11. Paññattihāravibhaṅgavaṇṇanā

39.Tatthakatamo paññattihāroti paññattihāravibhaṅgo. Tattha kā panāyaṃ paññattīti? Āha ‘‘yā pakatikathāya desanā’’ti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yā desanāhārādayo viya assādādipadatthavisesaniddhāraṇaṃ akatvā bhagavato sābhāvikadhammakathāya desanā. Yā tassā paññāpanā, ayaṃ paññattihāro. Yasmā pana sā bhagavato tathā tathā veneyyasantāne yathādhippetamatthaṃ nikkhipatīti nikkhepo. Tassa cāyaṃ hāro dukkhādisaṅkhāte bhāge pakārehi ñāpeti, asaṅkarato vā ṭhapeti, tasmā ‘‘nikkhepapaññattī’’ti vutto. Iti pakatikathāya desanāti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ vitthārena vibhajituṃ ‘‘kā ca pakatikathāya desanā’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘cattāri saccānī’’tiādimāha.

Tattha idaṃ dukkhanti ayaṃ paññattīti kakkhaḷaphusanādisabhāve rūpārūpadhamme atītādivasena anekabhedabhinne abhinditvā pīḷanasaṅkhatasantāpavipariṇāmaṭṭhatāsāmaññena yā kucchitabhāvādimukhena ekajjhaṃ gahaṇassa kāraṇabhūtā paññatti, kā pana sāti? Nāmapaññattinibandhanā tajjāpaññatti. ‘‘Viññattivikārasahito saddo evā’’ti apare. Iminā nayena tattha tattha paññattiattho veditabbo. ‘‘Pañcannaṃ khandhāna’’ntiādinā tassā paññattiyā upādānaṃ dasseti. Dasannaṃ indriyānanti aṭṭha rūpindriyāni manindriyaṃ vedanindriyanti evaṃ dasannaṃ. Anubhavanasāmaññena hi vedanā ekamindriyaṃ katā, tathā saddhādayo ca maggapakkhiyāti.

Kabaḷaṃ karīyatīti kabaḷīkāroti vatthuvasena ayaṃ niddeso. Yāya ojāya sattā yāpenti, tassāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sā hi ojaṭṭhamakassa rūpassa āharaṇato āhāro. Atthīti maggena asamucchinnatāya vijjati. Rāgoti rañjanaṭṭhena rāgo. Nandanaṭṭhena nandī. Taṇhāyanaṭṭhena taṇhā. Sabbānetāni lobhasseva nāmāni. Patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ viruḷhanti kammaṃ javāpetvā paṭisandhiākaḍḍhanasamatthatāya patiṭṭhitañceva viññāṇaṃ viruḷhañca. Yatthāti tebhūmakavaṭṭe bhummaṃ, sabbattha vā purimapurimapade etaṃ bhummaṃ. Atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhīti ye imasmiṃ vipākavaṭṭe ṭhitassa āyatiṃ vaḍḍhanahetukā saṅkhārā, te sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattī’’ti yasmiṃ ṭhāne āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti atthi. Atthi tattha āyatiṃjātijarāmaraṇanti yattha paṭisandhiggahaṇaṃ, tattha khandhānaṃ abhinibbattilakkhaṇā jāti, paripākalakkhaṇā jarā, bhedanalakkhaṇaṃ maraṇañca atthi. Ayaṃ pabhāvapaññatti dukkhassa ca samudayassa cāti ayaṃ yathāvuttā desanā dukkhasaccassa samudayasaccassa ca samuṭṭhānapaññatti, vipākavaṭṭassa saṅkhārānañca taṇhāpaccayaniddesatoti adhippāyo.

Natthi rāgoti aggamaggabhāvanāya samucchinnattā natthi ce rāgo. Appatiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ aviruḷhanti kammaṃ javāpetvā paṭisandhiākaḍḍhanasamatthatāyābhāvena appatiṭṭhitañceva aviruḷhañcāti vuttapaṭipakkhanayena attho veditabbo.

‘‘Ayaṃ pariññāpaññattī’’tiādinā ekābhisamayavaseneva maggasammādiṭṭhi catūsu ariyasaccesu pavattatīti dasseti. Ayaṃ bhāvanāpaññattīti ayaṃ dvārārammaṇehi chadvārappavattanadhammānaṃ aniccānupassanā maggassa bhāvanāpaññatti. Nirodhapaññatti nirodhassāti rodhasaṅkhātāya taṇhāya maggena anavasesanirodhapaññatti. Uppādapaññattīti uppannassa paññāpanā. Okāsapaññattīti ṭhānassa paññāpanā. Āhaṭanāpaññattīti nīharaṇapaññatti. Āsāṭikānanti gunnaṃ vaṇesu nīlamakkhikāhi ṭhapitaaṇḍakā āsāṭikā nāma. Ettha yassa uppannā, tassa sattassa anayabyasanahetutāya āsāṭikā viyāti āsāṭikā, kilesā, tesaṃ āsāṭikānaṃ. Abhinighātapaññattīti samugghātapaññatti.

41. Evaṃ vaṭṭavivaṭṭamukhena sammasanaupādānakkhandhamukheneva saccesu paññattivibhāgaṃ dassetvā idāni teparivaṭṭavasena dassetuṃ ‘‘idaṃ ‘dukkha’nti me, bhikkhave’’tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha dassanaṭṭhena cakkhu. Yathāsabhāvato jānanaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ. Paṭivijjhanaṭṭhena paññā. Viditakaraṇaṭṭhena vijjā. Obhāsanaṭṭhena āloko. Sabbaṃ paññāvevacanameva. Ayaṃ vevacanapaññatti. Sacchikiriyāpaññattīti paccakkhakaraṇapaññatti.

Tulamatulañcāti gāthāya pacurajanānaṃ paccakkhabhāvato tulitaṃ paricchinnanti tulaṃ, kāmāvacaraṃ. Na tulanti atulaṃ, tulaṃ vā sadisamassa aññaṃ lokiyakammaṃ natthīti atulaṃ, mahaggatakammaṃ. Kāmāvacararūpāvacarakammaṃ vā tulaṃ, arūpāvacaraṃ atulaṃ, appavipākaṃ vā tulaṃ. Bahuvipākaṃ atulaṃ. Sambhavati etenāti sambhavaṃ, sambhavahetubhūtaṃ. Bhavasaṅkhāraṃ punabbhavasaṅkharaṇakaṃ. Avassajīti vissajjesi. Munīti buddhamuni. Ajjhattaratoti niyakajjhattarato . Samāhitoti upacārappanāsamādhivasena samāhito. Abhindi kavacamivāti kavacaṃ viya bhindi. Attasambhavanti attani sañjātaṃ kilesaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – savipākaṭṭhena sambhavaṃ bhavābhisaṅkharaṇaṭṭhena bhavasaṅkhāranti ca laddhanāmaṃ tulātulasaṅkhātaṃ lokiyakammañca ossaji, saṅgāmasīse mahāyodho kavacaṃ viya attasambhavaṃ kilesañca ajjhattarato samāhito hutvā abhindīti.

Atha vā tulanti tulayanto tīrento. Atulañca sambhavanti nibbānañceva sambhavañca. Bhavasaṅkhāranti bhavagāmikammaṃ. Avassaji munīti ‘‘pañcakkhandhā aniccā, tesaṃ nirodho nibbānaṃ nicca’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 3.38 atthato samānaṃ) nayena tulayanto buddhamuni bhave ādīnavaṃ nibbāne ānisaṃsañca disvā taṃ khandhānaṃ mūlabhūtaṃ bhavasaṅkhāraṃ kammakkhayakarena ariyamaggena avassaji. Kathaṃ? Ajjhattarato. So hi vipassanāvasena ajjhattarato samathavasena samāhito kavacamiva attabhāvaṃ pariyonandhitvā ṭhitaṃ attani sambhavattā ‘‘attasambhava’’nti laddhanāmaṃ sabbaṃ kilesajātaṃ abhindi, kilesābhāve kammaṃ appaṭisandhikattā avassaṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti, kilesābhāvena kammaṃ jahīti attho (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.169; udā. aṭṭha. 51).

Saṅkhatāsaṅkhatadhātuvinimuttassa abhiññeyyassa abhāvato vuttaṃ ‘‘tula…pe… dhammāna’’nti. Tena dhammapaṭisambhidā vuttā hotīti āha – ‘‘nikkhepapaññatti dhammapaṭisambhidāyā’’ti. Bhavasaṅkhāre samudayapakkhiyaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘pariccāgapaññattī’’ti. Dukkhasaccapakkhiyavasena ‘‘pariññāpaññattī’’ti. Samādhānavisiṭṭhassa ajjhattaratabhāvassa vasena ‘‘bhāvanāpaññatti kāyagatāya satiyā’’ti vuttaṃ. Ajjhattaratatāvisiṭṭhassa pana samādhānassa vasena ‘‘ṭhitipaññatti cittekaggatāyā’’ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Abhinibbidāpaññatti cittassāti āyusaṅkhārossajjanavasena cittassa abhinīharaṇapaññatti. Upādānapaññattīti gahaṇapaññatti. Sabbaññutāyāti sammāsambuddhabhāvassa. Etena asammāsambuddhassa āyusaṅkhārossajjanaṃ natthīti dasseti. Kilesābhāvena bhagavā kammaṃ jahatīti dassento ‘‘padālanāpaññatti avijjaṇḍakosāna’’nti āha.

Yo dukkhamaddakkhi yatonidānanti yo āraddhavipassako sabbaṃ tebhūmakaṃ dukkhaṃ adakkhi passi, tañca yatonidānaṃ yaṃ hetukaṃ, tampissa kāraṇabhāvena taṇhaṃ passi. Kāmesu so jantu kathaṃnameyyāti so evaṃ paṭipanno puriso savatthukāmesu kilesakāmesu yena pakārena nameyya abhinameyya, so pakāro natthi. Kasmā? Kāmā hi loke saṅgoti ñatvā. Yasmā imasmiṃ loke kāmasadisaṃ bandhanaṃ natthi. Vuttañcetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘na taṃ daḷhaṃ bandhanamāhu dhīrā’’tiādi (dha. pa. 345; saṃ. ni. 1.121; netti. 106; peṭako 15), tasmā saṅkhāre āsajjanaṭṭhena saṅgoti viditvā. Tesaṃ satīmā vinayāya sikkheti kāyagatāsatiyogena satimā tesaṃ kāmānaṃ vūpasamāya tīsupi sikkhāsu appamatto sikkheyyāti attho.

Vevacanapaññattīti khandhādīnaṃ vevacanapaññatti. Adakkhīti pana padena sambandhattā vuttaṃ – ‘‘dukkhassa pariññāpaññatti cā’’ti. Paccatthikato dassanapaññattīti anatthajananato paccatthikato dassanapaññatti. Pāvakakappāti jalitaaggikkhandhasadisā. Papātauragopamāti papātūpamāuragopamā ca.

Mohasambandhano lokoti ayaṃ loko avijjāhetukehi saṃyojanehi bandho. Bhabbarūpova dissatīti vipannajjhāsayopi māyāya sāṭheyyena ca paṭicchāditasabhāvo bhabbajātikaṃ viya attānaṃ dasseti. Upadhibandhano bālo, tamasā parivāritoti tassa pana bālassa tathā dassane sammohatamasā parivāritattā kāmaguṇesu anādīnavadassitāya kilesābhisaṅkhārehi bandhattā. Tathā bhūto cāyaṃ bālo paṇḍitānaṃ assirī viya khāyati alakkhiko eva hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Tayidaṃ sabbaṃ bālassa sato rāgādikiñcanato. Paṇḍitassa pana paññācakkhunā passato natthi kiñcananti ayaṃ saṅkhepattho. Mohasīsena vipallāsā gahitāti āha – ‘‘desanāpaññatti vipallāsāna’’nti. Viparītapaññattīti viparītākārena upaṭṭhahamānassa paññāpanā.

Atthi nibbānanti samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ vācāvatthumattameva. Natthi nibbānanti paramatthato alabbhamānasabhāvattāti vippaṭipannānaṃ micchāvādaṃ bhañjituṃ bhagavatā vuttaṃ – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti. Tattha hetuṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘no cetaṃ, bhikkhave’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tassattho – bhikkhave, yadi asaṅkhatā dhātu na abhavissa, na idha sabbassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ siyā. Nibbānañhi ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānā sammādiṭṭhiādayo maggadhammā anavasesakilese samucchindanti, tato tividhassapi vaṭṭassa appavattīti.

Tatthāyamadhippāyo – yathā pariññeyyatāya sauttarānaṃ kāmānaṃ rūpānañca paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tabbidhurasabhāvaṃ nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ taṃsabhāvānaṃ saṅkhabhadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtena tabbidhuratāsabhāvena nissaraṇena bhavitabbaṃ, yañca taṃ nissaraṇaṃ. Sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Kiñca bhiyyo? Saṅkhatadhammārammaṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ. Api ca anulomañāṇaṃ kilese na samucchedavasena pajahituṃ sakkoti. Sammutisaccārammaṇampi paṭhamajjhānādīsu ñāṇaṃ vikkhambhanamattameva karoti, kilesānaṃ na samucchedaṃ, samucchedappahānakarañca ariyamaggañāṇaṃ, tassa saṅkhatadhammasammutisaccaviparītena ārammaṇena bhavitabbaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Tathā nibbāna-saddo katthaci visaye aviparītattho veditabbo, upacāravuttisabbhāvato, yathā taṃ ‘‘sīhasaddo’’ti.

Atha vā ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti (udā. 73) vacanaṃ aviparītatthaṃ, bhagavatā bhāsitattā. Yañhi bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, taṃ aviparītatthaṃ. Yathā taṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.353, 356; kathā. 753; cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 4; paṭi. ma. 1.31; netti. 5; dha. pa. 277-279), evampi yuttivasena asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā paramatthato sabbhāvo veditabbo. Kiṃ vā etāya yutticintāya? Yasmā bhagavatā ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhatanti (udā. 73), appaccayā dhammā asaṅkhatā dhammāti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7-8) ca, asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi asaṅkhatagāminiñca paṭipada’’ntiādinā (saṃ. ni. 4.366-367, 377) ca anekehi suttapadehi nibbānadhātuyā paramatthato sabbhāvo desitoti. Tattha upanayanapaññattīti paṭipakkhato hetuupanayanassa paññāpanā. Jotanāpaññattīti paṭiññātassa atthassa siddhiyā pakāsanāpaññatti. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ suviññeyyameva.

Paññattihāravibhaṅgavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.