| Tipiṭaka / Tipiṭaka (English) / Majjhima Nikāya, English translation |
मज्झिम निकाय २२
Majjhima Nikāya 22
The Middle-Length Suttas Collection 22
अलगद्दूपमसुत्त
Alagaddūpamasutta
The Simile of the Snake
एवं मे सुतं—एकं समयं भगवा सावत्थियं विहरति जेतवने अनाथपिण्डिकस्स आरामे।
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
तेन खो पन समयेन अरिट्ठस्स नाम भिक्खुनो गद्धबाधिपुब्बस्स एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं होति: “तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायाया”ति।
Tena kho pana samayena ariṭṭhassa nāma bhikkhuno gaddhabādhipubbassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti: “tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.
Now at that time a bhikkhu called Ariṭṭha, who had previously been a vulture trapper, had the following harmful misconception: “As I understand the Buddha’s teachings, the acts that he says are obstructions are not really obstructions for the one who performs them.”
अस्सोसुं खो सम्बहुला भिक्खू: “अरिट्ठस्स किर नाम भिक्खुनो गद्धबाधिपुब्बस्स एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं: ‘तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽ”ति। अथ खो ते भिक्खू येन अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु; उपसङ्कमित्वा अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतदवोचुं: “सच्चं किर ते, आवुसो अरिट्ठ, एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं: ‘तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽ”ति।
Assosuṁ kho sambahulā bhikkhū: “ariṭṭhassa kira nāma bhikkhuno gaddhabādhipubbassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ: ‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū yena ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etadavocuṁ: “saccaṁ kira te, āvuso ariṭṭha, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ: ‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.
Several bhikkhus heard about this. They went up to Ariṭṭha and said to him, “Is it really true, Friend Ariṭṭha, that you have such a harmful misconception: ‘As I understand the Buddha’s teachings, the acts that he says are obstructions are not really obstructions for the one who performs them’?”
“एवं ब्या खो अहं, आवुसो, भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायाया”ति।
“Evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, āvuso, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.
“Absolutely, friends. As I understand the Buddha’s teachings, the acts that he says are obstructions are not really obstructions for the one who performs them.”
अथ खो तेपि भिक्खू अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतस्मा पापका दिट्ठिगता विवेचेतुकामा समनुयुञ्जन्ति समनुगाहन्ति समनुभासन्ति: “मा हेवं, आवुसो अरिट्ठ, अवच, मा भगवन्तं अब्भाचिक्खि; न हि साधु भगवतो अब्भक्खानं, न हि भगवा एवं वदेय्य। अनेकपरियायेनावुसो अरिट्ठ, अन्तरायिका धम्मा अन्तरायिका वुत्ता भगवता, अलञ्च पन ते पटिसेवतो अन्तरायाय। अप्पस्सादा कामा वुत्ता भगवता बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अट्ठिकङ्कलूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … मंसपेसूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … तिणुक्कूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … अङ्गारकासूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … सुपिनकूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … याचितकूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … रुक्खफलूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … असिसूनूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … सत्तिसूलूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता … सप्पसिरूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो”ति।
Atha kho tepi bhikkhū ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetukāmā samanuyuñjanti samanugāhanti1 samanubhāsanti: “mā hevaṁ, āvuso ariṭṭha, avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi; na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. Anekapariyāyenāvuso ariṭṭha, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā, alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya. Appassādā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … maṁsapesūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … tiṇukkūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … supinakūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … yācitakūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … rukkhaphalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … asisūnūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … sattisūlūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā … sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo”ti.
Then, wishing to dissuade Ariṭṭha from his view, the bhikkhus pursued, pressed, and grilled him, “Don’t say that, Ariṭṭha! Don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for misrepresentation of the Buddha is not good. And the Buddha would not say that. In many ways the Buddha has said that obstructive acts are obstructive, and that they really do obstruct the one who performs them. The Buddha says that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks. With the similes of a skeleton … a lump of meat … a grass torch … a pit of glowing coals … a dream … borrowed goods … fruit on a tree … a butcher’s knife and chopping block … a staking sword … a snake’s head, the Buddha says that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks.”
एवम्पि खो अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो तेहि भिक्खूहि समनुयुञ्जियमानो समनुगाहियमानो समनुभासियमानो तदेव पापकं दिट्ठिगतं थामसा परामासा अभिनिविस्स वोहरति: “एवं ब्या खो अहं, आवुसो, भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायाया”ति।
Evampi kho ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo tehi bhikkhūhi samanuyuñjiyamāno samanugāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno tadeva pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati: “evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, āvuso, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.
But even though the bhikkhus pursued, pressed, and grilled him in this way, Ariṭṭha obstinately stuck to his misconception and insisted on stating it.
यतो खो ते भिक्खू नासक्खिंसु अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतस्मा पापका दिट्ठिगता विवेचेतुं, अथ खो ते भिक्खू येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमिंसु; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदिंसु। एकमन्तं निसिन्ना खो ते भिक्खू भगवन्तं एतदवोचुं: “अरिट्ठस्स नाम, भन्ते, भिक्खुनो गद्धबाधिपुब्बस्स एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं: ‘तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽति। अस्सुम्ह खो मयं, भन्ते: ‘अरिट्ठस्स किर नाम भिक्खुनो गद्धबाधिपुब्बस्स एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं—तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽति।
Yato kho te bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetuṁ, atha kho te bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ: “ariṭṭhassa nāma, bhante, bhikkhuno gaddhabādhipubbassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ: ‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti. Assumha kho mayaṁ, bhante: ‘ariṭṭhassa kira nāma bhikkhuno gaddhabādhipubbassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti.
When they weren’t able to dissuade Ariṭṭha from his view, the bhikkhus went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.
अथ खो मयं, भन्ते, येन अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो तेनुपसङ्कमिम्ह; उपसङ्कमित्वा अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतदवोचुम्ह: ‘सच्चं किर ते, आवुसो अरिट्ठ, एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं—तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽति?
Atha kho mayaṁ, bhante, yena ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etadavocumha: ‘saccaṁ kira te, āvuso ariṭṭha, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti?
एवं वुत्ते, भन्ते, अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो अम्हे एतदवोच: ‘एवं ब्या खो अहं, आवुसो, भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽति। अथ खो मयं, भन्ते, अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतस्मा पापका दिट्ठिगता विवेचेतुकामा समनुयुञ्जिम्ह समनुगाहिम्ह समनुभासिम्ह: ‘मा हेवं, आवुसो अरिट्ठ, अवच, मा भगवन्तं अब्भाचिक्खि; न हि साधु भगवतो अब्भक्खानं, न हि भगवा एवं वदेय्य। अनेकपरियायेनावुसो अरिट्ठ, अन्तरायिका धम्मा अन्तरायिका वुत्ता भगवता, अलञ्च पन ते पटिसेवतो अन्तरायाय। अप्पस्सादा कामा वुत्ता भगवता बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अट्ठिकङ्कलूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता …पे… सप्पसिरूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्योऽति।
Evaṁ vutte, bhante, ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo amhe etadavoca: ‘evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, āvuso, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti. Atha kho mayaṁ, bhante, ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetukāmā samanuyuñjimha samanugāhimha samanubhāsimha: ‘mā hevaṁ, āvuso ariṭṭha, avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi; na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. Anekapariyāyenāvuso ariṭṭha, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā, alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya. Appassādā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā …pe… sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti.
एवम्पि खो, भन्ते, अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो अम्हेहि समनुयुञ्जियमानो समनुगाहियमानो समनुभासियमानो तदेव पापकं दिट्ठिगतं थामसा परामासा अभिनिविस्स वोहरति: ‘एवं ब्या खो अहं, आवुसो, भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽति। यतो खो मयं, भन्ते, नासक्खिम्ह अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतस्मा पापका दिट्ठिगता विवेचेतुं, अथ मयं एतमत्थं भगवतो आरोचेमा”ति।
Evampi kho, bhante, ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo amhehi samanuyuñjiyamāno samanugāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno tadeva pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati: ‘evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, āvuso, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti. Yato kho mayaṁ, bhante, nāsakkhimha ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetuṁ, atha mayaṁ etamatthaṁ bhagavato ārocemā”ti.
अथ खो भगवा अञ्ञतरं भिक्खुं आमन्तेसि: “एहि त्वं, भिक्खु, मम वचनेन अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं आमन्तेहि: ‘सत्था तं, आवुसो अरिट्ठ, आमन्तेतीऽ”ति।
Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṁ bhikkhuṁ āmantesi: “ehi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ āmantehi: ‘satthā taṁ, āvuso ariṭṭha, āmantetī’”ti.
So the Buddha addressed a certain monk, “Please, monk, in my name tell the bhikkhu Ariṭṭha, formerly a vulture trapper, that the teacher summons him.”
“एवं, भन्ते”ति खो सो भिक्खु भगवतो पटिस्सुत्वा, येन अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो तेनुपसङ्कमि; उपसङ्कमित्वा अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतदवोच: “सत्था तं, आवुसो अरिट्ठ, आमन्तेती”ति।
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā, yena ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etadavoca: “satthā taṁ, āvuso ariṭṭha, āmantetī”ti.
“Yes, sir,” that monk replied. He went to Ariṭṭha and said to him, “Friend Ariṭṭha, the teacher summons you.”
“एवमावुसो”ति खो अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो तस्स भिक्खुनो पटिस्सुत्वा येन भगवा तेनुपसङ्कमि; उपसङ्कमित्वा भगवन्तं अभिवादेत्वा एकमन्तं निसीदि। एकमन्तं निसिन्नं खो अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं भगवा एतदवोच:
“Evamāvuso”ti kho ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ bhagavā etadavoca:
“Yes, friend,” Ariṭṭha replied. He went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him,
“सच्चं किर ते, अरिट्ठ, एवरूपं पापकं दिट्ठिगतं उप्पन्नं: ‘तथाहं भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽ”ति?
“saccaṁ kira te, ariṭṭha, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ: ‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti?
“Is it really true, Ariṭṭha, that you have such a harmful misconception: ‘As I understand the Buddha’s teachings, the acts that he says are obstructions are not really obstructions for the one who performs them’?”
“एवं ब्या खो अहं, भन्ते, भगवता धम्मं देसितं आजानामि: ‘यथा येमे अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता भगवता ते पटिसेवतो नालं अन्तरायायाऽ”ति।
“Evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi: ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.
“Absolutely, sir. As I understand the Buddha’s teachings, the acts that he says are obstructions are not really obstructions for the one who performs them.”
“कस्स खो नाम त्वं, मोघपुरिस, मया एवं धम्मं देसितं आजानासि? ननु मया, मोघपुरिस, अनेकपरियायेन अन्तरायिका धम्मा अन्तरायिका वुत्ता? अलञ्च पन ते पटिसेवतो अन्तरायाय। अप्पस्सादा कामा वुत्ता मया, बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अट्ठिकङ्कलूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … मंसपेसूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … तिणुक्कूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … अङ्गारकासूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … सुपिनकूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … याचितकूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … रुक्खफलूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … असिसूनूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … सत्तिसूलूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया … सप्पसिरूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया, बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अथ च पन त्वं, मोघपुरिस, अत्तना दुग्गहितेन अम्हे चेव अब्भाचिक्खसि, अत्तानञ्च खनसि, बहुञ्च अपुञ्ञं पसवसि। तञ्हि ते, मोघपुरिस, भविस्सति दीघरत्तं अहिताय दुक्खाया”ति।
“Kassa kho nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, mayā evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāsi? Nanu mayā, moghapurisa, anekapariyāyena antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā? Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya. Appassādā kāmā vuttā mayā, bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … maṁsapesūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … tiṇukkūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … supinakūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … yācitakūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … rukkhaphalūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … asisūnūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … sattisūlūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā … sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā, bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Atha ca pana tvaṁ, moghapurisa, attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhasi, attānañca khanasi, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavasi. Tañhi te, moghapurisa, bhavissati dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.
“Silly man, who on earth have you ever known me to teach in that way? Haven’t I said in many ways that obstructive acts are obstructive, and that they really do obstruct the one who performs them? I’ve said that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks. With the similes of a skeleton … a lump of meat … a grass torch … a pit of glowing coals … a dream … borrowed goods … fruit on a tree … a butcher’s knife and chopping block … a staking sword … a snake’s head, I’ve said that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks. But still you misrepresent me by your wrong grasp, harm yourself, and make much bad karma. This will be for your lasting harm and suffering.”
अथ खो भगवा भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “तं किं मञ्ञथ, भिक्खवे, अपि नायं अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो उस्मीकतोपि इमस्मिं धम्मविनये”ति?
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nāyaṁ ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo usmīkatopi imasmiṁ dhammavinaye”ti?
Then the Buddha said to the bhikkhus, “What do you think, bhikkhus? Has this bhikkhu Ariṭṭha kindled even a spark of wisdom in this teaching and training?”
“किञ्हि सिया, भन्ते; नो हेतं, भन्ते”ति। एवं वुत्ते, अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो तुण्हीभूतो मङ्कुभूतो पत्तक्खन्धो अधोमुखो पज्झायन्तो अप्पटिभानो निसीदि।
“Kiñhi2 siyā, bhante; no hetaṁ, bhante”ti. Evaṁ vutte, ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdi.
“How could that be, sir? No, sir.” When this was said, Ariṭṭha sat silent, dismayed, shoulders drooping, downcast, depressed, with nothing to say.
अथ खो भगवा अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं तुण्हीभूतं मङ्कुभूतं पत्तक्खन्धं अधोमुखं पज्झायन्तं अप्पटिभानं विदित्वा अरिट्ठं भिक्खुं गद्धबाधिपुब्बं एतदवोच: “पञ्ञायिस्ससि खो त्वं, मोघपुरिस, एतेन सकेन पापकेन दिट्ठिगतेन। इधाहं भिक्खू पटिपुच्छिस्सामी”ति।
Atha kho bhagavā ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ tuṇhībhūtaṁ maṅkubhūtaṁ pattakkhandhaṁ adhomukhaṁ pajjhāyantaṁ appaṭibhānaṁ viditvā ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ etadavoca: “paññāyissasi kho tvaṁ, moghapurisa, etena sakena pāpakena diṭṭhigatena. Idhāhaṁ bhikkhū paṭipucchissāmī”ti.
Knowing this, the Buddha said, “Silly man, you will be known by your own harmful misconception. I’ll question the bhikkhus about this.”
अथ खो भगवा भिक्खू आमन्तेसि: “तुम्हेपि मे, भिक्खवे, एवं धम्मं देसितं आजानाथ यथायं अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो अत्तना दुग्गहितेन अम्हे चेव अब्भाचिक्खति, अत्तानञ्च खनति, बहुञ्च अपुञ्ञं पसवती”ति?
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “tumhepi me, bhikkhave, evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānātha yathāyaṁ ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhati, attānañca khanati, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavatī”ti?
Then the Buddha said to the bhikkhus, “Bhikkhus, do you understand my teachings as Ariṭṭha does, when he misrepresents me by his wrong grasp, harms himself, and makes much bad karma?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते। अनेकपरियायेन हि नो, भन्ते, अन्तरायिका धम्मा अन्तरायिका वुत्ता भगवता; अलञ्च पन ते पटिसेवतो अन्तरायाय। अप्पस्सादा कामा वुत्ता भगवता बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अट्ठिकङ्कलूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता …पे… सप्पसिरूपमा कामा वुत्ता भगवता बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो”ति।
“No hetaṁ, bhante. Anekapariyāyena hi no, bhante, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā; alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya. Appassādā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā …pe… sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo”ti.
“No, sir. For in many ways the Buddha has said that obstructive acts are obstructive, and that they really do obstruct the one who performs them. The Buddha has said that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks. With the similes of a skeleton … a snake’s head, the Buddha has said that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks.”
“साधु साधु, भिक्खवे, साधु, खो मे तुम्हे, भिक्खवे, एवं धम्मं देसितं आजानाथ। अनेकपरियायेन हि खो, भिक्खवे, अन्तरायिका धम्मा वुत्ता मया, अलञ्च पन ते पटिसेवतो अन्तरायाय।
“Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave, sādhu, kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānātha. Anekapariyāyena hi kho, bhikkhave, antarāyikā dhammā vuttā mayā, alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya.
“Good, good, bhikkhus! It’s good that you understand my teaching like this. For in many ways I have said that obstructive acts are obstructive …
अप्पस्सादा कामा वुत्ता मया, बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अट्ठिकङ्कलूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया …पे… सप्पसिरूपमा कामा वुत्ता मया, बहुदुक्खा बहुपायासा, आदीनवो एत्थ भिय्यो। अथ च पनायं अरिट्ठो भिक्खु गद्धबाधिपुब्बो अत्तना दुग्गहितेन अम्हे चेव अब्भाचिक्खति, अत्तानञ्च खनति, बहुञ्च अपुञ्ञं पसवति। तञ्हि तस्स मोघपुरिसस्स भविस्सति दीघरत्तं अहिताय दुक्खाय। सो वत, भिक्खवे, अञ्ञत्रेव कामेहि अञ्ञत्र कामसञ्ञाय अञ्ञत्र कामवितक्केहि कामे पटिसेविस्सतीति—नेतं ठानं विज्जति।
Appassādā kāmā vuttā mayā, bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā …pe… sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā, bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Atha ca panāyaṁ ariṭṭho bhikkhu gaddhabādhipubbo attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhati, attānañca khanati, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati. Tañhi tassa moghapurisassa bhavissati dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya. So vata, bhikkhave, aññatreva kāmehi aññatra kāmasaññāya aññatra kāmavitakkehi kāme paṭisevissatīti—netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
I’ve said that sensual pleasures give little gratification and much suffering and distress, and they are all the more full of drawbacks. But still this Ariṭṭha misrepresents me by his wrong grasp, harms himself, and makes much bad karma. This will be for his lasting harm and suffering. Truly, bhikkhus, it’s quite impossible to perform sensual acts without sensual pleasures, sensual perceptions, and sensual thoughts.
इध, भिक्खवे, एकच्चे मोघपुरिसा धम्मं परियापुणन्ति—सुत्तं, गेय्यं, वेय्याकरणं, गाथं, उदानं, इतिवुत्तकं, जातकं, अब्भुतधम्मं, वेदल्लं। ते तं धम्मं परियापुणित्वा तेसं धम्मानं पञ्ञाय अत्थं न उपपरिक्खन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा पञ्ञाय अत्थं अनुपपरिक्खतं न निज्झानं खमन्ति। ते उपारम्भानिसंसा चेव धम्मं परियापुणन्ति इतिवादप्पमोक्खानिसंसा च। यस्स चत्थाय धम्मं परियापुणन्ति तञ्चस्स अत्थं नानुभोन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा दुग्गहिता दीघरत्तं अहिताय दुक्खाय संवत्तन्ति। तं किस्स हेतु? दुग्गहितत्ता, भिक्खवे, धम्मानं।
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacce moghapurisā dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti—suttaṁ, geyyaṁ, veyyākaraṇaṁ, gāthaṁ, udānaṁ, itivuttakaṁ, jātakaṁ, abbhutadhammaṁ, vedallaṁ. Te taṁ dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṁ dhammānaṁ paññāya atthaṁ na upaparikkhanti. Tesaṁ te dhammā paññāya atthaṁ anupaparikkhataṁ na nijjhānaṁ khamanti. Te upārambhānisaṁsā ceva dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti itivādappamokkhānisaṁsā ca. Yassa catthāya dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti tañcassa atthaṁ nānubhonti. Tesaṁ te dhammā duggahitā dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya saṁvattanti. Taṁ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammānaṁ.
Take a foolish person who memorizes the teaching—statements, songs, discussions, verses, inspired exclamations, legends, stories of past lives, amazing stories, and classifications. But they don’t examine the meaning of those teachings with wisdom, and so don’t come to a considered acceptance of them. They just memorize the teaching for the sake of finding fault and winning debates. They don’t realize the goal for which they memorized them. Because they’re wrongly grasped, those teachings lead to their lasting harm and suffering. Why is that? Because of their wrong grasp of the teachings.
सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, पुरिसो अलगद्दत्थिको अलगद्दगवेसी अलगद्दपरियेसनं चरमानो। सो पस्सेय्य महन्तं अलगद्दं। तमेनं भोगे वा नङ्गुट्ठे वा गण्हेय्य। तस्स सो अलगद्दो पटिपरिवत्तित्वा हत्थे वा बाहाय वा अञ्ञतरस्मिं वा अङ्गपच्चङ्गे डंसेय्य। सो ततोनिदानं मरणं वा निगच्छेय्य मरणमत्तं वा दुक्खं। तं किस्स हेतु? दुग्गहितत्ता, भिक्खवे, अलगद्दस्स।
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso alagaddatthiko alagaddagavesī alagaddapariyesanaṁ caramāno. So passeyya mahantaṁ alagaddaṁ. Tamenaṁ bhoge vā naṅguṭṭhe vā gaṇheyya. Tassa so alagaddo paṭiparivattitvā hatthe vā bāhāya vā aññatarasmiṁ vā aṅgapaccaṅge ḍaṁseyya. So tatonidānaṁ maraṇaṁ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṁ vā dukkhaṁ. Taṁ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, alagaddassa.
Suppose there was a person in need of a snake. And while wandering in search of a snake they’d see a big snake, and grasp it by the coil or the tail. But that snake would twist back and bite them on the hand or the arm or limb, resulting in death or deadly pain. Why is that? Because of their wrong grasp of the snake.
एवमेव खो, भिक्खवे, इधेकच्चे मोघपुरिसा धम्मं परियापुणन्ति—सुत्तं, गेय्यं, वेय्याकरणं, गाथं, उदानं, इतिवुत्तकं, जातकं, अब्भुतधम्मं, वेदल्लं। ते तं धम्मं परियापुणित्वा तेसं धम्मानं पञ्ञाय अत्थं न उपपरिक्खन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा पञ्ञाय अत्थं अनुपपरिक्खतं न निज्झानं खमन्ति। ते उपारम्भानिसंसा चेव धम्मं परियापुणन्ति इतिवादप्पमोक्खानिसंसा च। यस्स चत्थाय धम्मं परियापुणन्ति तञ्चस्स अत्थं नानुभोन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा दुग्गहिता दीघरत्तं अहिताय दुक्खाय संवत्तन्ति। तं किस्स हेतु? दुग्गहितत्ता, भिक्खवे, धम्मानं।
Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacce moghapurisā dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti—suttaṁ, geyyaṁ, veyyākaraṇaṁ, gāthaṁ, udānaṁ, itivuttakaṁ, jātakaṁ, abbhutadhammaṁ, vedallaṁ. Te taṁ dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṁ dhammānaṁ paññāya atthaṁ na upaparikkhanti. Tesaṁ te dhammā paññāya atthaṁ anupaparikkhataṁ na nijjhānaṁ khamanti. Te upārambhānisaṁsā ceva dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti itivādappamokkhānisaṁsā ca. Yassa catthāya dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti tañcassa atthaṁ nānubhonti. Tesaṁ te dhammā duggahitā dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya saṁvattanti. Taṁ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammānaṁ.
In the same way, a foolish person memorizes the teaching … and those teachings lead to their lasting harm and suffering. Why is that? Because of their wrong grasp of the teachings.
इध पन, भिक्खवे, एकच्चे कुलपुत्ता धम्मं परियापुणन्ति—सुत्तं, गेय्यं, वेय्याकरणं, गाथं, उदानं, इतिवुत्तकं, जातकं, अब्भुतधम्मं, वेदल्लं। ते तं धम्मं परियापुणित्वा तेसं धम्मानं पञ्ञाय अत्थं उपपरिक्खन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा पञ्ञाय अत्थं उपपरिक्खतं निज्झानं खमन्ति। ते न चेव उपारम्भानिसंसा धम्मं परियापुणन्ति न इतिवादप्पमोक्खानिसंसा च। यस्स चत्थाय धम्मं परियापुणन्ति तञ्चस्स अत्थं अनुभोन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा सुग्गहिता दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय संवत्तन्ति। तं किस्स हेतु? सुग्गहितत्ता भिक्खवे धम्मानं।
Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacce kulaputtā dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti—suttaṁ, geyyaṁ, veyyākaraṇaṁ, gāthaṁ, udānaṁ, itivuttakaṁ, jātakaṁ, abbhutadhammaṁ, vedallaṁ. Te taṁ dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṁ dhammānaṁ paññāya atthaṁ upaparikkhanti. Tesaṁ te dhammā paññāya atthaṁ upaparikkhataṁ nijjhānaṁ khamanti. Te na ceva upārambhānisaṁsā dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti na itivādappamokkhānisaṁsā ca. Yassa catthāya dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti tañcassa atthaṁ anubhonti. Tesaṁ te dhammā suggahitā dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya saṁvattanti. Taṁ kissa hetu? Suggahitattā bhikkhave dhammānaṁ.
Now, take a gentleman who memorizes the teaching—statements, songs, discussions, verses, inspired exclamations, legends, stories of past lives, amazing stories, and classifications. And once he’s memorized them, he examines their meaning with wisdom, and comes to a considered acceptance of them. He doesn’t memorize the teaching for the sake of finding fault and winning debates. He realizes the goal for which he memorized them. Because they’re correctly grasped, those teachings lead to his lasting welfare and happiness. Why is that? Because of his correct grasp of the teachings.
सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, पुरिसो अलगद्दत्थिको अलगद्दगवेसी अलगद्दपरियेसनं चरमानो। सो पस्सेय्य महन्तं अलगद्दं। तमेनं अजपदेन दण्डेन सुनिग्गहितं निग्गण्हेय्य। अजपदेन दण्डेन सुनिग्गहितं निग्गहित्वा, गीवाय सुग्गहितं गण्हेय्य। किञ्चापि सो, भिक्खवे, अलगद्दो तस्स पुरिसस्स हत्थं वा बाहं वा अञ्ञतरं वा अङ्गपच्चङ्गं भोगेहि पलिवेठेय्य, अथ खो सो नेव ततोनिदानं मरणं वा निगच्छेय्य मरणमत्तं वा दुक्खं। तं किस्स हेतु? सुग्गहितत्ता, भिक्खवे, अलगद्दस्स।
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso alagaddatthiko alagaddagavesī alagaddapariyesanaṁ caramāno. So passeyya mahantaṁ alagaddaṁ. Tamenaṁ ajapadena daṇḍena suniggahitaṁ niggaṇheyya. Ajapadena daṇḍena suniggahitaṁ niggahitvā, gīvāya suggahitaṁ gaṇheyya. Kiñcāpi so, bhikkhave, alagaddo tassa purisassa hatthaṁ vā bāhaṁ vā aññataraṁ vā aṅgapaccaṅgaṁ bhogehi paliveṭheyya, atha kho so neva tatonidānaṁ maraṇaṁ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṁ vā dukkhaṁ. Taṁ kissa hetu? Suggahitattā, bhikkhave, alagaddassa.
Suppose there was a person in need of a snake. And while wandering in search of a snake they’d see a big snake, and hold it down carefully with a cleft stick. Only then would they correctly grasp it by the neck. And even though that snake might wrap its coils around that person’s hand or arm or some other limb, that wouldn’t result in death or deadly pain. Why is that? Because of their correct grasp of the snake.
एवमेव खो, भिक्खवे, इधेकच्चे कुलपुत्ता धम्मं परियापुणन्ति—सुत्तं, गेय्यं, वेय्याकरणं, गाथं, उदानं, इतिवुत्तकं, जातकं, अब्भुतधम्मं, वेदल्लं। ते तं धम्मं परियापुणित्वा तेसं धम्मानं पञ्ञाय अत्थं उपपरिक्खन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा पञ्ञाय अत्थं उपपरिक्खतं निज्झानं खमन्ति। ते न चेव उपारम्भानिसंसा धम्मं परियापुणन्ति, न इतिवादप्पमोक्खानिसंसा च। यस्स चत्थाय धम्मं परियापुणन्ति, तञ्चस्स अत्थं अनुभोन्ति। तेसं ते धम्मा सुग्गहिता दीघरत्तं अत्थाय हिताय सुखाय संवत्तन्ति। तं किस्स हेतु? सुग्गहितत्ता, भिक्खवे, धम्मानं।
Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacce kulaputtā dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti—suttaṁ, geyyaṁ, veyyākaraṇaṁ, gāthaṁ, udānaṁ, itivuttakaṁ, jātakaṁ, abbhutadhammaṁ, vedallaṁ. Te taṁ dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṁ dhammānaṁ paññāya atthaṁ upaparikkhanti. Tesaṁ te dhammā paññāya atthaṁ upaparikkhataṁ nijjhānaṁ khamanti. Te na ceva upārambhānisaṁsā dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti, na itivādappamokkhānisaṁsā ca. Yassa catthāya dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇanti, tañcassa atthaṁ anubhonti. Tesaṁ te dhammā suggahitā dīgharattaṁ atthāya hitāya sukhāya saṁvattanti. Taṁ kissa hetu? Suggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammānaṁ.
In the same way, a gentleman memorizes the teaching … and those teachings lead to his lasting welfare and happiness. Why is that? Because of his correct grasp of the teachings.
तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, यस्स मे भासितस्स अत्थं आजानेय्याथ, तथा नं धारेय्याथ। यस्स च पन मे भासितस्स अत्थं न आजानेय्याथ, अहं वो तत्थ पटिपुच्छितब्बो, ये वा पनास्सु वियत्ता भिक्खू।
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, yassa me bhāsitassa atthaṁ ājāneyyātha, tathā naṁ dhāreyyātha. Yassa ca pana me bhāsitassa atthaṁ na ājāneyyātha, ahaṁ vo tattha paṭipucchitabbo, ye vā panāssu viyattā bhikkhū.
So, bhikkhus, when you understand what I’ve said, you should remember it accordingly. But if I’ve said anything that you don’t understand, you should ask me about it, or some competent bhikkhus.
कुल्लूपमं वो, भिक्खवे, धम्मं देसेस्सामि नित्थरणत्थाय, नो गहणत्थाय। तं सुणाथ, साधुकं मनसिकरोथ, भासिस्सामी”ति।
Kullūpamaṁ vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṁ desessāmi nittharaṇatthāya, no gahaṇatthāya. Taṁ suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasikarotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.
Bhikkhus, I will teach you how the Dhamma is similar to a raft: it’s for crossing over, not for holding on. Listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”
“एवं, भन्ते”ति खो ते भिक्खू भगवतो पच्चस्सोसुं। भगवा एतदवोच:
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ. Bhagavā etadavoca:
“Yes, sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:
“सेय्यथापि, भिक्खवे, पुरिसो अद्धानमग्गप्पटिपन्नो। सो पस्सेय्य महन्तं उदकण्णवं, ओरिमं तीरं सासङ्कं सप्पटिभयं, पारिमं तीरं खेमं अप्पटिभयं; न चस्स नावा सन्तारणी उत्तरसेतु वा अपारा पारं गमनाय। तस्स एवमस्स: ‘अयं खो महाउदकण्णवो, ओरिमं तीरं सासङ्कं सप्पटिभयं, पारिमं तीरं खेमं अप्पटिभयं; नत्थि च नावा सन्तारणी उत्तरसेतु वा अपारा पारं गमनाय। यन्नूनाहं तिणकट्ठसाखापलासं सङ्कड्ढित्वा, कुल्लं बन्धित्वा, तं कुल्लं निस्साय हत्थेहि च पादेहि च वायममानो सोत्थिना पारं उत्तरेय्यन्ऽति। अथ खो सो, भिक्खवे, पुरिसो तिणकट्ठसाखापलासं सङ्कड्ढित्वा, कुल्लं बन्धित्वा तं कुल्लं निस्साय हत्थेहि च पादेहि च वायममानो सोत्थिना पारं उत्तरेय्य। तस्स पुरिसस्स उत्तिण्णस्स पारङ्गतस्स एवमस्स: ‘बहुकारो खो मे अयं कुल्लो; इमाहं कुल्लं निस्साय हत्थेहि च पादेहि च वायममानो सोत्थिना पारं उत्तिण्णो। यन्नूनाहं इमं कुल्लं सीसे वा आरोपेत्वा खन्धे वा उच्चारेत्वा येन कामं पक्कमेय्यन्ऽति।
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso addhānamaggappaṭipanno. So passeyya mahantaṁ udakaṇṇavaṁ, orimaṁ tīraṁ sāsaṅkaṁ sappaṭibhayaṁ, pārimaṁ tīraṁ khemaṁ appaṭibhayaṁ; na cassa nāvā santāraṇī uttarasetu vā apārā pāraṁ gamanāya. Tassa evamassa: ‘ayaṁ kho mahāudakaṇṇavo, orimaṁ tīraṁ sāsaṅkaṁ sappaṭibhayaṁ, pārimaṁ tīraṁ khemaṁ appaṭibhayaṁ; natthi ca nāvā santāraṇī uttarasetu vā apārā pāraṁ gamanāya. Yannūnāhaṁ tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṁ saṅkaḍḍhitvā, kullaṁ bandhitvā, taṁ kullaṁ nissāya hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamamāno sotthinā pāraṁ uttareyyan’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, puriso tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṁ saṅkaḍḍhitvā, kullaṁ bandhitvā taṁ kullaṁ nissāya hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamamāno sotthinā pāraṁ uttareyya. Tassa purisassa uttiṇṇassa3 pāraṅgatassa evamassa: ‘bahukāro kho me ayaṁ kullo; imāhaṁ kullaṁ nissāya hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamamāno sotthinā pāraṁ uttiṇṇo. Yannūnāhaṁ imaṁ kullaṁ sīse vā āropetvā khandhe vā uccāretvā4 yena kāmaṁ pakkameyyan’ti.
“Suppose there was a person traveling along the road. They’d see a large deluge, whose near shore was dubious and perilous, while the far shore was a sanctuary free of peril. But there was no ferryboat or bridge for crossing over. They’d think, ‘Why don’t I gather grass, sticks, branches, and leaves and make a raft? Riding on the raft, and paddling with my hands and feet, I can safely reach the far shore.’ And so they’d do exactly that. And when they’d crossed over to the far shore, they’d think, ‘This raft has been very helpful to me. Riding on the raft, and paddling with my hands and feet, I have safely crossed over to the far shore. Why don’t I hoist it on my head or pick it up on my shoulder and go wherever I want?’
तं किं मञ्ञथ, भिक्खवे, अपि नु सो पुरिसो एवङ्कारी तस्मिं कुल्ले किच्चकारी अस्सा”ति?
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu so puriso evaṅkārī tasmiṁ kulle kiccakārī assā”ti?
What do you think, bhikkhus? Would that person be doing what should be done with that raft?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”.
“No, sir.”
“कथङ्कारी च सो, भिक्खवे, पुरिसो तस्मिं कुल्ले किच्चकारी अस्स? इध, भिक्खवे, तस्स पुरिसस्स उत्तिण्णस्स पारङ्गतस्स एवमस्स: ‘बहुकारो खो मे अयं कुल्लो; इमाहं कुल्लं निस्साय हत्थेहि च पादेहि च वायममानो सोत्थिना पारं उत्तिण्णो। यन्नूनाहं इमं कुल्लं थले वा उस्सादेत्वा उदके वा ओपिलापेत्वा येन कामं पक्कमेय्यन्ऽति। एवङ्कारी खो सो, भिक्खवे, पुरिसो तस्मिं कुल्ले किच्चकारी अस्स।
“Kathaṅkārī ca so, bhikkhave, puriso tasmiṁ kulle kiccakārī assa? Idha, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa uttiṇṇassa pāraṅgatassa evamassa: ‘bahukāro kho me ayaṁ kullo; imāhaṁ kullaṁ nissāya hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamamāno sotthinā pāraṁ uttiṇṇo. Yannūnāhaṁ imaṁ kullaṁ thale vā ussādetvā5 udake vā opilāpetvā yena kāmaṁ pakkameyyan’ti. Evaṅkārī kho so, bhikkhave, puriso tasmiṁ kulle kiccakārī assa.
“And what, bhikkhus, should that person do with the raft? When they’d crossed over they should think, ‘This raft has been very helpful to me. … Why don’t I beach it on dry land or set it adrift on the water and go wherever I want?’ That’s what that person should do with the raft.
एवमेव खो, भिक्खवे, कुल्लूपमो मया धम्मो देसितो नित्थरणत्थाय, नो गहणत्थाय। कुल्लूपमं वो, भिक्खवे, धम्मं देसितं, आजानन्तेहि धम्मापि वो पहातब्बा पगेव अधम्मा।
Evameva kho, bhikkhave, kullūpamo mayā dhammo desito nittharaṇatthāya, no gahaṇatthāya. Kullūpamaṁ vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṁ desitaṁ, ājānantehi dhammāpi vo pahātabbā pageva adhammā.
In the same way, I have taught how the teaching is similar to a raft: it’s for crossing over, not for holding on. By understanding the simile of the raft, you will even give up the teachings, let alone what is against the teachings.
छयिमानि, भिक्खवे, दिट्ठिट्ठानानि। कतमानि छ? इध, भिक्खवे, अस्सुतवा पुथुज्जनो अरियानं अदस्सावी अरियधम्मस्स अकोविदो अरियधम्मे अविनीतो, सप्पुरिसानं अदस्सावी सप्पुरिसधम्मस्स अकोविदो सप्पुरिसधम्मे अविनीतो, रूपं ‘एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; वेदनं ‘एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; सञ्ञं ‘एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; सङ्खारे ‘एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; यम्पि तं दिट्ठं सुतं मुतं विञ्ञातं पत्तं परियेसितं, अनुविचरितं मनसा तम्पि ‘एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; यम्पि तं दिट्ठिट्ठानं—सो लोको सो अत्ता, सो पेच्च भविस्सामि निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव ठस्सामीति—तम्पि ‘एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति।
Chayimāni, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiṭṭhānāni. Katamāni cha? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṁ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṁ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto, rūpaṁ ‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati; vedanaṁ ‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati; saññaṁ ‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati; saṅkhāre ‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati; yampi taṁ diṭṭhaṁ sutaṁ mutaṁ viññātaṁ pattaṁ pariyesitaṁ, anuvicaritaṁ manasā tampi ‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati; yampi taṁ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṁ—so loko so attā, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva ṭhassāmīti—tampi ‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati.
Bhikkhus, there are these six grounds for views. What six? Take an unlearned ordinary person who has not seen the noble ones, and is neither skilled nor trained in the teaching of the noble ones. They’ve not seen good persons, and are neither skilled nor trained in the teaching of the good persons. They regard form like this: ‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self.’ They also regard feeling … perception … choices … whatever is seen, heard, thought, known, attained, sought, and explored by the mind like this: ‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self.’ And the same for this ground for views: ‘The self and the cosmos are one and the same. After death I will be permanent, everlasting, eternal, imperishable, and will last forever and ever.’ They also regard like this: ‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self.’
सुतवा च खो, भिक्खवे, अरियसावको अरियानं दस्सावी अरियधम्मस्स कोविदो अरियधम्मे सुविनीतो, सप्पुरिसानं दस्सावी सप्पुरिसधम्मस्स कोविदो सप्पुरिसधम्मे सुविनीतो, रूपं ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; वेदनं ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; सञ्ञं ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; सङ्खारे ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; यम्पि तं दिट्ठं सुतं मुतं विञ्ञातं पत्तं परियेसितं, अनुविचरितं मनसा, तम्पि ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति; यम्पि तं दिट्ठिट्ठानं—सो लोको सो अत्ता, सो पेच्च भविस्सामि निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव ठस्सामीति—तम्पि ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति समनुपस्सति।
Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyānaṁ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṁ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto, rūpaṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati; vedanaṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati; saññaṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati; saṅkhāre ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati; yampi taṁ diṭṭhaṁ sutaṁ mutaṁ viññātaṁ pattaṁ pariyesitaṁ, anuvicaritaṁ manasā, tampi ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati; yampi taṁ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṁ—so loko so attā, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva ṭhassāmīti—tampi ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati.
But a learned noble disciple has seen the noble ones, and is skilled and trained in the teaching of the noble ones. They’ve seen good persons, and are skilled and trained in the teaching of the good persons. They regard form like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’ They also regard feeling … perception … choices … whatever is seen, heard, thought, known, attained, sought, and explored by the mind like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’ And the same for this ground for views: ‘The self and the cosmos are one and the same. After death I will be permanent, everlasting, eternal, imperishable, and will last forever and ever.’ They also regard like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’
सो एवं समनुपस्सन्तो असति न परितस्सती”ति।
So evaṁ samanupassanto asati na paritassatī”ti.
Seeing in this way they’re not anxious about what doesn’t exist.”
एवं वुत्ते, अञ्ञतरो भिक्खु भगवन्तं एतदवोच: “सिया नु खो, भन्ते, बहिद्धा असति परितस्सना”ति?
Evaṁ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “siyā nu kho, bhante, bahiddhā asati paritassanā”ti?
When he said this, one of the bhikkhus asked the Buddha, “Sir, can there be anxiety about what doesn’t exist externally?”
“सिया, भिक्खू”ति—भगवा अवोच। “इध भिक्खु एकच्चस्स एवं होति: ‘अहु वत मे, तं वत मे नत्थि; सिया वत मे, तं वताहं न लभामीऽति। सो सोचति किलमति परिदेवति उरत्ताळिं कन्दति सम्मोहं आपज्जति। एवं खो, भिक्खु, बहिद्धा असति परितस्सना होती”ति।
“Siyā, bhikkhū”ti—bhagavā avoca. “Idha bhikkhu ekaccassa evaṁ hoti: ‘ahu vata me, taṁ vata me natthi; siyā vata me, taṁ vatāhaṁ na labhāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṁ kandati sammohaṁ āpajjati. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhu, bahiddhā asati paritassanā hotī”ti.
“There can, bhikkhu,” said the Buddha. “It’s when someone thinks, ‘Oh, but it used to be mine, and it is mine no more. Oh, but it could be mine, and I will get it no more.’ They sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. That’s how there is anxiety about what doesn’t exist externally.”
“सिया पन, भन्ते, बहिद्धा असति अपरितस्सना”ति?
“Siyā pana, bhante, bahiddhā asati aparitassanā”ti?
“But can there be no anxiety about what doesn’t exist externally?”
“सिया, भिक्खू”ति—भगवा अवोच। “इध भिक्खु एकच्चस्स न एवं होति: ‘अहु वत मे, तं वत मे नत्थि; सिया वत मे, तं वताहं न लभामीऽति। सो न सोचति न किलमति न परिदेवति न उरत्ताळिं कन्दति न सम्मोहं आपज्जति। एवं खो, भिक्खु, बहिद्धा असति अपरितस्सना होती”ति।
“Siyā, bhikkhū”ti—bhagavā avoca. “Idha bhikkhu ekaccassa na evaṁ hoti: ‘ahu vata me, taṁ vata me natthi; siyā vata me, taṁ vatāhaṁ na labhāmī’ti. So na socati na kilamati na paridevati na urattāḷiṁ kandati na sammohaṁ āpajjati. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhu, bahiddhā asati aparitassanā hotī”ti.
“There can, bhikkhu,” said the Buddha. “It’s when someone doesn’t think, ‘Oh, but it used to be mine, and it is mine no more. Oh, but it could be mine, and I will get it no more.’ They don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. That’s how there is no anxiety about what doesn’t exist externally.”
“सिया नु खो, भन्ते, अज्झत्तं असति परितस्सना”ति?
“Siyā nu kho, bhante, ajjhattaṁ asati paritassanā”ti?
“But can there be anxiety about what doesn’t exist internally?”
“सिया, भिक्खू”ति—भगवा अवोच। “इध, भिक्खु, एकच्चस्स एवं दिट्ठि होति: ‘सो लोको सो अत्ता, सो पेच्च भविस्सामि निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव ठस्सामीऽति। सो सुणाति तथागतस्स वा तथागतसावकस्स वा सब्बेसं दिट्ठिट्ठानाधिट्ठानपरियुट्ठानाभिनिवेसानुसयानं समुग्घाताय सब्बसङ्खारसमथाय सब्बूपधिपटिनिस्सग्गाय तण्हाक्खयाय विरागाय निरोधाय निब्बानाय धम्मं देसेन्तस्स। तस्स एवं होति: ‘उच्छिज्जिस्सामि नामस्सु, विनस्सिस्सामि नामस्सु, नस्सु नाम भविस्सामीऽति। सो सोचति किलमति परिदेवति उरत्ताळिं कन्दति सम्मोहं आपज्जति। एवं खो, भिक्खु, अज्झत्तं असति परितस्सना होती”ति।
“Siyā, bhikkhū”ti—bhagavā avoca. “Idha, bhikkhu, ekaccassa evaṁ diṭṭhi hoti: ‘so loko so attā, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva ṭhassāmī’ti. So suṇāti tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā sabbesaṁ diṭṭhiṭṭhānādhiṭṭhānapariyuṭṭhānābhinivesānusayānaṁ samugghātāya sabbasaṅkhārasamathāya sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggāya taṇhākkhayāya virāgāya nirodhāya nibbānāya dhammaṁ desentassa. Tassa evaṁ hoti: ‘ucchijjissāmi nāmassu, vinassissāmi nāmassu, nassu nāma bhavissāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṁ kandati sammohaṁ āpajjati. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhu, ajjhattaṁ asati paritassanā hotī”ti.
“There can, bhikkhu,” said the Buddha. “It’s when someone has such a view: ‘The self and the cosmos are one and the same. After death I will be permanent, everlasting, eternal, imperishable, and will last forever and ever.’ They hear the Realized One or their disciple teaching Dhamma for the uprooting of all grounds, fixations, obsessions, insistences, and underlying tendencies regarding views; for the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, Nibbana. They think, ‘Whoa, I’m going to be annihilated and destroyed! I won’t exist any more!’ They sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. That’s how there is anxiety about what doesn’t exist internally.”
“सिया पन, भन्ते, अज्झत्तं असति अपरितस्सना”ति?
“Siyā pana, bhante, ajjhattaṁ asati aparitassanā”ti?
“But can there be no anxiety about what doesn’t exist internally?”
“सिया, भिक्खू”ति भगवा अवोच। “इध, भिक्खु, एकच्चस्स न एवं दिट्ठि होति: ‘सो लोको सो अत्ता, सो पेच्च भविस्सामि निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव ठस्सामीऽति। सो सुणाति तथागतस्स वा तथागतसावकस्स वा सब्बेसं दिट्ठिट्ठानाधिट्ठानपरियुट्ठानाभिनिवेसानुसयानं समुग्घाताय सब्बसङ्खारसमथाय सब्बूपधिपटिनिस्सग्गाय तण्हाक्खयाय विरागाय निरोधाय निब्बानाय धम्मं देसेन्तस्स। तस्स न एवं होति: ‘उच्छिज्जिस्सामि नामस्सु, विनस्सिस्सामि नामस्सु, नस्सु नाम भविस्सामीऽति। सो न सोचति न किलमति न परिदेवति न उरत्ताळिं कन्दति न सम्मोहं आपज्जति। एवं खो, भिक्खु, अज्झत्तं असति अपरितस्सना होति।
“Siyā, bhikkhū”ti bhagavā avoca. “Idha, bhikkhu, ekaccassa na evaṁ diṭṭhi hoti: ‘so loko so attā, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva ṭhassāmī’ti. So suṇāti tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā sabbesaṁ diṭṭhiṭṭhānādhiṭṭhānapariyuṭṭhānābhinivesānusayānaṁ samugghātāya sabbasaṅkhārasamathāya sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggāya taṇhākkhayāya virāgāya nirodhāya nibbānāya dhammaṁ desentassa. Tassa na evaṁ hoti: ‘ucchijjissāmi nāmassu, vinassissāmi nāmassu, nassu nāma bhavissāmī’ti. So na socati na kilamati na paridevati na urattāḷiṁ kandati na sammohaṁ āpajjati. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhu, ajjhattaṁ asati aparitassanā hoti.
“There can,” said the Buddha. “It’s when someone doesn’t have such a view: ‘The self and the cosmos are one and the same. After death I will be permanent, everlasting, eternal, imperishable, and will last forever and ever.’ They hear the Realized One or their disciple teaching Dhamma for the uprooting of all grounds, fixations, obsessions, insistences, and underlying tendencies regarding views; for the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, Nibbana. It never occurs to them, ‘Whoa, I’m going to be annihilated and destroyed! I won’t exist any more!’ They don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. That’s how there is no anxiety about what doesn’t exist internally.
तं, भिक्खवे, परिग्गहं परिग्गण्हेय्याथ, य्वास्स परिग्गहो निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव तिट्ठेय्य। पस्सथ नो तुम्हे, भिक्खवे, तं परिग्गहं य्वास्स परिग्गहो निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव तिट्ठेय्या”ति?
Taṁ, bhikkhave, pariggahaṁ pariggaṇheyyātha, yvāssa6 pariggaho nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva tiṭṭheyya. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, taṁ pariggahaṁ yvāssa pariggaho nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva tiṭṭheyyā”ti?
Bhikkhus, it would make sense to be possessive about something that’s permanent, everlasting, eternal, imperishable, and will last forever and ever. But do you see any such possession?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”.
“No, sir.”
“साधु, भिक्खवे। अहम्पि खो तं, भिक्खवे, परिग्गहं न समनुपस्सामि य्वास्स परिग्गहो निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो सस्सतिसमं तथेव तिट्ठेय्य।
“Sādhu, bhikkhave. Ahampi kho taṁ, bhikkhave, pariggahaṁ na samanupassāmi yvāssa pariggaho nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṁ tatheva tiṭṭheyya.
“Good, bhikkhus! I also can’t see any such possession.
तं, भिक्खवे, अत्तवादुपादानं उपादियेथ, यंस अत्तवादुपादानं उपादियतो न उप्पज्जेय्युं सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा। पस्सथ नो तुम्हे, भिक्खवे, तं अत्तवादुपादानं यंस अत्तवादुपादानं उपादियतो न उप्पज्जेय्युं सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा”ति?
Taṁ, bhikkhave, attavādupādānaṁ upādiyetha, yaṁsa7 attavādupādānaṁ upādiyato na uppajjeyyuṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, taṁ attavādupādānaṁ yaṁsa attavādupādānaṁ upādiyato na uppajjeyyuṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā”ti?
It would make sense to grasp at a doctrine of self that didn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. But do you see any such doctrine of self?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”.
“No, sir.”
“साधु, भिक्खवे। अहम्पि खो तं, भिक्खवे, अत्तवादुपादानं न समनुपस्सामि यंस अत्तवादुपादानं उपादियतो न उप्पज्जेय्युं सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा।
“Sādhu, bhikkhave. Ahampi kho taṁ, bhikkhave, attavādupādānaṁ na samanupassāmi yaṁsa attavādupādānaṁ upādiyato na uppajjeyyuṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
“Good, bhikkhus! I also can’t see any such doctrine of self.
तं, भिक्खवे, दिट्ठिनिस्सयं निस्सयेथ यंस दिट्ठिनिस्सयं निस्सयतो न उप्पज्जेय्युं सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा। पस्सथ नो तुम्हे, भिक्खवे, तं दिट्ठिनिस्सयं यंस दिट्ठिनिस्सयं निस्सयतो न उप्पज्जेय्युं सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा”ति?
Taṁ, bhikkhave, diṭṭhinissayaṁ nissayetha yaṁsa diṭṭhinissayaṁ nissayato na uppajjeyyuṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, taṁ diṭṭhinissayaṁ yaṁsa diṭṭhinissayaṁ nissayato na uppajjeyyuṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā”ti?
It would make sense to rely on a view that didn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. But do you see any such view to rely on?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”.
“No, sir.”
“साधु, भिक्खवे। अहम्पि खो तं, भिक्खवे, दिट्ठिनिस्सयं न समनुपस्सामि यंस दिट्ठिनिस्सयं निस्सयतो न उप्पज्जेय्युं सोकपरिदेवदुक्खदोमनस्सुपायासा।
“Sādhu, bhikkhave. Ahampi kho taṁ, bhikkhave, diṭṭhinissayaṁ na samanupassāmi yaṁsa diṭṭhinissayaṁ nissayato na uppajjeyyuṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā”.
“Good, bhikkhus! I also can’t see any such view to rely on.
अत्तनि वा, भिक्खवे, सति ‘अत्तनियं मेऽति अस्सा”ति?
“Attani vā, bhikkhave, sati ‘attaniyaṁ me’ti assā”ti?
Bhikkhus, were a self to exist, would there be the thought, ‘Belonging to my self’?”
“एवं, भन्ते”।
“Evaṁ, bhante”.
“Yes, sir.”
“अत्तनिये वा, भिक्खवे, सति ‘अत्ता मेऽति अस्सा”ति?
“Attaniye vā, bhikkhave, sati ‘attā me’ti assā”ti?
“Were what belongs to a self to exist, would there be the thought, ‘My self’?”
“एवं, भन्ते”।
“Evaṁ, bhante”.
“Yes, sir.”
“अत्तनि च, भिक्खवे, अत्तनिये च सच्चतो थेततो अनुपलब्भमाने, यम्पि तं दिट्ठिट्ठानं: ‘सो लोको सो अत्ता, सो पेच्च भविस्सामि निच्चो धुवो सस्सतो अविपरिणामधम्मो, सस्सतिसमं तथेव ठस्सामीऽति—ननायं, भिक्खवे, केवलो परिपूरो बालधम्मो”ति?
“Attani ca, bhikkhave, attaniye ca saccato thetato anupalabbhamāne, yampi taṁ diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṁ: ‘so loko so attā, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, sassatisamaṁ tatheva ṭhassāmī’ti—nanāyaṁ, bhikkhave, kevalo paripūro bāladhammo”ti?
“But self and what belongs to a self are not acknowledged as a genuine fact. This being so, is not the following a totally foolish teaching: ‘The self and the cosmos are one and the same. After death I will be permanent, everlasting, eternal, imperishable, and will last forever and ever’?”
“किञ्हि नो सिया, भन्ते, केवलो हि, भन्ते, परिपूरो बालधम्मो”ति।
“Kiñhi no siyā, bhante, kevalo hi, bhante, paripūro8 bāladhammo”ti.
“What else could it be, sir? It’s a totally foolish teaching.”
“तं किं मञ्ञथ, भिक्खवे, रूपं निच्चं वा अनिच्चं वा”ति?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṁ niccaṁ vā aniccaṁ vā”ti?
“What do you think, bhikkhus? Is form permanent or impermanent?”
“अनिच्चं, भन्ते”।
“Aniccaṁ, bhante”.
“Impermanent, sir.”
“यं पनानिच्चं दुक्खं वा तं सुखं वा”ति?
“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vā taṁ sukhaṁ vā”ti?
“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?”
“दुक्खं, भन्ते”।
“Dukkhaṁ, bhante”.
“Suffering, sir.”
“यं पनानिच्चं दुक्खं विपरिणामधम्मं, कल्लं नु तं समनुपस्सितुं—एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ता”ति?
“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, kallaṁ nu taṁ samanupassituṁ—etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā”ti?
“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus: ‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”.
“No, sir.”
“तं किं मञ्ञथ, भिक्खवे, वेदना …पे… सञ्ञा … सङ्खारा … विञ्ञाणं निच्चं वा अनिच्चं वा”ति?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave, vedanā …pe… saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṁ niccaṁ vā aniccaṁ vā”ti?
“What do you think, bhikkhus? Is feeling … perception … choices … consciousness permanent or impermanent?”
“अनिच्चं, भन्ते”।
“Aniccaṁ, bhante”.
“Impermanent, sir.”
“यं पनानिच्चं दुक्खं वा तं सुखं वा”ति?
“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vā taṁ sukhaṁ vā”ti?
“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?”
“दुक्खं, भन्ते”।
“Dukkhaṁ, bhante”.
“Suffering, sir.”
“यं पनानिच्चं दुक्खं विपरिणामधम्मं, कल्लं नु तं समनुपस्सितुं—एतं मम, एसोहमस्मि, एसो मे अत्ता”ति?
“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, kallaṁ nu taṁ samanupassituṁ—etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā”ti?
“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus: ‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”.
“No, sir.”
“तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, यं किञ्चि रूपं अतीतानागतपच्चुप्पन्नं, अज्झत्तं वा बहिद्धा वा, ओळारिकं वा सुखुमं वा, हीनं वा पणीतं वा, यं दूरे सन्तिके वा, सब्बं रूपं ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति—एवमेतं यथाभूतं सम्मप्पञ्ञाय दट्ठब्बं। या काचि वेदना …पे… या काचि सञ्ञा … ये केचि सङ्खारा … यं किञ्चि विञ्ञाणं अतीतानागतपच्चुप्पन्नं, अज्झत्तं वा बहिद्धा वा, ओळारिकं वा सुखुमं वा, हीनं वा पणीतं वा, यं दूरे सन्तिके वा, सब्बं विञ्ञाणं ‘नेतं मम, नेसोहमस्मि, न मेसो अत्ताऽति—एवमेतं यथाभूतं सम्मप्पञ्ञाय दट्ठब्बं।
“Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, yaṁ kiñci rūpaṁ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṁ, ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā, oḷārikaṁ vā sukhumaṁ vā, hīnaṁ vā paṇītaṁ vā, yaṁ dūre santike vā, sabbaṁ rūpaṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti—evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ. Yā kāci vedanā …pe… yā kāci saññā … ye keci saṅkhārā … yaṁ kiñci viññāṇaṁ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṁ, ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā, oḷārikaṁ vā sukhumaṁ vā, hīnaṁ vā paṇītaṁ vā, yaṁ dūre santike vā, sabbaṁ viññāṇaṁ ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti—evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.
“So, bhikkhus, you should truly see any kind of form at all—past, future, or present; internal or external; coarse or fine; inferior or superior; far or near: all form—with right understanding: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’ You should truly see any kind of feeling … perception … choices … consciousness at all—past, future, or present; internal or external; coarse or fine; inferior or superior; far or near: all consciousness—with right understanding: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’
एवं पस्सं, भिक्खवे, सुतवा अरियसावको रूपस्मिं निब्बिन्दति, वेदनाय निब्बिन्दति, सञ्ञाय निब्बिन्दति, सङ्खारेसु निब्बिन्दति, विञ्ञाणस्मिं निब्बिन्दति, निब्बिदा विरज्जति, विरागा विमुच्चति, विमुत्तस्मिं विमुत्तमिति ञाणं होति।
Evaṁ passaṁ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmiṁ nibbindati, vedanāya nibbindati, saññāya nibbindati, saṅkhāresu nibbindati, viññāṇasmiṁ nibbindati, nibbidā virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, vimuttasmiṁ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṁ hoti.
Seeing this, a learned noble disciple grows disillusioned with form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness. Being disillusioned, desire fades away. When desire fades away they’re freed. When they’re freed, they know they’re freed.
‘खीणा जाति, वुसितं ब्रह्मचरियं, कतं करणीयं, नापरं इत्थत्तायाऽति पजानाति।
‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
They understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is no return to any state of existence.’
अयं वुच्चति, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु उक्खित्तपलिघो इतिपि, सङ्किण्णपरिक्खो इतिपि, अब्बूळ्हेसिको इतिपि, निरग्गळो इतिपि, अरियो पन्नद्धजो पन्नभारो विसंयुत्तो इतिपि।
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ukkhittapaligho itipi, saṅkiṇṇaparikkho itipi, abbūḷhesiko itipi, niraggaḷo itipi, ariyo pannaddhajo pannabhāro visaṁyutto itipi.
This is called a bhikkhu who has lifted up the cross-bar, filled in the trench, and pulled up the pillar; who is unbarred, a noble one with banner and burden put down, detached.
कथञ्च, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु उक्खित्तपलिघो होति? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खुनो अविज्जा पहीना होति, उच्छिन्नमूला तालावत्थुकता अनभावङ्कता, आयतिं अनुप्पादधम्मा। एवं खो, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु उक्खित्तपलिघो होति।
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ukkhittapaligho hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno avijjā pahīnā hoti, ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā, āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ukkhittapaligho hoti.
And how has a bhikkhu lifted the cross-bar? It’s when a bhikkhu has given up ignorance, cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s how a bhikkhu has lifted the cross-bar.
कथञ्च, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु सङ्किण्णपरिक्खो होति? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खुनो पोनोब्भविको जातिसंसारो पहीनो होति, उच्छिन्नमूलो तालावत्थुकतो अनभावङ्कतो, आयतिं अनुप्पादधम्मो। एवं खो, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु सङ्किण्णपरिक्खो होति।
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅkiṇṇaparikkho hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ponobbhaviko jātisaṁsāro pahīno hoti, ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato, āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅkiṇṇaparikkho hoti.
And how has a bhikkhu filled in the trench? It’s when a bhikkhu has given up transmigrating through births in future lives, cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s how a bhikkhu has filled in the trench.
कथञ्च, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु अब्बूळ्हेसिको होति? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खुनो तण्हा पहीना होति, उच्छिन्नमूला तालावत्थुकता अनभावङ्कता, आयतिं अनुप्पादधम्मा। एवं खो, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु अब्बूळ्हेसिको होति।
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abbūḷhesiko hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno taṇhā pahīnā hoti, ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā, āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abbūḷhesiko hoti.
And how has a bhikkhu pulled up the pillar? It’s when a bhikkhu has given up craving, cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s how a bhikkhu has pulled up the pillar.
कथञ्च, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु निरग्गळो होति? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खुनो पञ्च ओरम्भागियानि संयोजनानि पहीनानि होन्ति, उच्छिन्नमूलानि तालावत्थुकतानि अनभावङ्कतानि, आयतिं अनुप्पादधम्मानि। एवं खो, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु निरग्गळो होति।
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu niraggaḷo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pañca orambhāgiyāni saṁyojanāni pahīnāni honti, ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni, āyatiṁ anuppādadhammāni. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu niraggaḷo hoti.
And how is a bhikkhu unbarred? It’s when a bhikkhu has given up the five lower fetters, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, obliterated them, so they’re unable to arise in the future. That’s how a bhikkhu is unbarred.
कथञ्च, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु अरियो पन्नद्धजो पन्नभारो विसंयुत्तो होति? इध, भिक्खवे, भिक्खुनो अस्मिमानो पहीनो होति, उच्छिन्नमूलो तालावत्थुकतो अनभावङ्कतो, आयतिं अनुप्पादधम्मो। एवं खो, भिक्खवे, भिक्खु अरियो पन्नद्धजो पन्नभारो विसंयुत्तो होति।
Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyo pannaddhajo pannabhāro visaṁyutto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno asmimāno pahīno hoti, ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato, āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyo pannaddhajo pannabhāro visaṁyutto hoti.
And how is a bhikkhu a noble one with banner and burden put down, detached? It’s when a bhikkhu has given up the conceit ‘I am’, cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s how a bhikkhu is a noble one with banner and burden put down, detached.
एवं विमुत्तचित्तं खो, भिक्खवे, भिक्खुं सैन्दा देवा सब्रह्मका सपजापतिका अन्वेसं नाधिगच्छन्ति: ‘इदं निस्सितं तथागतस्स विञ्ञाणन्ऽति। तं किस्स हेतु? दिट्ठेवाहं, भिक्खवे, धम्मे तथागतं अननुविज्जोति वदामि।
Evaṁ vimuttacittaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saindā devā sabrahmakā sapajāpatikā anvesaṁ nādhigacchanti: ‘idaṁ nissitaṁ tathāgatassa viññāṇan’ti. Taṁ kissa hetu? Diṭṭhevāhaṁ, bhikkhave, dhamme tathāgataṁ ananuvijjoti vadāmi.
When a bhikkhu’s mind was freed like this, the gods together with Indra, Brahmā, and the Progenitor, search as they may, will not discover: ‘This is what the Realized One’s consciousness depends on.’ Why is that? Because even in the present life the Realized One is not found, I say.
एवंवादिं खो मं, भिक्खवे, एवमक्खायिं एके समणब्राह्मणा असता तुच्छा मुसा अभूतेन अब्भाचिक्खन्ति: ‘वेनयिको समणो गोतमो, सतो सत्तस्स उच्छेदं विनासं विभवं पञ्ञापेतीऽति। यथा चाहं न, भिक्खवे, यथा चाहं न वदामि, तथा मं ते भोन्तो समणब्राह्मणा असता तुच्छा मुसा अभूतेन अब्भाचिक्खन्ति: ‘वेनयिको समणो गोतमो, सतो सत्तस्स उच्छेदं विनासं विभवं पञ्ञापेतीऽति। पुब्बे चाहं, भिक्खवे, एतरहि च दुक्खञ्चेव पञ्ञापेमि, दुक्खस्स च निरोधं। तत्र चे, भिक्खवे, परे तथागतं अक्कोसन्ति परिभासन्ति रोसेन्ति विहेसेन्ति, तत्र, भिक्खवे, तथागतस्स न होति आघातो न अप्पच्चयो न चेतसो अनभिरद्धि।
Evaṁvādiṁ kho maṁ, bhikkhave, evamakkhāyiṁ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhanti: ‘venayiko samaṇo gotamo, sato sattassa ucchedaṁ vināsaṁ vibhavaṁ paññāpetī’ti. Yathā cāhaṁ na, bhikkhave, yathā cāhaṁ na vadāmi, tathā maṁ te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhanti: ‘venayiko samaṇo gotamo, sato sattassa ucchedaṁ vināsaṁ vibhavaṁ paññāpetī’ti. Pubbe cāhaṁ, bhikkhave, etarahi ca dukkhañceva paññāpemi, dukkhassa ca nirodhaṁ. Tatra ce, bhikkhave, pare tathāgataṁ akkosanti paribhāsanti rosenti vihesenti, tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa na hoti āghāto na appaccayo na cetaso anabhiraddhi.
Though I speak and explain like this, certain ascetics and brahmins misrepresent me with the false, hollow, lying, untruthful claim: ‘The ascetic Gotama is an exterminator. He advocates the annihilation, eradication, and obliteration of an existing being.’ I have been falsely misrepresented as being what I am not, and saying what I do not say. In the past, as today, what I describe is suffering and the cessation of suffering. This being so, if others abuse, attack, harass, and trouble the Realized One, he doesn’t get resentful, bitter, and emotionally exasperated.
तत्र चे, भिक्खवे, परे तथागतं सक्करोन्ति गरुं करोन्ति मानेन्ति पूजेन्ति, तत्र, भिक्खवे, तथागतस्स न होति आनन्दो न सोमनस्सं न चेतसो उप्पिलावितत्तं। तत्र चे, भिक्खवे, परे वा तथागतं सक्करोन्ति गरुं करोन्ति मानेन्ति पूजेन्ति, तत्र, भिक्खवे, तथागतस्स एवं होति: ‘यं खो इदं पुब्बे परिञ्ञातं तत्थ मे एवरूपा कारा करीयन्तीऽति।
Tatra ce, bhikkhave, pare tathāgataṁ sakkaronti garuṁ karonti mānenti pūjenti, tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa na hoti ānando na somanassaṁ na cetaso uppilāvitattaṁ. Tatra ce, bhikkhave, pare vā tathāgataṁ sakkaronti garuṁ karonti mānenti pūjenti, tatra, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa evaṁ hoti: ‘yaṁ kho idaṁ pubbe pariññātaṁ tattha me evarūpā kārā9 karīyantī’ti.
Or if others honor, respect, revere, or venerate him, he doesn’t get thrilled, elated, and emotionally excited. He just thinks, ‘They do such things for what has already been completely understood.’
तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, तुम्हे चेपि परे अक्कोसेय्युं परिभासेय्युं रोसेय्युं विहेसेय्युं, तत्र तुम्हे हि न आघातो न अप्पच्चयो न चेतसो अनभिरद्धि करणीया। तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, तुम्हे चेपि परे सक्करेय्युं गरुं करेय्युं मानेय्युं पूजेय्युं, तत्र तुम्हेहि न आनन्दो न सोमनस्सं न चेतसो उप्पिलावितत्तं करणीयं। तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, तुम्हे चेपि परे सक्करेय्युं गरुं करेय्युं मानेय्युं पूजेय्युं, तत्र तुम्हाकं एवमस्स: ‘यं खो इदं पुब्बे परिञ्ञातं, तत्थ मे एवरूपा कारा करीयन्तीऽति।
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhe cepi pare akkoseyyuṁ paribhāseyyuṁ roseyyuṁ viheseyyuṁ, tatra tumhe hi na āghāto na appaccayo na cetaso anabhiraddhi karaṇīyā. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhe cepi pare sakkareyyuṁ garuṁ kareyyuṁ māneyyuṁ pūjeyyuṁ, tatra tumhehi na ānando na somanassaṁ na cetaso uppilāvitattaṁ karaṇīyaṁ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhe cepi pare sakkareyyuṁ garuṁ kareyyuṁ māneyyuṁ pūjeyyuṁ, tatra tumhākaṁ evamassa: ‘yaṁ kho idaṁ pubbe pariññātaṁ, tatthame10 evarūpā kārā karīyantī’ti.
So, bhikkhus, if others abuse, attack, harass, and trouble you, don’t make yourselves resentful, bitter, and emotionally exasperated. Or if others honor, respect, revere, or venerate you, don’t make yourselves thrilled, elated, and emotionally excited. Just think, ‘They do such things for what has already been completely understood.’
तस्मातिह, भिक्खवे, यं न तुम्हाकं तं पजहथ; तं वो पहीनं दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति।
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, yaṁ na tumhākaṁ taṁ pajahatha; taṁ vo pahīnaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati.
So, bhikkhus, give up what isn't yours. Giving it up will be for your lasting welfare and happiness.
किञ्च, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं? रूपं, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, तं पजहथ; तं वो पहीनं दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति।
Kiñca, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ? Rūpaṁ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, taṁ pajahatha; taṁ vo pahīnaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati.
And what isn’t yours? Form isn’t yours: give it up. Giving it up will be for your lasting welfare and happiness.
वेदना, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, तं पजहथ; सा वो पहीना दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति। सञ्ञा, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, तं पजहथ; सा वो पहीना दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति। सङ्खारा, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, ते पजहथ; ते वो पहीना दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सन्ति। विञ्ञाणं, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, तं पजहथ; तं वो पहीनं दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति।
Vedanā, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, taṁ pajahatha; sā vo pahīnā dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Saññā, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, taṁ pajahatha; sā vo pahīnā dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Saṅkhārā, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, te pajahatha; te vo pahīnā dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissanti. Viññāṇaṁ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, taṁ pajahatha; taṁ vo pahīnaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati.
Feeling … perception … choices … consciousness isn’t yours: give it up. Giving it up will be for your lasting welfare and happiness.
तं किं मञ्ञथ, भिक्खवे, यं इमस्मिं जेतवने तिणकट्ठसाखापलासं, तं जनो हरेय्य वा दहेय्य वा यथापच्चयं वा करेय्य। अपि नु तुम्हाकं एवमस्स: ‘अम्हे जनो हरति वा दहति वा यथापच्चयं वा करोतीऽ”ति?
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave, yaṁ imasmiṁ jetavane tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṁ, taṁ jano hareyya vā daheyya vā yathāpaccayaṁ vā kareyya. Api nu tumhākaṁ evamassa: ‘amhe jano harati vā dahati vā yathāpaccayaṁ vā karotī’”ti?
What do you think, bhikkhus? Suppose a person was to carry off the grass, sticks, branches, and leaves in this Jeta’s Grove, or burn them, or do what they want with them. Would you think, ‘This person is carrying us off, burning us, or doing what they want with us’?”
“नो हेतं, भन्ते”। “तं किस्स हेतु”? “न हि नो एतं, भन्ते, अत्ता वा अत्तनियं वा”ति।
“No hetaṁ, bhante”. “Taṁ kissa hetu”? “Na hi no etaṁ, bhante, attā vā attaniyaṁ vā”ti.
“No, sir. Why is that? Because that’s neither self nor belonging to self.”
“एवमेव खो, भिक्खवे, यं न तुम्हाकं तं पजहथ; तं वो पहीनं दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति। किञ्च, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं? रूपं, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, तं पजहथ; तं वो पहीनं दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति। वेदना, भिक्खवे …पे… सञ्ञा, भिक्खवे … सङ्खारा, भिक्खवे …पे… विञ्ञाणं, भिक्खवे, न तुम्हाकं, तं पजहथ; तं वो पहीनं दीघरत्तं हिताय सुखाय भविस्सति।
“Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṁ na tumhākaṁ taṁ pajahatha; taṁ vo pahīnaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Kiñca, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ? Rūpaṁ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, taṁ pajahatha; taṁ vo pahīnaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Vedanā, bhikkhave …pe… saññā, bhikkhave … saṅkhārā, bhikkhave …pe… viññāṇaṁ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṁ, taṁ pajahatha; taṁ vo pahīnaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati.
“In the same way, bhikkhus, give up what isn't yours. Giving it up will be for your lasting welfare and happiness. And what isn’t yours? Form … feeling … perception … choices … consciousness isn’t yours: give it up. Giving it up will be for your lasting welfare and happiness.
एवं स्वाक्खातो, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मो उत्तानो विवटो पकासितो छिन्नपिलोतिको। एवं स्वाक्खाते, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मे उत्ताने विवटे पकासिते छिन्नपिलोतिके ये ते भिक्खू अरहन्तो खीणासवा वुसितवन्तो कतकरणीया ओहितभारा अनुप्पत्तसदत्था परिक्खीणभवसंयोजना सम्मदञ्ञाविमुत्ता, वट्टं तेसं नत्थि पञ्ञापनाय।
Evaṁ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṁ svākkhāte, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike ye te bhikkhū arahanto khīṇāsavā vusitavanto katakaraṇīyā ohitabhārā anuppattasadatthā parikkhīṇabhavasaṁyojanā sammadaññāvimuttā, vaṭṭaṁ tesaṁ natthi paññāpanāya.
Thus the teaching has been well explained by me, made clear, opened, illuminated, and stripped of patchwork. In this teaching there are bhikkhus who are perfected, who have ended the defilements, completed the spiritual journey, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, achieved their own goal, utterly ended the fetters of rebirth, and are rightly freed through enlightenment. For them, there is no cycle of rebirths to be found. …
एवं स्वाक्खातो, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मो उत्तानो विवटो पकासितो छिन्नपिलोतिको। एवं स्वाक्खाते, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मे उत्ताने विवटे पकासिते छिन्नपिलोतिके येसं भिक्खूनं पञ्चोरम्भागियानि संयोजनानि पहीनानि, सब्बे ते ओपपातिका, तत्थ परिनिब्बायिनो, अनावत्तिधम्मा तस्मा लोका।
Evaṁ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṁ svākkhāte, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike yesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pañcorambhāgiyāni saṁyojanāni pahīnāni, sabbe te opapātikā, tattha parinibbāyino, anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā.
In this teaching there are bhikkhus who have given up the five lower fetters. All of them are reborn spontaneously. They are extinguished there, and are not liable to return from that world. …
एवं स्वाक्खातो, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मो उत्तानो विवटो पकासितो छिन्नपिलोतिको। एवं स्वाक्खाते, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मे उत्ताने विवटे पकासिते छिन्नपिलोतिके येसं भिक्खूनं तीणि संयोजनानि पहीनानि, रागदोसमोहा तनुभूता, सब्बे ते सकदागामिनो, सकिदेव इमं लोकं आगन्त्वा दुक्खस्सन्तं करिस्सन्ति।
Evaṁ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṁ svākkhāte, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike yesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ tīṇi saṁyojanāni pahīnāni, rāgadosamohā tanubhūtā, sabbe te sakadāgāmino, sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karissanti.
In this teaching there are bhikkhus who, having given up three fetters, and weakened greed, hate, and delusion, are once-returners. All of them come back to this world once only, then make an end of suffering. …
एवं स्वाक्खातो, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मो उत्तानो विवटो पकासितो छिन्नपिलोतिको। एवं स्वाक्खाते, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मे उत्ताने विवटे पकासिते छिन्नपिलोतिके येसं भिक्खूनं तीणि संयोजनानि पहीनानि, सब्बे ते सोतापन्ना, अविनिपातधम्मा, नियता सम्बोधिपरायना।
Evaṁ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṁ svākkhāte, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike yesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ tīṇi saṁyojanāni pahīnāni, sabbe te sotāpannā, avinipātadhammā, niyatā sambodhiparāyanā.
In this teaching there are bhikkhus who have ended three fetters. All of them are stream-enterers, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening. …
एवं स्वाक्खातो, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मो उत्तानो विवटो पकासितो छिन्नपिलोतिको। एवं स्वाक्खाते, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मे उत्ताने विवटे पकासिते छिन्नपिलोतिके ये ते भिक्खू धम्मानुसारिनो सद्धानुसारिनो सब्बे ते सम्बोधिपरायना।
Evaṁ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṁ svākkhāte, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike ye te bhikkhū dhammānusārino saddhānusārino sabbe te sambodhiparāyanā.
In this teaching there are bhikkhus who are followers of principles, or followers by faith. All of them are bound for awakening.
एवं स्वाक्खातो, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मो उत्तानो विवटो पकासितो छिन्नपिलोतिको। एवं स्वाक्खाते, भिक्खवे, मया धम्मे उत्ताने विवटे पकासिते छिन्नपिलोतिके येसं मयि सद्धामत्तं पेममत्तं सब्बे ते सग्गपरायना”ति।
Evaṁ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṁ svākkhāte, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike yesaṁ mayi saddhāmattaṁ pemamattaṁ sabbe te saggaparāyanā”ti.
Thus the teaching has been well explained by me, made clear, opened, illuminated, and stripped of patchwork. In this teaching there are those who have a degree of faith and love for me. All of them are bound for heaven.”
इदमवोच भगवा। अत्तमना ते भिक्खू भगवतो भासितं अभिनन्दुन्ति।
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
That is what the Buddha said. Satisfied, the bhikkhus approved what the Buddha said.
अलगद्दूपमसुत्तं निट्ठितं दुतियं।
Alagaddūpamasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dutiyaṁ.
The authoritative text of the Majjhima Nikāya is the Pāli text. The English translation is provided as an aid to the study of the original Pāli text. [CREDITS »]
Footnotes:
