Learning / English Dictionary

DRAFT

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

The act of moving a load by drawing or pulling

Synonyms:

draft; draught; drawing

Classified under:

Nouns denoting acts or actions

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

pull; pulling (the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you)

Sense 2

Meaning:

A large and hurried swallow

Example:

he finished it at a single gulp

Synonyms:

draft; draught; gulp; swig

Classified under:

Nouns denoting acts or actions

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

deglutition; drink; swallow (the act of swallowing)

Sense 3

Meaning:

Compulsory military service

Synonyms:

conscription; draft; muster; selective service

Classified under:

Nouns denoting acts or actions

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

militarisation; militarization; mobilisation; mobilization (act of assembling and putting into readiness for war or other emergency:)

Domain category:

armed forces; armed services; military; military machine; war machine (the military forces of a nation)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "draft"):

levy; levy en masse (the act of drafting into military service)

Derivation:

draft (engage somebody to enter the army)

Sense 4

Meaning:

A dose of liquid medicine

Example:

he took a sleeping draft

Synonyms:

draft; draught

Classified under:

Nouns denoting man-made objects

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

dosage; dose (a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time)

Sense 5

Meaning:

A preliminary sketch of a design or picture

Synonyms:

draft; rough drawing

Classified under:

Nouns denoting man-made objects

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

sketch; study (preliminary drawing for later elaboration)

Derivation:

draft (make a blueprint of)

Sense 6

Meaning:

A regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace

Classified under:

Nouns denoting man-made objects

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

regulator (any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.)

Sense 7

Meaning:

The depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded)

Synonyms:

draft; draught

Classified under:

Nouns denoting attributes of people and objects

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

deepness; depth (the extent downward or backward or inward)

Sense 8

Meaning:

Any of the various versions in the development of a written work

Example:

the final draft of the constitution

Synonyms:

draft; draft copy

Classified under:

Nouns denoting communicative processes and contents

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

text; textual matter (the words of something written)

Derivation:

draft (draw up an outline or sketch for something)

Sense 9

Meaning:

A serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg

Example:

they served beer on draft

Synonyms:

draft; draught; potation; tipple

Classified under:

Nouns denoting foods and drinks

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

drink (a single serving of a beverage)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "draft"):

quaff (a hearty draft)

Sense 10

Meaning:

A current of air (usually coming into a chimney or room or vehicle)

Synonyms:

draft; draught

Classified under:

Nouns denoting natural phenomena

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

air current; current of air; wind (air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "draft"):

updraft (a strong upward air current)

downdraft (a strong downward air current)

Derivation:

drafty (not airtight)

Sense 11

Meaning:

A document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another

Synonyms:

bill of exchange; draft; order of payment

Classified under:

Nouns denoting possession and transfer of possession

Hypernyms ("draft" is a kind of...):

negotiable instrument (an unconditional order or promise to pay an amount of money)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "draft"):

time bill; time draft (a draft payable at a specified future date)

sight bill; sight draft (a draft payable on presentation)

bank check; check; cheque (a written order directing a bank to pay money)

acceptance; banker's acceptance (banking: a time draft drawn on and accepted by a bank)

money order; postal order (a written order for the payment of a sum to a named individual; obtainable and payable at a post office)

dividend warrant (an order of payment (such as a check payable to a shareholder) in which a dividend is paid)

bank draft; banker's draft (a draft drawn by a bank against funds deposited in another bank)

trade acceptance (a bill of exchange for a specific purchase; drawn on the buyer by the seller and bearing the buyer's acceptance)

redraft (a draft for the amount of a dishonored draft plus the costs and charges of drafting again)

inland bill (a bill of exchange that is both drawn and made payable in the same country)

foreign bill; foreign draft (a bill of exchange that is drawn in one country and made payable in another)

overdraft (a draft in excess of the credit balance)

 II. (verb) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Engage somebody to enter the army

Synonyms:

draft; enlist; muster in

Classified under:

Verbs of fighting, athletic activities

Hypernyms (to "draft" is one way to...):

enrol; enroll; enter; inscribe; recruit (register formally as a participant or member)

Troponyms (each of the following is one way to "draft"):

levy; raise; recruit (cause to assemble or enlist in the military)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s somebody

Derivation:

draft (compulsory military service)

draftee (someone who is drafted into military service)

Sense 2

Meaning:

Make a blueprint of

Synonyms:

blueprint; draft; draught

Classified under:

Verbs of sewing, baking, painting, performing

Hypernyms (to "draft" is one way to...):

design; plan (make a design of; plan out in systematic, often graphic form)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Derivation:

draft (a preliminary sketch of a design or picture)

drafting (the craft of drawing blueprints)

Sense 3

Meaning:

Draw up an outline or sketch for something

Example:

draft a speech

Synonyms:

draft; outline

Classified under:

Verbs of sewing, baking, painting, performing

Hypernyms (to "draft" is one way to...):

compose; indite; pen; write (produce a literary work)

Domain category:

authorship; composition; penning; writing (the act of creating written works)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Sentence example:

Did he draft his major works over a short period of time?

Derivation:

draft (any of the various versions in the development of a written work)

drafter (a writer of a draft)

drafting (writing a first version to be filled out and polished later)

Credits

 Context examples: 

A ball itself could not have been more welcome to Catherine than this little excursion, so strong was her desire to be acquainted with Woodston; and her heart was still bounding with joy when Henry, about an hour afterwards, came booted and greatcoated into the room where she and Eleanor were sitting, and said, I am come, young ladies, in a very moralizing strain, to observe that our pleasures in this world are always to be paid for, and that we often purchase them at a great disadvantage, giving ready-monied actual happiness for a draft on the future, that may not be honoured.

(Northanger Abbey, by Jane Austen)

Researchers completed a draft map of the human proteome—the set of all proteins in the human body.

(Revealing the human proteome, NIH)

"I think it was so splendid in Father to go as chaplain when he was too old to be drafted, and not strong enough for a soldier," said Meg warmly.

(Little Women, by Louisa May Alcott)

This is it on the blue paper, and these slips, as I have explained, are the rough draft.

(The Return of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

The idea of those Devonshire girls, among the dry law-stationers and the attorneys' offices; and of the tea and toast, and children's songs, in that grim atmosphere of pounce and parchment, red-tape, dusty wafers, ink-jars, brief and draft paper, law reports, writs, declarations, and bills of costs; seemed almost as pleasantly fanciful as if I had dreamed that the Sultan's famous family had been admitted on the roll of attorneys, and had brought the talking bird, the singing tree, and the golden water into Gray's Inn Hall.

(David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens)

The resulting draft human proteome map includes proteins encoded by more than 17,000 genes—about 84% of the total known protein-coding genes.

(Revealing the human proteome, NIH)

With a lightened heart, though with a profound sense of the weighty importance of my task, I devoted the whole afternoon to the composition of the draft of this letter; for which great purpose, Agnes relinquished her desk to me.

(David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens)

In their new study, a team of researchers headed by Drs. Akhilesh Pandey at Johns Hopkins University and Harsha Gowda at the Institute of Bioinformatics in Bangalore, India, used an advanced form of mass spectrometry to sequence proteins and create a draft map of the human proteome.

(Revealing the human proteome, NIH)