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संयुत्त निकाय ३।२४
Saṁyutta Nikāya 3.24
The Related Suttas Collection 3.24
३। ततियवग्ग
3. Tatiyavagga
3. Kosala
इस्सत्तसुत्त
Issattasutta
Archery
सावत्थिनिदानं।
Sāvatthinidānaṁ.
At Sāvatthī.
एकमन्तं निसिन्नो खो राजा पसेनदि कोसलो भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “कत्थ नु खो, भन्ते, दानं दातब्बन्”ति?
Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho rājā pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “kattha nu kho, bhante, dānaṁ dātabban”ti?
Seated to one side, King Pasenadi said to the Buddha, “Sir, where should a gift be given?”
“यत्थ खो, महाराज, चित्तं पसीदती”ति।
“Yattha kho, mahārāja, cittaṁ pasīdatī”ti.
“Wherever your heart feels inspired, great king.”
“कत्थ पन, भन्ते, दिन्नं महप्फलन्”ति?
“Kattha pana, bhante, dinnaṁ mahapphalan”ti?
“But sir, where is a gift very fruitful?”
“अञ्ञं खो एतं, महाराज, कत्थ दानं दातब्बं, अञ्ञं पनेतं कत्थ दिन्नं महप्फलन्ति? सीलवतो खो, महाराज, दिन्नं महप्फलं, नो तथा दुस्सीले। तेन हि, महाराज, तञ्ञेवेत्थ पटिपुच्छिस्सामि। यथा, ते खमेय्य, तथा नं ब्याकरेय्यासि।
“Aññaṁ kho etaṁ, mahārāja, kattha dānaṁ dātabbaṁ, aññaṁ panetaṁ kattha dinnaṁ mahapphalanti? Sīlavato kho, mahārāja, dinnaṁ mahapphalaṁ, no tathā dussīle. Tena hi, mahārāja, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā, te khameyya, tathā naṁ byākareyyāsi.
“Where a gift should be given is one thing, great king, but where a gift is very fruitful is another. A gift is very fruitful when it’s given to an ethical person, not so much to an unethical person. Well then, great king, I’ll ask you about this in return, and you can answer as you like.
तं किं मञ्ञसि, महाराज, इध त्यस्स युद्धं पच्चुपट्ठितं सङ्गामो समुपब्यूळ्हो। अथ आगच्छेय्य खत्तियकुमारो असिक्खितो अकतहत्थो अकतयोग्गो अकतूपासनो भीरु छम्भी उत्रासी पलायी। भरेय्यासि तं पुरिसं, अत्थो च ते तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति?
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja, idha tyassa yuddhaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ saṅgāmo samupabyūḷho. Atha āgaccheyya khattiyakumāro asikkhito akatahattho akatayoggo akatūpāsano bhīru chambhī utrāsī palāyī. Bhareyyāsi taṁ purisaṁ, attho ca te tādisena purisenā”ti?
What do you think, great king? Suppose you were at war, ready to fight a battle. Then along comes an aristocrat youth who is untrained, inexpert, unfit, inexperienced. And he’s fearful, scared, nervous, quick to flee. Would you employ such a man? Would he be of any use to you?”
“नाहं, भन्ते, भरेय्यं तं पुरिसं, न च मे अत्थो तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति।
“Nāhaṁ, bhante, bhareyyaṁ taṁ purisaṁ, na ca me attho tādisena purisenā”ti.
“No, sir, I would have no use for such a man.”
“अथ आगच्छेय्य ब्राह्मणकुमारो असिक्खितो …पे… अथ आगच्छेय्य वेस्सकुमारो असिक्खितो …पे… अथ आगच्छेय्य सुद्दकुमारो असिक्खितो …पे…
“Atha āgaccheyya brāhmaṇakumāro asikkhito …pe… atha āgaccheyya vessakumāro asikkhito …pe… atha āgaccheyya suddakumāro asikkhito …pe…
“What about a brahmin youth, a peasant youth, or a menial youth who was similar?”
न च मे अत्थो तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति।
na ca me attho tādisena purisenā”ti.
“No, sir, I would have no use for such a man.”
“तं किं मञ्ञसि, महाराज, इध त्यस्स युद्धं पच्चुपट्ठितं सङ्गामो समुपब्यूळ्हो। अथ आगच्छेय्य खत्तियकुमारो सुसिक्खितो कतहत्थो कतयोग्गो कतूपासनो अभीरु अच्छम्भी अनुत्रासी अपलायी। भरेय्यासि तं पुरिसं, अत्थो च ते तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja, idha tyassa yuddhaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ saṅgāmo samupabyūḷho. Atha āgaccheyya khattiyakumāro susikkhito katahattho katayoggo katūpāsano abhīru acchambhī anutrāsī apalāyī. Bhareyyāsi taṁ purisaṁ, attho ca te tādisena purisenā”ti?
“What do you think, great king? Suppose you were at war, ready to fight a battle. Then along comes an aristocrat youth who is trained, expert, fit, experienced. And he’s fearless, brave, bold, standing his ground. Would you employ such a man? Would he be of any use to you?”
“भरेय्याहं, भन्ते, तं पुरिसं, अत्थो च मे तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति।
“Bhareyyāhaṁ, bhante, taṁ purisaṁ, attho ca me tādisena purisenā”ti.
“Yes, sir, I would have a use for such a man.”
“अथ आगच्छेय्य ब्राह्मणकुमारो …पे… अथ आगच्छेय्य वेस्सकुमारो …पे… अथ आगच्छेय्य सुद्दकुमारो सुसिक्खितो कतहत्थो कतयोग्गो कतूपासनो अभीरु अच्छम्भी अनुत्रासी अपलायी। भरेय्यासि तं पुरिसं, अत्थो च ते तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति?
“Atha āgaccheyya brāhmaṇakumāro …pe… atha āgaccheyya vessakumāro …pe… atha āgaccheyya suddakumāro susikkhito katahattho katayoggo katūpāsano abhīru acchambhī anutrāsī apalāyī. Bhareyyāsi taṁ purisaṁ, attho ca te tādisena purisenā”ti?
“What about a brahmin youth, a peasant youth, or a menial youth who was similar? Would you employ such a man? Would he be of any use to you?”
“भरेय्याहं, भन्ते, तं पुरिसं, अत्थो च मे तादिसेन पुरिसेना”ति।
“Bhareyyāhaṁ, bhante, taṁ purisaṁ, attho ca me tādisena purisenā”ti.
“Yes, sir, I would have a use for such a man.”
“एवमेव खो, महाराज, यस्मा कस्मा चेपि कुला अगारस्मा अनगारियं पब्बजितो होति, सो च होति पञ्चङ्गविप्पहीनो पञ्चङ्गसमन्नागतो, तस्मिं दिन्नं महप्फलं होति।
“Evameva kho, mahārāja, yasmā kasmā cepi1 kulā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca hoti pañcaṅgavippahīno pañcaṅgasamannāgato, tasmiṁ dinnaṁ mahapphalaṁ hoti.
“In the same way, a gift to anyone who has given up five factors and possesses five factors is very fruitful, no matter what family they’ve gone forth from.
कतमानि पञ्चङ्गानि पहीनानि होन्ति? कामच्छन्दो पहीनो होति, ब्यापादो पहीनो होति, थिनमिद्धं पहीनं होति, उद्धच्चकुक्कुच्चं पहीनं होति, विचिकिच्छा पहीना होति। इमानि पञ्चङ्गानि पहीनानि होन्ति।
Katamāni pañcaṅgāni pahīnāni honti? Kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṁ pahīnaṁ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṁ pahīnaṁ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Imāni pañcaṅgāni pahīnāni honti.
What are the five factors they’ve given up? Sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt. These are the five factors they’ve given up.
कतमेहि पञ्चहङ्गेहि समन्नागतो होति? असेक्खेन सीलक्खन्धेन समन्नागतो होति, असेक्खेन समाधिक्खन्धेन समन्नागतो होति, असेक्खेन पञ्ञाक्खन्धेन समन्नागतो होति, असेक्खेन विमुत्तिक्खन्धेन समन्नागतो होति, असेक्खेन विमुत्तिञाणदस्सनक्खन्धेन समन्नागतो होति। इमेहि पञ्चहङ्गेहि समन्नागतो होति।
Katamehi pañcahaṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Asekkhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti. Imehi pañcahaṅgehi samannāgato hoti.
What are the five factors they possess? The entire spectrum of an adept’s ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and knowledge and vision of freedom. These are the five factors they possess.
इति पञ्चङ्गविप्पहीने पञ्चङ्गसमन्नागते दिन्नं महप्फलन्”ति।
Iti pañcaṅgavippahīne pañcaṅgasamannāgate dinnaṁ mahapphalan”ti.
I say that a gift to anyone who has given up these five factors and possesses these five factors is very fruitful.”
इदमवोच भगवा …पे… सत्था:
Idamavoca bhagavā …pe… satthā:
That is what the Buddha said. Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:
“इस्सत्तं बलवीरियञ्च, यस्मिं विज्जेथ माणवे; तं युद्धत्थो भरे राजा, नासूरं जातिपच्चया।
“Issattaṁ2 balavīriyañca, yasmiṁ vijjetha māṇave; Taṁ yuddhattho bhare rājā, nāsūraṁ jātipaccayā.
“Any youth skilled at archery, powerful and vigorous, would be employed by a king going to war—one is not a coward by reason of birth.
तथेव खन्तिसोरच्चं, धम्मा यस्मिं पतिट्ठिता; अरियवुत्तिं मेधाविं, हीनजच्चम्पि पूजये।
Tatheva khantisoraccaṁ, dhammā yasmiṁ patiṭṭhitā; Ariyavuttiṁ medhāviṁ, hīnajaccampi pūjaye.
Just so, whoever is settled in the qualities of patience and gentleness, a clever person with noble conduct, should be venerated even if they’re low born.
कारये अस्समे रम्मे, वासयेत्थ बहुस्सुते; पपञ्च विवने कयिरा, दुग्गे सङ्कमनानि च।
Kāraye assame ramme, vāsayettha bahussute; Papañca vivane kayirā, dugge saṅkamanāni ca.
You should build lovely hermitages and settle learned people in them. You should set up water supplies in barren regions and passages in places hard to travel.
अन्नं पानं खादनीयं, वत्थसेनासनानि च; ददेय्य उजुभूतेसु, विप्पसन्नेन चेतसा।
Annaṁ pānaṁ khādanīyaṁ, vatthasenāsanāni ca; Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, vippasannena cetasā.
Food, drink, edibles, clothes, and lodgings should be given to the upright ones, with a clear and confident heart.
यथा हि मेघो थनयं, विज्जुमाली सतक्ककु; थलं निन्नञ्च पूरेति, अभिवस्सं वसुन्धरं।
Yathā hi megho thanayaṁ, vijjumālī satakkaku; Thalaṁ ninnañca pūreti, abhivassaṁ vasundharaṁ.
The thundering rain cloud, its hundred peaks wreathed in lightning, pours down over the rich earth, soaking the uplands and valleys.
तथेव सद्धो सुतवा, अभिसङ्खच्च भोजनं; वनिब्बके तप्पयति, अन्नपानेन पण्डितो।
Tatheva saddho sutavā, abhisaṅkhacca bhojanaṁ; Vanibbake tappayati, annapānena paṇḍito.
So too an astute person, faithful and learned, should prepare a meal to satisfy renunciates with food and drink.
आमोदमानो पकिरेति, देथ देथाति भासति; तं हिस्स गज्जितं होति, देवस्सेव पवस्सतो; सा पुञ्ञधारा विपुला, दातारं अभिवस्सती”ति।
Āmodamāno pakireti, detha dethāti bhāsati; Taṁ hissa gajjitaṁ hoti, devasseva pavassato; Sā puññadhārā vipulā, dātāraṁ abhivassatī”ti.
Rejoicing, they strew gifts about, crying ‘Give! give!’ For that is their thunder, like the gods when it rains. That stream of merit so abundant showers down on the giver.”
The authoritative text of the Saṁyutta Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
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