3. Tatiyanibbānapaṭisaṃyuttasuttavaṇṇanā

73. Tatiye atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvāti tadā kira bhagavatā anekapariyāyena saṃsārassa ādīnavaṃ pakāsetvā sandassanādivasena nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammadesanāya katāya tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ saṃsāro bhagavatā avijjādīhi kāraṇehi sahetuko pakāsito, nibbānassa pana tadupasamassa na kiñci kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ, tayidaṃ ahetukaṃ, kathaṃ saccikaṭṭhaparamatthena upalabbhatī’’ti. Atha bhagavā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etaṃ yathāvuttaṃ parivitakkasaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vimatividhamanatthañceva idha samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ ‘‘nibbānaṃ nibbānanti vācāvatthumattameva, natthi hi paramatthato nibbānaṃ nāma anupalabbhamānasabhāvattā’’ti lokāyatikādayo viya vippaṭipannānaṃ bahiddhā ca puthudiṭṭhigatikānaṃ micchāvādabhañjanatthañca imaṃ amatamahānibbānassa paramatthato atthibhāvadīpanaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhatanti sabbānipi padāni aññamaññavevacanāni. Atha vā vedanādayo viya hetupaccayasamavāyasaṅkhātāya kāraṇasāmaggiyā na jātaṃ na nibbattanti ajātaṃ, kāraṇena vinā, sayameva vā na bhūtaṃ na pātubhūtaṃ na uppannanti abhūtaṃ, evaṃ ajātattā abhūtattā ca yena kenaci kāraṇena na katanti akataṃ, jātabhūtakatasabhāvo ca nāmarūpānaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ hoti, na asaṅkhatasabhāvassa nibbānassāti dassanatthaṃ asaṅkhatanti vuttaṃ. Paṭilomato vā samecca sambhūya paccayehi katanti saṅkhataṃ, tathā na saṅkhataṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇarahitanti asaṅkhatanti. Evaṃ anekehi kāraṇehi nibbattitabhāve paṭisiddhe ‘‘siyā nu kho ekeneva kāraṇena kata’’nti āsaṅkāya ‘‘na yena kenaci kata’’nti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘akata’’nti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ apaccayampi samānaṃ ‘‘sayameva nu kho idaṃ bhūtaṃ pātubhūta’’nti āsaṅkāya tannivattanatthaṃ ‘‘abhūta’’nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ayañcetassa asaṅkhatākatābhūtabhāvo sabbena sabbaṃ ajātidhammattā’’ti dassetuṃ ‘‘ajāta’’nti vuttaṃ. Evametesaṃ catunnampi padānaṃ sātthakabhāvaṃ viditvā ‘‘tayidaṃ nibbānaṃ atthi, bhikkhave’’ti paramatthato nibbānassa atthibhāvo pakāsitoti veditabbo. Ettha udānentena bhagavatā, ‘‘bhikkhave’’ti ālapane kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

Iti satthā ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti vatvā tattha hetuṃ dassento ‘‘no cetaṃ, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha. Tassāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – bhikkhave, yadi ajātādisabhāvā asaṅkhatā dhātu na abhavissa na siyā, idha loke jātādisabhāvassa rūpādikkhandhapañcakasaṅkhātassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ anavasesavūpasamo na paññāyeyya na upalabbheyya na sambhaveyya. Nibbānañhi ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānā sammādiṭṭhiādayo ariyamaggadhammā anavasesakilese samucchindanti. Tenettha sabbassapi vaṭṭadukkhassa appavatti apagamo nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati.

Evaṃ byatirekavasena nibbānassa atthibhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni anvayavasenapi taṃ dassetuṃ, ‘‘yasmā ca kho’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ vuttatthameva. Ettha ca yasmā ‘‘apaccayā dhammā, asaṅkhatā dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7, 8), atthi, bhikkhave, tadāyatanaṃ, yattha neva pathavī (udā. 71), idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo (mahāva. 8; ma. ni. 1.281; 2.337), asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi asaṅkhatagāminiñca paṭipada’’ntiādīhi (saṃ. ni. 4.366-367) anekehi suttapadehi, ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajāta’’nti imināpi ca suttena nibbānadhātuyā paramatthato sambhavo sabbalokaṃ anukampamānena sammāsambuddhena desito, tasmā yadipi tattha apaccakkhakārīnampi viññūnaṃ kaṅkhā vā vimati vā natthiyeva. Ye pana paraneyyabuddhino puggalā, tesaṃ vimativinodanatthaṃ ayamettha adhippāyaniddhāraṇamukhena yuttivicāraṇā – yathā pariññeyyatāya sauttarānaṃ kāmānaṃ rūpādīnañca paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tabbidhurasabhāvaṃ nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ taṃsabhāvānaṃ sabbesampi saṅkhatadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtena tabbidhurasabhāvena nissaraṇena bhavitabbaṃ. Yañcetaṃ nissaraṇaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Kiñca bhiyyo saṅkhatadhammārammaṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ api anulomañāṇaṃ kilese samucchedavasena pajahituṃ na sakkoti. Tathā sammutisaccārammaṇaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu ñāṇaṃ vikkhambhanavaseneva kilese pajahati, na samucchedavasena. Iti saṅkhatadhammārammaṇassa sammutisaccārammaṇassa ca ñāṇassa kilesānaṃ samucchedappahāne asamatthabhāvato tesaṃ samucchedappahānakarassa ariyamaggañāṇassa tadubhayaviparītasabhāvena ārammaṇena bhavitabbaṃ , sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Tathā ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti idaṃ nibbānapadassa paramatthato atthibhāvajotakaṃ vacanaṃ aviparītatthaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitattā. Yañhi bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, taṃ aviparītatthaṃ paramatthaṃ yathā taṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti (a. ni. 3.137; mahāni. 27), tathā nibbānasaddo katthaci visaye yathābhūtaparamatthavisayo upacāramattavuttisabbhāvato seyyathāpi sīhasaddo. Atha vā attheva paramatthato asaṅkhatā dhātu, itaratabbiparītavinimuttasabhāvattā seyyathāpi pathavīdhātu vedanāti. Evamādīhi nayehi yuttitopi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā paramatthato atthibhāvo veditabbo.

Tatiyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.