5. Sahaseyyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

49. Pañcamasikkhāpade – muṭṭhassatī asampajānāti pubbabhāge satisampajaññassa akaraṇavasenetaṃ vuttaṃ, bhavaṅgotiṇṇakāle pana kuto satisampajaññanti! Vikūjamānāti vippalapamānā . Kākacchamānāti nāsāya kākasaddaṃ viya niratthakasaddaṃ muñcamānā. Upāsakāti paṭhamataraṃ uṭṭhitaupāsakā.

50.Etadavocunti ‘‘bhagavatā āvuso rāhula sikkhāpadaṃ paññatta’’nti bhikkhū sikkhāpadagāraveneva etaṃ avocuṃ. Pakatiyā pana te bhagavati ca gāravena āyasmato ca rāhulassa sikkhākāmatāya tassa āyasmato vasanaṭṭhānaṃ āgatassa cūḷamañcakaṃ vā apassenaṃ vā yaṃ atthi taṃ paññapetvā cīvaraṃ vā uttarāsaṅgaṃ vā ussīsakaraṇatthāya denti . Tatridaṃ tassāyasmato sikkhākāmatāya – bhikkhū kira taṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ disvā muṭṭhisammuñjaniñca kacavarachaḍḍanakañca bahi khipanti. Athaññehi ‘‘āvuso kenidaṃ pātita’’nti vutte aññe evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘bhante, rāhulo imasmiṃ padese sañcari, tena nu kho pātita’’nti. So panāyasmā ‘‘na mayhaṃ bhante idaṃ kamma’’nti ekadivasampi avatvā taṃ paṭisāmetvā bhikkhū khamāpetvā gacchati. Vaccakuṭiyā seyyaṃ kappesīti taṃyeva sikkhākāmataṃ anubrūhanto dhammasenāpatimahāmoggallānaānandattherādīnaṃ santikaṃ agantvā bhagavato vaḷañjanakavaccakuṭiyaṃ seyyaṃ kappesi. Sā kira kuṭi kavāṭabaddhā gandhaparibhaṇḍakatā samosaritapupphadāmā cetiyaṭṭhānamiva tiṭṭhati, aparibhogā aññesaṃ.

51.Uttaridirattatirattanti bhagavā sāmaṇerānaṃ saṅgahakaraṇatthāya tirattaṃ parihāraṃ adāsi. Na hi yuttaṃ kuladārake pabbājetvā nānuggahetunti. Sahaseyyanti ekato seyyaṃ. Seyyāti kāyappasāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ sayanampi vuccati, yasmiṃ senāsane sayanti, tampi. Tattha senāsanaṃ tāva dassetuṃ ‘‘seyyā nāma sabbacchannā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Kāyappasāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ anupasampanne nipanne bhikkhu nipajjatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tasmā ayamettha attho – ‘‘senāsanasaṅkhātaṃ seyyaṃ pavisitvā kāyappasāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ seyyaṃ kappeyya vidaheyya sampādeyyā’’ti. Sabbacchannātiādinā pana tassā senāsanasaṅkhātāya seyyāya lakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasmā yaṃ senāsanaṃ upari pañcahi chadanehi aññena vā kenaci sabbameva paṭicchannaṃ, ayaṃ sabbacchannā nāma seyyā. Aṭṭhakathāsu pana pākaṭavohāraṃ gahetvā vācuggatavasena ‘‘sabbacchannā nāma pañcahi chadanehi channā’’ti vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi vuttaṃ? Atha kho dussakuṭiyaṃ vasantassāpi na sakkā anāpatti kātuṃ, tasmā yaṃ kiñci paṭicchādanasamatthaṃ idha chadanañca paricchannañca veditabbaṃ. Pañcavidhacchadaneyeva hi gayhamāne padaracchannepi sahaseyyā na bhaveyya. Yaṃ pana senāsanaṃ bhūmito paṭṭhāya yāva chadanaṃ āhacca pākārena vā aññena vā kenaci antamaso vatthenāpi parikkhittaṃ, ayaṃ sabbaparicchannā nāma seyyā. Chadanaṃ anāhacca sabbantimena pariyāyena diyaḍḍhahatthubbedhena pākārādinā parikkhittāpi sabbaparicchannāyevāti kurundaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Yassā pana upari bahutaraṃ ṭhānaṃ channaṃ, appaṃ acchannaṃ, samantato vā bahutaraṃ parikkhittaṃ, appaṃ aparikkhittaṃ, ayaṃ yebhuyyena channā yebhuyyena paricchannā nāma. Iminā hi lakkhaṇena samannāgato sacepi sattabhūmako pāsādo ekūpacāro hoti, satagabbhaṃ vā catussālaṃ vā, ekaseyyāicceva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘catutthe divase atthaṅgate sūriye anupasampanne nipanne bhikkhu nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassā’’tiādi.

Tattha ca nipajjanamatteneva pācittiyaṃ. Sace pana sambahulā sāmaṇerā, eko bhikkhu, sāmaṇeragaṇanāya pācittiyā. Te ce uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nipajjanti, tesaṃ payoge payoge bhikkhussa āpatti. Bhikkhussa uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nipajjane pana bhikkhusseva payogena bhikkhussa āpatti. Sace pana sambahulā bhikkhū eko sāmaṇero sabbesaṃ āpattiṃ karoti, tassa uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nipajjanenapi bhikkhūnaṃ āpattiyeva. Ubhayesaṃ sambahulabhāvepi eseva nayo.

Apicettha ekāvāsādikampi catukkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yo hi ekasmiṃ āvāse ekeneva anupasampannena saddhiṃ tirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassa catutthadivasato paṭṭhāya devasikā āpatti. Yopi ekasmiṃyeva āvāse nānāanupasampannehi saddhiṃ tirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassapi. Yopi nānāāvāsesu ekeneva anupasampannena saddhiṃ tirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassapi. Yopi nānāāvāsesu nānāanupasampannehi saddhiṃ yojanasatampi gantvā sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassapi catutthadivasato paṭṭhāya devasikā āpatti.

Ayañca sahaseyyāpatti nāma ‘‘bhikkhuṃ ṭhapetvā avaseso anupasampanno nāmā’’ti vacanato tiracchānagatenapi saddhiṃ hoti, tatra tiracchānagatassa paricchedo methunadhammāpattiyā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Tasmā sacepi godhābiḷālamaṅgusādīsu koci pavisitvā bhikkhuno vasanasenāsane ekūpacāraṭṭhāne sayati, sahaseyyāva hoti.

Yadi pana thambhānaṃ upari katapāsādassa uparimatalena saddhiṃ asambaddhabhittikassa bhittiyā upari ṭhitasusiratulāsīsassa susirena pavisitvā tulāya abbhantare sayitvā teneva susirena nikkhamitvā gacchati , heṭṭhāpāsāde sayitabhikkhussa anāpatti. Sace chadane chiddaṃ hoti, tena pavisitvā antochadane vasitvā teneva pakkamati, nānūpacāre uparimatale chadanabbhantare sayitassa āpatti, heṭṭhimatale sayitassa anāpatti. Sace antopāsādeneva ārohitvā sabbatalāni paribhuñjanti, ekūpacārāni honti, tesu yattha katthaci sayitassa āpatti.

Sabhāsaṅkhepena kate aḍḍhakuṭṭakasenāsane sayitassa vāḷasaṅghāṭādīsu kapotādayo pavisitvā sayanti, āpattiyeva. Parikkhepassa bahigate nibbakosabbhantare sayanti, anāpatti. Parimaṇḍalaṃ vā caturassaṃ vā ekacchadanāya gabbhamālāya satagabbhaṃ cepi senāsanaṃ hoti, tatra ce ekena sādhāraṇadvārena pavisitvā visuṃ pākārena aparicchinnagabbhūpacāre sabbagabbhe pavisanti, ekagabbhepi anupasampanne nipanne sabbagabbhesu nipannānaṃ āpatti. Sace sapamukhā gabbhā honti, pamukhassa upari acchannaṃ uccavatthukaṃ cepi hoti, pamukhe sayito gabbhe sayitānaṃ āpattiṃ na karoti. Sace pana gabbhacchadaneneva saddhiṃ sambaddhacchadanaṃ hoti, tatra sayito sabbesaṃ āpattiṃ karoti. Kasmā? Sabbacchannattā sabbaparicchannattā ca, gabbhaparikkhepoyeva hissa parikkhepoti. Eteneva hi nayena aṭṭhakathāsu lohapāsādaparikkhepassa catūsu dvārakoṭṭhakesu āpatti vuttā.

Yaṃ pana andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘aparikkhitte pamukhe anāpattīti bhūmiyaṃ vinā jagatiyā pamukhaṃ sandhāya kathina’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ andhakaraṭṭhe pāṭekkasannivesā ekacchadanā gabbhapāḷiyo sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yañca tattha ‘‘bhūmiyaṃ vinā jagatiyā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ neva aṭṭhakathāsu atthi; na pāḷiyā sameti. Dasahatthubbedhāpi hi jagati parikkhepasaṅkhyaṃ na gacchati. Tasmā yampi tattha dutiyasikkhāpade jagatiyā pamāṇaṃ vatvā ‘‘etaṃ ekūpacāraṃ paricchannaṃ nāma hotī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Yepi ekasāladvisālatisālacatussālasannivesā mahāpāsādā ekasmiṃ okāse pāde dhovitvā paviṭṭhena sakkā honti sabbattha anuparigantuṃ , tesupi sahaseyyāpattiyā na muccati. Sace tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne upacāraṃ paricchinditvā katā honti, ekūpacāraṭṭhāneyeva āpatti.

Dvīhi dvārehi yuttassa sudhāchadanamaṇḍapassa majjhe pākāraṃ karonti, ekena dvārena pavisitvā ekasmiṃ paricchede anupasampanno sayati, ekasmiṃ bhikkhu, anāpatti. Pākāre godhādīnaṃ pavisanamattampi chiddaṃ hoti, ekasmiñca paricchede godhā sayanti, anāpattiyeva. Na hi chiddena gehaṃ ekūpacāraṃ nāma hoti. Sace pākāramajjhe chinditvā dvāraṃ yojenti, ekūpacāratāya āpatti. Taṃ dvāraṃ kavāṭena pidahitvā sayanti, āpattiyeva. Na hi dvārapidahanena gehaṃ nānūpacāraṃ nāma hoti, dvāraṃ vā advāraṃ. Kavāṭañhi saṃvaraṇavivaraṇehi yathāsukhaṃ vaḷañjanatthāya kataṃ, na vaḷañjanūpacchedanatthāya. Sace pana taṃ dvāraṃ puna iṭṭhakāhi pidahanti, advāraṃ hoti, purime nānūpacārabhāveyeva tiṭṭhati. Dīghapamukhaṃ cetiyagharaṃ hoti. Ekaṃ kavāṭaṃ anto, ekaṃ bahi, dvinnaṃ kavāṭānaṃ antare anupasampanno antocetiyaghare sayantassa āpattiṃ karoti, ekūpacārattā.

Tatra yassa ‘‘siyā ayaṃ ekūpacāranānūpacāratā nāma udositasikkhāpade vuttā, idha pana ‘seyyā nāma sabbacchannā sabbaparicchannā yebhuyyena channā yebhuyyena paricchannā’ti ettakameva vuttaṃ, pihitadvāro ca gabbho sabbaparicchannova hoti. Tasmā tattha anto sayiteneva saddhiṃ āpatti, bahi sayitena anāpattī’’ti. So evaṃ vattabbo – ‘‘apihitadvāre pana kasmā bahi sayitena āpattī’’ti? Pamukhassa gabbhena saddhiṃ sabbacchannattā. ‘‘Kiṃ pana gabbhe pihite chadanaṃ viddhastaṃ hotī’’ti? Na viddhastaṃ, gabbhena saddhiṃ pamukhassa sabbaparicchannatā na hoti. ‘‘Kiṃ parikkhepo viddhasto’’ti? Addhā vakkhati ‘‘na viddhasto, kavāṭena upacāro paricchanno’’ti. Evaṃ dūrampi gantvā puna ekūpacāranānūpacārataṃyeva paccāgamissati.

Apica yadi byañjanamatteyeva attho suviññeyyo siyā, sabbacchannāti vacanato pañcannaṃ aññatarena chadanena channā eva seyyā siyā, na aññena. Evañca sati padaracchannādīsu anāpatti siyā. Tato yadatthaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, sveva attho parihāyeyya . Parihāyatu vā mā vā, kathaṃ avuttaṃ gahetabbanti; ko vā vadati ‘‘avuttaṃ gahetabba’’nti? Vuttañhetaṃ aniyatesu – ‘‘paṭicchannaṃ nāma āsanaṃ kuṭṭena vā kavāṭena vā kilañjena vā sāṇipākārena vā rukkhena vā thambhena vā koṭṭhalikāya vā yena kenaci paṭicchannaṃ hotī’’ti. Tasmā yathā tattha yena kenaci paṭicchannaṃ paṭicchannameva, evamidhāpi gahetabbaṃ. Tasmā senāsanaṃ khuddakaṃ vā hotu mahantaṃ vā aññena saddhiṃ sambaddhaṃ vā asambaddhaṃ vā dīghaṃ vā vaṭṭaṃ vā caturassaṃ vā ekabhūmakaṃ vā, anekabhūmakaṃ vā, yaṃ yaṃ ekūpacāraṃ sabbattha yena kenaci paṭicchādanena sabbacchanne sabbaparicchanne yebhuyyena vā channe yebhuyyena vā paricchanne sahaseyyāpatti hotīti.

53.Upaḍḍhacchanne upaḍḍhaparicchanne āpatti dukkaṭassāti ettha sabbacchanne upaḍḍhaparicchanneti evamādīsupi mahāpaccariyaṃ dukkaṭamevāti vuttaṃ. Mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘sabbacchanne yebhuyyenaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbacchanne upaḍḍhaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, yebhuyyenachanne upaḍḍhaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbaparicchanne yebhuyyenachanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbaparichanne upaḍḍhacchanne pācittiyaṃ, yebhuyyenaparicchanne upaḍḍhacchanne pācittiyaṃ, pāḷiyaṃ vuttapācittiyena saddhiṃ satta pācittiyānī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Sabbacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, yebhuyyenachanne cūḷakaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, sabbaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne dukkaṭaṃ, yebhuyyenaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne dukkaṭaṃ, pāḷiyaṃ dukkaṭena saha pañca dukkaṭānī’’ti vuttaṃ.

‘‘Upaḍḍhacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne anāpatti, upaḍḍhaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne anāpatti, cūḷakacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne anāpatti, sabbacchanne sabbaaparicchanneti ca ettha senambamaṇḍapavaṇṇaṃ hotī’’ti vuttaṃ. Imināpetaṃ veditabbaṃ – ‘‘yathā jagati parikkhepasaṅkhaya na gacchatī’’ti. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva.

Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānaṃ – kāyato ca kāyacittato ca samuṭṭhāti, kiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, ticittaṃ, tivedananti.

Sahaseyyasikkhāpadaṃ pañcamaṃ.