10. Puṇṇamasuttaṃ

82. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe pannarase puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto ajjhokāse nisinno hoti.

Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘puccheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ kiñcideva ² desaṃ, sace me bhagavā okāsaṃ karoti pañhassa veyyākaraṇāyā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sake āsane nisīditvā puccha yadākaṅkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā sake āsane nisīditvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ime nu kho, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho’’ti.

‘‘Ime kho pana, bhikkhu, pañcupādānakkhandhā; seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –

‘‘Ime kho pana, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhā kiṃmūlakā’’ti? ‘‘Ime kho, bhikkhu, pañcupādānakkhandhā chandamūlakā’’ti…pe… taññeva nu kho, bhante, upādānaṃ te pañcupādānakkhandhā udāhu aññatra pañcahi upādānakkhandhehi upādānanti? ‘‘Na kho, bhikkhu, taññeva upādānaṃ te pañcupādānakkhandhā nāpi aññatra pañcahi upādānakkhandhehi upādānaṃ, api ca yo tattha chandarāgo taṃ tattha upādāna’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –

‘‘Siyā pana, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhesu chandarāgavemattatā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘idha, bhikkhu, ekaccassa evaṃ hoti – ‘evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃvedano siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsañño siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ , evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, siyā pañcupādānakkhandhesu chandarāgavemattatā’’ti? ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –

‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, khandhānaṃ khandhādhivacana’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, ayaṃ vuccati rūpakkhandho. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā … ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, ayaṃ vuccati viññāṇakkhandho. Ettāvatā kho, bhikkhu, khandhānaṃ khandhādhivacana’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –

‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo rūpakkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo vedanākkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo saññākkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo saṅkhārakkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo viññāṇakkhandhassa paññāpanāyā’’ti? ‘‘Cattāro kho, bhikkhu, mahābhūtā hetu, cattāro mahābhūtā paccayo rūpakkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Phasso hetu phasso paccayo vedanākkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Phasso hetu phasso paccayo saññākkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Phasso hetu , phasso paccayo saṅkhārakkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Nāmarūpaṃ hetu, nāmarūpaṃ paccayo viññāṇakkhandhassa paññāpanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –

‘‘Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, sakkāyadiṭṭhi hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ… attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sakkāyadiṭṭhi hotī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –

‘‘Kathaṃ pana, bhante, sakkāyadiṭṭhi na hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sakkāyadiṭṭhi na hotī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu , bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –

‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, rūpassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ; ko vedanāya… ko saññāya… ko saṅkhārānaṃ… ko viññāṇassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇa’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ rūpassa assādo. Yaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ – ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavo. Yo rūpasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca… yaṃ saññaṃ paṭicca… ye saṅkhāre paṭicca… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ viññāṇassa assādo. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ – ayaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavo. Yo viññāṇasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇa’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –

‘‘Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato, kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti.

Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘iti kira bho rūpaṃ anattā, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; anattakatāni kammāni kathamattānaṃ ⁴ phusissantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno cetasā ceto parivitakkamaññāya bhikkhū āmantesi –

‘‘Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco moghapuriso avidvā avijjāgato taṇhādhipateyyena cetasā satthusāsanaṃ atidhāvitabbaṃ maññeyya. Iti kira, bho, rūpaṃ anattā, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Anattakatāni kammāni kathamattānaṃ phusissantīti? Paṭipucchāvinītā kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, tatra tatra tesu tesu dhammesu.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti ? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti.

‘‘Dve khandhā taññeva siyaṃ, adhivacanañca hetunā;

Sakkāyena duve vuttā, assādaviññāṇakena ca;

Ete dasavidhā vuttā, hoti bhikkhu pucchāyā’’ti. dasamaṃ;

Khajjanīyavaggo aṭṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Assādo dve samudayā, arahantehi apare dve;

Sīho khajjanī piṇḍolyaṃ, pālileyyena puṇṇamāti.