Learning / English Dictionary

CHEMORECEPTOR

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

A sensory receptor that responds to chemical stimuli

Classified under:

Nouns denoting body parts

Hypernyms ("chemoreceptor" is a kind of...):

receptor; sense organ; sensory receptor (an organ having nerve endings (in the skin or viscera or eye or ear or nose or mouth) that respond to stimulation)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "chemoreceptor"):

gustatory organ; taste bud; tastebud (an oval sensory end organ on the surface of the tongue)

carotid body (a chemoreceptor located near the bifurcations of the carotid arteries; monitors oxygen content of the blood and helps control respiration)

nose; olfactory organ (the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals)

Credits

 Context examples: 

A neoplasm of the chemoreceptor system (e.g. carotid body, glomus jugulare, glomus vagale) for which the malignancy status has not be established.

(Carotid Body Paraganglioma, NCI Thesaurus/CDISC)

Doxapram, independent of oxygen levels, directly stimulates the peripheral carotid chemoreceptors, possibly by inhibiting the potassium channels of type I cells within the carotid body, thereby stimulating catecholamines release.

(Doxapram, NCI Thesaurus)

Although its mechanism of action has not been fully characterized, ondansetron appears to competitively block the action of serotonin at 5HT3 receptors peripherally in the gastrointestinal tract as well as centrally in the area postrema of the CNS, where the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) for vomiting is located, resulting in the suppression of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

(Ondansetron hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)

Doxapram hydrochloride stimulates respiration by an action on chemoreceptors in the carotid arteries and, at increased dosage, stimulates central respiratory centers in the medulla as well as other parts of the brain and spinal cord.

(Doxapram Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)

Lerisetron specifically binds to 5-HT3 receptors, located peripherally on vagus nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the area postrema, which may result in suppression of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

(Lerisetron, NCI Thesaurus)

Dolasetron blocks the activity of serotonin released from the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine by selectively inhibiting and inactivating 5-HT3 receptors located on the nerve terminals of the vagus nerve in the periphery and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema.

(Dolasetron, NCI Thesaurus)

SP is found in neurons of vagal afferent fibers innervating the brain-stem nucleus tractus solitarii and the area postrema, which contains the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), and may be elevated in response to chemotherapy.

(Casopitant, NCI Thesaurus)