| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Saṁyutta Nikāya, English translation |
संयुत्त निकाय ३।२५
Saṁyutta Nikāya 3.25
The Related Suttas Collection 3.25
३। ततियवग्ग
3. Tatiyavagga
3. Kosala
पब्बतूपमसुत्त
Pabbatūpamasutta
The Simile of the Mountain
सावत्थिनिदानं।
Sāvatthinidānaṁ.
At Sāvatthī.
एकमन्तं निसिन्नं खो राजानं पसेनदिं कोसलं भगवा एतदवोच: “हन्द कुतो नु त्वं, महाराज, आगच्छसि दिवा दिवस्सा”ति?
Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ bhagavā etadavoca: “handa kuto nu tvaṁ, mahārāja, āgacchasi divā divassā”ti?
King Pasenadi of Kosala sat to one side, and the Buddha said to him, “So, great king, where are you coming from in the middle of the day?”
“यानि तानि, भन्ते, रञ्ञं खत्तियानं मुद्धावसित्तानं इस्सरियमदमत्तानं कामगेधपरियुट्ठितानं जनपदत्थावरियप्पत्तानं महन्तं पथविमण्डलं अभिविजिय अज्झावसन्तानं राजकरणीयानि भवन्ति, तेसु ख्वाहं, एतरहि उस्सुक्कमापन्नो”ति।
“Yāni tāni, bhante, raññaṁ khattiyānaṁ muddhāvasittānaṁ issariyamadamattānaṁ kāmagedhapariyuṭṭhitānaṁ janapadatthāvariyappattānaṁ mahantaṁ pathavimaṇḍalaṁ abhivijiya ajjhāvasantānaṁ rājakaraṇīyāni bhavanti, tesu khvāhaṁ, etarahi ussukkamāpanno”ti.
“Sir, there are anointed aristocratic kings who are infatuated with authority, and obsessed with greed for sensual pleasures. They have attained stability in the country, occupying a vast conquered territory. Today I have been busy fulfilling the duties of such kings.”
“तं किं मञ्ञसि, महाराज, इध ते पुरिसो आगच्छेय्य पुरत्थिमाय दिसाय सद्धायिको पच्चयिको। सो तं उपसङ्कमित्वा एवं वदेय्य: ‘यग्घे, महाराज, जानेय्यासि, अहं आगच्छामि पुरत्थिमाय दिसाय। तत्थद्दसं महन्तं पब्बतं अब्भसमं, सब्बे पाणे निप्पोथेन्तो आगच्छति। यं ते, महाराज, करणीयं, तं करोहीऽति।
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja, idha te puriso āgaccheyya puratthimāya disāya saddhāyiko paccayiko. So taṁ upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadeyya: ‘yagghe, mahārāja, jāneyyāsi, ahaṁ āgacchāmi puratthimāya disāya. Tatthaddasaṁ mahantaṁ pabbataṁ abbhasamaṁ, sabbe pāṇe nippothento āgacchati. Yaṁ te, mahārāja, karaṇīyaṁ, taṁ karohī’ti.
“What do you think, great king? Suppose a trustworthy and reliable man were to come from the east. He’d approach you and say: ‘Please sir, you should know this. I come from the east. There I saw a huge mountain that reached the clouds. And it was coming this way, crushing all creatures. So then, great king, do what you must!’
अथ दुतियो पुरिसो आगच्छेय्य पच्छिमाय दिसाय …पे… अथ ततियो पुरिसो आगच्छेय्य उत्तराय दिसाय … अथ चतुत्थो पुरिसो आगच्छेय्य दक्खिणाय दिसाय सद्धायिको पच्चयिको। सो तं उपसङ्कमित्वा एवं वदेय्य: ‘यग्घे, महाराज, जानेय्यासि, अहं आगच्छामि दक्खिणाय दिसाय। तत्थद्दसं महन्तं पब्बतं अब्भसमं सब्बे पाणे निप्पोथेन्तो आगच्छति। यं ते, महाराज, करणीयं तं करोहीऽति।
Atha dutiyo puriso āgaccheyya pacchimāya disāya …pe… atha tatiyo puriso āgaccheyya uttarāya disāya … atha catuttho puriso āgaccheyya dakkhiṇāya disāya saddhāyiko paccayiko. So taṁ upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadeyya: ‘yagghe, mahārāja, jāneyyāsi, ahaṁ āgacchāmi dakkhiṇāya disāya. Tatthaddasaṁ mahantaṁ pabbataṁ abbhasamaṁ sabbe pāṇe nippothento āgacchati. Yaṁ te, mahārāja, karaṇīyaṁ taṁ karohī’ti.
Then a second trustworthy and reliable man were to come from the west … a third from the north … and a fourth from the south. He’d approach you and say: ‘Please sir, you should know this. I come from the south. There I saw a huge mountain that reached the clouds. And it was coming this way, crushing all creatures. So then, great king, do what you must!’
एवरूपे ते, महाराज, महति महब्भये समुप्पन्ने दारुणे मनुस्सक्खये दुल्लभे मनुस्सत्ते किमस्स करणीयन्”ति?
Evarūpe te, mahārāja, mahati mahabbhaye samuppanne dāruṇe manussakkhaye1 dullabhe manussatte kimassa karaṇīyan”ti?
Should such a dire threat arise—a terrible loss of human life, when human birth is so rare—what would you do?”
“एवरूपे मे, भन्ते, महति महब्भये समुप्पन्ने दारुणे मनुस्सक्खये दुल्लभे मनुस्सत्ते किमस्स करणीयं अञ्ञत्र धम्मचरियाय अञ्ञत्र समचरियाय अञ्ञत्र कुसलकिरियाय अञ्ञत्र पुञ्ञकिरियाया”ति?
“Evarūpe me, bhante, mahati mahabbhaye samuppanne dāruṇe manussakkhaye dullabhe manussatte kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya aññatra samacariyāya aññatra kusalakiriyāya aññatra puññakiriyāyā”ti?
“Sir, what could I do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?”
“आरोचेमि खो ते, महाराज, पटिवेदेमि खो ते, महाराज, अधिवत्तति खो तं, महाराज, जरामरणं। अधिवत्तमाने चे ते, महाराज, जरामरणे किमस्स करणीयन्”ति?
“Ārocemi kho te, mahārāja, paṭivedemi kho te, mahārāja, adhivattati kho taṁ, mahārāja, jarāmaraṇaṁ. Adhivattamāne ce te, mahārāja, jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyan”ti?
“I tell you, great king, I announce to you: old age and death are advancing upon you. Since old age and death are advancing upon you, what would you do?”
“अधिवत्तमाने च मे, भन्ते, जरामरणे किमस्स करणीयं अञ्ञत्र धम्मचरियाय समचरियाय कुसलकिरियाय पुञ्ञकिरियाय?
“Adhivattamāne ca me, bhante, jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya samacariyāya kusalakiriyāya puññakiriyāya?
“Sir, what can I do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?
यानि तानि, भन्ते, रञ्ञं खत्तियानं मुद्धावसित्तानं इस्सरियमदमत्तानं कामगेधपरियुट्ठितानं जनपदत्थावरियप्पत्तानं महन्तं पथविमण्डलं अभिविजिय अज्झावसन्तानं हत्थियुद्धानि भवन्ति; तेसम्पि, भन्ते, हत्थियुद्धानं नत्थि गति नत्थि विसयो अधिवत्तमाने जरामरणे। यानिपि तानि, भन्ते, रञ्ञं खत्तियानं मुद्धावसित्तानं …पे… अज्झावसन्तानं अस्सयुद्धानि भवन्ति …पे… रथयुद्धानि भवन्ति …पे… पत्तियुद्धानि भवन्ति; तेसम्पि, भन्ते, पत्तियुद्धानं नत्थि गति नत्थि विसयो अधिवत्तमाने जरामरणे।
Yāni tāni, bhante, raññaṁ khattiyānaṁ muddhāvasittānaṁ issariyamadamattānaṁ kāmagedhapariyuṭṭhitānaṁ janapadatthāvariyappattānaṁ mahantaṁ pathavimaṇḍalaṁ abhivijiya ajjhāvasantānaṁ hatthiyuddhāni bhavanti; tesampi, bhante, hatthiyuddhānaṁ natthi gati natthi visayo adhivattamāne jarāmaraṇe. Yānipi tāni, bhante, raññaṁ khattiyānaṁ muddhāvasittānaṁ …pe… ajjhāvasantānaṁ assayuddhāni bhavanti …pe… rathayuddhāni bhavanti …pe… pattiyuddhāni bhavanti; tesampi, bhante, pattiyuddhānaṁ natthi gati natthi visayo adhivattamāne jarāmaraṇe.
Sir, there are anointed aristocratic kings who are infatuated with authority, and obsessed with greed for sensual pleasures. They have attained stability in the country, occupying a vast conquered territory. Such kings engage in battles of elephants, cavalry, chariots, or infantry. But there is no place, no scope for such battles when old age and death are advancing.
सन्ति खो पन, भन्ते, इमस्मिं राजकुले मन्तिनो महामत्ता, ये पहोन्ति आगते पच्चत्थिके मन्तेहि भेदयितुं। तेसम्पि, भन्ते, मन्तयुद्धानं नत्थि गति नत्थि विसयो अधिवत्तमाने जरामरणे।
Santi kho pana, bhante, imasmiṁ rājakule mantino mahāmattā, ye pahonti āgate paccatthike mantehi bhedayituṁ. Tesampi, bhante, mantayuddhānaṁ natthi gati natthi visayo adhivattamāne jarāmaraṇe.
In this royal court there are ministers of wise counsel who are capable of dividing an approaching enemy by wise counsel. But there is no place, no scope for such diplomatic battles when old age and death are advancing.
संविज्जति खो पन, भन्ते, इमस्मिं राजकुले पहूतं हिरञ्ञसुवण्णं भूमिगतञ्चेव वेहासट्ठञ्च, येन मयं पहोम आगते पच्चत्थिके धनेन उपलापेतुं। तेसम्पि, भन्ते, धनयुद्धानं नत्थि गति नत्थि विसयो अधिवत्तमाने जरामरणे।
Saṁvijjati kho pana, bhante, imasmiṁ rājakule pahūtaṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṁ bhūmigatañceva vehāsaṭṭhañca, yena mayaṁ pahoma āgate paccatthike dhanena upalāpetuṁ. Tesampi, bhante, dhanayuddhānaṁ natthi gati natthi visayo adhivattamāne jarāmaraṇe.
In this royal court there is abundant gold coin and bullion stored in dungeons and towers. Using this wealth we can bribe an approaching enemy. But there is no place, no scope for such monetary battles when old age and death are advancing.
अधिवत्तमाने च मे, भन्ते, जरामरणे किमस्स करणीयं अञ्ञत्र धम्मचरियाय समचरियाय कुसलकिरियाय पुञ्ञकिरियाया”ति?
Adhivattamāne ca me, bhante, jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya samacariyāya kusalakiriyāya puññakiriyāyā”ti?
When old age and death are advancing, what can I do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?”
“एवमेतं, महाराज, एवमेतं, महाराज। अधिवत्तमाने जरामरणे किमस्स करणीयं अञ्ञत्र धम्मचरियाय समचरियाय कुसलकिरियाय पुञ्ञकिरियाया”ति?
“Evametaṁ, mahārāja, evametaṁ, mahārāja. Adhivattamāne jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya samacariyāya kusalakiriyāya puññakiriyāyā”ti?
“That’s so true, great king! That’s so true! When old age and death are advancing, what can you do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?”
इदमवोच भगवा …पे… सत्था:
Idamavoca bhagavā …pe… satthā:
That is what the Buddha said. Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:
“यथापि सेला विपुला, नभं आहच्च पब्बता; समन्तानुपरियायेय्युं, निप्पोथेन्तो चतुद्दिसा।
“Yathāpi selā vipulā, nabhaṁ āhacca pabbatā; Samantānupariyāyeyyuṁ, nippothento catuddisā.
“Suppose there were vast mountains of solid rock touching the sky drawing in from all sides and crushing the four quarters.
एवं जरा च मच्चु च, अधिवत्तन्ति पाणिने; खत्तिये ब्राह्मणे वेस्से, सुद्दे चण्डालपुक्कुसे; न किञ्चि परिवज्जेति, सब्बमेवाभिमद्दति।
Evaṁ jarā ca maccu ca, adhivattanti pāṇine; Khattiye brāhmaṇe vesse, sudde caṇḍālapukkuse; Na kiñci2 parivajjeti, sabbamevābhimaddati.
So too old age and death advance upon all living creatures—aristocrats, brahmins, peasants, menials, outcastes, and scavengers. They spare nothing. They crush all beneath them.
न तत्थ हत्थीनं भूमि, न रथानं न पत्तिया; न चापि मन्तयुद्धेन, सक्का जेतुं धनेन वा।
Na tattha hatthīnaṁ bhūmi, na rathānaṁ na pattiyā; Na cāpi mantayuddhena, sakkā jetuṁ dhanena vā.
There’s nowhere for elephants to take a stand, nor chariots nor infantry. They can’t be defeated by diplomatic battles or by wealth.
तस्मा हि पण्डितो पोसो, सम्पस्सं अत्थमत्तनो; बुद्धे धम्मे च सङ्घे च, धीरो सद्धं निवेसये।
Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṁ atthamattano; Buddhe dhamme ca saṅghe ca, dhīro saddhaṁ nivesaye.
That’s why an astute person, seeing what’s good for themselves, being wise, would place faith in the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha.
यो धम्मं चरि कायेन, वाचाय उद चेतसा; इधेव नं पसंसन्ति, पेच्च सग्गे पमोदती”ति।
Yo dhammaṁ cari3 kāyena, vācāya uda cetasā; Idheva naṁ pasaṁsanti, pecca sagge pamodatī”ti.
Whoever lives by the teaching in body, speech, and mind, is praised in this life and departs to rejoice in heaven.”
ततियो वग्गो।
Tatiyo vaggo.
तस्सुद्दानं
Tassuddānaṁ
पुग्गलो अय्यिका लोको, इस्सत्तं पब्बतूपमा; देसितं बुद्धसेट्ठेन, इमं कोसलपञ्चकन्ति।
Puggalo ayyikā loko, issattaṁ4 pabbatūpamā; Desitaṁ buddhaseṭṭhena, imaṁ kosalapañcakanti.
कोसलसंयुत्तं समत्तं।
Kosalasaṁyuttaṁ samattaṁ.
The Related Suttas Collection with the Kosalan are completed.
The authoritative text of the Saṁyutta Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
