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अङ्गुत्तर निकाय ७।४२
Aṅguttara Nikāya 7.42
Numbered Discourses 7.42
४। देवतावग्ग
4. Devatāvagga
4. Deities
पठमनिद्दससुत्त
Paṭhamaniddasasutta
Graduation (1st)
अथ खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो पुब्बण्हसमयं निवासेत्वा पत्तचीवरमादाय सावत्थिं पिण्डाय पाविसि। अथ खो आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स एतदहोसि: “अतिप्पगो खो ताव सावत्थियं पिण्डाय चरितुं। यन्नूनाहं येन अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं आरामो तेनुपसङ्कमेय्यन्”ति।
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṁ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa etadahosi: “atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṁ piṇḍāya carituṁ. Yannūnāhaṁ yena aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyan”ti.
Then Venerable Sāriputta robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Sāvatthī for alms. Then it occurred to him, “It’s too early to wander for alms in Sāvatthī. Why don’t I go to the monastery of the wanderers of other religions?”
अथ खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो येन अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं आरामो तेनुपसङ्कमि; उपसङ्कमित्वा तेहि अञ्ञतित्थियेहि परिब्बाजकेहि सद्धिं सम्मोदि। सम्मोदनीयं कथं सारणीयं वीतिसारेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदि।
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ ārāmo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṁ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.
Then he went to the monastery of the wanderers of other religions, and exchanged greetings with the wanderers there. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side.
तेन खो पन समयेन तेसं अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं सन्निसिन्नानं सन्निपतितानं अयमन्तराकथा उदपादि: “यो हि कोचि, आवुसो, द्वादसवस्सानि परिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं चरति, ‘निद्दसो भिक्खूऽति अलंवचनाया”ति।
Tena kho pana samayena tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ sannisinnānaṁ sannipatitānaṁ ayamantarākathā udapādi: “yo hi koci, āvuso, dvādasavassāni paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṁvacanāyā”ti.
Now at that time while those wanderers of other religions were sitting together this discussion came up among them, “Friends, anyone who lives the full and pure spiritual life for twelve years is qualified to be called a ‘graduate bhikkhu’.”
अथ खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो तेसं अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं भासितं नेव अभिनन्दि नप्पटिक्कोसि। अनभिनन्दित्वा अप्पटिक्कोसित्वा उट्ठायासना पक्कामि: “भगवतो सन्तिके एतस्स भासितस्स अत्थं आजानिस्सामी”ति।
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ bhāsitaṁ neva abhinandi nappaṭikkosi. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi: “bhagavato santike etassa bhāsitassa atthaṁ ājānissāmī”ti.
Sāriputta neither approved nor dismissed that statement of the wanderers of other religions. He got up from his seat, thinking, “I will learn the meaning of this statement from the Buddha himself.”
अथ खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो सावत्थियं पिण्डाय चरित्वा पच्छाभत्तं पिण्डपातपटिक्कन्तो येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमि; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदि। एकमन्तं निसिन्नो खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो भगवन्तं एतदवोच:
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṁ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
Then Sāriputta wandered for alms in Sāvatthī. After the meal, on his return from almsround, he went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened, adding:
“इधाहं, भन्ते, पुब्बण्हसमयं निवासेत्वा पत्तचीवरमादाय सावत्थिं पिण्डाय पाविसिं। तस्स मय्हं, भन्ते, एतदहोसि: ‘अतिप्पगो खो ताव सावत्थियं पिण्डाय चरितुं। यन्नूनाहं येन अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं आरामो तेनुपसङ्कमेय्यन्ऽति। अथ ख्वाहं, भन्ते, येन अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं आरामो तेनुपसङ्कमिं; उपसङ्कमित्वा तेहि अञ्ञतित्थियेहि परिब्बाजकेहि सद्धिं सम्मोदिं। सम्मोदनीयं कथं सारणीयं वीतिसारेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदिं। तेन खो पन, भन्ते, समयेन तेसं अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं सन्निसिन्नानं सन्निपतितानं अयमन्तराकथा उदपादि: ‘यो हि कोचि, आवुसो, द्वादसवस्सानि परिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं चरति, निद्दसो भिक्खूति अलंवचनायाऽति। अथ ख्वाहं, भन्ते, तेसं अञ्ञतित्थियानं परिब्बाजकानं भासितं नेव अभिनन्दिं नप्पटिक्कोसिं। अनभिनन्दित्वा अप्पटिक्कोसित्वा उट्ठायासना पक्कमिं: ‘भगवतो सन्तिके एतस्स अत्थं आजानिस्सामीऽति। सक्का नु खो, भन्ते, इमस्मिं धम्मविनये केवलं वस्सगणनमत्तेन निद्दसो भिक्खु पञ्ञापेतुन्”ति?
“Idhāhaṁ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṁ piṇḍāya pāvisiṁ. Tassa mayhaṁ, bhante, etadahosi: ‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṁ piṇḍāya carituṁ. Yannūnāhaṁ yena aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyyan’ti. Atha khvāhaṁ, bhante, yena aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṁ sammodiṁ. Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁ. Tena kho pana, bhante, samayena tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ sannisinnānaṁ sannipatitānaṁ ayamantarākathā udapādi: ‘yo hi koci, āvuso, dvādasavassāni paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati, niddaso bhikkhūti alaṁvacanāyā’ti. Atha khvāhaṁ, bhante, tesaṁ aññatitthiyānaṁ paribbājakānaṁ bhāsitaṁ neva abhinandiṁ nappaṭikkosiṁ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṁ: ‘bhagavato santike etassa atthaṁ ājānissāmī’ti. Sakkā nu kho, bhante, imasmiṁ dhammavinaye kevalaṁ vassagaṇanamattena niddaso bhikkhu paññāpetun”ti?
“Sir, in this teaching and training can we describe a bhikkhu as a ‘graduate’ solely because they have completed a certain number of years?”
“न खो, सारिपुत्त, सक्का इमस्मिं धम्मविनये केवलं वस्सगणनमत्तेन निद्दसो भिक्खु पञ्ञापेतुं। सत्त खो इमानि, सारिपुत्त, निद्दसवत्थूनि मया सयं अभिञ्ञा सच्छिकत्वा पवेदितानि।
“Na kho, sāriputta, sakkā imasmiṁ dhammavinaye kevalaṁ vassagaṇanamattena niddaso bhikkhu paññāpetuṁ. Satta kho imāni, sāriputta, niddasavatthūni mayā sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni.
“No, Sāriputta, we cannot. I make known these seven qualifications for graduation after realizing them with my own insight.
कतमानि सत्त? इध, सारिपुत्त, भिक्खु सिक्खासमादाने तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च सिक्खासमादाने अविगतपेमो, धम्मनिसन्तिया तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च धम्मनिसन्तिया अविगतपेमो, इच्छाविनये तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च इच्छाविनये अविगतपेमो, पटिसल्लाने तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च पटिसल्लाने अविगतपेमो, वीरियारम्भे तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च वीरियारम्भे अविगतपेमो, सतिनेपक्के तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च सतिनेपक्के अविगतपेमो, दिट्ठिपटिवेधे तिब्बच्छन्दो होति आयतिञ्च दिट्ठिपटिवेधे अविगतपेमो। इमानि खो, सारिपुत्त, सत्त निद्दसवत्थूनि मया सयं अभिञ्ञा सच्छिकत्वा पवेदितानि। इमेहि खो, सारिपुत्त, सत्तहि निद्दसवत्थूहि समन्नागतो भिक्खु द्वादस चेपि वस्सानि परिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं चरति, ‘निद्दसो भिक्खूऽति अलंवचनाय; चतुब्बीसति चेपि वस्सानि परिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं चरति, ‘निद्दसो भिक्खूऽति अलंवचनाय; छत्तिंसति चेपि वस्सानि परिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं चरति, ‘निद्दसो भिक्खूऽति अलंवचनाय, अट्ठचत्तारीसञ्चेपि वस्सानि परिपुण्णं परिसुद्धं ब्रह्मचरियं चरति, ‘निद्दसो भिक्खूऽति अलंवचनाया”ति।
Katamāni satta? Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu sikkhāsamādāne tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca sikkhāsamādāne avigatapemo, dhammanisantiyā tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca dhammanisantiyā avigatapemo, icchāvinaye tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca icchāvinaye avigatapemo, paṭisallāne tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca paṭisallāne avigatapemo, vīriyārambhe tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca vīriyārambhe avigatapemo, satinepakke tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca satinepakke avigatapemo, diṭṭhipaṭivedhe tibbacchando hoti āyatiñca diṭṭhipaṭivedhe avigatapemo. Imāni kho, sāriputta, satta niddasavatthūni mayā sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Imehi kho, sāriputta, sattahi niddasavatthūhi samannāgato bhikkhu dvādasa cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṁvacanāya; catubbīsati cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṁvacanāya; chattiṁsati cepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṁvacanāya, aṭṭhacattārīsañcepi vassāni paripuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carati, ‘niddaso bhikkhū’ti alaṁvacanāyā”ti.
What seven? It’s when a bhikkhu has a keen enthusiasm to undertake the training … to examine the teachings … to get rid of desires … for retreat … to rouse up energy … for mindfulness and alertness … to penetrate theoretically. And they don’t lose these desires in the future. These are the seven qualifications for graduation that I make known after realizing them with my own insight. A bhikkhu who has these seven qualifications for graduation is qualified to be called a ‘graduate bhikkhu’. This is so whether they have lived the full and pure spiritual life for twelve years, twenty-four years, thirty-six years, or forty-eight years.”
एकादसमं।
Ekādasamaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
