| Learning / English Dictionary |
EXCITATION
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Something that agitates and arouses
Example:
he looked forward to the excitements of the day
Synonyms:
Classified under:
Nouns denoting acts or actions
Hypernyms ("excitation" is a kind of...):
arousal; rousing (the act of arousing)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "excitation"):
chiller; hair-raiser (excitation that makes your hair stand up or that chills your bones)
thrill (something that causes you to experience a sudden intense feeling or sensation)
Derivation:
excite (act as a stimulant)
Sense 2
Meaning:
The neural or electrical arousal of an organ or muscle or gland
Synonyms:
excitation; innervation; irritation
Classified under:
Nouns denoting stable states of affairs
Hypernyms ("excitation" is a kind of...):
arousal (a state of heightened physiological activity)
Derivation:
excite (produce a magnetic field in)
Sense 3
Meaning:
The state of being emotionally aroused and worked up
Example:
he tried to calm those who were in a state of extreme inflammation
Synonyms:
excitation; excitement; fervor; fervour; inflammation
Classified under:
Nouns denoting stable states of affairs
Hypernyms ("excitation" is a kind of...):
emotional arousal (the arousal of strong emotions and emotional behavior)
Attribute:
exciting (creating or arousing excitement)
unexciting (not exciting)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "excitation"):
fever pitch (a state of extreme excitement)
sensation (a state of widespread public excitement and interest)
Derivation:
excite (stir the feelings, emotions, or peace of)
excite (arouse or elicit a feeling)
excite (stir feelings in)
Context examples:
This leads to an increase in chloride channel opening events, a facilitation of chloride ion conductance, membrane hyperpolarization, and eventually inhibition of the transmission of nerve signals, thereby decreasing nervous excitation.
(Lorazepam, NCI Thesaurus)
A short-acting barbiturate derivative without hypnotic properties, Phetharbital (N-phenylbarbital) can be used as a sedative and anticonvulsant agent due to its mechanism of enhancing GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) transmission and inhibition of synaptic excitation.
(Phetharbital, NCI Thesaurus)
A group of researchers led by Takeshi Sakurai, Vice Director of the International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, found that acute optogenetic excitation of GABAergic neurons in BNST during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in mice resulted in immediate transition to a wakefulness state without the function of orexins, highly important neuropeptides for maintaining wakefulness.
(The Secret Connection between Anxiety, Sleep, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
Articaine hydrochloride reversibly blocks nerve impulse conduction by binding to specific membrane sodium ion channels thereby interfering with the electrical excitation in the nerve, slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse and reducing the rate of rise of the action potential.
(Articaine Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
A type of Magnetic Resonance Imaging that uses only one nuclear spin excitation per image and therefore can obtain images in a fraction of a second rather than the minutes required in traditional MRI techniques.
(Echo-Planar Imaging, NCI Thesaurus)
But as matters really stood, to watch Miss Ingram's efforts at fascinating Mr. Rochester, to witness their repeated failure—herself unconscious that they did fail; vainly fancying that each shaft launched hit the mark, and infatuatedly pluming herself on success, when her pride and self-complacency repelled further and further what she wished to allure—to witness this, was to be at once under ceaseless excitation and ruthless restraint.
(Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontë)
Prolonged excitation of GABAergic neurons in BNST by a chemogenetic method evoked a longer-lasting, sustained wakefulness state, and it was abolished by administering a dual orexin receptor blocker (antagonist) DORA 22 in advance, meaning that orexins are involved in this phenomenon.
(The Secret Connection between Anxiety, Sleep, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
