8. Rūpiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

583-584. Rūpiyasikkhāpade pana satthuvaṇṇoti satthunā samānavaṇṇo. Satthuno vaṇṇo satthuvaṇṇo, satthuvaṇṇo viya vaṇṇo assāti satthuvaṇṇoti majjhapadalopīsamāso daṭṭhabbo. Pākatiko nāma etarahi pakatikahāpaṇo. Rukkhaphalabījamayoti tintiṇikādirukkhānaṃ phalabījena kato. Iccetaṃ sabbampīti yathāvuttabhedaṃ sabbampi catubbidhaṃ nissaggiyavatthu hotīti sambandho. Jātarūpamāsakoti suvaṇṇakahāpaṇo.

Gaṇheyyāti attano atthāya dīyamānaṃ vā katthaci ṭhitaṃ vā nippariggahaṃ disvā sayaṃ gaṇheyya. ‘‘Idaṃ ayyassa hotū’’ti evaṃ sammukhā vā ‘‘asukasmiṃ nāma ṭhāne mama hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ atthi, taṃ tuyhaṃ hotū’’ti evaṃ parammukhā ṭhitaṃ vā kevalaṃ vācāya vā hatthamuddāya vā ‘‘tuyha’’nti vatvā pariccattassa kāyavācāhi appaṭikkhipitvā cittena sādiyanaṃ upanikkhittasādiyanaṃ nāma. ‘‘Sādiyatī’’ti vuttamevatthaṃ vibhāveti ‘‘gaṇhitukāmo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ guttaṭṭhāna’’nti ācikkhitabbanti paccayaparibhogaṃyeva sandhāya ācikkhitabbaṃ. ‘‘Idha nikkhipāhī’’ti vutte ‘‘uggaṇhāpeyya vā’’ti vuttalakkhaṇena nissaggiyaṃ hotīti āha – ‘‘idha nikkhipāhīti na vattabba’’nti. Parato ‘‘imaṃ gaṇhā’’ti na vattabbanti etthāpi eseva nayo. Kappiyañca akappiyañca nissāya ṭhitameva hotīti yasmā tato uppannapaccayaparibhogo kappati, tasmā kappiyaṃ nissāya ṭhitaṃ. Yasmā pana dubbicāraṇāya tato uppannapaccayaparibhogopi na kappati, tasmā akappiyaṃ nissāya ṭhitanti veditabbaṃ.

Na tena kiñci kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ cetāpitanti ettha cetāpitaṃ ce, natthi paribhogupāyo, tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Akappiyañhi nissaggiyaṃ vatthuṃ uggaṇhitvā taṃ anissajjitvāva cetāpitaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ saṅghassa nissaṭṭhampi sabbesaṃ na kappati. Keci pana ‘‘yasmā nissaggiyaṃ vatthuṃ paṭiggahetvā cetāpitaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ saṅghassa nissajjāmīti nissaṭṭhaṃ vināva upāyaṃ paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, tasmā ‘na tena kiñci kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ cetāpita’nti vutta’’nti vadanti. ‘‘Ārāmikānaṃ vā pattabhāganti idaṃ gihīnaṃ hatthagatopi soyeva bhāgoti katvā vuttaṃ. Sace pana tena aññaṃ parivattetvā ārāmikā denti, paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti majjhimagaṇṭhipade cūḷagaṇṭhipade ca vuttaṃ. Tato haritvāti aññesaṃ pattabhāgato haritvā. Kasiṇaparikammanti ālokakasiṇaparikammaṃ. Mañcapīṭhādīni vāti ettha ‘‘tato gahitamañcapīṭhādīni parivattetvā aññaṃ ce gahitaṃ, vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti. Chāyāpīti bhojanasālādīnaṃ chāyāpi. Paricchedātikkantāti gehaparicchedaṃ atikkantā, chāyāya gatagataṭṭhānaṃ gehaṃ nāma na hotīti adhippāyo. Maggenapīti ettha ‘‘sace añño maggo natthi, maggaṃ adhiṭṭhahitvā gantuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti. Kītāyāti tena vatthunā kītāya. Upanikkhepaṃ ṭhapetvā saṅgho paccaye paribhuñjatīti sace upāsako ‘‘atibahu etaṃ hiraññaṃ, idaṃ, bhante, ajjeva na vināsetabba’’nti vatvā sayaṃ upanikkhepaṃ ṭhapeti, aññena vā ṭhapāpeti, etaṃ upanikkhepaṃ ṭhapetvā tato udayaṃ paribhuñjanto saṅgho paccaye paribhuñjati, tena vatthunā gahitattā ‘‘akappiya’’nti vuttaṃ.

585.Patitokāsaṃ asamannāharantena pātetabbanti idaṃ nirapekkhabhāvadassanaparanti veditabbaṃ, tasmā patitaṭṭhāne ñātepissa gūthaṃ chaḍḍentassa viya nirapekkhabhāvoyevettha pamāṇanti veditabbaṃ. Asantasambhāvanāyāti attani avijjamānauttarimanussadhammārocanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Theyyaparibhogo nāma anarahassa paribhogo. Bhagavatā hi attano sāsane sīlavato paccayā anuññātā, na dussīlassa. Dāyakānampi sīlavato eva pariccāgo, na dussīlassa attano kārānaṃ mahapphalabhāvassa paccāsīsanato. Iti satthārā ananuññātattā dāyakehi ca apariccattattā dussīlassa paribhogo theyyaparibhogo. Iṇavasena paribhogo iṇaparibhogo, paṭiggāhakato dakkhiṇāvisuddhiyā abhāvato iṇaṃ gahetvā paribhogo viyāti attho. Tasmāti ‘‘sīlavato’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati. Cīvaraṃ paribhoge paribhogeti kāyato mocetvā mocetvā paribhoge. Purebhatta…pe… pacchimayāmesu paccavekkhitabbanti sambandho. Tathā asakkontena yathāvuttakālavisesavasena ekasmiṃ divase catukkhattuṃ tikkhattuṃ dvikkhattuṃ sakiṃyeva vā paccavekkhitabbaṃ.

Sacassaapaccavekkhatova aruṇo uggacchati, iṇaparibhogaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhatīti ettha ‘‘hiyyo yaṃ mayā cīvaraṃ paribhuttaṃ, taṃ yāvadeva sītassa paṭighātāya…pe… hirikopīnappaṭicchādanatthaṃ, hiyyo yo mayā piṇḍapāto paribhutto, so neva davāyātiādinā sace atītaparibhogapaccavekkhaṇaṃ na kareyya, iṇaparibhogaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhatī’’ti vadanti, vīmaṃsitabbaṃ. Senāsanampi paribhoge paribhogeti pavese pavese. Evaṃ pana asakkontena purebhattādīsu paccavekkhitabbaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva sakkā viññātunti idha visuṃ na vuttaṃ. Satipaccayatāti satiyā paccayabhāvo, paṭiggahaṇassa paribhogassa ca paccavekkhaṇasatiyā paccayabhāvo yujjati, paccavekkhitvāva paṭiggahetabbaṃ paribhuñjitabbañcāti attho. Tenevāha ‘‘satiṃ katvā’’tiādi. Evaṃ santepīti yadipi dvīsupi ṭhānesu paccavekkhaṇā yuttā, evaṃ santepi. Apare panāhu ‘‘satipaccayatāti satibhesajjaparibhogassa paccayabhāve paccayeti attho. Evaṃ santepīti paccaye satipī’’ti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ. Tathā hi paccayasannissitasīlaṃ paccavekkhaṇāya visujjhati, na paccayasabbhāvamattena.

Nanu ca ‘‘paribhoge karontassa anāpattī’’ti iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā paccayasannissitasīlassa pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlassa ca ko visesoti? Vuccate – purimesu tāva tīsu paccayesu viseso pākaṭoyeva, gilānapaccaye pana yathā vatiṃ katvā rukkhamūle gopite tassa phalānipi rakkhitāniyeva honti, evameva paccavekkhaṇāya paccayasannissitasīle rakkhite tappaṭibaddhaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlampi nipphannaṃ nāma hoti. Gilānapaccayaṃ apaccavekkhitvā paribhuñjantassa sīlaṃ bhijjamānaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlameva bhijjati, paccayasannissitasīlaṃ pana pacchābhattapurimayāmādīsu yāva aruṇuggamanā apaccavekkhantasseva bhijjati. Purebhattañhi apaccavekkhitvāpi gilānapaccayaṃ paribhuñjantassa anāpatti, idametesaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ.

Evaṃ paccayasannissitasīlassa visuddhiṃ dassetvā teneva pasaṅgena sabbāpi suddhiyo dassetuṃ ‘‘catubbidhā hi suddhī’’tiādimāha. Tattha sujjhati etāyāti suddhi, yathādhammaṃ desanāva suddhi desanāsuddhi. Vuṭṭhānassapi cettha desanāya eva saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Chinnamūlāpattīnaṃ pana abhikkhutāpaṭiññāva desanā. Adhiṭṭhānavisiṭṭho saṃvarova suddhi saṃvarasuddhi. Dhammena samena paccayānaṃ pariyeṭṭhi eva suddhi pariyeṭṭhisuddhi. Catūsu paccayesu vuttavidhinā paccavekkhaṇāva suddhi paccavekkhaṇasuddhi. Esa tāva suddhīsu samāsanayo. Suddhimantesu sīlesu desanā suddhi etassāti desanāsuddhi. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Na puna evaṃ karissāmīti ettha evanti saṃvarabhedaṃ sandhāyāha. Pahāyāti vajjetvā, akatvāti attho. Dātabbaṭṭhena dāyaṃ, taṃ ādiyantīti dāyādā, ananuññātesu sabbena sabbaṃ paribhogābhāvato anuññātesuyeva ca paribhogasabbhāvabhāvato bhikkhūhi paribhuñjitabbapaccayā bhagavato santakā. Dhammadāyādasuttañcettha sādhakanti –

‘‘Dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā. Atthi me tumhesu anukampā, ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā’’’ti (ma. ni. 1.29) –

Evaṃ pavattaṃ dhammadāyādasuttañca ettha etasmiṃ atthe sādhakaṃ.

Avītarāgānaṃ taṇhāparavasatāya paccayaparibhoge sāmibhāvo natthi, tadabhāvena vītarāgānaṃ tattha sāmibhāvo yathāruci paribhogasabbhāvato. Tathā hi te paṭikūlampi appaṭikūlākārena appaṭikūlampi paṭikūlākārena tadubhayampi vajjetvā ajjhupekkhanākārena paccaye paribhuñjanti, dāyakānañca manorathaṃ paripūrenti. Tenāha – ‘‘te hi taṇhāya dāsabyaṃ atītattā sāmino hutvā paribhuñjantī’’ti. Yo panāyaṃ sīlavato paccavekkhitaparibhogo, so iṇaparibhogassa paccanīkattā āṇaṇyaparibhogo nāma hoti. Yathā hi iṇāyiko attano ruciyā icchitadesaṃ gantuṃ na labhati, evaṃ iṇaparibhogayutto lokato nissarituṃ na labhatīti tappaṭipakkhattā sīlavato paccavekkhitaparibhogo āṇaṇyaparibhogoti vuccati, tasmā nippariyāyato catuparibhogavinimutto visuṃyevāyaṃ paribhogoti veditabbo. So idha visuṃ na vutto, dāyajjaparibhogeyeva vā saṅgahaṃ gacchatīti. Sīlavāpi hi imāya sikkhāya samannāgatattā sekkhotveva vuccati. Sabbesanti ariyānaṃ puthujjanānañca.

Kathaṃ puthujjanānaṃ ime paribhogā sambhavantīti? Upacāravasena. Yo hi puthujjanassapi sallekhappaṭipattiyaṃ ṭhitassa paccayagedhaṃ pahāya tattha anupalittena cittena paribhogo, so sāmiparibhogo viya hoti. Sīlavato pana paccavekkhitaparibhogo dāyajjaparibhogo viya hoti dāyakānaṃ manorathassa avirādhanato. Teneva vuttaṃ ‘‘dāyajjaparibhogeyeva vā saṅgahaṃ gacchatī’’ti. Kalyāṇaputhujjanassa paribhoge vattabbameva natthi tassa sekkhasaṅgahato. Sekkhasuttañhetassa atthassa sādhakaṃ.

Lajjinā saddhiṃ paribhogo nāma lajjissa santakaṃ gahetvā paribhogo. Alajjinā saddhinti etthāpi eseva nayo. Ādito paṭṭhāya hi alajjī nāma natthīti iminā diṭṭhadiṭṭhesuyeva āsaṅkā na kātabbāti dasseti. Attano bhārabhūtā saddhivihārikādayo. Sopi nivāretabboti yo passati, tena nivāretabbo. Yasmā alajjīparibhogo nāma lajjino vuccati, tasmā āpatti nāma natthi ubhinnampi alajjībhāvato, ‘‘alajjīparibhogo’’ti idaṃ nāmamattameva na labbhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Āpatti pana atthiyevāti vadantī’’ti tīsupi gaṇṭhipadesu vuttaṃ.

Adhammiyoti anesanādīhi uppanno. Dhammiyoti bhikkhācariyādīhi uppanno. Saṅghasseva detīti bhattaṃ aggahetvā attanā laddhasalākaṃyeva deti. Sace pana lajjī alajjiṃ paggaṇhāti…pe… antaradhāpetīti ettha kevalaṃ paggaṇhitukāmatāya evaṃ kātuṃ na vaṭṭati, dhammassa pana sāsanassa sotūnañca anuggahatthāya vaṭṭatīti veditabbaṃ. Purimanayena ‘‘so āpattiyā kāretabbo’’ti vuttattā imassa āpattiyevāti vadanti. Uddesaggahaṇādinā dhammassa paribhogo dhammaparibhogo. Dhammānuggahena gaṇhantassa āpattiyā abhāvepi thero tassa alajjibhāvaṃyeva sandhāya ‘‘pāpo kirāya’’ntiādimāha. Tassa pana santiketi mahārakkhitattherassa santike.

586.Rājorodhādayotiādi ‘‘idaṃ gaṇhissāmī’’ti cetanāmattasambhavato vuttaṃ. Assatiyā dinnanti ettha assatiyā dinnaṃ nāma apariccattaṃ hoti, tasmā dasante baddhakahāpaṇādi assatiyā dinnaṃ bhikkhunā vatthasaññāya paṭiggahitañca, tato neva rūpiyaṃ dinnaṃ, nāpi paṭiggahitañca hotīti ettha āpattidesanākiccaṃ natthi, taṃ pana dāyakānameva paṭidātabbaṃ. Tena akappiyavatthunā te ce dāyakā sappiādīni kiṇitvāna saṅghassa tassa ca bhikkhuno denti, sabbesaṃ kappati dāyakānaṃyeva santakattā. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana puññakāmehi pariccajitvā dinnameva sandhāya ‘‘puññakāmā…pe… rūpiye arūpiyasaññī rūpiyaṃ paṭiggaṇhātīti veditabbo’’ti vuttaṃ, tasmā pariccajitvā dinnaṃ vatthasaññāya gaṇhatopi nissaggiyameva. Tena yadi te dāyakā no āgantvā gaṇhanti, dāyake pucchitvā attano atthāya ce pariccattaṃ, saṅghe nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. Tava coḷakaṃ passāhīhi iminā gihisantakepi ‘‘idaṃ gaṇhathā’’tiādiakappiyavohārena vidhānaṃ bhikkhuno na kappatīti dīpeti. Ekaparicchedānīti kiriyākiriyabhāvato ekaparicchedāni. Jātarūparajatabhāvo, attuddesikatā, kahāpaṇādīsu aññatarabhāvoti imānettha tīṇi aṅgāni.

Rūpiyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.