परिहानसुत्त

Parihānasutta

Decline

तत्र खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “आवुसो भिक्खवे”ति।

Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi: “āvuso bhikkhave”ti.

There Sāriputta addressed the bhikkhus: “Friends, bhikkhus!”

“आवुसो”ति खो ते भिक्खू आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स पच्चस्सोसुं। आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो एतदवोच:

“Āvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṁ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:

“Friend,” they replied. Sāriputta said this:

“‘परिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो, परिहानधम्मो पुग्गलोऽति, आवुसो, वुच्चति। ‘अपरिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो, अपरिहानधम्मो पुग्गलोऽति, आवुसो, वुच्चति। कित्तावता नु खो, आवुसो, परिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो वुत्तो भगवता, कित्तावता च पन अपरिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो वुत्तो भगवता”ति?

“‘Parihānadhammo puggalo, parihānadhammo puggalo’ti, āvuso, vuccati. ‘Aparihānadhammo puggalo, aparihānadhammo puggalo’ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, parihānadhammo puggalo vutto bhagavatā, kittāvatā ca pana aparihānadhammo puggalo vutto bhagavatā”ti?

“Friends, they speak of a person liable to decline, and one not liable to decline. But how did the Buddha define a person liable to decline, and one not liable to decline?”

“दूरतोपि खो मयं, आवुसो, आगच्छाम आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स सन्तिके एतस्स भासितस्स अत्थमञ्ञातुं। साधु वतायस्मन्तंयेव सारिपुत्तं पटिभातु एतस्स भासितस्स अत्थो। आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स सुत्वा भिक्खू धारेस्सन्ती”ति।

“Dūratopi kho mayaṁ, āvuso, āgacchāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṁ. Sādhu vatāyasmantaṁyeva sāriputtaṁ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Āyasmato sāriputtassa sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti.

“Friend, we would travel a long way to learn the meaning of this statement in the presence of Venerable Sāriputta. May Venerable Sāriputta himself please clarify the meaning of this. The bhikkhus will listen and remember it.”

“तेनहावुसो, सुणाथ, साधुकं मनसि करोथ, भासिस्सामी”ति।

“Tenahāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.

“Then listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

“एवमावुसो”ति खो ते भिक्खू आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स पच्चस्सोसुं। आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो एतदवोच:

“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṁ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:

“Yes, friend,” they replied. Sāriputta said this:

“कित्तावता नु खो, आवुसो, परिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो वुत्तो भगवता? इधावुसो, भिक्खु अस्सुतञ्चेव धम्मं न सुणाति, सुता चस्स धम्मा सम्मोसं गच्छन्ति, ये चस्स धम्मा पुब्बे चेतसो असम्फुट्ठपुब्बा ते चस्स न समुदाचरन्ति, अविञ्ञातञ्चेव न विजानाति। एत्तावता खो, आवुसो, परिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो वुत्तो भगवता।

“Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, parihānadhammo puggalo vutto bhagavatā? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu assutañceva dhammaṁ na suṇāti, sutā cassa dhammā sammosaṁ gacchanti, ye cassa dhammā pubbe cetaso asamphuṭṭhapubbā te cassa na samudācaranti, aviññātañceva na vijānāti. Ettāvatā kho, āvuso, parihānadhammo puggalo vutto bhagavatā.

“How did the Buddha define a person liable to decline? It’s when a bhikkhu doesn’t get to hear a teaching they haven’t heard before. They forget those teachings they have heard. They don’t keep rehearsing the teachings they’ve already got to know. And they don’t come to understand what they haven’t understood before. That’s how the Buddha defined a person liable to decline.

कित्तावता च पनावुसो, अपरिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो वुत्तो भगवता? इधावुसो, भिक्खु अस्सुतञ्चेव धम्मं सुणाति, सुता चस्स धम्मा न सम्मोसं गच्छन्ति, ये चस्स धम्मा पुब्बे चेतसो असम्फुट्ठपुब्बा ते चस्स समुदाचरन्ति, अविञ्ञातञ्चेव विजानाति। एत्तावता खो, आवुसो, अपरिहानधम्मो पुग्गलो वुत्तो भगवता।

Kittāvatā ca panāvuso, aparihānadhammo puggalo vutto bhagavatā? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu assutañceva dhammaṁ suṇāti, sutā cassa dhammā na sammosaṁ gacchanti, ye cassa dhammā pubbe cetaso asamphuṭṭhapubbā te cassa samudācaranti, aviññātañceva vijānāti. Ettāvatā kho, āvuso, aparihānadhammo puggalo vutto bhagavatā.

And how did the Buddha define a person not liable to decline? It’s when a bhikkhu gets to hear a teaching they haven’t heard before. They remember those teachings they have heard. They keep rehearsing the teachings they’ve already got to know. And they come to understand what they haven’t understood before. That’s how the Buddha defined a person not liable to decline.

नो चे, आवुसो, भिक्खु परचित्तपरियायकुसलो होति, अथ ‘सचित्तपरियायकुसलो भविस्सामीऽति—एवञ्हि वो, आवुसो, सिक्खितब्बं।

No ce, āvuso, bhikkhu paracittapariyāyakusalo hoti, atha ‘sacittapariyāyakusalo bhavissāmī’ti—evañhi vo, āvuso, sikkhitabbaṁ.

If a bhikkhu isn’t skilled in the ways of another’s mind, then they should train themselves: ‘I will be skilled in the ways of my own mind.’

कथञ्चावुसो, भिक्खु सचित्तपरियायकुसलो होति? सेय्यथापि, आवुसो, इत्थी वा पुरिसो वा दहरो युवा मण्डनकजातिको आदासे वा परिसुद्धे परियोदाते अच्छे वा उदपत्ते सकं मुखनिमित्तं पच्चवेक्खमानो सचे तत्थ पस्सति रजं वा अङ्गणं वा, तस्सेव रजस्स वा अङ्गणस्स वा पहानाय वायमति। नो चे तत्थ पस्सति रजं वा अङ्गणं वा, तेनेवत्तमनो होति परिपुण्णसङ्कप्पो: ‘लाभा वत मे, परिसुद्धं वत मेऽति।

Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu sacittapariyāyakusalo hoti? Seyyathāpi, āvuso, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanakajātiko ādāse vā parisuddhe pariyodāte acche vā udapatte sakaṁ mukhanimittaṁ paccavekkhamāno sace tattha passati rajaṁ vā aṅgaṇaṁ vā, tasseva rajassa vā aṅgaṇassa vā pahānāya vāyamati. No ce tattha passati rajaṁ vā aṅgaṇaṁ vā, tenevattamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo: ‘lābhā vata me, parisuddhaṁ vata me’ti.

And how is a bhikkhu skilled in the ways of their own mind? Suppose there was a woman or man who was young, youthful, and fond of adornments, and they check their own reflection in a clean bright mirror or a clear bowl of water. If they see any dirt or blemish there, they’d try to remove it. But if they don’t see any dirt or blemish there, they’re happy with that, as they’ve got all they wished for: ‘How fortunate that I’m clean!’

एवमेव खो, आवुसो, भिक्खुनो पच्चवेक्खणा बहुकारा होति कुसलेसु धम्मेसु: ‘अनभिज्झालु नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, अब्यापन्नचित्तो नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, विगतथिनमिद्धो नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, अनुद्धतो नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, तिण्णविचिकिच्छो नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, अक्कोधनो नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, असङ्किलिट्ठचित्तो नु खो बहुलं विहरामि, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, लाभी नु खोम्हि अज्झत्तं धम्मपामोज्जस्स, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, लाभी नु खोम्हि अज्झत्तं चेतोसमथस्स, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नो, लाभी नु खोम्हि अधिपञ्ञाधम्मविपस्सनाय, संविज्जति नु खो मे एसो धम्मो उदाहु नोऽति।

Evameva kho, āvuso, bhikkhuno paccavekkhaṇā bahukārā hoti kusalesu dhammesu: ‘anabhijjhālu nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, abyāpannacitto nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, vigatathinamiddho nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, anuddhato nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, tiṇṇavicikiccho nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, akkodhano nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, asaṅkiliṭṭhacitto nu kho bahulaṁ viharāmi, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, lābhī nu khomhi ajjhattaṁ dhammapāmojjassa, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, lābhī nu khomhi ajjhattaṁ cetosamathassa, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no, lābhī nu khomhi adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, saṁvijjati nu kho me eso dhammo udāhu no’ti.

In the same way, checking is very helpful for a bhikkhu’s skillful qualities. ‘Is contentment often found in me or not? Is kind-heartedness often found in me or not? Is freedom from dullness and drowsiness often found in me or not? Is calm often found in me or not? Is confidence often found in me or not? Is love often found in me or not? Is purity of mind often found in me or not? Is internal joy with the teaching found in me or not? Is internal serenity of heart found in me or not? Is the higher wisdom of discernment of principles found in me or not?’

सचे पन, आवुसो, भिक्खु पच्चवेक्खमानो सब्बेपिमे कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि न समनुपस्सति, तेनावुसो, भिक्खुना सब्बेसंयेव इमेसं कुसलानं धम्मानं पटिलाभाय अधिमत्तो छन्दो च वायामो च उस्साहो च उस्सोळ्ही च अप्पटिवानी च सति च सम्पजञ्ञञ्च करणीयं। सेय्यथापि, आवुसो, आदित्तचेलो वा आदित्तसीसो वा। तस्सेव चेलस्स वा सीसस्स वा निब्बापनाय अधिमत्तं छन्दञ्च वायामञ्च उस्साहञ्च उस्सोळ्हिञ्च अप्पटिवानिञ्च सतिञ्च सम्पजञ्ञञ्च करेय्य। एवमेवं खो, आवुसो, तेन भिक्खुना सब्बेसंयेव कुसलानं धम्मानं पटिलाभाय अधिमत्तो छन्दो च वायामो च उस्साहो च उस्सोळ्ही च अप्पटिवानी च सति च सम्पजञ्ञञ्च करणीयं।

Sace pana, āvuso, bhikkhu paccavekkhamāno sabbepime kusale dhamme attani na samanupassati, tenāvuso, bhikkhunā sabbesaṁyeva imesaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭilābhāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṁ. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, ādittacelo vā ādittasīso vā. Tasseva celassa vā sīsassa vā nibbāpanāya adhimattaṁ chandañca vāyāmañca ussāhañca ussoḷhiñca appaṭivāniñca satiñca sampajaññañca kareyya. Evamevaṁ kho, āvuso, tena bhikkhunā sabbesaṁyeva kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭilābhāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṁ.

Suppose a bhikkhu, while checking, doesn’t see any of these skillful qualities in themselves. In order to get them they should apply intense enthusiasm, effort, zeal, vigor, perseverance, mindfulness, and situational awareness. Suppose your clothes or head were on fire. In order to extinguish it, you’d apply intense enthusiasm, effort, zeal, vigor, perseverance, mindfulness, and situational awareness. In the same way, they should apply intense enthusiasm to get those skillful qualities …

सचे पनावुसो, भिक्खु पच्चवेक्खमानो एकच्चे कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि समनुपस्सति, एकच्चे कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि न समनुपस्सति, तेनावुसो, भिक्खुना ये कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि समनुपस्सति तेसु कुसलेसु धम्मेसु पतिट्ठाय, ये कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि न समनुपस्सति तेसं कुसलानं धम्मानं पटिलाभाय अधिमत्तो छन्दो च वायामो च उस्साहो च उस्सोळ्ही च अप्पटिवानी च सति च सम्पजञ्ञञ्च करणीयं। सेय्यथापि, आवुसो, आदित्तचेलो वा आदित्तसीसो वा। तस्सेव चेलस्स वा सीसस्स वा निब्बापनाय अधिमत्तं छन्दञ्च वायामञ्च उस्साहञ्च उस्सोळ्हिञ्च अप्पटिवानिञ्च सतिञ्च सम्पजञ्ञञ्च करेय्य। एवमेवं खो, आवुसो, तेन भिक्खुना ये कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि समनुपस्सति तेसु कुसलेसु धम्मेसु पतिट्ठाय, ये कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि न समनुपस्सति तेसं कुसलानं धम्मानं पटिलाभाय अधिमत्तो छन्दो च वायामो च उस्साहो च उस्सोळ्ही च अप्पटिवानी च सति च सम्पजञ्ञञ्च करणीयं।

Sace panāvuso, bhikkhu paccavekkhamāno ekacce kusale dhamme attani samanupassati, ekacce kusale dhamme attani na samanupassati, tenāvuso, bhikkhunā ye kusale dhamme attani samanupassati tesu kusalesu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya, ye kusale dhamme attani na samanupassati tesaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭilābhāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṁ. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, ādittacelo vā ādittasīso vā. Tasseva celassa vā sīsassa vā nibbāpanāya adhimattaṁ chandañca vāyāmañca ussāhañca ussoḷhiñca appaṭivāniñca satiñca sampajaññañca kareyya. Evamevaṁ kho, āvuso, tena bhikkhunā ye kusale dhamme attani samanupassati tesu kusalesu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya, ye kusale dhamme attani na samanupassati tesaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭilābhāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṁ.

Suppose a bhikkhu, while checking, sees some of these skillful qualities in themselves, but doesn’t see others. Grounded on the skillful qualities they see, they should apply intense enthusiasm, effort, zeal, vigor, perseverance, mindfulness, and situational awareness in order to get the skillful qualities they don’t see. Suppose your clothes or head were on fire. In order to extinguish it, you’d apply intense enthusiasm, effort, zeal, vigor, perseverance, mindfulness, and situational awareness. In the same way, grounded on the skillful qualities they see, they should apply intense enthusiasm to get those skillful qualities they don’t see.

सचे पनावुसो, भिक्खु पच्चवेक्खमानो सब्बेपिमे कुसले धम्मे अत्तनि समनुपस्सति, तेनावुसो, भिक्खुना सब्बेस्वेव इमेसु कुसलेसु धम्मेसु पतिट्ठाय उत्तरि आसवानं खयाय योगो करणीयो”ति।

Sace panāvuso, bhikkhu paccavekkhamāno sabbepime kusale dhamme attani samanupassati, tenāvuso, bhikkhunā sabbesveva imesu kusalesu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya uttari āsavānaṁ khayāya yogo karaṇīyo”ti.

But suppose a bhikkhu, while checking, sees all of these skillful qualities in themselves. Grounded on all these skillful qualities they should practice meditation further to end the defilements.”

पञ्चमं।

Pañcamaṁ.

Next: पठमसञ्ञासुत्त • Paṭhamasaññāsutta • Perceptions (1st)

The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]

परिहानसुत्त

Parihānasutta

Decline

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