Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Majjhima Nikāya, English translation

    मज्झिम निकाय १४१

    Majjhima Nikāya 141

    The Middle-Length Suttas Collection 141

    सच्चविभङ्गसुत्त

    Saccavibhaṅgasutta

    The Analysis of the Truths

    एवं मे सुतं—एकं समयं भगवा बाराणसियं विहरति इसिपतने मिगदाये। तत्र खो भगवा भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “भिक्खवो”ति।

    Evaṁ me sutaṁ—ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṁ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “bhikkhavo”ti.

    So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana. There the Buddha addressed the bhikkhus, “Bhikkhus!”

    “भदन्ते”ति ते भिक्खू भगवतो पच्चस्सोसुं। भगवा एतदवोच:

    “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ. Bhagavā etadavoca:

    “Venerable sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:

    “तथागतेन, भिक्खवे, अरहता सम्मासम्बुद्धेन बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं, यदिदं—चतुन्नं अरियसच्चानं आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं। कतमेसं चतुन्नं?

    “Tathāgatena, bhikkhave, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ, yadidaṁ—catunnaṁ ariyasaccānaṁ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ. Katamesaṁ catunnaṁ?

    “Near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana, the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha rolled forth the supreme Wheel of Dhamma. And that wheel cannot be rolled back by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world. It is the teaching, advocating, establishing, clarifying, analyzing, and revealing of the four noble truths. What four?

    दुक्खस्स अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं, दुक्खसमुदयस्स अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं, दुक्खनिरोधस्स अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं, दुक्खनिरोधगामिनिया पटिपदाय अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं।

    Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ.

    The noble truths of suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.

    तथागतेन, भिक्खवे, अरहता सम्मासम्बुद्धेन बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं, यदिदं—इमेसं चतुन्नं अरियसच्चानं आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं।

    Tathāgatena, bhikkhave, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ, yadidaṁ—imesaṁ catunnaṁ ariyasaccānaṁ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ.

    Near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana, the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha rolled forth the supreme Wheel of Dhamma. And that wheel cannot be rolled back by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world. It is the teaching, advocating, establishing, clarifying, analyzing, and revealing of the four noble truths.

    सेवथ, भिक्खवे, सारिपुत्तमोग्गल्लाने; भजथ, भिक्खवे, सारिपुत्तमोग्गल्लाने। पण्डिता भिक्खू अनुग्गाहका सब्रह्मचारीनं। सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, जनेता, एवं सारिपुत्तो; सेय्यथापि जातस्स आपादेता, एवं मोग्गल्लानो। सारिपुत्तो, भिक्खवे, सोतापत्तिफले विनेति, मोग्गल्लानो उत्तमत्थे। सारिपुत्तो, भिक्खवे, पहोति चत्तारि अरियसच्चानि वित्थारेन आचिक्खितुं देसेतुं पञ्ञापेतुं पट्ठपेतुं विवरितुं विभजितुं उत्तानीकातुन्”ति।

    Sevatha, bhikkhave, sāriputtamoggallāne; bhajatha, bhikkhave, sāriputtamoggallāne. Paṇḍitā bhikkhū anuggāhakā sabrahmacārīnaṁ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, janetā, evaṁ sāriputto; seyyathāpi jātassa āpādetā, evaṁ moggallāno. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, sotāpattiphale vineti, moggallāno uttamatthe. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, pahoti cattāri ariyasaccāni vitthārena ācikkhituṁ desetuṁ paññāpetuṁ paṭṭhapetuṁ vivarituṁ vibhajituṁ uttānīkātun”ti.

    Bhikkhus, you should cultivate friendship with Sāriputta and Moggallāna. You should associate with Sāriputta and Moggallāna. They’re astute, and they support their spiritual companions. Sāriputta is just like the mother who gives birth, while Moggallāna is like the one who raises the child. Sāriputta guides people to the fruit of stream-entry, Moggallāna to the highest goal. Sāriputta is able to explain, teach, assert, establish, clarify, analyze, and reveal the four noble truths in detail.”

    इदमवोच भगवा। इदं वत्वान सुगतो उट्ठायासना विहारं पाविसि।

    Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṁ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ pāvisi.

    That is what the Buddha said. When he had spoken, the Holy One got up from his seat and entered his dwelling.

    तत्र खो आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो अचिरपक्कन्तस्स भगवतो भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “आवुसो भिक्खवे”ति।

    Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto acirapakkantassa bhagavato bhikkhū āmantesi: “āvuso bhikkhave”ti.

    Then soon after the Buddha left, Venerable Sāriputta said to the bhikkhus, “Friends, bhikkhus!”

    “आवुसो”ति खो ते भिक्खू आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स पच्चस्सोसुं। आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो एतदवोच:

    “Āvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṁ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:

    “Friend,” they replied. Sāriputta said this:

    “तथागतेन, आवुसो, अरहता सम्मासम्बुद्धेन बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं, यदिदं—चतुन्नं अरियसच्चानं आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं। कतमेसं चतुन्नं?

    “Tathāgatena, āvuso, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ, yadidaṁ—catunnaṁ ariyasaccānaṁ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ. Katamesaṁ catunnaṁ?

    “Near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana, the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha rolled forth the supreme Wheel of Dhamma. And that wheel cannot be rolled back by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world. It is the teaching, advocating, establishing, clarifying, analyzing, and revealing of the four noble truths. What four?

    दुक्खस्स अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं, दुक्खसमुदयस्स अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं, दुक्खनिरोधस्स अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं, दुक्खनिरोधगामिनिया पटिपदाय अरियसच्चस्स आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मं।

    Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṁ.

    The noble truths of suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, दुक्खं अरियसच्चं? जातिपि दुक्खा, जरापि दुक्खा, मरणम्पि दुक्खं, सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासापि दुक्खा, यम्पिच्छं न लभति तम्पि दुक्खं; सङ्खित्तेन पञ्चुपादानक्खन्धा दुक्खा।

    Katamañcāvuso, dukkhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ? Jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, maraṇampi dukkhaṁ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsāpi dukkhā, yampicchaṁ na labhati tampi dukkhaṁ; saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.

    And what is the noble truth of suffering? Rebirth is suffering; old age is suffering; death is suffering; sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress are suffering; not getting what you wish for is suffering. In brief, the five grasping aggregates are suffering.

    कतमा चावुसो, जाति? या तेसं तेसं सत्तानं तम्हि तम्हि सत्तनिकाये जाति सञ्जाति ओक्कन्ति अभिनिब्बत्ति खन्धानं पातुभावो आयतनानं पटिलाभो, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘जातिऽ।

    Katamā cāvuso, jāti? Yā tesaṁ tesaṁ sattānaṁ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khandhānaṁ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṁ paṭilābho, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘jāti’.

    And what is rebirth? The rebirth, inception, conception, reincarnation, manifestation of the aggregates, and acquisition of the sense fields of the various sentient beings in the various orders of sentient beings. This is called rebirth.

    कतमा चावुसो, जरा? या तेसं तेसं सत्तानं तम्हि तम्हि सत्तनिकाये जरा जीरणता खण्डिच्चं पालिच्चं वलित्तचता आयुनो संहानि इन्द्रियानं परिपाको, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘जराऽ।

    Katamā cāvuso, jarā? Yā tesaṁ tesaṁ sattānaṁ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṁ pāliccaṁ valittacatā āyuno saṁhāni indriyānaṁ paripāko, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘jarā’.

    And what is old age? The old age, decrepitude, broken teeth, grey hair, wrinkly skin, diminished vitality, and failing faculties of the various sentient beings in the various orders of sentient beings. This is called old age.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, मरणं? या तेसं तेसं सत्तानं तम्हा तम्हा सत्तनिकाया चुति चवनता भेदो अन्तरधानं मच्चु मरणं कालङ्किरिया खन्धानं भेदो कळेवरस्स निक्खेपो जीवितिन्द्रियस्सुपच्छेदो, इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘मरणंऽ।

    Katamañcāvuso, maraṇaṁ? Yā tesaṁ tesaṁ sattānaṁ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṁ maccu maraṇaṁ kālaṅkiriyā khandhānaṁ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo jīvitindriyassupacchedo, idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘maraṇaṁ’.

    And what is death? The passing away, perishing, disintegration, demise, mortality, death, decease, breaking up of the aggregates, laying to rest of the corpse, and cutting off of the life faculty of the various sentient beings in the various orders of sentient beings. This is called death.

    कतमो चावुसो, सोको? यो खो, आवुसो, अञ्ञतरञ्ञतरेन ब्यसनेन समन्नागतस्स अञ्ञतरञ्ञतरेन दुक्खधम्मेन फुट्ठस्स सोको सोचना सोचितत्तं अन्तोसोको अन्तोपरिसोको, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सोकोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, soko? Yo kho, āvuso, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa soko socanā socitattaṁ antosoko antoparisoko, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘soko’.

    And what is sorrow? The sorrow, sorrowing, state of sorrow, inner sorrow, inner deep sorrow in someone who has undergone misfortune, who has experienced suffering. This is called sorrow.

    कतमो चावुसो, परिदेवो? यो खो, आवुसो, अञ्ञतरञ्ञतरेन ब्यसनेन समन्नागतस्स अञ्ञतरञ्ञतरेन दुक्खधम्मेन फुट्ठस्स आदेवो परिदेवो आदेवना परिदेवना आदेवितत्तं परिदेवितत्तं, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘परिदेवोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, paridevo? Yo kho, āvuso, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa ādevo paridevo ādevanā paridevanā ādevitattaṁ paridevitattaṁ, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘paridevo’.

    And what is lamentation? The wail, lament, wailing, lamenting, state of wailing and lamentation in someone who has undergone misfortune, who has experienced suffering. This is called lamentation.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, दुक्खं? यं खो, आवुसो, कायिकं दुक्खं कायिकं असातं कायसम्फस्सजं दुक्खं असातं वेदयितं, इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘दुक्खंऽ।

    Katamañcāvuso, dukkhaṁ? Yaṁ kho, āvuso, kāyikaṁ dukkhaṁ kāyikaṁ asātaṁ kāyasamphassajaṁ dukkhaṁ asātaṁ vedayitaṁ, idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘dukkhaṁ’.

    And what is pain? Physical pain, physical unpleasantness, the painful, unpleasant feeling that’s born from physical contact. This is called pain.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, दोमनस्सं? यं खो, आवुसो, चेतसिकं दुक्खं चेतसिकं असातं मनोसम्फस्सजं दुक्खं असातं वेदयितं, इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘दोमनस्संऽ।

    Katamañcāvuso, domanassaṁ? Yaṁ kho, āvuso, cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ cetasikaṁ asātaṁ manosamphassajaṁ dukkhaṁ asātaṁ vedayitaṁ, idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘domanassaṁ’.

    And what is sadness? Mental pain, mental displeasure, the painful, unpleasant feeling that’s born from mind contact. This is called sadness.

    कतमो चावुसो, उपायासो? यो खो, आवुसो, अञ्ञतरञ्ञतरेन ब्यसनेन समन्नागतस्स अञ्ञतरञ्ञतरेन दुक्खधम्मेन फुट्ठस्स आयासो उपायासो आयासितत्तं उपायासितत्तं, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘उपायासोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, upāyāso? Yo kho, āvuso, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa āyāso upāyāso āyāsitattaṁ upāyāsitattaṁ, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘upāyāso’.

    And what is distress? The stress, distress, state of stress and distress in someone who has undergone misfortune, who has experienced suffering. This is called distress.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, यम्पिच्छं न लभति तम्पि दुक्खं? जातिधम्मानं, आवुसो, सत्तानं एवं इच्छा उप्पज्जति: ‘अहो वत मयं न जातिधम्मा अस्साम; न च वत नो जाति आगच्छेय्याऽति। न खो पनेतं इच्छाय पत्तब्बं। इदम्पि: ‘यम्पिच्छं न लभति तम्पि दुक्खंऽ। जराधम्मानं, आवुसो, सत्तानं …पे… ब्याधिधम्मानं, आवुसो, सत्तानं … मरणधम्मानं, आवुसो, सत्तानं … सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासधम्मानं, आवुसो, सत्तानं एवं इच्छा उप्पज्जति: ‘अहो वत मयं न सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासधम्मा अस्साम; न च वत नो सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा आगच्छेय्युन्ऽति। न खो पनेतं इच्छाय पत्तब्बं। इदम्पि: ‘यम्पिच्छं न लभति तम्पि दुक्खंऽ।

    Katamañcāvuso, yampicchaṁ na labhati tampi dukkhaṁ? Jātidhammānaṁ, āvuso, sattānaṁ evaṁ icchā uppajjati: ‘aho vata mayaṁ na jātidhammā assāma; na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṁ icchāya pattabbaṁ. Idampi: ‘yampicchaṁ na labhati tampi dukkhaṁ’. Jarādhammānaṁ, āvuso, sattānaṁ …pe… byādhidhammānaṁ, āvuso, sattānaṁ … maraṇadhammānaṁ, āvuso, sattānaṁ … sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammānaṁ, āvuso, sattānaṁ evaṁ icchā uppajjati: ‘aho vata mayaṁ na sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā assāma; na ca vata no sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā āgaccheyyun’ti. Na kho panetaṁ icchāya pattabbaṁ. Idampi: ‘yampicchaṁ na labhati tampi dukkhaṁ’.

    And what is ‘not getting what you wish for is suffering’? In sentient beings who are liable to be reborn, such a wish arises: ‘Oh, if only we were not liable to be reborn! If only rebirth would not come to us!’ But you can’t get that by wishing. This is: ‘not getting what you wish for is suffering.’ In sentient beings who are liable to grow old … fall ill … die … experience sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress, such a wish arises: ‘Oh, if only we were not liable to experience sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress! If only sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress would not come to us!’ But you can’t get that by wishing. This is: ‘not getting what you wish for is suffering.’

    कतमे चावुसो, सङ्खित्तेन पञ्चुपादानक्खन्धा दुक्खा? सेय्यथिदं—रूपुपादानक्खन्धो, वेदनुपादानक्खन्धो, सञ्ञुपादानक्खन्धो, सङ्खारुपादानक्खन्धो, विञ्ञाणुपादानक्खन्धो। इमे वुच्चन्तावुसो: ‘सङ्खित्तेन पञ्चुपादानक्खन्धा दुक्खाऽ। इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘दुक्खं अरियसच्चंऽ।

    Katame cāvuso, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā? Seyyathidaṁ—rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime vuccantāvuso: ‘saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā’. Idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘dukkhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ’.

    And what is ‘in brief, the five grasping aggregates are suffering’? They are the grasping aggregates that consist of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness. This is called ‘in brief, the five grasping aggregates are suffering.’ This is called the noble truth of suffering.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, दुक्खसमुदयं अरियसच्चं? यायं तण्हा पोनोब्भविका नन्दीरागसहगता तत्रतत्राभिनन्दिनी, सेय्यथिदं—कामतण्हा भवतण्हा विभवतण्हा, इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘दुक्खसमुदयं अरियसच्चंऽ।

    Katamañcāvuso, dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccaṁ? Yāyaṁ taṇhā ponobbhavikā1 nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṁ—kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā vibhavataṇhā, idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccaṁ’.

    And what is the noble truth of the origin of suffering? It’s the craving that leads to future lives, mixed up with relishing and greed, taking pleasure wherever it lands. That is, craving for sensual pleasures, craving to continue existence, and craving to end existence. This is called the noble truth of the origin of suffering.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्चं? यो तस्सायेव तण्हाय असेसविरागनिरोधो चागो पटिनिस्सग्गो मुत्ति अनालयो, इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्चंऽ।

    Katamañcāvuso, dukkhanirodhaṁ2 ariyasaccaṁ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo, idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ’.

    And what is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering? It’s the fading away and cessation of that very same craving with nothing left over; giving it away, letting it go, releasing it, and not clinging to it. This is called the noble truth of the cessation of suffering.

    कतमञ्चावुसो, दुक्खनिरोधगामिनी पटिपदा अरियसच्चं? अयमेव अरियो अट्ठङ्गिको मग्गो, सेय्यथिदं—सम्मादिट्ठि, सम्मासङ्कप्पो, सम्मावाचा, सम्माकम्मन्तो, सम्माआजीवो, सम्मावायामो, सम्मासति, सम्मासमाधि।

    Katamañcāvuso, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṁ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.

    And what is the noble truth of the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering? It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.

    कतमा चावुसो, सम्मादिट्ठि? यं खो, आवुसो, दुक्खे ञाणं, दुक्खसमुदये ञाणं, दुक्खनिरोधे ञाणं, दुक्खनिरोधगामिनिया पटिपदाय ञाणं, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्मादिट्ठिऽ।

    Katamā cāvuso, sammādiṭṭhi? Yaṁ kho, āvuso, dukkhe ñāṇaṁ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṁ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṁ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṁ, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammādiṭṭhi’.

    And what is right view? Knowing about suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering. This is called right view.

    कतमो चावुसो, सम्मासङ्कप्पो? नेक्खम्मसङ्कप्पो, अब्यापादसङ्कप्पो, अविहिंसासङ्कप्पो, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्मासङ्कप्पोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, sammāsaṅkappo? Nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo, avihiṁsāsaṅkappo, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammāsaṅkappo’.

    And what is right thought? Thoughts of renunciation, good will, and harmlessness. This is called right thought.

    कतमा चावुसो, सम्मावाचा? मुसावादा वेरमणी, पिसुणाय वाचाय वेरमणी, फरुसाय वाचाय वेरमणी, सम्फप्पलापा वेरमणी, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्मावाचाऽ।

    Katamā cāvuso, sammāvācā? Musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammāvācā’.

    And what is right speech? Refraining from lying, divisive speech, harsh speech, and talking nonsense. This is called right speech.

    कतमो चावुसो, सम्माकम्मन्तो? पाणातिपाता वेरमणी, अदिन्नादाना वेरमणी, कामेसुमिच्छाचारा वेरमणी, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्माकम्मन्तोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, sammākammanto? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammākammanto’.

    And what is right action? Refraining from killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct. This is called right action.

    कतमो चावुसो, सम्माआजीवो? इधावुसो, अरियसावको मिच्छाआजीवं पहाय सम्माआजीवेन जीविकं कप्पेति, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्माआजीवोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, sammāājīvo? Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṁ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṁ kappeti, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammāājīvo’.

    And what is right livelihood? It’s when a noble disciple gives up wrong livelihood and earns a living by right livelihood. This is called right livelihood.

    कतमो चावुसो, सम्मावायामो? इधावुसो, भिक्खु अनुप्पन्नानं पापकानं अकुसलानं धम्मानं अनुप्पादाय छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति, उप्पन्नानं पापकानं अकुसलानं धम्मानं पहानाय छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति, अनुप्पन्नानं कुसलानं धम्मानं उप्पादाय छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति, उप्पन्नानं कुसलानं धम्मानं ठितिया असम्मोसाय भिय्योभावाय वेपुल्लाय भावनाय पारिपूरिया छन्दं जनेति वायमति वीरियं आरभति चित्तं पग्गण्हाति पदहति, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्मावायामोऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, sammāvāyāmo? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ uppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammāvāyāmo’.

    And what is right effort? It’s when a bhikkhu generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are completed by development. This is called right effort.

    कतमा चावुसो, सम्मासति? इधावुसो, भिक्खु काये कायानुपस्सी विहरति आतापी सम्पजानो सतिमा विनेय्य लोके अभिज्झादोमनस्सं। वेदनासु वेदनानुपस्सी विहरति …पे… चित्ते चित्तानुपस्सी विहरति … धम्मेसु धम्मानुपस्सी विहरति आतापी सम्पजानो सतिमा विनेय्य लोके अभिज्झादोमनस्सं, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्मासतिऽ।

    Katamā cāvuso, sammāsati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati …pe… citte cittānupassī viharati … dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammāsati’.

    And what is right mindfulness? It’s when a bhikkhu meditates by observing an aspect of the body—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world. They meditate observing an aspect of feelings … mind … principles—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world. This is called right mindfulness.

    कतमो चावुसो, सम्मासमाधि? इधावुसो, भिक्खु विविच्चेव कामेहि विविच्च अकुसलेहि धम्मेहि सवितक्कं सविचारं विवेकजं पीतिसुखं पठमं झानं उपसम्पज्ज विहरति, वितक्कविचारानं वूपसमा अज्झत्तं सम्पसादनं चेतसो एकोदिभावं अवितक्कं अविचारं समाधिजं पीतिसुखं दुतियं झानं उपसम्पज्ज विहरति, पीतिया च विरागा उपेक्खको च विहरति …पे… ततियं झानं …पे… चतुत्थं झानं उपसम्पज्ज विहरति, अयं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘सम्मासमाधिऽ। इदं वुच्चतावुसो: ‘दुक्खनिरोधगामिनी पटिपदा अरियसच्चंऽ।

    Katamo cāvuso, sammāsamādhi? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati, vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ cetaso ekodibhāvaṁ avitakkaṁ avicāraṁ samādhijaṁ pītisukhaṁ dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati, pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati …pe… tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ …pe… catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati, ayaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘sammāsamādhi’. Idaṁ vuccatāvuso: ‘dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṁ’.

    And what is right immersion? It’s when a bhikkhu, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first jhāna, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected. As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second jhāna, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected. And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third jhāna, where they meditate with equanimity, mindful and aware, personally experiencing the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’ Giving up pleasure and pain, and ending former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth jhāna, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness. This is called right immersion. This is called the noble truth of the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.

    तथागतेनावुसो, अरहता सम्मासम्बुद्धेन बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिं, यदिदं—इमेसं चतुन्नं अरियसच्चानं आचिक्खना देसना पञ्ञापना पट्ठपना विवरणा विभजना उत्तानीकम्मन्”ति।

    Tathāgatenāvuso, arahatā sammāsambuddhena bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ, yadidaṁ—imesaṁ catunnaṁ ariyasaccānaṁ ācikkhanā desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkamman”ti.

    Near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana, the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha rolled forth the supreme Wheel of Dhamma. And that wheel cannot be rolled back by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world. It is the teaching, advocating, establishing, clarifying, analyzing, and revealing of the four noble truths.”

    इदमवोच आयस्मा सारिपुत्तो। अत्तमना ते भिक्खू आयस्मतो सारिपुत्तस्स भासितं अभिनन्दुन्ति।

    Idamavoca āyasmā sāriputto. Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.

    That’s what Venerable Sāriputta said. Satisfied, the bhikkhus approved what Sāriputta said.

    सच्चविभङ्गसुत्तं निट्ठितं एकादसमं।

    Saccavibhaṅgasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ ekādasamaṁ.





    The authoritative text of the Majjhima Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]




    Footnotes:
    1. ponobbhavikā → ponobhavikā (bj, pts1ed)
    2. dukkhanirodhaṁ → dukkhanirodho (bj, sya-all, km)

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