| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Aṅguttara Nikāya, English translation |
अङ्गुत्तर निकाय ५।१५६
Aṅguttara Nikāya 5.156
Numbered Discourses 5.156
१६। सद्धम्मवग्ग
16. Saddhammavagga
16. The True Teaching
ततियसद्धम्मसम्मोससुत्त
Tatiyasaddhammasammosasutta
The Decline of the True Teaching (3rd)
“पञ्चिमे, भिक्खवे, धम्मा सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तन्ति। कतमे पञ्च?
“Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattanti. Katame pañca?
“Bhikkhus, these five things lead to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching. What five?
इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खू दुग्गहितं सुत्तन्तं परियापुणन्ति दुन्निक्खित्तेहि पदब्यञ्जनेहि। दुन्निक्खित्तस्स, भिक्खवे, पदब्यञ्जनस्स अत्थोपि दुन्नयो होति। अयं, भिक्खवे, पठमो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhū duggahitaṁ suttantaṁ pariyāpuṇanti dunnikkhittehi padabyañjanehi. Dunnikkhittassa, bhikkhave, padabyañjanassa atthopi dunnayo hoti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattati.
It’s when the bhikkhus memorize discourses that they learned incorrectly, with misplaced words and phrases. When the words and phrases are misplaced, the meaning is misinterpreted. This is the first thing that leads to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching.
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खू दुब्बचा होन्ति, दोवचस्सकरणेहि धम्मेहि समन्नागता, अक्खमा अप्पदक्खिणग्गाहिनो अनुसासनिं। अयं, भिक्खवे, दुतियो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dubbacā honti, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṁ. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dutiyo dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the bhikkhus are hard to admonish, having qualities that make them hard to admonish. They’re impatient, and don’t take instruction respectfully. This is the second thing …
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, ये ते भिक्खू बहुस्सुता आगतागमा धम्मधरा विनयधरा मातिकाधरा, ते न सक्कच्चं सुत्तन्तं परं वाचेन्ति; तेसं अच्चयेन छिन्नमूलको सुत्तन्तो होति अप्पटिसरणो। अयं, भिक्खवे, ततियो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te na sakkaccaṁ suttantaṁ paraṁ vācenti; tesaṁ accayena chinnamūlako suttanto hoti appaṭisaraṇo. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, tatiyo dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the bhikkhus who are very learned—inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines—don’t carefully make others recite the discourses. When they pass away, the discourses are cut off at the root, with no-one to preserve them. This is the third thing …
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, थेरा भिक्खू बाहुलिका होन्ति साथलिका ओक्कमने पुब्बङ्गमा पविवेके निक्खित्तधुरा, न वीरियं आरभन्ति अप्पत्तस्स पत्तिया अनधिगतस्स अधिगमाय असच्छिकतस्स सच्छिकिरियाय। तेसं पच्छिमा जनता दिट्ठानुगतिं आपज्जति। सापि होति बाहुलिका साथलिका ओक्कमने पुब्बङ्गमा पविवेके निक्खित्तधुरा, न वीरियं आरभति अप्पत्तस्स पत्तिया अनधिगतस्स अधिगमाय असच्छिकतस्स सच्छिकिरियाय। अयं, भिक्खवे, चतुत्थो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, therā bhikkhū bāhulikā honti sāthalikā okkamane pubbaṅgamā paviveke nikkhittadhurā, na vīriyaṁ ārabhanti appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Tesaṁ pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṁ āpajjati. Sāpi hoti bāhulikā sāthalikā okkamane pubbaṅgamā paviveke nikkhittadhurā, na vīriyaṁ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, catuttho dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the senior bhikkhus are indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting seclusion, not rousing energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized. Those who come after them follow their example. They too are indulgent and slack … This is the fourth thing …
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, सङ्घो भिन्नो होति। सङ्घे खो पन, भिक्खवे, भिन्ने अञ्ञमञ्ञं अक्कोसा च होन्ति, अञ्ञमञ्ञं परिभासा च होन्ति, अञ्ञमञ्ञं परिक्खेपा च होन्ति, अञ्ञमञ्ञं परिच्चजना च होन्ति। तत्थ अप्पसन्ना चेव नप्पसीदन्ति, पसन्नानञ्च एकच्चानं अञ्ञथत्तं होति। अयं, भिक्खवे, पञ्चमो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, saṅgho bhinno hoti. Saṅghe kho pana, bhikkhave, bhinne aññamaññaṁ akkosā ca honti, aññamaññaṁ paribhāsā ca honti, aññamaññaṁ parikkhepā ca honti, aññamaññaṁ pariccajanā1 ca honti. Tattha appasannā ceva nappasīdanti, pasannānañca ekaccānaṁ aññathattaṁ hoti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, pañcamo dhammo saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, there’s a schism in the Saṅgha. When the Saṅgha is split, they abuse, insult, block, and reject each other. This doesn’t inspire confidence in those without it, and it causes some with confidence to change their minds. This is the fifth thing that leads to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching.
इमे खो, भिक्खवे, पञ्च धम्मा सद्धम्मस्स सम्मोसाय अन्तरधानाय संवत्तन्ति।
Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṁvattanti.
These five things lead to the decline and disappearance of the true teaching.
पञ्चिमे, भिक्खवे, धम्मा सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तन्ति। कतमे पञ्च? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खू सुग्गहितं सुत्तन्तं परियापुणन्ति सुनिक्खित्तेहि पदब्यञ्जनेहि। सुनिक्खित्तस्स, भिक्खवे, पदब्यञ्जनस्स अत्थोपि सुनयो होति। अयं, भिक्खवे, पठमो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhū suggahitaṁ suttantaṁ pariyāpuṇanti sunikkhittehi padabyañjanehi. Sunikkhittassa, bhikkhave, padabyañjanassa atthopi sunayo hoti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo dhammo saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattati.
These five things lead to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching. What five? It’s when the bhikkhus memorize discourses that have been learned correctly, with well placed words and phrases. When the words and phrases are well organized, the meaning is correctly interpreted. This is the first thing that leads to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching.
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, भिक्खू सुवचा होन्ति सोवचस्सकरणेहि धम्मेहि समन्नागता, खमा पदक्खिणग्गाहिनो अनुसासनिं। अयं, भिक्खवे, दुतियो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhū suvacā honti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, khamā padakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṁ. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dutiyo dhammo saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the bhikkhus are easy to admonish, having qualities that make them easy to admonish. They’re patient, and take instruction respectfully. This is the second thing …
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, ये ते भिक्खू बहुस्सुता आगतागमा धम्मधरा विनयधरा मातिकाधरा, ते सक्कच्चं सुत्तन्तं परं वाचेन्ति; तेसं अच्चयेन न छिन्नमूलको सुत्तन्तो होति सप्पटिसरणो। अयं, भिक्खवे, ततियो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te sakkaccaṁ suttantaṁ paraṁ vācenti; tesaṁ accayena na chinnamūlako2 suttanto hoti sappaṭisaraṇo. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, tatiyo dhammo saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the bhikkhus who are very learned—inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines—carefully make others recite the discourses. When they pass away, the discourses aren’t cut off at the root, and they have someone to preserve them. This is the third thing …
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, थेरा भिक्खू न बाहुलिका होन्ति न साथलिका, ओक्कमने निक्खित्तधुरा पविवेके पुब्बङ्गमा; वीरियं आरभन्ति अप्पत्तस्स पत्तिया अनधिगतस्स अधिगमाय असच्छिकतस्स सच्छिकिरियाय। तेसं पच्छिमा जनता दिट्ठानुगतिं आपज्जति। सापि होति न बाहुलिका न साथलिका, ओक्कमने निक्खित्तधुरा पविवेके पुब्बङ्गमा, वीरियं आरभति अप्पत्तस्स पत्तिया अनधिगतस्स अधिगमाय असच्छिकतस्स सच्छिकिरियाय। अयं, भिक्खवे, चतुत्थो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, therā bhikkhū na bāhulikā honti na sāthalikā, okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā; vīriyaṁ ārabhanti appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Tesaṁ pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṁ āpajjati. Sāpi hoti na bāhulikā na sāthalikā, okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā, vīriyaṁ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, catuttho dhammo saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the senior bhikkhus are not indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting seclusion. They rouse energy for attaining the unattained, achieving the unachieved, and realizing the unrealized. Those who come after them follow their example. They too are not indulgent or slack … This is the fourth thing …
पुन चपरं, भिक्खवे, सङ्घो समग्गो सम्मोदमानो अविवदमानो एकुद्देसो फासुं विहरति। सङ्घे खो पन, भिक्खवे, समग्गे न चेव अञ्ञमञ्ञं अक्कोसा होन्ति, न च अञ्ञमञ्ञं परिभासा होन्ति, न च अञ्ञमञ्ञं परिक्खेपा होन्ति, न च अञ्ञमञ्ञं परिच्चजना होन्ति। तत्थ अप्पसन्ना चेव पसीदन्ति, पसन्नानञ्च भिय्योभावो होति। अयं, भिक्खवे, पञ्चमो धम्मो सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तति।
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, saṅgho samaggo sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsuṁ viharati. Saṅghe kho pana, bhikkhave, samagge na ceva aññamaññaṁ akkosā honti, na ca aññamaññaṁ paribhāsā honti, na ca aññamaññaṁ parikkhepā honti, na ca aññamaññaṁ pariccajanā honti. Tattha appasannā ceva pasīdanti, pasannānañca bhiyyobhāvo hoti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, pañcamo dhammo saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattati.
Furthermore, the Saṅgha lives comfortably, in harmony, appreciating each other, without quarreling, with one recitation. When the Saṅgha is in harmony, they don’t abuse, insult, block, or reject each other. This inspires confidence in those without it, and increases confidence in those who have it. This is the fifth thing that leads to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching.
इमे खो, भिक्खवे, पञ्च धम्मा सद्धम्मस्स ठितिया असम्मोसाय अनन्तरधानाय संवत्तन्ती”ति।
Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṁvattantī”ti.
These five things lead to the continuation, persistence, and enduring of the true teaching.”
छट्ठं।
Chaṭṭhaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Aṅguttara Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
