| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Aṅguttara Nikāya, English translation |
अङ्गुत्तर निकाय ८।७३
Aṅguttara Nikāya 8.73
Numbered Discourses 8.73
८। यमकवग्ग
8. Yamakavagga
8. Pairs
पठममरणस्सतिसुत्त
Paṭhamamaraṇassatisutta
Mindfulness of Death (1st)
एकं समयं भगवा नातिके विहरति गिञ्जकावसथे। तत्र खो भगवा भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “भिक्खवो”ति।
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā nātike1 viharati giñjakāvasathe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “bhikkhavo”ti.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Ñātika in the brick house. There the Buddha addressed the bhikkhus, “Bhikkhus!”
“भदन्ते”ति ते भिक्खू भगवतो पच्चस्सोसुं। भगवा एतदवोच:
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ. Bhagavā etadavoca:
“Venerable sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:
“मरणस्सति, भिक्खवे, भाविता बहुलीकता महप्फला होति महानिसंसा अमतोगधा अमतपरियोसाना। भावेथ नो तुम्हे, भिक्खवे, मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“maraṇassati, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṁsā amatogadhā amatapariyosānā. Bhāvetha no tumhe, bhikkhave, maraṇassatin”ti.
“Bhikkhus, when mindfulness of death is developed and cultivated it’s very fruitful and beneficial. It culminates in the deathless and ends with the deathless. But do you develop mindfulness of death?”
एवं वुत्ते, अञ्ञतरो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहं खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Evaṁ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahaṁ kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
When he said this, one of the bhikkhus said to the Buddha, “Sir, I develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं रत्तिन्दिवं जीवेय्यं, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ rattindivaṁ jīveyyaṁ, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu2 vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live for another day and night, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं दिवसं जीवेय्यं, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ divasaṁ jīveyyaṁ, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live for another day, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं उपड्ढदिवसं जीवेय्यं, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ upaḍḍhadivasaṁ jīveyyaṁ, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live for half a day, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं एकपिण्डपातं भुञ्जामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ ekapiṇḍapātaṁ bhuñjāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live as long as it takes to eat a single almsmeal, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं उपड्ढपिण्डपातं भुञ्जामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ upaḍḍhapiṇḍapātaṁ bhuñjāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live as long as it takes to eat half an almsmeal, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं चत्तारो पञ्च आलोपे सङ्खादित्वा अज्झोहरामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ cattāro pañca ālope saṅkhāditvā3 ajjhoharāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live as long as it takes to chew and swallow four or five mouthfuls, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं एकं आलोपं सङ्खादित्वा अज्झोहरामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ ekaṁ ālopaṁ saṅkhāditvā4 ajjhoharāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live as long as it takes to chew and swallow a single mouthful, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
अञ्ञतरोपि खो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “अहम्पि खो, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
Aññataropi kho bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “ahampi kho, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
Another bhikkhu said to the Buddha, “Sir, I too develop mindfulness of death.”
“यथा कथं पन त्वं, भिक्खु, भावेसि मरणस्सतिन्”ति?
“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhāvesi maraṇassatin”ti?
“But bhikkhu, how do you develop it?”
“इध मय्हं, भन्ते, एवं होति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं अस्ससित्वा वा पस्ससामि, पस्ससित्वा वा अस्ससामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। एवं खो अहं, भन्ते, भावेमि मरणस्सतिन्”ति।
“Idha mayhaṁ, bhante, evaṁ hoti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ assasitvā vā passasāmi, passasitvā vā assasāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Evaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhāvemi maraṇassatin”ti.
“In this case, sir, I think: ‘Oh, if I’d only live as long as it takes to breathe out after breathing in, or to breathe in after breathing out, I’d focus on the Buddha’s instructions and I could really achieve a lot.’ That’s how I develop mindfulness of death.”
एवं वुत्ते, भगवा ते भिक्खू एतदवोच:
Evaṁ vutte, bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca:
When this was said, the Buddha said to those bhikkhus:
“य्वायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं रत्तिन्दिवं जीवेय्यं, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। यो चायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं दिवसं जीवेय्यं, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति; यो चायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं उपड्ढदिवसं जीवेय्यं, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। यो चायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं एकपिण्डपातं भुञ्जामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति; यो चायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं उपड्ढपिण्डपातं भुञ्जामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। यो चायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं चत्तारो पञ्च आलोपे सङ्खादित्वा अज्झोहरामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति—इमे वुच्चन्ति, भिक्खवे, ‘भिक्खू पमत्ता विहरन्ति, दन्धं मरणस्सतिं भावेन्ति आसवानं खयायऽ।
“yvāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ rattindivaṁ jīveyyaṁ, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Yo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ divasaṁ jīveyyaṁ, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti; yo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ upaḍḍhadivasaṁ jīveyyaṁ, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Yo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ ekapiṇḍapātaṁ bhuñjāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti; yo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ upaḍḍhapiṇḍapātaṁ bhuñjāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Yo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ cattāro pañca ālope saṅkhāditvā ajjhoharāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti—ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, ‘bhikkhū pamattā viharanti, dandhaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāventi āsavānaṁ khayāya’.
“The bhikkhus who develop mindfulness of death by wishing to live for a day and night … or to live for a day … or to live for half a day … or to live as long as it takes to eat a meal of almsfood … or to live as long as it takes to eat half a meal of almsfood … or to live as long as it takes to chew and swallow four or five mouthfuls … These are called bhikkhus who live negligently. They slackly develop mindfulness of death for the ending of defilements.
यो च ख्वायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं एकं आलोपं सङ्खादित्वा अज्झोहरामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति। यो चायं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु एवं मरणस्सतिं भावेति: ‘अहो वताहं तदन्तरं जीवेय्यं यदन्तरं अस्ससित्वा वा पस्ससामि, पस्ससित्वा वा अस्ससामि, भगवतो सासनं मनसि करेय्यं, बहु वत मे कतं अस्साऽति—इमे वुच्चन्ति, भिक्खवे, ‘भिक्खू अप्पमत्ता विहरन्ति, तिक्खं मरणस्सतिं भावेन्ति आसवानं खयायऽ।
Yo ca khvāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ ekaṁ ālopaṁ saṅkhāditvā ajjhoharāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti. Yo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāveti: ‘aho vatāhaṁ tadantaraṁ jīveyyaṁ yadantaraṁ assasitvā vā passasāmi, passasitvā vā assasāmi, bhagavato sāsanaṁ manasi kareyyaṁ, bahu vata me kataṁ assā’ti—ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, ‘bhikkhū appamattā viharanti, tikkhaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāventi āsavānaṁ khayāya’.
But the bhikkhus who develop mindfulness of death by wishing to live as long as it takes to chew and swallow a single mouthful … or to live as long as it takes to breathe out after breathing in, or to breathe in after breathing out … These are called bhikkhus who live diligently. They keenly develop mindfulness of death for the ending of defilements.
तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, एवं सिक्खितब्बं: ‘अप्पमत्ता विहरिस्साम, तिक्खं मरणस्सतिं भावयिस्साम आसवानं खयायाऽति। एवञ्हि वो, भिक्खवे, सिक्खितब्बन्”ति।
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: ‘appamattā viharissāma, tikkhaṁ maraṇassatiṁ bhāvayissāma āsavānaṁ khayāyā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti.
So you should train like this: ‘We will live diligently. We will keenly develop mindfulness of death for the ending of defilements.’ That’s how you should train.”
ततियं।
Tatiyaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
