Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā

Tatthādo tāva sabbasakkatassa sabbasattuttamassa satthuno paṇāmaṃ dassento āha ‘‘natvā nātha’’ntyādi. Nāthaṃ catūhi nāthaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhagavantaṃ natvā vanditvā ādo ādimhi upasampannato paṭṭhāya navakena bhikkhunā adhunā pabbajitena upasampannena mūlabhāsāya māgadhabhāsāya sikkhituṃ samāsato saṅkhepena mūlasikkhaṃ ahaṃ pavakkhāmīti piṇḍattho.

Ayaṃ pana avayavattho – natvāti tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāro hutvā kāyavacīmanodvārehi vanditvāti attho. Nāthatīti nātho, veneyyānaṃ hitasukhaṃ mettāyanavasena āsīsati patthetīti attho, atha vā nāthati veneyyagate kilese upatāpetīti attho, nāthati vā yācatīti attho. Bhagavā hi ‘‘sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkheyyā’’tiādinā (a. ni. 8.7) sattānaṃ taṃ taṃ hitappaṭipattiṃ yācitvāpi karuṇāya samussāhito te tattha niyojeti. Paramena vā cittissariyena samannāgato sabbasatte īsati abhibhavatīti paramissaro bhagavā ‘‘nātho’’ti vuccati. Sabbo cāyamattho saddasatthānusārato veditabbo. Pavakkhāmīti pakārena kathessāmi. Mūlasikkhāti adhisīlaadhicittaadhipaññāvasena tissopi sikkhā, upasampannassa suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanaṭṭhena mūlā ca sā sikkhitabbato sikkhā cāti mūlasikkhā. Ganthavasenettha saṅkhipitvā vuttattā taddīpano gantho ‘‘mūlasikkhā’’ti vuccati.

Tattha katamaṃ sīlaṃ, katamaṃ adhisīlaṃ, katamaṃ cittaṃ, katamaṃ adhicittaṃ, katamā paññā, katamā adhipaññāti? Vuccate – pañcaṅgaaṭṭhaṅgadasaṅgasīlaṃ tāva sīlameva. Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ pana ‘‘adhisīla’’nti vuccati. Tañhi sūriyo viya pajjotānaṃ, sineru viya pabbatānaṃ sabbalokiyasīlānaṃ adhikañceva uttamañca. Pātimokkhasaṃvaratopi ca maggaphalasampayuttameva sīlaṃ adhisīlaṃ, taṃ pana idha nādhippetaṃ. Na hi taṃ sikkhanto methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevati. Kāmāvacarāni pana aṭṭha kusalacittāni, lokiyaaṭṭhasamāpatticittāni ca ekajjhaṃ katvā cittameva. Vipassanāpādakaṃ aṭṭhasamāpatticittaṃ pana ‘‘adhicitta’’nti vuccati. Tañhi sabbalokiyacittānaṃ adhikañceva uttamañca. Tatopi ca maggaphalacittameva adhicittaṃ, taṃ pana idha nādhippetaṃ. Na hi taṃ sikkhanto methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevati. ‘‘Atthi dinnaṃ, atthi yiṭṭha’’ntiādinayappavattaṃ kammassakatāñāṇaṃ paññā, tilakkhaṇākāraparicchedakaṃ pana vipassanāñāṇaṃ ‘‘adhipaññā’’ti vuccati. Sā hi sabbalokiyapaññānaṃ adhikā ceva uttamā ca. Tatopi ca maggaphalapaññāva adhipaññā, sā pana idha nādhippetā. Na hi taṃ sikkhanto methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevati.

Tāsu tīsu adhisīlasikkhā cārittavārittavasena duvidhampi sīlaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamānena, tappaṭipakkhe kilese tadaṅgappahānavasena pajahantena sikkhitabbā. Adhicittasikkhā yathāvuttesu ārammaṇesu abhiyogavasena jhānappaṭipakkhānaṃ nīvaraṇagaṇānaṃ vikkhambhanappahānaṃ kurumānena sikkhitabbā. Adhipaññāsikkhā pana yathānurūpaṃ tadaṅgappahānasamucchedavasena sānusaye kilese samucchindantena sikkhitabbā. Tasmā suppatiṭṭhitabhāvasādhanaṭṭhena mūlā ca sā sikkhitabbato sikkhā cāti mūlasikkhā, kammavacanicchāyaṃ ‘‘mūlasikkha’’nti vuttaṃ.

Samāsīyate saṅkhipīyateti samāso, tato samāsato. Samaggena saṅghena ñatticatutthena kammena akuppena ṭhānārahena upasampannoti bhikkhu. Tattha sabbantimena pariyāyena pañcavaggakaraṇīye kamme yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā, tesaṃ āgatattā, chandārahānaṃ chandassa āhaṭattā, sammukhībhūtānañca appaṭikkosanato ekasmiṃ kamme samaggabhāvaṃ upagatena saṅghena tīhi anussāvanāhi ekāya ñattiyā kātabbakammasaṅkhātena ñatticatutthena dhammikena vinayakammena vatthuñattianussāvanasīmāparisāsampattisampannattā akopetabbataṃ, appaṭikkositabbataṃ upagatena ṭhānārahena kāraṇārahena satthusāsanārahena upasampanno nāma, uparibhāvaṃ samāpanno pattoti attho. Bhikkhubhāvo hi uparibhāvo. Tañcesa yathāvuttena kammena samāpannattā ‘‘upasampanno’’ti vuccati, tena bhikkhunā. Ūnapañcavassatāya navako, tena navakena adhunā pabbajitena, acirapabbajitenāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ādoti ādimhiyevāti attho, ādito paṭṭhāyāti vā. Api ca thero ‘‘ādo’’ti vacanena saddhāpabbajitānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ ālasiyadosena, appaṭipajjantānaṃ aññāṇadosena ca aññathā paṭipajjantānaṃ saṃvegaṃ janeti. Kathaṃ? Atidullabhaṃ khaṇaṃ samavāyaṃ paṭilabhitvā taṅkhaṇaṃ na kusītena vā niratthakakathāpasutena vā vītināmetabbaṃ, kiṃ kātabbaṃ? Ādito paṭṭhāya nirantarameva tīsu sikkhāsu ādaro janetabboti.

‘‘Sā māgadhī mūlabhāsā, narā yāyādikappikā;

Brahmāno cassutālāpā, sambuddhā cāpi bhāsare’’ti. –

Vacanato mūlabhāsāyāti māgadhamūlāya bhāsāya, sabhāvaniruttiyā bhāsāyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Sikkhitunti uggaṇhituṃ.