| Library / English Dictionary |
ORGANELLE
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
A specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
Example:
the first organelle to be identified was the nucleus
Synonyms:
cell organ; cell organelle; organelle
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("organelle" is a kind of...):
organ (a fully differentiated structural and functional unit in an animal that is specialized for some particular function)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "organelle"):
cilium (a hairlike projection from the surface of a cell; provides locomotion in free-swimming unicellular organisms)
lysosome (an organelle found in the cytoplasm of most cells (especially in leukocytes and liver and kidney cells))
cell nucleus; karyon; nucleus (a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction)
nucleole; nucleolus (a small round body of protein in a cell nucleus; such organelles contain RNA and are involved in protein synthesis)
chondriosome; mitochondrion (an organelle containing enzymes responsible for producing energy)
centriole (one of a pair of small cylindrical cell organelles near the nucleus in animal cells; composed of nine triplet microtubules and form the asters during mitosis)
ribosome (an organelle in the cytoplasm of a living cell; they attach to mRNA and move down it one codon at a time and then stop until tRNA brings the required amino acid; when it reaches a stop codon it falls apart and releases the completed protein molecule for use by the cell)
Holonyms ("organelle" is a part of...):
cell ((biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals)
Context examples:
Short term color changes are brought about by an active redistribution of the melanophores pigment containing organelles (MELANOSOMES).
(Murine Melanophores, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)
Following binding, monoclonal antibody RAV12 disrupts sodium channels of tumor cells expressing this glycotope, resulting in cell and organelle swelling, loss of membrane integrity, and cell death.
(Monoclonal Antibody RAV12, NCI Thesaurus)
A rod shaped cytoplasmic organelle found in Langerhans cells of the epidermis.
(Birbeck Granule, NCI Thesaurus)
They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.
(Cytoskeletal Protein, NCI Thesaurus)
An organelle with a double membrane that sequesters proteins and other organelles which may be targeted for degradation.
(Autophagosome, NCI Thesaurus)
Amyloid-beta (Abeta), a major component of senile plaques, has various pathological effects on cell and organelle function.
(Alzheimer's Disease Pathway KEGG, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)
A straight line through one of two small cylindrical cell organelles composed of 9 triplet microtubules.
(Axis of the Centriole, NCI Thesaurus)
This essential energy production takes place inside mitochondria, the self-contained "powerplant" organelles inside cells.
(Excess Fat Disrupts Heart Cell's Energy System, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
Cold exposure revealed distinct differences in the reaction of mitochondria, organelles that provide energy to the cell in the form of adenosine, triphosphate (ATP).
(Researchers develop “hibernation in a dish” to study how animals adapt to the cold, National Institutes of Health)
They are often associated with microtubules and may play a role in cytoskeletal function and/or mediate movement of the cell or the organelles within the cell.
(Microfilament Protein, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)
