| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Saṁyutta Nikāya, English translation |
संयुत्त निकाय ५६।११
Saṁyutta Nikāya 56.11
The Related Suttas Collection 56.11
२। धम्मचक्कप्पवत्तनवग्ग
2. Dhammacakkappavattanavagga
2. Rolling Forth the Wheel of Dhamma
धम्मचक्कप्पवत्तनसुत्त
Dhammacakkappavattanasutta
Rolling Forth the Wheel of Dhamma
एकं समयं भगवा बाराणसियं विहरति इसिपतने मिगदाये। तत्र खो भगवा पञ्चवग्गिये भिक्खू आमन्तेसि:
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṁ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi:
At one time the Buddha was staying near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana. There the Buddha addressed the group of five bhikkhus:
“द्वेमे, भिक्खवे, अन्ता पब्बजितेन न सेवितब्बा। कतमे द्वे? यो चायं कामेसु कामसुखल्लिकानुयोगो हीनो गम्मो पोथुज्जनिको अनरियो अनत्थसंहितो, यो चायं अत्तकिलमथानुयोगो दुक्खो अनरियो अनत्थसंहितो। एते खो, भिक्खवे, उभो अन्ते अनुपगम्म मज्झिमा पटिपदा तथागतेन अभिसम्बुद्धा चक्खुकरणी ञाणकरणी उपसमाय अभिञ्ञाय सम्बोधाय निब्बानाय संवत्तति।
“Dveme, bhikkhave, antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā. Katame dve? Yo cāyaṁ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṁhito, yo cāyaṁ attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṁhito. Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṁvattati.
“Bhikkhus, these two extremes should not be cultivated by one who has gone forth. What two? Indulgence in sensual pleasures, which is low, crude, ordinary, ignoble, and pointless. And indulgence in self-mortification, which is painful, ignoble, and pointless. Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One woke up by understanding the middle way of practice, which gives vision and knowledge, and leads to peace, direct knowledge, awakening, and Nibbana.
कतमा च सा, भिक्खवे, मज्झिमा पटिपदा तथागतेन अभिसम्बुद्धा चक्खुकरणी ञाणकरणी उपसमाय अभिञ्ञाय सम्बोधाय निब्बानाय संवत्तति? अयमेव अरियो अट्ठङ्गिको मग्गो, सेय्यथिदं—सम्मादिट्ठि सम्मासङ्कप्पो सम्मावाचा सम्माकम्मन्तो सम्माआजीवो सम्मावायामो सम्मासति सम्मासमाधि। अयं खो सा, भिक्खवे, मज्झिमा पटिपदा तथागतेन अभिसम्बुद्धा चक्खुकरणी ञाणकरणी उपसमाय अभिञ्ञाय सम्बोधाय निब्बानाय संवत्तति।
Katamā ca sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṁvattati? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. Ayaṁ kho sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṁvattati.
And what is that middle way of practice? It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion. This is that middle way of practice, which gives vision and knowledge, and leads to peace, direct knowledge, awakening, and Nibbana.
इदं खो पन, भिक्खवे, दुक्खं अरियसच्चं—जातिपि दुक्खा, जरापि दुक्खा, ब्याधिपि दुक्खो, मरणम्पि दुक्खं, अप्पियेहि सम्पयोगो दुक्खो, पियेहि विप्पयोगो दुक्खो, यम्पिच्छं न लभति तम्पि दुक्खं—सङ्खित्तेन पञ्चुपादानक्खन्धा दुक्खा।
Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ—jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, byādhipi dukkho, maraṇampi dukkhaṁ, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho, piyehi vippayogo dukkho, yampicchaṁ na labhati tampi dukkhaṁ—saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā1 dukkhā.
Now this is the noble truth of suffering. Rebirth is suffering; old age is suffering; illness is suffering; death is suffering; association with the disliked is suffering; separation from the liked is suffering; not getting what you wish for is suffering. In brief, the five grasping aggregates are suffering.
इदं खो पन, भिक्खवे, दुक्खसमुदयं अरियसच्चं—यायं तण्हा पोनोब्भविका नन्दिरागसहगता तत्रतत्राभिनन्दिनी, सेय्यथिदं—कामतण्हा, भवतण्हा, विभवतण्हा।
Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccaṁ—yāyaṁ taṇhā ponobbhavikā2 nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṁ—kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā.
Now this is the noble truth of the origin of suffering. It’s the craving that leads to future lives, mixed up with relishing and greed, taking pleasure wherever it lands. That is, craving for sensual pleasures, craving to continue existence, and craving to end existence.
इदं खो पन, भिक्खवे, दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्चं—यो तस्सायेव तण्हाय असेसविरागनिरोधो चागो पटिनिस्सग्गो मुत्ति अनालयो।
Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ—yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo.
Now this is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering. It’s the fading away and cessation of that very same craving with nothing left over; giving it away, letting it go, releasing it, and not clinging to it.
इदं खो पन, भिक्खवे, दुक्खनिरोधगामिनी पटिपदा अरियसच्चं—अयमेव अरियो अट्ठङ्गिको मग्गो, सेय्यथिदं—सम्मादिट्ठि …पे… सम्मासमाधि।
Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṁ—ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi …pe… sammāsamādhi.
Now this is the noble truth of the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering. It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.
‘इदं दुक्खं अरियसच्चन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खं अरियसच्चं परिञ्ञेय्यन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे …पे… उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खं अरियसच्चं परिञ्ञातन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि।
‘Idaṁ dukkhaṁ ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ pariññeyyan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ pariññātan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
‘This is the noble truth of suffering.’ Such was the vision, knowledge, wisdom, realization, and light that arose in me regarding teachings not learned before from another. ‘This noble truth of suffering should be completely understood.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of suffering has been completely understood.’ Such was the vision that arose in me …
‘इदं दुक्खसमुदयं अरियसच्चन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खसमुदयं अरियसच्चं पहातब्बन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे …पे… उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खसमुदयं अरियसच्चं पहीनन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि।
‘Idaṁ dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccaṁ pahātabban’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccaṁ pahīnan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
‘This is the noble truth of the origin of suffering.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of the origin of suffering should be given up.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of the origin of suffering has been given up.’ Such was the vision that arose in me …
‘इदं दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्चन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्चं सच्छिकातब्बन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे …पे… उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्चं सच्छिकतन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि।
‘Idaṁ dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ sacchikātabban’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ sacchikatan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
‘This is the noble truth of the cessation of suffering.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of the cessation of suffering should be realized.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of the cessation of suffering has been realized.’ Such was the vision that arose in me …
‘इदं दुक्खनिरोधगामिनी पटिपदा अरियसच्चन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खनिरोधगामिनी पटिपदा अरियसच्चं भावेतब्बन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे …पे… उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खनिरोधगामिनी पटिपदा अरियसच्चं भावितन्ऽति मे, भिक्खवे, पुब्बे अननुस्सुतेसु धम्मेसु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्ञा उदपादि, विज्जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि।
‘Idaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṁ bhāvetabban’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe …pe… udapādi. ‘Taṁ kho panidaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṁ bhāvitan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
‘This is the noble truth of the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering should be developed.’ Such was the vision that arose in me … ‘This noble truth of the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering has been developed.’ Such was the vision, knowledge, wisdom, realization, and light that arose in me regarding teachings not learned before from another.
यावकीवञ्च मे, भिक्खवे, इमेसु चतूसु अरियसच्चेसु एवं तिपरिवट्टं द्वादसाकारं यथाभूतं ञाणदस्सनं न सुविसुद्धं अहोसि, नेव तावाहं, भिक्खवे, सदेवके लोके समारके सब्रह्मके सस्समणब्राह्मणिया पजाय सदेवमनुस्साय ‘अनुत्तरं सम्मासम्बोधिं अभिसम्बुद्धोऽति पच्चञ्ञासिं।
Yāvakīvañca me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṁ tiparivaṭṭaṁ dvādasākāraṁ yathābhūtaṁ ñāṇadassanaṁ na suvisuddhaṁ ahosi, neva tāvāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṁ.
As long as my true knowledge and vision about these four noble truths was not fully purified in these three perspectives and twelve aspects, I didn’t announce my supreme perfect awakening in this world with its gods, Māras, and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, its gods and humans.
यतो च खो मे, भिक्खवे, इमेसु चतूसु अरियसच्चेसु एवं तिपरिवट्टं द्वादसाकारं यथाभूतं ञाणदस्सनं सुविसुद्धं अहोसि, अथाहं, भिक्खवे, सदेवके लोके समारके सब्रह्मके सस्समणब्राह्मणिया पजाय सदेवमनुस्साय ‘अनुत्तरं सम्मासम्बोधिं अभिसम्बुद्धोऽति पच्चञ्ञासिं।
Yato ca kho me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṁ tiparivaṭṭaṁ dvādasākāraṁ yathābhūtaṁ ñāṇadassanaṁ suvisuddhaṁ ahosi, athāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṁ.
But when my true knowledge and vision about these four noble truths was fully purified in these three perspectives and twelve aspects, I announced my supreme perfect awakening in this world with its gods, Māras, and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, its gods and humans.
ञाणञ्च पन मे दस्सनं उदपादि: ‘अकुप्पा मे विमुत्ति, अयमन्तिमा जाति, नत्थि दानि पुनब्भवोऽ”ति।
Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṁ udapādi: ‘akuppā me vimutti, ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’”ti.
Knowledge and vision arose in me: ‘My freedom is unshakable; this is my last rebirth; now there’ll be no more future lives.’”
इदमवोच भगवा। अत्तमना पञ्चवग्गिया भिक्खू भगवतो भासितं अभिनन्दुन्ति।
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
That is what the Buddha said. Satisfied, the group of five bhikkhus was happy with what the Buddha said.
इमस्मिञ्च पन वेय्याकरणस्मिं भञ्ञमाने आयस्मतो कोण्डञ्ञस्स विरजं वीतमलं धम्मचक्खुं उदपादि: “यं किञ्चि समुदयधम्मं सब्बं तं निरोधधम्मन्”ति।
Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṁ bhaññamāne āyasmato koṇḍaññassa virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi: “yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti.
And while this discourse was being spoken, the stainless, immaculate vision of the Dhamma arose in Venerable Koṇḍañña: “Everything that has a beginning has an end.”
पवत्तिते च पन भगवता धम्मचक्के भुम्मा देवा सद्दमनुस्सावेसुं: “एतं भगवता बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिन्”ति।
Pavattite ca pana bhagavatā dhammacakke bhummā devā saddamanussāvesuṁ: “etaṁ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti.
And when the Buddha rolled forth the Wheel of Dhamma, the earth gods raised the cry: “Near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana, the Buddha has rolled forth the supreme Wheel of Dhamma. And that wheel cannot be rolled back by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world.”
भुम्मानं देवानं सद्दं सुत्वा चातुमहाराजिका देवा सद्दमनुस्सावेसुं: “एतं भगवता बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं, अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिन्”ति। चातुमहाराजिकानं देवानं सद्दं सुत्वा तावतिंसा देवा …पे… यामा देवा …पे… तुसिता देवा …पे… निम्मानरती देवा …पे… परनिम्मितवसवत्ती देवा …पे… ब्रह्मकायिका देवा सद्दमनुस्सावेसुं: “एतं भगवता बाराणसियं इसिपतने मिगदाये अनुत्तरं धम्मचक्कं पवत्तितं अप्पटिवत्तियं समणेन वा ब्राह्मणेन वा देवेन वा मारेन वा ब्रह्मुना वा केनचि वा लोकस्मिन्”ति।
Bhummānaṁ devānaṁ saddaṁ sutvā cātumahārājikā devā saddamanussāvesuṁ: “etaṁ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ, appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti. Cātumahārājikānaṁ devānaṁ saddaṁ sutvā tāvatiṁsā devā …pe… yāmā devā …pe… tusitā devā …pe… nimmānaratī devā …pe… paranimmitavasavattī devā …pe… brahmakāyikā devā saddamanussāvesuṁ: “etaṁ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti.
Hearing the cry of the Earth Gods, the Gods of the Four Great Kings … the Gods of the Thirty-Three … the Gods of Yama … the Joyful Gods … the Gods Who Love to Create … the Gods Who Control the Creations of Others … the Gods of Brahmā’s Host raised the cry: “Near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana, the Buddha has rolled forth the supreme Wheel of Dhamma. And that wheel cannot be rolled back by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world.”
इतिह तेन खणेन तेन लयेन तेन मुहुत्तेन याव ब्रह्मलोका सद्दो अब्भुग्गच्छि। अयञ्च दससहस्सिलोकधातु सङ्कम्पि सम्पकम्पि सम्पवेधि, अप्पमाणो च उळारो ओभासो लोके पातुरहोसि अतिक्कम्म देवानं देवानुभावन्ति।
Itiha tena khaṇena tena layena3 tena muhuttena yāva brahmalokā saddo abbhuggacchi. Ayañca dasasahassilokadhātu saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pāturahosi atikkamma devānaṁ devānubhāvanti.
And so at that moment, in that instant, the cry soared up to the Brahmā realm. And this galaxy shook and rocked and trembled. And an immeasurable, magnificent light appeared in the world, surpassing the glory of the gods.
अथ खो भगवा इमं उदानं उदानेसि: “अञ्ञासि वत भो, कोण्डञ्ञो, अञ्ञासि वत भो, कोण्डञ्ञो”ति।
Atha kho bhagavā imaṁ udānaṁ udānesi: “aññāsi vata bho, koṇḍañño, aññāsi vata bho, koṇḍañño”ti.
Then the Buddha expressed this heartfelt sentiment: “Koṇḍañña has really understood! Koṇḍañña has really understood!”
इति हिदं आयस्मतो कोण्डञ्ञस्स “अञ्ञासिकोण्डञ्ञो” त्वेव नामं अहोसीति।
Iti hidaṁ āyasmato koṇḍaññassa “aññāsikoṇḍañño” tveva nāmaṁ ahosīti.
And that’s how Venerable Koṇḍañña came to be known as “Koṇḍañña Who Understood”.
पठमं।
Paṭhamaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Saṁyutta Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
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