Library / English Dictionary

PROOF

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

The act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something

Synonyms:

proof; substantiation; validation

Classified under:

Nouns denoting acts or actions

Hypernyms ("proof" is a kind of...):

determination; finding (the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "proof"):

authentication; certification (validating the authenticity of something or someone)

documentation; support (documentary validation)

monetisation; monetization (establishing something (e.g. gold or silver) as the legal tender of a country)

probate (the act of proving that an instrument purporting to be a will was signed and executed in accord with legal requirements)

Sense 2

Meaning:

A trial photographic print from a negative

Classified under:

Nouns denoting man-made objects

Hypernyms ("proof" is a kind of...):

photographic print; print (a printed picture produced from a photographic negative)

Derivation:

proof (make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset)

Sense 3

Meaning:

Any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

Example:

if you have any proof for what you say, now is the time to produce it

Synonyms:

cogent evidence; proof

Classified under:

Nouns denoting cognitive processes and contents

Hypernyms ("proof" is a kind of...):

evidence; grounds (your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "proof"):

check; confirmation; substantiation; verification (additional proof that something that was believed (some fact or hypothesis or theory) is correct)

establishment; validation (the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof)

Sense 4

Meaning:

(printing) an impression made to check for errors

Synonyms:

proof; test copy; trial impression

Classified under:

Nouns denoting communicative processes and contents

Hypernyms ("proof" is a kind of...):

impression; printing (all the copies of a work printed at one time)

Domain category:

printing; printing process (reproduction by applying ink to paper as for publication)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "proof"):

galley proof (a proof taken before the type is broken up to print pages)

foundry proof (a proof taken from a form before duplicate plates are made)

Derivation:

proof (read for errors)

proof (make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset)

Sense 5

Meaning:

A formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it

Classified under:

Nouns denoting communicative processes and contents

Hypernyms ("proof" is a kind of...):

argument; statement (a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true)

Domain category:

logic (the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference)

math; mathematics; maths (a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "proof"):

demonstration; monstrance (proof by a process of argument or a series of proposition proving an asserted conclusion)

logical proof (proof of a logical theorem)

mathematical proof (proof of a mathematical theorem)

Sense 6

Meaning:

A measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Hypernyms ("proof" is a kind of...):

amount; measure; quantity (how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify)

 II. (adjective) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

(used in combination or as a suffix) able to withstand

Example:

childproof locks

Classified under:

Adjectives

Similar:

imperviable; impervious (not admitting of passage or capable of being affected)

 III. (verb) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Make resistant (to harm)

Example:

proof the materials against shrinking in the dryer

Classified under:

Verbs of size, temperature change, intensifying, etc.

Hypernyms (to "proof" is one way to...):

strengthen (gain strength)

Troponyms (each of the following is one way to "proof"):

bombproof (make safe against bombings)

bulletproof (make bulletproof)

child-proof; childproof (make safe against children)

foolproof; goof-proof; goofproof (proof against human misuse or error)

fireproof (make resistant to fire)

weatherproof (make resistant to bad weather)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Sense 2

Meaning:

Activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk

Example:

proof yeast

Classified under:

Verbs of size, temperature change, intensifying, etc.

Hypernyms (to "proof" is one way to...):

alter; change; modify (cause to change; make different; cause a transformation)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Sense 3

Meaning:

Read for errors

Example:

I should proofread my manuscripts

Synonyms:

proof; proofread

Classified under:

Verbs of thinking, judging, analyzing, doubting

Hypernyms (to "proof" is one way to...):

ascertain; assure; check; control; ensure; insure; see; see to it (be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something)

"Proof" entails doing...:

read (interpret something that is written or printed)

Sentence frames:

Somebody ----s
Somebody ----s something

Derivation:

proof ((printing) an impression made to check for errors)

Sense 4

Meaning:

Knead to reach proper lightness

Example:

proof dough

Classified under:

Verbs of touching, hitting, tying, digging

Hypernyms (to "proof" is one way to...):

knead; work (make uniform)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Sense 5

Meaning:

Make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset

Classified under:

Verbs of sewing, baking, painting, performing

Hypernyms (to "proof" is one way to...):

create; make; produce (create or manufacture a man-made product)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Derivation:

proof (a trial photographic print from a negative)

proof ((printing) an impression made to check for errors)

Credits

 Context examples: 

You must pardon me if I regard any interruption in your correspondence as a proof that your other duties are equally neglected.

(Frankenstein, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley)

Other studies have not found proof that EMF exposure causes other childhood cancers.

(Electromagnetic Fields, NIH: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences)

My word is proof to those who know me.

(Rodney Stone, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

These goods which you sell are not to be seen, nor is there any proof that you hold them.

(The White Company, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

Other than proof that there was a significant amount of water once in Gale Crater, what these new findings mean for the region is still up for debate.

(Curiosity Mars Rover Finds a Clay Cache, NASA)

This study focused on Rosi as a proof of concept.

(Nanoparticles target, transform fat tissue, NIH)

Here was a proof of it.

(Martin Eden, by Jack London)

In the coming year, expressing your thoughts and ideas will become a huge focus for you, and it will not be long until you see proof of this.

(AstrologyZone.com, by Susan Miller)

If you desire further proof, you may see the wound which your people gave me when they followed me.

(Fairy Tales, by The Brothers Grimm)

"That is proof that he is sharp," remarked the Lion.

(The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum)