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༣. ཝིསཱཁཱསུཏྟཾ
3. Visākhāsuttaṃ
༤༣. 1 ཨེཀཾ སམཡཾ བྷགཝཱ སཱཝཏྠིཡཾ ཝིཧརཏི པུབྦཱརཱམེ མིགཱརམཱཏུཔཱསཱདེ། ཨཐ ཁོ ཝིསཱཁཱ མིགཱརམཱཏཱ ཡེན བྷགཝཱ ཏེནུཔསངྐམི; ཨུཔསངྐམིཏྭཱ བྷགཝནྟཾ ཨབྷིཝཱདེཏྭཱ ཨེཀམནྟཾ ནིསཱིདི། ཨེཀམནྟཾ ནིསིནྣཾ ཁོ ཝིསཱཁཾ མིགཱརམཱཏརཾ བྷགཝཱ ཨེཏདཝོཙ – ‘‘ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏོ ཁོ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཨུཔོསཐོ ཨུཔཝུཏྠོ མཧཔྥལོ ཧོཏི མཧཱནིསཾསོ མཧཱཛུཏིཀོ མཧཱཝིཔྥཱརོ། ཀཐཾ ཨུཔཝུཏྠོ ཙ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏོ ཨུཔོསཐོ མཧཔྥལོ ཧོཏི མཧཱནིསཾསོ མཧཱཛུཏིཀོ མཧཱཝིཔྥཱརོ? ཨིདྷ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཨརིཡསཱཝཀོ ཨིཏི པཊིསཉྩིཀྑཏི – ‘ཡཱཝཛཱིཝཾ ཨརཧནྟོ པཱཎཱཏིཔཱཏཾ པཧཱཡ པཱཎཱཏིཔཱཏཱ པཊིཝིརཏཱ ནིཧིཏདཎྜཱ ནིཧིཏསཏྠཱ ལཛྫཱི དཡཱཔནྣཱ, སབྦཔཱཎབྷཱུཏཧིཏཱནུཀམྤིནོ ཝིཧརནྟི། ཨཧཾ པཛྫ ཨིམཉྩ རཏྟིཾ ཨིམཉྩ དིཝསཾ པཱཎཱཏིཔཱཏཾ པཧཱཡ པཱཎཱཏིཔཱཏཱ པཊིཝིརཏོ ནིཧིཏདཎྜོ ནིཧིཏསཏྠོ ལཛྫཱི དཡཱཔནྣོ, སབྦཔཱཎབྷཱུཏཧིཏཱནུཀམྤཱི ཝིཧརཱམི། ཨིམིནཱཔངྒེན ཨརཧཏཾ ཨནུཀརོམི , ཨུཔོསཐོ ཙ མེ ཨུཔཝུཏྠོ བྷཝིསྶཏཱི’’’ཏི། ཨིམིནཱ པཋམེན ཨངྒེན སམནྣཱགཏོ ཧོཏི…པེ॰…།
43.2 Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho, visākhe, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, visākhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi , uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’’’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
‘‘‘ཡཱཝཛཱིཝཾ ཨརཧནྟོ ཨུཙྩཱསཡནམཧཱསཡནཾ པཧཱཡ ཨུཙྩཱསཡནམཧཱསཡནཱ པཊིཝིརཏཱ ནཱིཙསེཡྻཾ ཀཔྤེནྟི – མཉྩཀེ ཝཱ ཏིཎསནྠཱརཀེ ཝཱ། ཨཧཾ པཛྫ ཨིམཉྩ རཏྟིཾ ཨིམཉྩ དིཝསཾ ཨུཙྩཱསཡནམཧཱསཡནཾ པཧཱཡ ཨུཙྩཱསཡནམཧཱསཡནཱ པཊིཝིརཏོ ནཱིཙསེཡྻཾ ཀཔྤེམི – མཉྩཀེ ཝཱ ཏིཎསནྠཱརཀེ ཝཱ། ཨིམིནཱཔངྒེན ཨརཧཏཾ ཨནུཀརོམི, ཨུཔོསཐོ ཙ མེ ཨུཔཝུཏྠོ བྷཝིསྶཏཱི’ཏི། ཨིམིནཱ ཨཊྛམེན ཨངྒེན སམནྣཱགཏོ ཧོཏི། ཨེཝཾ ཨུཔཝུཏྠོ ཁོ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏོ ཨུཔོསཐོ མཧཔྥལོ ཧོཏི མཧཱནིསཾསོ མཧཱཛུཏིཀོ མཧཱཝིཔྥཱརོ།
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro.
‘‘ཀཱིཝམཧཔྥལོ ཧོཏི, ཀཱིཝམཧཱནིསཾསོ, ཀཱིཝམཧཱཛུཏིཀོ, ཀཱིཝམཧཱཝིཔྥཱརོ? སེཡྻཐཱཔི, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཡོ ཨིམེསཾ སོལ༹སནྣཾ མཧཱཛནཔདཱནཾ པཧཱུཏརཏྟརཏནཱནཾ ཨིསྶརིཡཱདྷིཔཙྩཾ རཛྫཾ ཀཱརེཡྻ, སེཡྻཐིདཾ – ཨངྒཱནཾ མགདྷཱནཾ ཀཱསཱིནཾ ཀོསལཱནཾ ཝཛྫཱིནཾ མལླཱནཾ ཙེཏཱིནཾ ཝངྒཱནཾ ཀུརཱུནཾ པཉྩཱལཱནཾ མཙྪཱནཾ སཱུརསེནཱནཾ ཨསྶཀཱནཾ ཨཝནྟཱིནཾ གནྡྷཱརཱནཾ ཀམྦོཛཱནཾ, ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏསྶ ཨུཔོསཐསྶ ཨེཏཾ ཀལཾ ནཱགྒྷཏི སོལ༹སིཾ། ཏཾ ཀིསྶ ཧེཏུ? ཀཔཎཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, མཱནུསཀཾ རཛྫཾ དིབྦཾ སུཁཾ ཨུཔནིདྷཱཡ།
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti, kīvamahānisaṃso, kīvamahājutiko, kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, visākhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
‘‘ཡཱནི, ཝིསཱཁེ, མཱནུསཀཱནི པཉྙཱས ཝསྶཱནི, ཙཱཏུམཧཱརཱཛིཀཱནཾ དེཝཱནཾ ཨེསོ ཨེཀོ རཏྟིནྡིཝོ། ཏཱཡ རཏྟིཡཱ ཏིཾསརཏྟིཡོ མཱསོ། ཏེན མཱསེན དྭཱདསམཱསིཡོ སཾཝཙྪརོ། ཏེན སཾཝཙྪརེན དིབྦཱནི པཉྩ ཝསྶསཏཱནི ཙཱཏུམཧཱརཱཛིཀཱནཾ དེཝཱནཾ ཨཱཡུཔྤམཱཎཾ། ཋཱནཾ ཁོ པནེཏཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཝིཛྫཏི ཡཾ ཨིདྷེཀཙྩོ ཨིཏྠཱི ཝཱ པུརིསོ ཝཱ ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏཾ ཨུཔོསཐཾ ཨུཔཝསིཏྭཱ ཀཱཡསྶ བྷེདཱ པརཾ མརཎཱ ཙཱཏུམཧཱརཱཛིཀཱནཾ དེཝཱནཾ སཧབྱཏཾ ཨུཔཔཛྫེཡྻ ། ཨིདཾ ཁོ པནེཏཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, སནྡྷཱཡ བྷཱསིཏཾ – ‘ཀཔཎཾ མཱནུསཀཾ རཛྫཾ དིབྦཾ སུཁཾ ཨུཔནིདྷཱཡ’’’།
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya . Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘ཡཾ , ཝིསཱཁེ, མཱནུསཀཾ ཝསྶསཏཾ, ཏཱཝཏིཾསཱནཾ དེཝཱནཾ ཨེསོ ཨེཀོ རཏྟིནྡིཝོ། ཏཱཡ རཏྟིཡཱ ཏིཾསརཏྟིཡོ མཱསོ། ཏེན མཱསེན དྭཱདསམཱསིཡོ སཾཝཙྪརོ། ཏེན སཾཝཙྪརེན ཝསྶསཧསྶཾ ཏཱཝཏིཾསཱནཾ དེཝཱནཾ ཨཱཡུཔྤམཱཎཾ། ཋཱནཾ ཁོ པནེཏཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཝིཛྫཏི ཡཾ ཨིདྷེཀཙྩོ ཨིཏྠཱི ཝཱ པུརིསོ ཝཱ ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏཾ ཨུཔོསཐཾ ཨུཔཝསིཏྭཱ ཀཱཡསྶ བྷེདཱ པརཾ མརཎཱ ཏཱཝཏིཾསཱནཾ དེཝཱནཾ སཧབྱཏཾ ཨུཔཔཛྫེཡྻ། ཨིདཾ ཁོ པནེཏཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, སནྡྷཱཡ བྷཱསིཏཾ – ‘ཀཔཎཾ མཱནུསཀཾ རཛྫཾ དིབྦཾ སུཁཾ ཨུཔནིདྷཱཡ’’’།
‘‘Yaṃ , visākhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘ཡཱནི, ཝིསཱཁེ, མཱནུསཀཱནི དྭེ ཝསྶསཏཱནི…པེ॰… ཙཏྟཱརི ཝསྶསཏཱནི…པེ॰… ཨཊྛ ཝསྶསཏཱནི…པེ॰… སོལ༹ས ཝསྶསཏཱནི པརནིམྨིཏཝསཝཏྟཱིནཾ དེཝཱནཾ ཨེསོ ཨེཀོ རཏྟིནྡིཝོ ། ཏཱཡ རཏྟིཡཱ ཏིཾསརཏྟིཡོ མཱསོ། ཏེན མཱསེན དྭཱདསམཱསིཡོ སཾཝཙྪརོ། ཏེན སཾཝཙྪརེན དིབྦཱནི སོལ༹ས ཝསྶསཧསྶཱནི པརནིམྨིཏཝསཝཏྟཱིནཾ དེཝཱནཾ ཨཱཡུཔྤམཱཎཾ། ཋཱནཾ ཁོ པནེཏཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, ཝིཛྫཏི ཡཾ ཨིདྷེཀཙྩོ ཨིཏྠཱི ཝཱ པུརིསོ ཝཱ ཨཊྛངྒསམནྣཱགཏཾ ཨུཔོསཐཾ ཨུཔཝསིཏྭཱ ཀཱཡསྶ བྷེདཱ པརཾ མརཎཱ པརནིམྨིཏཝསཝཏྟཱིནཾ དེཝཱནཾ སཧབྱཏཾ ཨུཔཔཛྫེཡྻ། ཨིདཾ ཁོ པནེཏཾ, ཝིསཱཁེ, སནྡྷཱཡ བྷཱསིཏཾ – ‘ཀཔཎཾ མཱནུསཀཾ རཛྫཾ དིབྦཾ སུཁཾ ཨུཔནིདྷཱཡཱ’’’ཏི།
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni…pe… cattāri vassasatāni…pe… aṭṭha vassasatāni…pe… soḷasa vassasatāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo . Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
‘‘པཱཎཾ ན ཧཉྙེ ན ཙདིནྣམཱདིཡེ,
‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye,
མུསཱ ན བྷཱསེ ན ཙ མཛྫཔོ སིཡཱ།
Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā;
ཨབྲཧྨཙརིཡཱ ཝིརམེཡྻ མེཐུནཱ,
Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā,
རཏྟིཾ ན བྷུཉྫེཡྻ ཝིཀཱལབྷོཛནཾ༎
Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ.
‘‘མཱལཾ ན དྷཱརེ ན ཙ གནྡྷམཱཙརེ,
‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare,
མཉྩེ ཚམཱཡཾ ཝ སཡེཐ སནྠཏེ།
Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate;
ཨེཏཉྷི ཨཊྛངྒིཀམཱཧུཔོསཐཾ,
Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ,
བུདྡྷེན དུཀྑནྟགུནཱ པཀཱསིཏཾ༎
Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ.
‘‘ཙནྡོ ཙ སུརིཡོ ཙ ཨུབྷོ སུདསྶནཱ,
‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā,
ཨོབྷཱསཡཾ ཨནུཔརིཡནྟི ཡཱཝཏཱ།
Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā;
ཏམོནུདཱ ཏེ པན ཨནྟལིཀྑགཱ,
Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā,
ནབྷེ པབྷཱསནྟི དིསཱཝིརོཙནཱ༎
Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā.
‘‘ཨེཏསྨིཾ ཡཾ ཝིཛྫཏི ཨནྟརེ དྷནཾ,
‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ,
མུཏྟཱ མཎི ཝེལུ༹རིཡཉྩ བྷདྡཀཾ།
Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ;
སིངྒཱིསུཝཎྞཾ ཨཐ ཝཱཔི ཀཉྩནཾ,
Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ,
ཡཾ ཛཱཏརཱུཔཾ ཧཊཀནྟི ཝུཙྩཏི༎
Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati.
‘‘ཨཊྛངྒུཔེཏསྶ ཨུཔོསཐསྶ,
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa,
ཀལམྤི ཏེ ནཱནུབྷཝནྟི སོལ༹སིཾ།
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
ཙནྡཔྤབྷཱ ཏཱརགཎཱ ཙ སབྦེ༎
Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe.
‘‘ཏསྨཱ ཧི ནཱརཱི ཙ ནརོ ཙ སཱིལཝཱ,
‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā,
ཨཊྛངྒུཔེཏཾ ཨུཔཝསྶུཔོསཐཾ།
Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ;
པུཉྙཱནི ཀཏྭཱན སུཁུདྲཡཱནི,
Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
ཨནིནྡིཏཱ སགྒམུཔེནྟི ཋཱན’’ནྟི༎ ཏཏིཡཾ།
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. tatiyaṃ;
Footnotes:
Related texts:
ཊཱིཀཱ • Tīkā / སུཏྟཔིཊཀ (ཊཱིཀཱ) • Suttapiṭaka (ṭīkā) / ཨངྒུཏྟརནིཀཱཡ (ཊཱིཀཱ) • Aṅguttaranikāya (ṭīkā) / ༡-༨. སཾཁིཏྟཱུཔོསཐསུཏྟཱདིཝཎྞནཱ • 1-8. Saṃkhittūposathasuttādivaṇṇanā