10. Devadattasuttavaṇṇanā

89. Dasame tīhi, bhikkhave, asaddhammehi abhibhūtoti kā uppatti? Devadatte hi avīcimahānirayaṃ paviṭṭhe devadattapakkhiyā aññatitthiyā ca ‘‘samaṇena gotamena abhisapito devadatto pathaviṃ paviṭṭho’’ti abbhācikkhiṃsu. Taṃ sutvā sāsane anabhippasannā manussā ‘‘siyā nu kho etadevaṃ, yathā ime bhaṇantī’’ti āsaṅkaṃ uppādesuṃ. Taṃ pavattiṃ bhikkhū bhagavato ārocesuṃ. Atha bhagavā ‘‘na, bhikkhave, tathāgatā kassaci abhisapaṃ denti, tasmā na devadatto mayā abhisapito, attano kammeneva nirayaṃ paviṭṭho’’ti vatvā tesaṃ micchāgāhaṃ paṭisedhento imāya aṭṭhuppattiyā idaṃ suttaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha asaddhammehīti asataṃ dhammehi, asantehi vā dhammehi. Atekicchoti buddhehipi anivattanīyattā avīcinibbattiyā tikicchābhāvato atekiccho, atikicchanīyoti attho. Asantaguṇasambhāvanādhippāyena pavattā pāpā icchā etassāti pāpiccho, tassa bhāvo pāpicchatā, tāya. ‘‘Ahaṃ buddho bhavissāmi, saṅghaṃ pariharissāmī’’ti tassa icchā uppannā. Kokālikādayo pāpā lāmakā mittā etassāti pāpamitto, tassa bhāvo pāpamittatā, tāya. Uttarikaraṇīyeti jhānābhiññāhi uttarikaraṇīye adhigantabbe maggaphale anadhigate sati eva, taṃ anadhigantvāti attho. Oramattakenāti appamattakena jhānābhiññāmattena. Visesādhigamenāti uttarimanussadhammādhigamena. Antarāti vemajjhe. Vosānaṃ āpādīti akatakiccova samāno ‘‘katakiccomhī’’ti maññamāno samaṇadhammato vigamaṃ āpajji. Iti bhagavā iminā suttena visesato puthujjanabhāve ādīnavaṃ pakāsesi bhāriyo puthujjanabhāvo, yatra hi nāma jhānābhiññāpariyosānā sampattiyo nibbattetvāpi anekānatthāvahaṃ nānāvidhaṃ dukkhahetuṃ asantaguṇasambhāvanaṃ asappurisasaṃsaggaṃ ālasiyānuyogañca avijahanto avīcimhi kappaṭṭhiyaṃ atekicchaṃ kibbisaṃ pasavissatīti.

Gāthāsu māti paṭisedhe nipāto. Jātūti ekaṃsena. Kocīti sabbasaṅgāhakavacanaṃ. Lokasminti sattaloke. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti ‘‘imasmiṃ sattaloke koci puggalo ekaṃsena pāpiccho mā hotū’’ti. Tadamināpi jānātha, pāpicchānaṃ yathā gatīti pāpicchānaṃ puggalānaṃ yathā gati yādisī nipphatti, yādiso abhisamparāyo, taṃ imināpi kāraṇena jānāthāti devadattaṃ nidassento evamāha. Paṇḍitoti samaññātoti pariyattibāhusaccena paṇḍitoti ñāto. Bhāvitattoti sammatoti jhānābhiññāhi bhāvitacittoti sambhāvito. Tathā hi so pubbe ‘‘mahiddhiko godhiputto, mahānubhāvo godhiputto’’ti dhammasenāpatināpi pasaṃsito ahosi. Jalaṃva yasasā aṭṭhā, devadattoti vissutoti attano kittiyā parivārena jalanto viya obhāsento viya ṭhito devadattoti evaṃ vissuto pākaṭo ahosi. ‘‘Me sutta’’ntipi pāṭho, mayā sutaṃ sutamattaṃ, katipāheneva atathābhūtattā tassa taṃ paṇḍiccādi savanamattamevāti attho.

So samānamanuciṇṇo, āsajja naṃ tathāgatanti so evaṃbhūto devadatto ‘‘buddhopi sakyaputto, ahampi sakyaputto, buddhopi samaṇo, ahampi samaṇo, buddhopi iddhimā, ahampi iddhimā, buddhopi dibbacakkhuko, ahampi dibbacakkhuko, buddhopi dibbasotako, ahampi dibbasotako, buddhopi cetopariyañāṇalābhī, ahampi cetopariyañāṇalābhī, buddhopi atītānāgatapaccuppanne dhamme jānāti, ahampi te jānāmī’’ti attano pamāṇaṃ ajānitvā sammāsambuddhaṃ attanā samasamaṭṭhapanena samānaṃ āpajjanto ‘‘idānāhaṃ buddho bhavissāmi, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pariharissāmī’’ti abhimārapayojanā tathāgataṃ āsajja āsādetvā viheṭhetvā. ‘‘Pamādamanujīno’’tipi paṭhanti. Tassattho ‘‘vuttanayena pamādaṃ āpajjanto pamādaṃ nissāya bhagavatā saddhiṃ yugaggāhacittuppādena saheva jhānābhiññāhi anujīno parihīno’’ti. Avīcinirayaṃ patto, catudvāraṃ bhayānakanti jālānaṃ tattha uppannasattānaṃ vā nirantaratāya ‘‘avīcī’’ti laddhanāmaṃ catūsu passesu catumahādvārayogena catudvāraṃ atibhayānakaṃ mahānirayaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇavasena patto. Tathā hi vuttaṃ –

‘‘Catukkaṇṇo catudvāro, vibhatto bhāgaso mito;

Ayopākārapariyanto, ayasā paṭikujjito.

‘‘Tassa ayomayā bhūmi, jalitā tejasā yutā;

Samantā yojanasataṃ, pharitvā tiṭṭhati sabbadā’’ti. (ma. ni. 3.250; a. ni. 3.36; pe. va. 693-694; jā. 2.19.86-87);

Aduṭṭhassāti aduṭṭhacittassa. Dubbheti dūseyya. Tameva pāpaṃ phusatīti tameva aduṭṭhadubbhiṃ pāpapuggalaṃ pāpaṃ nihīnaṃ pāpaphalaṃ phusati pāpuṇāti abhibhavati. Bhesmāti vipulabhāvena gambhīrabhāvena ca bhiṃsāpento viya, vipulagambhīroti attho. Vādenāti dosena. Vihiṃsatīti bādhati āsādeti. Vādo tamhi na rūhatīti tasmiṃ tathāgate parena āropiyamāno doso na ruhati, na tiṭṭhati, visakumbho viya samuddassa, na tassa vikāraṃ janetīti attho.

Evaṃ chahi gāthāhi pāpicchatādisamannāgatassa nirayūpagabhāvadassanena dukkhato aparimuttataṃ dassetvā idāni tappaṭipakkhadhammasamannāgatassa dukkhakkhayaṃ dassento ‘‘tādisaṃ mitta’’nti osānagāthamāha. Tassattho – yassa sammā paṭipannassa maggānugo paṭipattimaggaṃ anugato sammā paṭipanno appicchatādiguṇasamannāgamena sakalavaṭṭadukkhassa khayaṃ pariyosānaṃ pāpuṇeyya. Tādisaṃ buddhaṃ vā buddhasāvakaṃ vā paṇḍito sappañño, attano mittaṃ kubbetha tena mettikaṃ kareyya, tañca seveyya tameva payirupāseyyāti.

Iti imasmiṃ vagge chaṭṭhasattamasuttesu vivaṭṭaṃ kathitaṃ, itaresu vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ kathitaṃ.

Dasamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Catutthavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.