Protein Kinase A

Definition 1

Most cellular effects of cAMP are mediated through PKA by serine or threonine phosphorylation of target proteins. Human Protein Kinase A (cAMP Ser/Thr Protein Kinase Family) is an inactive tetrameric cytoplasmic holoenzyme composed of homo- or heterodimeric regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes dissociation of inactive holoenzyme into a cAMP-bound dimer of regulatory subunits and two free monomeric catalytic subunits that phosphorylate many cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates. In human, regulatory PRKAR1A, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2A, and PRKAR2B subunits and catalytic PRKACA, PRKACB, and PRKACG subunits have been identified. (NCI Thesaurus)

Definition 2

nonEC; enzyme is stimulated by intracellular cyclic AMP, and therefore links that important second messenger system to the equally important protein phosphorylation cascade for transducing biological signals. (NIH CRISP Thesaurus)

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