pahitatto, oghaṃ tarati duttaraṃ.

‘‘Virato kāmasaññāya, rūpasaṃyojanātigo;

Nandīrāgaparikkhīṇo, so gambhīre na sīdati; (Saṃ. ni. 1.96);

Saddhāya tarati oghaṃ, appamādena aṇṇavaṃ. (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. 186);

‘‘Pañca chinde pañca jahe, pañca cuttari bhāvaye;

Pañcasaṅgātigo bhikkhu, oghatiṇṇoti vuccati. (saṃ. ni. 1.5; dha. pa. 370);

‘‘Tasmā jantu sadā sato, kāmāni parivajjaye;

Te pahāya tare oghaṃ, nāvaṃ sitvāva pāragū. (su. ni. 777; mahāni. 6; netti. 5);

‘‘Ekāyanaṃ jātikhayantadassī, maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī;

Etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe, tarissanti ye ca taranti ogha’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 5.384, 409; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. pārāyanānugītigāthāniddesa 107; paṭhamavagga 121; netti. 170) –

Evamādīhi desanāhi saṃsandatīti ayaṃ catubyūho hāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti ettha saṃkilesavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ āyūhanañca. Tena ayonisomanasikāro dīpito, santakilesavasena anāyūhanena yonisomanasikāro. Tattha ayonisomanasikaroto taṇhāvijjā pavaḍḍhati. Tesu taṇhāgahaṇena ca taṇhāmūlakā dhammā āvattanti. Avijjāgahaṇena avijjāmūlakaṃ sabbaṃ bhavacakkaṃ āvattati. Yonisomanasikāraggahaṇena ca yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā āvattanti catubbidhañca sampatticakkaṃ. Patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepena pana sammāpaṭipatti dīpitā, sā ca saṅkhepato sīlādisaṅgahā. Tattha sīlaggahaṇena ekādasa sīlānisaṃsā āvattanti, samādhiggahaṇena pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi pañcaññāṇiko sammāsamādhi samādhiparikkhārā ca āvattanti. Paññāgahaṇena paññā ca sammādiṭṭhīti sammādiṭṭhisudassanā sabbepi ariyamaggadhammā āvattantīti ayaṃ āvatto hāro.

Patiṭṭhānaṃ kilesādivasena sattavidhaṃ. Āyūhanaṃ abhisaṅkhārādivasena sattavidhaṃ. Tathā tappaṭipakkhato appatiṭṭhānaṃ anāyūhanañca. Ayamettha dhammavibhatti. Padaṭṭhānabhūmivibhattiyo pana heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbā. Ayaṃ vibhattihāro.

Pubbabhāgappaṭipadaṃ sammadeva sampādetvā samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ katvā bhāvanaṃ ussakkento kilesādīnaṃ dūrīkaraṇato tesaṃ vasena asaṃsīdanto anibbuyhanto appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ oghaṃ tarati. Kilesādīnaṃ vasena pana saṃsīdanto nibbuyhanto saṃsāre patiṭṭhānato āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā āyūhanato oghaṃ na taratīti ayaṃ parivatto hāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃ asantiṭṭhanto asaṃsīdanto anibbisaṃ anavinibbisanti pariyāyavacanaṃ, anāyūhaṃ anibbuyhanto acetento apakappentoti pariyāyavacanaṃ, oghaṃ kilesasamuddanti pariyāyavacanaṃ, atari atikkami accavāyīti pariyāyavacanaṃ. Iminā nayena sesapadesupi pariyāyavacanaṃ veditabbanti ayaṃ vevacano hāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti ettha patiṭṭhaṃ āyūhanti kilesānaṃ kiccakaraṇapaññatti. Pariyuṭṭhānānaṃ vibhāvanapaññatti. Abhisaṅkhārānaṃ viruhanapaññatti. Taṇhāya assādapaññatti. Diṭṭhiyā parinipphandanapaññatti. Bhavadiṭṭhiyā bhavābhinivesapaññatti. Vibhavadiṭṭhiyā vipallāsapaññatti. Kāmasukhānuyogassa kāmesu anugijjhanapaññatti. Attakilamathānuyogassa attaparitāpanapaññatti. Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti pana abhiññeyyadhammānaṃ abhiññāpaññatti. Pariññeyyadhammānaṃ pariññāpaññatti. Oghamatarinti pahātabbadhammānaṃ pahānapaññatti. Maggassa bhāvanāpaññatti. Nirodhassa sacchikiriyāpaññattīti ayaṃ paññattihāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti ettha patiṭṭhānāyūhanaggahaṇena oghaggahaṇena ca samudayasaccaṃ gahitaṃ. Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ atarinti pana padattayena maggasaccaṃ gahitaṃ, hetugahaṇena ca hetumato gahaṇaṃ siddhamevāti dukkhanirodhasaccāni atthato gahitānevāti ayaṃ saccehi otaraṇā. Tattha ye lokiyā pañcakkhandhā, yesaṃ vasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanasiddhi. Ye lokuttarā cattāro khandhā, yesaṃ vasena oghataraṇasiddhi. Ayaṃ khandhamukhena otaraṇā. Ye eva pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, te cattāro khandhā dvāyatanāni dve dhātuyoti ayaṃ āyatanamukhena dhātumukhena ca otaraṇā. Tathā appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti ettha patiṭṭhānāyūhanaggahaṇena kilesābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Kilesābhisaṅkhārādayo oghā ca saṅkhārakkhandhā dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu ca, appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanaggahaṇena oghataraṇavacanena ca saha vipassanāya maggo kathito. Evañca saṅkhārakkhandho dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu ca gahitāti evampi khandhamukhena āyatanamukhena dhātumukhena otaraṇā. Vipassanā ce aniccānupassanā, animittamukhena vimokkhamukhaṃ, dukkhānupassanā ce, appaṇihitavimokkhamukhaṃ, anattānupassanā ce, suññatavimokkhamukhanti evaṃ vimokkhamukhena otaraṇaṃ. Magge sekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo dhammāyatanadhammadhātū anāsavā ca evampi kho khandhādimukhena otaraṇāti ayaṃ otaraṇo hāro.

Appatiṭṭhanti ārambho. Anāyūhanti padasuddhi, no ārambhasuddhi, tathā oghanti. Atarinti pana padasuddhi ceva ārambhasuddhi cāti ayaṃ sodhano hāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃanāyūhanti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhiādivasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ sādhāraṇato paṭikkhepacodanāti katvā oghamatarinti taṃ vikappetvā visesavacanaṃ. Oghataraṇañhi cattāro ariyamaggā. Tattha paṭhamadutiyamaggā avisesena diṭṭhoghataraṇaṃ, tatiyamaggo kāmoghataraṇaṃ, aggamaggo sesoghataraṇanti ayaṃ adhiṭṭhāno hāro.

Kilesavasena patiṭṭhānassa ayonisomanasikāro hetu. Abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanassa kilesā hetū. Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanānaṃ pana yathākkamaṃ yonisomanasikārapahānāni hetū. Saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassanā taṇhāvasena yathārahaṃ tassa hetū. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī’’ti. Khandhāvijjāphassasaññāvitakkāyonisomanasikārapāpamittaparatoghosā diṭṭhivasena patiṭṭhānassa hetū. Tenāha – paṭisambhidāmagge ‘‘khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhāna’’ntiādi. Taṇhābhinandanā avasesakilesābhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanassa hetū. Iminā nayena yathārahaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhivasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ hetuvibhāgo niddhāretabbo, tabbipariyāyena appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanānaṃ. Kilesuppādane hi sammadeva ādīnavadassanaṃ appatiṭṭhānassa hetū, abhisaṅkharaṇe ādīnavadassanaṃ anāyūhanassa hetū, vipassanāya ussukkāpanaṃ oghataraṇassa hetūti ayaṃ parikkhāro hāro.

Yathāvuttavibhāgehi patiṭṭhānāyūhanehi catubbidhassapi oghassa parisuddhi. Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanehi pana sotānaṃ saṃvaro sabbaso pidhānañcāti catubbidhassapi oghassa visesato pidhānaṃ appavattikaraṇaṃ. Ariyamaggassa bhāvanāya hi kilesavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanaṃ upacchinnaṃ, tassa sabbepi oghā tiṇṇā sammatiṇṇā pahīnā hontīti ayaṃ samāropano hāro.

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti ettha patiṭṭhāgahaṇena taṇhāvijjā gahitā. Tāsaṃ hi vasena satto tattha tattha bhave patiṭṭhāti. Āyūhanaggahaṇena tappaccayā abhisaṅkhāradhammā gahitā. Tattha taṇhāya visesato rūpadhammā adhiṭṭhānaṃ, avijjāya arūpadhammā. Tesaṃ yathākkamaṃ samatho ca vipassanā ca paṭipakkhā, te ‘‘appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ oghamatari’’nti padehi pakāsitā honti, tesu samathassa cetovimutti phalaṃ, vipassanāya paññāvimutti. Tathā hi sā ‘‘rāgavirāgā avijjāvirāgā’’ti visesetvā vuccati. Tattha taṇhāvijjā abhisaṅkhāro ca samudayasaccaṃ, tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhūtā rūpārūpadhammā dukkhasaccaṃ, tesaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā oghataraṇapariyāyena vuttā maggasaccaṃ. Taṇhāgahaṇena cettha māyā-sāṭheyyamānātimāna-madappamāda-pāpicchatā-pāpamittatā-ahirikānottappādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo. Avijjāgahaṇena viparītamanasikāra-kodhūpanāha-makkhapaḷāsa-issāmacchariya-sārambha- dovacassatā-bhavadiṭṭhiādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo. Vuttavipariyāyena amāyāasāṭheyyādiaviparītamanasikārādivasena. Tathā samathapakkhiyānaṃ saddhindriyānaṃ vipassanāpakkhiyānaṃ aniccasaññādīnañca vasena vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ nandiyāvattassa nayassa bhūmi.

Tathā vuttanayena gahitesu taṇhāvijjātappakkhiyadhammesu taṇhā lobho, avijjā moho, avijjāya sampayutto lohite sati pubbo viya taṇhāya sati sijjhamāno āghāto doso iti tīhi akusalamūlehi gahitehi, tappaṭipakkhato ‘‘appatiṭṭha’’ntiādivacanehi ca tīṇi akusalamūlāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni ca siddhāni eva honti. Idhāpi lobho sabbāni sāsavakusalamūlāni āyūhanadhammā ca samudayasaccaṃ, tannibbattā tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānagocarabhūtā ca upādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā saccayojanā yojetabbā. Phalaṃ panettha vimokkhattayavasena niddhāretabbaṃ, tīhi akusalamūlehi tividhaduccarita-saṃkilesamalavisamaakusalasaññā-vitakkādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo, tathā tīhi kusalamūlehi tividhasucarita-samakusalasaññā-vitakka-samādhi-vimokkhamukhādivasena vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ tipukkhalassa nayassa bhūmi.

Tathā vuttanayena gahitesu taṇhāvijjātappakkhiyadhammesu visesato taṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti, dukkhe ‘‘sukha’’nti ca vipallāsā, avijjādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena ‘‘anicce nicca’’nti anattani ‘‘attā’’ti vipallāsā veditabbā. Tesaṃ paṭipakkhato ‘‘appatiṭṭha’’ntiādivacanehi ca laddhehi sativīriyasamādhipaññindriyehi cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni siddhāneva honti.

Tattha catūhi indriyehi cattāro puggalā niddisitabbā. Kathaṃ? Duvidho hi taṇhācarito mudindriyo tikkhindriyoti, tathā diṭṭhicarito. Tesu paṭhamo asubhe ‘‘subha’’nti vipariyesaggāhī satibalena yathābhūtaṃ kāyasabhāvaṃ sallakkhento bhāvanābalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ samugghātetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati. Dutiyo asukhe ‘‘sukha’’nti vipariyesaggāhī ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’tiādinā vuttena vīriyasaṃvarabhūtena vīriyabalena paṭipakkhaṃ vinodento bhāvanābalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ viddhaṃsetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati. Tatiyo anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti ayāthāvaggāhī samathabalena samāhitacitto saṅkhārānaṃ taṅkhaṇikabhāvaṃ sallakkhento bhāvanābalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ samugghātetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati. Catuttho santati-samūha-kiccārammaṇa-ghanavañcitatāya phassādidhammapuñjamatte anattani ‘‘attā’’ti micchābhinivesī catukoṭikasuññatāmanasikārena taṃ micchābhinivesaṃ viddhaṃsetvā sāmaññaphalaṃ sacchikaroti. Subhasaññāsukhasaññādīhi catūhi vā vipallāsehi samudayasaccaṃ, tesamadhiṭṭhānārammaṇabhūtā pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā saccayojanā veditabbā. Phalaṃ panettha cattāri sāmaññaphalāni, catūhi cettha vipallāsehi caturāsavoghayoga-kāyagantha-agati-taṇhuppādupādāna-sattaviññāṇaṭṭhiti-apariññādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo, tathā catūhi satipaṭṭhānehi catubbidhajhāna-vihārādhiṭṭhāna-sukhabhāgiyadhamma-appamaññāsammappadhāniddhipādādivasena vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ sīhavikkīḷitassa nayassa bhūmi.

Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇaṃ atthanayānaṃ siddhiyā vohāranayadvayaṃ siddhameva hoti. Tathā hi atthanayānaṃ disābhūtadhammālocanaṃ disālocanaṃ, tesaṃ samānayanaṃ aṅkusoti pañcapi nayā idha niyuttāti veditabbā. Idañca suttaṃ soḷasavidhe suttantapaṭṭhāne nibbedhasekkhabhāgiyaṃ byatirekamukhena patiṭṭhānāyūhanāni gahitānīti saṃkilesanibbedhasekkhabhāgiyaṃ cāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Aṭṭhavīsatividhe pana suttantapaṭṭhāne lokiyalokuttaraṃ sattādhiṭṭhānaṃ ñāṇañeyyaṃ dassanabhāvanaṃ sakavacanaṃ vissajjanīyaṃ kusalaṃ anuññātanti veditabbaṃ.

Oghataraṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.