11. Pañcasatikakkhandhakaṃ

1. Saṅgītinidānaṃ

437. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘ekamidāhaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ pāvāya kusināraṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdiṃ.

² ‘‘Tena kho pana samayena aññataro ājīvako kusinārāya mandāravapupphaṃ gahetvā pāvaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti. Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, taṃ ājīvakaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna taṃ ājīvakaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘apāvuso, amhākaṃ satthāraṃ jānāsī’ti? ‘Āmāvuso, jānāmi. Ajja sattāhaparinibbuto samaṇo gotamo. Tato me idaṃ mandāravapupphaṃ gahita’nti. Tatrāvuso, ye te bhikkhū avītarāgā appekacce bāhā paggayha kandanti, chinnapātaṃ papatanti, āvaṭṭanti, vivaṭṭanti – atikhippaṃ bhagavā parinibbuto, atikhippaṃ sugato parinibbuto, atikhippaṃ cakkhuṃ loke antarahitanti. Ye pana te bhikkhū vītarāgā te satā sampajānā adhivāsenti – aniccā saṅkhārā, taṃ kutettha labbhāti.

‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, te bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – ‘alaṃ, āvuso, mā socittha; mā paridevittha. Nanvetaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā paṭikacceva akkhātaṃ – sabbeheva piyehi manāpehi nānābhāvo vinābhāvo aññathābhāvo. Taṃ kutettha āvuso labbhā, yaṃ taṃ jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ palokadhammaṃ, taṃ vata mā palujjīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’ti.

‘‘Tena kho panāvuso, samayena subhaddo nāma vuḍḍhapabbajito tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti . Atha kho, āvuso, subhaddo vuḍḍhapabbajito te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, āvuso, mā socittha; mā paridevittha. Sumuttā mayaṃ tena mahāsamaṇena ; upaddutā ca mayaṃ homa – idaṃ vo kappati, idaṃ vo na kappatīti. Idāni pana mayaṃ yaṃ icchissāma taṃ karissāma, yaṃ na icchissāma na taṃ karissāmā’ti. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyāma. Pure adhammo dippati ⁴, dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; pure avinayo dippati vinayo paṭibāhiyyati; pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti; pure avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī’’ti.

‘‘Tena hi, bhante, thero bhikkhū uccinatū’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo ekenūnapañcaarahantasatāni uccini. Bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, āyasmā ānando kiñcāpi sekkho, abhabbo chandā dosā mohā bhayā agatiṃ gantuṃ. Bahu ca anena bhagavato santike dhammo ca vinayo ca pariyatto. Tena hi, bhante, thero āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccinatū’’ti . Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccini.

Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kattha nu kho mayaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāmā’’ti? Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘rājagahaṃ kho mahāgocaraṃ pahūtasenāsanaṃ, yaṃnūna mayaṃ rājagahe vassaṃ vasantā dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāma. Na aññe bhikkhū rājagahe vassaṃ upagaccheyyu’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

438. ‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni sammanneyya – rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Esā ñatti.

‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni sammannati – rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Yassāyasmato khamati imesaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ sammuti – rājagahe vassaṃ vasantānaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti – so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

‘‘Sammatāni saṅghena imāni pañca bhikkhusatāni rājagahe vassaṃ vasantāni dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ, na aññehi bhikkhūhi rājagahe vassaṃ vasitabbanti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.

Atha kho therā bhikkhū rājagahaṃ agamaṃsu dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyituṃ. Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘bhagavatā kho, āvuso, khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ vaṇṇitaṃ. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ khaṇḍaphullaṃ paṭisaṅkharoma; majjhimaṃ māsaṃ sannipatitvā dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyissāmā’’ti.

Atha kho therā bhikkhū paṭhamaṃ māsaṃ khaṇḍaphullaṃ paṭisaṅkhariṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā ānando – sve sannipāto ⁶ na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ, yohaṃ sekkho samāno sannipātaṃ gaccheyyanti – bahudeva rattiṃ kāyagatāya satiyā vītināmetvā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ ‘nipajjissāmī’ti kāyaṃ āvajjesi. Appattañca sīsaṃ bibbohanaṃ, bhūmito ca pādā muttā. Etasmiṃ antare anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucci.

439. Atha kho āyasmā ānando arahā samāno sannipātaṃ agamāsi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ upāliṃ vinayaṃ puccheyya’’nti.

Āyasmā upāli saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ, āvuso upāli , pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta’’nti? ‘‘Vesāliyaṃ bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti? ‘‘Sudinnaṃ kalandaputtaṃ ārabbhā’’ti. ‘‘Kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti? ‘‘Methunadhamme’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ paṭhamassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. ‘‘Dutiyaṃ panāvuso upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta’’nti? ‘‘Rājagahe bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti? ‘‘Dhaniyaṃ kumbhakāraputtaṃ ārabbhā’’ti. ‘‘Kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti? ‘‘Adinnādāne’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ dutiyassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. ‘‘Tatiyaṃ panāvuso upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta’’nti? ‘‘Vesāliyaṃ bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti? ‘‘Sambahule bhikkhū ārabbhā’’ti. ‘‘Kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti? ‘‘Manussaviggahe’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ tatiyassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. ‘‘Catutthaṃ panāvuso upāli, pārājikaṃ kattha paññatta’’nti? ‘‘Vesāliyaṃ bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti? ‘‘Vaggumudātīriye bhikkhū ārabbhā’’ti. ‘‘Kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti? ‘‘Uttarimanussadhamme’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ catutthassa pārājikassa vatthumpi pucchi, nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi, paññattimpi pucchi, anupaññattimpi pucchi, āpattimpi pucchi, anāpattimpi pucchi. Eteneva upāyena ubhatovibhaṅge pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā upāli vissajjesi.

440. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ ānandaṃ dhammaṃ puccheyya’’nti.

Āyasmā ānando saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena dhammaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘brahmajālaṃ, āvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita’’nti? ‘‘Antarā ca, bhante, rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷandaṃ rājāgārake ambalaṭṭhikāyā’’ti. ‘‘Kaṃ ārabbhā’’ti? ‘‘Suppiyañca paribbājakaṃ brahmadattañca māṇava’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ brahmajālassa nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi. ‘‘Sāmaññaphalaṃ panāvuso ānanda, kattha bhāsita’’nti? ‘‘Rājagahe, bhante, jīvakambavane’’ti. ‘‘Kena saddhi’’nti? ‘‘Ajātasattunā vedehiputtena saddhi’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ sāmaññaphalassa nidānampi pucchi, puggalampi pucchi. Eteneva upāyena pañcapi nikāye pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā ānando vissajjesi.