3. Upanisasuttavaṇṇanā

23. Tatiye ‘‘jānato aha’’ntiādīsu jānatoti jānantassa. Passatoti passantassa. Dvepi padāni ekatthāni, byañjanameva nānaṃ. Evaṃ santepi ‘‘jānato’’ti ñāṇalakkhaṇaṃ upādāya puggalaṃ niddisati. Jānanalakkhaṇañhi ñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Passato’’ti ñāṇappabhāvaṃ upādāya. Passanappabhāvañhi ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇasamaṅgīpuggalo cakkhumā viya cakkhunā rūpāni , ñāṇena vivaṭe dhamme passati. Āsavānaṃ khayanti ettha āsavānaṃ pahānaṃ asamuppādo khīṇākāro natthibhāvoti ayampi āsavakkhayoti vuccati, bhaṅgopi maggaphalanibbānānipi. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimutti’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.438; vibha. 831) hi khīṇākāro āsavakkhayoti vuccati. ‘‘Yo āsavānaṃ khayo vayo bhedo paribhedo aniccatā antaradhāna’’nti (vibha. 354) ettha bhaṅgo.

‘‘Sekkhassa sikkhamānassa, ujumaggānusārino;

Khayasmiṃ paṭhamaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tato aññā anantarā’’ti. (itivu. 62); –

Ettha maggo. So hi āsave khepento vūpasamento uppajjati, tasmā āsavānaṃ khayoti vutto. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotī’’ti ettha phalaṃ. Tañhi āsavānaṃ khīṇante uppajjati, tasmā āsavānaṃ khayoti vuttaṃ.

‘‘Āsavā tassa vaḍḍhanti, ārā so āsavakkhayā’’ti; (Dha. pa. 253) –

Ettha nibbānaṃ. Tañhi āgamma āsavā khīyanti, tasmā āsavānaṃ khayoti vuttaṃ. Idha pana maggaphalāni adhippetāni. No ajānato no apassatoti yo pana na jānāti na passati, tassa no vadāmīti attho. Etena ye ajānato apassatopi saṃsārādīhiyeva suddhiṃ vadanti, te paṭikkhittā honti. Purimena padadvayena upāyo vutto, iminā anupāyaṃ paṭisedheti.

Idāni yaṃ jānato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, taṃ dassetukāmo kiñca, bhikkhave, jānatoti pucchaṃ ārabhi. Tattha jānanā bahuvidhā. Dabbajātiko eva hi koci bhikkhu chattaṃ kātuṃ jānāti, koci cīvarādīnaṃ aññataraṃ, tassa īdisāni kammāni vattasīse ṭhatvā karontassa sā jānanā saggamaggaphalānaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ na hotīti na vattabbaṃ. Yo pana sāsane pabbajitvā vejjakammādīni kātuṃ jānāti, tassevaṃ jānato āsavā vaḍḍhantiyeva. Tasmā yaṃ jānato passato ca āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, tadeva dassento iti rūpantiādimāha. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānatoti evaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ jānantassa. Āsavānaṃ khayo hotīti āsavānaṃ khayante jātattā ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayo’’ti laddhanāmaṃ arahattaṃ hoti.

Evaṃ arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ niṭṭhapetvā idāni khīṇāsavassa āgamanīyaṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ dassetuṃ yampissa taṃ, bhikkhavetiādimāha. Tattha khayasmiṃ khayeñāṇanti āsavakkhayasaṅkhāte arahattaphale paṭiladdhe sati paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Tañhi arahattaphalasaṅkhāte khayasmiṃ paṭhamavāraṃ uppanne pacchā uppannattā khayeñāṇanti vuccati. Saupanisanti sakāraṇaṃ sappaccayaṃ. Vimuttīti arahattaphalavimutti. Sā hissa upanissayapaccayena paccayo hoti. Evaṃ ito paresupi labbhamānavasena paccayabhāvo veditabbo.

Virāgoti maggo. So hi kilese virājento khepento uppanno, tasmā virāgoti vuccati. Nibbidāti nibbidāñāṇaṃ. Etena balavavipassanaṃ dasseti. Balavavipassanāti bhayatūpaṭṭhāne ñāṇaṃ ādīnavānupassane ñāṇaṃ muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇanti catunnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassananti yathāsabhāvajānanasaṅkhātaṃ dassanaṃ. Etena taruṇavipassanaṃ dasseti. Taruṇavipassanā hi balavavipassanāya paccayo hoti. Taruṇavipassanāti saṅkhāraparicchede ñāṇaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇe ñāṇaṃ sammasane ñāṇaṃ maggāmagge ñāṇanti catunnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Samādhīti pādakajjhānasamādhi. So hi taruṇavipassanāya paccayo hoti. Sukhanti appanāya pubbabhāgasukhaṃ. Tañhi pādakajjhānassa paccayo hoti. Passaddhīti darathapaṭippassaddhi. Sā hi appanāpubbabhāgassa sukhassa paccayo hoti. Pītīti balavapīti. Sā hi darathapaṭippassaddhiyā paccayo hoti. Pāmojjanti dubbalapīti. Sā hi balavapītiyā paccayo hoti. Saddhāti aparāparaṃ uppajjanasaddhā. Sā hi dubbalapītiyā paccayo hoti. Dukkhanti vaṭṭadukkhaṃ. Tañhi aparāparasaddhāya paccayo hoti. Jātīti savikārā khandhajāti . Sā hi vaṭṭadukkhassa paccayo hoti. Bhavoti kammabhavo. (So hi savikārāya jātiyā paccayo hoti.) Etenupāyena sesapadānipi veditabbāni.

Thullaphusitaketi mahāphusitake. Pabbatakandarapadarasākhāti ettha kandaraṃ nāma ‘ka’ntiladdhanāmena udakena dārito udakabhinno pabbatapadeso, yo ‘‘nitambo’’tipi ‘‘nadīkuñcho’’tipi vuccati. Padaraṃ nāma aṭṭhamāse deve avassante phalito bhūmippadeso. Sākhāti kusumbhagāminiyo khuddakamātikāyo. Kusobbhāti khuddakaāvāṭā. Mahāsobbhāti mahāāvāṭā. Kunnadiyoti khuddakanadiyo. Mahānadiyoti gaṅgāyamunādikā mahāsaritā. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjūpanisā saṅkhārātiādīsu avijjā pabbatoti daṭṭhabbā. Abhisaṅkhārā meghoti, viññāṇādivaṭṭaṃ kandarādayoti, vimutti sāgaroti.

Yathā pabbatamatthake devo vassitvā pabbatakandarādīni pūrento anupubbena mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ pūreti, evaṃ avijjāpabbatamatthake tāva abhisaṅkhārameghassa vassanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Assutavā hi bālaputhujjano avijjāya aññāṇī hutvā taṇhāya abhilāsaṃ katvā kusalākusalakammaṃ āyūhati, taṃ kusalākusalakammaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇassa paccayo hoti, paṭisandhiviññāṇādīni nāmarūpādīnaṃ. Iti pabbatamatthake vuṭṭhadevassa kandarādayo pūretvā mahāsamuddaṃ āhacca ṭhitakālo viya avijjāpabbatamatthake vuṭṭhassa abhisaṅkhārameghassa paramparapaccayatāya anupubbena viññāṇādivaṭṭaṃ pūretvā ṭhitakālo. Buddhavacanaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ agahitampi ‘‘idha tathāgato loke uppajjati, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajatī’’ti imāya pāḷiyā vasena gahitamevāti veditabbaṃ. Yā hi tassa kulagehe nibbatti, sā kammabhavapaccayā savikārā jāti nāma. So buddhānaṃ vā buddhasāvakānaṃ vā sammukhībhāvaṃ āgamma vaṭṭadosadīpakaṃ lakkhaṇāhaṭaṃ dhammakathaṃ sutvā vaṭṭavasena pīḷito hoti, evamassa savikārā khandhajāti vaṭṭadukkhassa paccayo hoti. So vaṭṭadukkhena pīḷito aparāparaṃ saddhaṃ janetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, evamassa vaṭṭadukkhaṃ aparāparasaddhāya paccayo hoti. So pabbajjāmatteneva asantuṭṭho ūnapañcavassakāle nissayaṃ gahetvā vattapaṭipattiṃ pūrento dvemātikā paguṇaṃ katvā kammākammaṃ uggahetvā yāva arahattā nijjaṭaṃ katvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā araññe vasanto pathavīkasiṇādīsu kammaṃ ārabhati, tassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ nissāya dubbalapīti uppajjati. Tadassa saddhūpanisaṃ pāmojjaṃ, taṃ balavapītiyā paccayo hoti. Balavapīti darathapaṭippassaddhiyā, sā appanāpubbabhāgasukhassa, taṃ sukhaṃ pādakajjhānasamādhissa. So samādhinā cittakallataṃ janetvā taruṇavipassanāya kammaṃ karoti. Iccassa pādakajjhānasamādhi taruṇavipassanāya paccayo hoti, taruṇavipassanā balavavipassanāya, balavavipassanā maggassa, maggo phalavimuttiyā, phalavimutti paccavekkhaṇañāṇassāti . Evaṃ devassa anupubbena sāgaraṃ pūretvā ṭhitakālo viya khīṇāsavassa vimuttisāgaraṃ pūretvā ṭhitakālo veditabboti. Tatiyaṃ.