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संयुत्त निकाय ५५।२४
Saṁyutta Nikāya 55.24
The Related Suttas Collection 55.24
३। सरणानिवग्ग
3. Saraṇānivagga
3. About Sarakāni
पठमसरणानिसक्कसुत्त
Paṭhamasaraṇānisakkasutta
About Sarakāni (1st)
कपिलवत्थुनिदानं।
Kapilavatthunidānaṁ.
At Kapilavatthu.
तेन खो पन समयेन सरणानि सक्को कालङ्कतो होति। सो भगवता ब्याकतो: “सोतापन्नो अविनिपातधम्मो नियतो सम्बोधिपरायणो”ति।
Tena kho pana samayena saraṇāni1 sakko kālaṅkato hoti. So bhagavatā byākato: “sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo”ti.
Now at that time Sarakāni the Sakyan had passed away. The Buddha declared that he was a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening.
तत्र सुदं सम्बहुला सक्का सङ्गम्म समागम्म उज्झायन्ति खीयन्ति विपाचेन्ति: “अच्छरियं वत भो, अब्भुतं वत भो। एत्थ दानि को न सोतापन्नो भविस्सति। यत्र हि नाम सरणानि सक्को कालङ्कतो; सो भगवता ब्याकतो: ‘सोतापन्नो अविनिपातधम्मो नियतो सम्बोधिपरायणोऽति। सरणानि सक्को सिक्खादुब्बल्यमापादि, मज्जपानं अपायी”ति।
Tatra sudaṁ sambahulā sakkā saṅgamma samāgamma ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti: “acchariyaṁ vata bho, abbhutaṁ vata bho. Ettha dāni ko na sotāpanno bhavissati. Yatra hi nāma saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato; so bhagavatā byākato: ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Saraṇāni sakko sikkhādubbalyamāpādi, majjapānaṁ apāyī”ti.
At that, several Sakyans came together complaining, grumbling, and objecting, “Oh, how incredible, how amazing! Who can’t become a stream-enterer these days? For the Buddha even declared Sarakāni to be a stream-enterer after he passed away. Sarakāni was too weak for the training; he used to drink alcohol.”
अथ खो महानामो सक्को येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमि; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदि। एकमन्तं निसिन्नो खो महानामो सक्को भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “इध, भन्ते, सरणानि सक्को कालङ्कतो। सो भगवता ब्याकतो: ‘सोतापन्नो अविनिपातधम्मो नियतो सम्बोधिपरायणोऽति। तत्र सुदं, भन्ते, सम्बहुला सक्का सङ्गम्म समागम्म उज्झायन्ति खीयन्ति विपाचेन्ति—अच्छरियं वत, भो, अब्भुतं वत, भो। एत्थ दानि को न सोतापन्नो भविस्सति। यत्र हि नाम सरणानि सक्को कालङ्कतो; सो भगवता ब्याकतो: ‘सोतापन्नो अविनिपातधम्मो नियतो सम्बोधिपरायणोऽति। सरणानि सक्को सिक्खादुब्बल्यमापादि, मज्जपानं अपायी”ति।
Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “idha, bhante, saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato. So bhagavatā byākato: ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Tatra sudaṁ, bhante, sambahulā sakkā saṅgamma samāgamma ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti—acchariyaṁ vata, bho, abbhutaṁ vata, bho. Ettha dāni ko na sotāpanno bhavissati. Yatra hi nāma saraṇāni sakko kālaṅkato; so bhagavatā byākato: ‘sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti. Saraṇāni sakko sikkhādubbalyamāpādi, majjapānaṁ apāyī”ti.
Then Mahānāma the Sakyan went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened. The Buddha said:
“यो सो, महानाम, दीघरत्तं उपासको बुद्धं सरणं गतो धम्मं सरणं गतो सङ्घं सरणं गतो, सो कथं विनिपातं गच्छेय्य। यञ्हि तं, महानाम, सम्मा वदमानो वदेय्य: ‘दीघरत्तं उपासको बुद्धं सरणं गतो धम्मं सरणं गतो सङ्घं सरणं गतोऽति, सरणानि सक्कं सम्मा वदमानो वदेय्य। सरणानि, महानाम, सक्को दीघरत्तं उपासको बुद्धं सरणं गतो धम्मं सरणं गतो सङ्घं सरणं गतो। सो कथं विनिपातं गच्छेय्य।
“Yo so, mahānāma, dīgharattaṁ upāsako buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gato dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gato saṅghaṁ saraṇaṁ gato, so kathaṁ vinipātaṁ gaccheyya. Yañhi taṁ, mahānāma, sammā vadamāno vadeyya: ‘dīgharattaṁ upāsako buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gato dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gato saṅghaṁ saraṇaṁ gato’ti, saraṇāni sakkaṁ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. Saraṇāni, mahānāma, sakko dīgharattaṁ upāsako buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gato dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gato saṅghaṁ saraṇaṁ gato. So kathaṁ vinipātaṁ gaccheyya.
“Mahānāma, when a lay follower has for a long time gone for refuge to the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, how could they go to the underworld? And if anyone should rightly be said to have for a long time gone for refuge to the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, it’s Sarakāni the Sakyan. Sarakāni the Sakyan has for a long time gone for refuge to the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha. How could he go to the underworld?
इध, महानाम, एकच्चो पुग्गलो बुद्धे अवेच्चप्पसादेन समन्नागतो होति—इतिपि सो भगवा …पे… सत्था देवमनुस्सानं बुद्धो भगवाति। धम्मे …पे… सङ्घे …पे… हासपञ्ञो जवनपञ्ञो विमुत्तिया च समन्नागतो। सो आसवानं खया अनासवं चेतोविमुत्तिं पञ्ञाविमुत्तिं दिट्ठेव धम्मे सयं अभिञ्ञा सच्छिकत्वा उपसम्पज्ज विहरति। अयम्पि खो, महानाम, पुग्गलो परिमुत्तो निरया परिमुत्तो तिरच्छानयोनिया परिमुत्तो पेत्तिविसया परिमुत्तो अपायदुग्गतिविनिपाता।
Idha, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti—itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme …pe… saṅghe …pe… hāsapañño javanapañño vimuttiyā ca samannāgato. So āsavānaṁ khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.
Take a certain person who has experiential confidence in the Buddha … the teaching … the Saṅgha … They have laughing wisdom and swift wisdom, and are endowed with freedom. They’ve realized the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. And they live having realized it with their own insight due to the ending of defilements. This person is exempt from hell, the animal realm, and the ghost realm. They’re exempt from places of loss, bad places, the underworld.
इध पन, महानाम, एकच्चो पुग्गलो बुद्धे अवेच्चप्पसादेन समन्नागतो होति—इतिपि सो भगवा …पे… सत्था देवमनुस्सानं बुद्धो भगवाति। धम्मे …पे… सङ्घे …पे… हासपञ्ञो जवनपञ्ञो न च विमुत्तिया समन्नागतो। सो पञ्चन्नं ओरम्भागियानं संयोजनानं परिक्खया ओपपातिको होति तत्थ परिनिब्बायी अनावत्तिधम्मो तस्मा लोका। अयम्पि खो, महानाम, पुग्गलो परिमुत्तो निरया परिमुत्तो तिरच्छानयोनिया परिमुत्तो पेत्तिविसया परिमुत्तो अपायदुग्गतिविनिपाता।
Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti—itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme …pe… saṅghe …pe… hāsapañño javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā2 lokā. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.
Take another person who has experiential confidence in the Buddha … the teaching … the Saṅgha … They have laughing wisdom and swift wisdom, but are not endowed with freedom. With the ending of the five lower fetters they’re reborn spontaneously. They are extinguished there, and are not liable to return from that world. This person, too, is exempt from hell, the animal realm, and the ghost realm. They’re exempt from places of loss, bad places, the underworld.
इध पन, महानाम, एकच्चो पुग्गलो बुद्धे अवेच्चप्पसादेन समन्नागतो होति—इतिपि सो भगवा …पे… सत्था देवमनुस्सानं बुद्धो भगवाति। धम्मे …पे… सङ्घे …पे… न हासपञ्ञो न जवनपञ्ञो न च विमुत्तिया समन्नागतो। सो तिण्णं संयोजनानं परिक्खया रागदोसमोहानं तनुत्ता सकदागामी होति, सकिदेव इमं लोकं आगन्त्वा दुक्खस्सन्तं करोति। अयम्पि खो, महानाम, पुग्गलो परिमुत्तो निरया परिमुत्तो तिरच्छानयोनिया परिमुत्तो पेत्तिविसया परिमुत्तो अपायदुग्गतिविनिपाता।
Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti—itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavāti. Dhamme …pe… saṅghe …pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti, sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karoti. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.
Take another person who has experiential confidence in the Buddha … the teaching … the Saṅgha … But they don’t have laughing wisdom or swift wisdom, nor are they endowed with freedom. With the ending of three fetters, and the weakening of greed, hate, and delusion, they’re a once-returner. They come back to this world once only, then make an end of suffering. This person, too, is exempt from hell, the animal realm, and the ghost realm. They’re exempt from places of loss, bad places, the underworld.
इध पन, महानाम, एकच्चो पुग्गलो बुद्धे अवेच्चप्पसादेन समन्नागतो होति—इतिपि सो भगवा …पे… सत्था देवमनुस्सानं बुद्धो भगवाति; धम्मे …पे… सङ्घे …पे… न हासपञ्ञो न जवनपञ्ञो न च विमुत्तिया समन्नागतो। सो तिण्णं संयोजनानं परिक्खया सोतापन्नो होति अविनिपातधम्मो नियतो सम्बोधिपरायणोति। अयम्पि खो, महानाम, पुग्गलो परिमुत्तो निरया परिमुत्तो तिरच्छानयोनिया परिमुत्तो पेत्तिविसया परिमुत्तो अपायदुग्गतिविनिपाता।
Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti—itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavāti; dhamme …pe… saṅghe …pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. So tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇoti. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo parimutto nirayā parimutto tiracchānayoniyā parimutto pettivisayā parimutto apāyaduggativinipātā.
Take another person who has experiential confidence in the Buddha … the teaching … the Saṅgha … But they don’t have laughing wisdom or swift wisdom, nor are they endowed with freedom. With the ending of three fetters they’re a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening. This person, too, is exempt from hell, the animal realm, and the ghost realm. They’re exempt from places of loss, bad places, the underworld.
इध पन, महानाम, एकच्चो पुग्गलो न हेव खो बुद्धे अवेच्चप्पसादेन समन्नागतो होति … न धम्मे …पे… न सङ्घे …पे… न हासपञ्ञो न जवनपञ्ञो न च विमुत्तिया समन्नागतो। अपि चस्स इमे धम्मा होन्ति—सद्धिन्द्रियं, वीरियिन्द्रियं, सतिन्द्रियं, समाधिन्द्रियं, पञ्ञिन्द्रियं। तथागतप्पवेदिता चस्स धम्मा पञ्ञाय मत्तसो निज्झानं खमन्ति। अयम्पि खो, महानाम, पुग्गलो अगन्ता निरयं अगन्ता तिरच्छानयोनिं अगन्ता पेत्तिविसयं अगन्ता अपायं दुग्गतिं विनिपातं।
Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo na heva kho buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti … na dhamme …pe… na saṅghe …pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato. Api cassa ime dhammā honti—saddhindriyaṁ, vīriyindriyaṁ, satindriyaṁ, samādhindriyaṁ, paññindriyaṁ. Tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya mattaso nijjhānaṁ khamanti. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo agantā nirayaṁ agantā tiracchānayoniṁ agantā pettivisayaṁ agantā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ.
Take another person who doesn’t have experiential confidence in the Buddha … the teaching … the Saṅgha … They don’t have laughing wisdom or swift wisdom, nor are they endowed with freedom. Still, they have these qualities: the faculties of faith, energy, mindfulness, immersion, and wisdom. And they accept the principles proclaimed by the Realized One after considering them with a degree of wisdom. This person, too, doesn’t go to hell, the animal realm, and the ghost realm. They don’t go to places of loss, bad places, the underworld.
इध पन, महानाम, एकच्चो पुग्गलो न हेव खो बुद्धे अवेच्चप्पसादेन समन्नागतो होति … न धम्मे …पे… न सङ्घे …पे… न हासपञ्ञो न जवनपञ्ञो न च विमुत्तिया समन्नागतो, अपि चस्स इमे धम्मा होन्ति सद्धिन्द्रियं …पे… पञ्ञिन्द्रियं। तथागते चस्स सद्धामत्तं होति पेममत्तं। अयम्पि खो, महानाम, पुग्गलो अगन्ता निरयं अगन्ता तिरच्छानयोनिं अगन्ता पेत्तिविसयं अगन्ता अपायं दुग्गतिं विनिपातं।
Idha pana, mahānāma, ekacco puggalo na heva kho buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti … na dhamme …pe… na saṅghe …pe… na hāsapañño na javanapañño na ca vimuttiyā samannāgato, api cassa ime dhammā honti saddhindriyaṁ …pe… paññindriyaṁ. Tathāgate cassa saddhāmattaṁ hoti pemamattaṁ. Ayampi kho, mahānāma, puggalo agantā nirayaṁ agantā tiracchānayoniṁ agantā pettivisayaṁ agantā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ.
Take another person who doesn’t have experiential confidence in the Buddha … the teaching … the Saṅgha … They don’t have laughing wisdom or swift wisdom, nor are they endowed with freedom. Still, they have these qualities: the faculties of faith, energy, mindfulness, immersion, and wisdom. And they have a degree of faith and love for the Buddha. This person, too, doesn’t go to hell, the animal realm, and the ghost realm. They don’t go to places of loss, bad places, the underworld.
इमे चेपि, महानाम, महासाला सुभासितं दुब्भासितं आजानेय्युं, इमे चाहं महासाले ब्याकरेय्यं: ‘सोतापन्ना अविनिपातधम्मा नियता सम्बोधिपरायणाऽति; किमङ्गं पन सरणानिं सक्कं। सरणानि, महानाम, सक्को मरणकाले सिक्खं समादियी”ति।
Ime cepi, mahānāma, mahāsālā subhāsitaṁ dubbhāsitaṁ ājāneyyuṁ, ime cāhaṁ3 mahāsāle byākareyyaṁ: ‘sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’ti; kimaṅgaṁ4 pana saraṇāniṁ sakkaṁ. Saraṇāni, mahānāma, sakko maraṇakāle sikkhaṁ samādiyī”ti.
If these great sal trees could understand what was well said and poorly said, I’d declare them to be stream-enterers. Why can’t this apply to Sarakāni? Mahānāma, Sarakāni the Sakyan undertook the training at the time of his death.”
चतुत्थं।
Catutthaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Saṁyutta Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
