3. Ubhayatthasuttavaṇṇanā

23. Tatiye bhāvitoti uppādito ca vaḍḍhito ca. Bahulīkatoti punappunaṃ kato. Atthoti hitaṃ. Tañhi araṇīyato upagantabbato atthoti vuccati. Samadhigayha tiṭṭhatīti sammā pariggahetvā avijahitvā vattati. Diṭṭhadhammikanti diṭṭhadhammo vuccati paccakkhabhūto attabhāvo, diṭṭhadhamme bhavaṃ diṭṭhadhammikaṃ, idhalokapariyāpannanti attho. Samparāyikanti dhammavasena samparetabbato samparāyo, paraloko, samparāye bhavaṃ samparāyikaṃ, paralokapariyāpannanti vuttaṃ hoti.

Ko panesa diṭṭhadhammiko nāma attho, ko vā samparāyikoti? Saṅkhepena tāva yaṃ idhalokasukhaṃ, yañcetarahi idhalokasukhāvahaṃ, ayaṃ diṭṭhadhammiko attho. Seyyathidaṃ – gahaṭṭhānaṃ tāva idha yaṃ kiñci vittūpakaraṇaṃ, anākulakammantatā, ārogyasaṃvidhānaṃ, vatthuvisadakiriyāyogavihitāni sippāyatanavijjāṭṭhānāni saṅgahitaparijanatāti evamādi. Pabbajitānaṃ pana ye ime jīvitaparikkhārā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārā. Tesaṃ akicchalābho, tattha ca saṅkhāya paṭisevanā , saṅkhāya parivajjanā, vatthuvisadakiriyā, appicchatā, santuṭṭhi, paviveko, asaṃsaggoti evamādi. Patirūpadesavāsasappurisūpanissayasaddhammassavanayonisomanasikārādayo pana ubhayesaṃ sādhāraṇā ubhayānurūpā cāti veditabbā.

Appamādoti ettha appamādo pamādappaṭipakkhato veditabbo. Ko panesa pamādo nāma? Pamajjanākāro. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –

‘‘Tattha katamo pamādo? Kāyaduccarite vā vacīduccarite vā manoduccarite vā pañcasu vā kāmaguṇesu cittassa vossaggo vossaggānuppādanaṃ kusalānaṃ vā dhammānaṃ bhāvanāya asakkaccakiriyatā asātaccakiriyatā anaṭṭhitakiriyatā olīnavuttitā nikkhittachandatā nikkhittadhuratā anāsevanā abhāvanā abahulīkammaṃ anadhiṭṭhānaṃ ananuyogopamādo. Yo evarūpo pamādo pamajjanā pamajjitattaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati pamādo’’ti (vibha. 846).

Tasmā vuttappaṭipakkhato appamādo veditabbo. Atthato hi so satiyā avippavāso, niccaṃ upaṭṭhitassatiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Apare pana ‘‘satisampajaññayogena pavattā cattāro arūpino khandhā appamādo’’ti vadanti.

‘‘Bhāvito bahūlīkato’’ti vuttaṃ, kathaṃ panāyaṃ appamādo bhāvetabboti? Na appamādabhāvanā nāma visuṃ ekabhāvanā atthi. Yā hi kāci puññakiriyā kusalakiriyā, sabbā sā appamādabhāvanātveva veditabbā. Visesato pana vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ kāyikavācasikasaṃvarañca upādāya sabbā sīlabhāvanā, sabbā samādhibhāvanā, sabbā paññābhāvanā, sabbā kusalabhāvanā, anavajjabhāvanā, appamādabhāvanāti veditabbā. ‘‘Appamādo’’ti hi idaṃ mahantaṃ atthaṃ dīpeti, mahantaṃ atthaṃ pariggahetvā tiṭṭhati. Sakalampi tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ āharitvā appamādapadassa atthaṃ katvā kathento dhammakathiko ‘‘atitthena pakkhando’’ti na vattabbo. Kasmā? Appamādapadassa mahantabhāvato. Tathā hi sammāsambuddho kusinārāyaṃ yamakasālānamantare parinibbānasamaye nipanno abhisambodhito paṭṭhāya pañcacattālīsāya vassesu attanā bhāsitaṃ dhammaṃ ekena padena saṅgahetvā dassento – ‘‘appamādena sampādethā’’ti bhikkhūnaṃ ovādamadāsi. Tathā ca vuttaṃ –

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave , yāni kānici jaṅgalānaṃ pāṇānaṃ padajātāni, sabbāni tāni hatthipade samodhānaṃ gacchanti, hatthipadaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati yadidaṃ mahantaṭṭhena; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye keci kusalā dhammā, sabbete appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā, appamādo tesaṃ dhammānaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.300).

Gāthāsu appamādaṃ pasaṃsantīti dānādipuññakiriyāsu appamādaṃ appamajjanaṃ paṇḍitā sappaññā buddhādayo pasaṃsanti, vaṇṇenti thomenti. Kasmā? Yasmā appamatto ubho atthe adhigaṇhāti paṇḍito. Ke pana te ubho atthāti āha – ‘‘diṭṭhe dhamme ca yo attho, yo cattho samparāyiko’’ti, evamettha padayojanā veditabbā. Idhāpi diṭṭhe dhamme ca yo atthoti gahaṭṭhassa tāva ‘‘anavajjāni kammāni, anākulā ca kammantā’’tiādinā nayena vutto kasigorakkhādividhinā laddhabbo attho, pabbajitassa pana avippaṭisārādiattho veditabbo. Yo cattho samparāyikoti pana ubhayesampi dhammacariyāva vuttāti veditabbā. Atthābhisamayāti duvidhassapi atthassa hitassa paṭilābhā, laddhabbena samiti saṅgati samodhānanti samayo, lābho. Samayo eva abhisamayo, abhimukhabhāvena vā samayo abhisamayoti evamettha abhisamayo veditabbo. Dhitisampannattā dhīro. Tatiyena cettha attha-saddena paramatthassa nibbānassāpi saṅgaho veditabbo. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva. Iti imasmiṃ sutte vaṭṭasampatti eva kathitā. Gāthāyaṃ pana vivaṭṭassapi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –

‘‘Appamādo amatapadaṃ, pamādo maccuno padaṃ;

Appamattā na mīyanti, ye pamattā yathā matā.

‘‘Evaṃ visesato ñatvā, appamādamhi paṇḍitā;

Appamāde pamodanti, ariyānaṃ gocare ratā.

‘‘Te jhāyino sātatikā, niccaṃ daḷhaparakkamā;

Phusanti dhīrā nibbānaṃ, yogakkhemaṃ anuttara’’nti. (dha. pa. 21-23);

Tasmā ‘‘atthābhisamayā’’ti ettha lokuttaratthavasenapi attho veditabbo.

Tatiyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.