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COCAINE
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
A narcotic (alkaloid) extracted from coca leaves; used as a surface anesthetic or taken for pleasure; can become powerfully addictive
Synonyms:
Classified under:
Nouns denoting man-made objects
Hypernyms ("cocaine" is a kind of...):
hard drug (a narcotic that is considered relatively strong and likely to cause addiction)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "cocaine"):
basuco (low-grade cocaine mixed with coca paste and cannabis)
blow; C; coke; nose candy; snow (street names for cocaine)
crack; crack cocaine; tornado (a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted; highly addictive)
Holonyms ("cocaine" is a substance of...):
coca (dried leaves of the coca plant (and related plants that also contain cocaine); chewed by Andean people for their stimulating effect)
Context examples:
The hydrochloride salt form of the tropane alkaloid cocaine, with central nervous systems (CNS) stimulating and local anesthetic activity.
(Cocaine Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
Antidepressants such as Prozac inhibit reuptake of serotonin and many drugs of abuse such as cocaine act by blocking reuptake of dopamine or adrenaline.
(Attenuation of GPCR Signaling Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
Along with JunD, delta-FosB is a component of an AP-1 transcription factor that accumulates in these key brain regions after chronic exposure to drugs of abuse, including morphine, amphetamine, alcohol, and cocaine.
(FosB Drug-induction Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
Save for the occasional use of cocaine, he had no vices, and he only turned to the drug as a protest against the monotony of existence when cases were scanty and the papers uninteresting.
(The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)
Cocaine speeds up your whole body.
(Cocaine, NIH: National Institute on Drug Abuse)
Cocaine binds to the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transport proteins and inhibits the re-uptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine into pre-synaptic neurons.
(Cocaine, NCI Thesaurus)
Cocaine causes these changes through modifications of histones, the structural supports around which long DNA strands are wound to make chromosomes.
(What Causes Cocaine Addiction, NIH, US)
An illegal drug composed of the smokable, baseform of cocaine that is produced by dissolving cocaine hydrochloride in an alkali solution, usually sodium bicarbonate and water, and subsequent boiling.
(Crack Cocaine, NCI Thesaurus)
Genetically modified mice that selectively overexpress this protein in neurons have increased sensitivity to cocaine and increased apparent reward response to drug administration, as expected in addiction, supporting the role of delta-FosB in addiction.
(FosB Drug-induction Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
My own complete happiness, and the home-centred interests which rise up around the man who first finds himself master of his own establishment, were sufficient to absorb all my attention, while Holmes, who loathed every form of society with his whole Bohemian soul, remained in our lodgings in Baker Street, buried among his old books, and alternating from week to week between cocaine and ambition, the drowsiness of the drug, and the fierce energy of his own keen nature.
(The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)
