2. Mahāgosiṅgasuttavaṇṇanā

332.Evaṃme sutanti mahāgosiṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha gosiṅgasālavanadāyeti idaṃ vasanaṭṭhānadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Aññesu hi suttesu, ‘‘sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme’’ti evaṃ paṭhamaṃ gocaragāmaṃ dassetvā pacchā vasanaṭṭhānaṃ dasseti. Imasmiṃ pana mahāgosiṅgasutte bhagavato gocaragāmo anibandho, kocideva gocaragāmo bhavissati. Tasmā vasanaṭṭhānameva paridīpitaṃ. Araññanidānakaṃ nāmetaṃ suttanti. Sambahulehīti bahukehi. Abhiññātehi abhiññātehīti sabbattha vissutehi pākaṭehi. Therehi sāvakehi saddhinti pātimokkhasaṃvarādīhi thirakārakeheva dhammehi samannāgatattā therehi, savanante jātattā sāvakehi saddhiṃ ekato. Idāni te there sarūpato dassento, āyasmatā ca sāriputtenātiādimāha. Tatthāyasmā sāriputto attano sīlādīhi guṇehi buddhasāsane abhiññāto. Cakkhumantānaṃ gaganamajjhe ṭhito sūriyo viya cando viya, samuddatīre ṭhitānaṃ sāgaro viya ca pākaṭo paññāto. Na kevalañcassa imasmiṃ sutte āgataguṇavaseneva mahantatā veditabbā, ito aññesaṃ dhammadāyādasuttaṃ anaṅgaṇasuttaṃ sammādiṭṭhisuttaṃ sīhanādasuttaṃ rathavinītaṃ mahāhatthipadopamaṃ mahāvedallaṃ cātumasuttaṃ dīghanakhaṃ anupadasuttaṃ sevitabbāsevitabbasuttaṃ saccavibhaṅgasuttaṃ piṇḍapātapārisuddhi sampasādanīyaṃ saṅgītisuttaṃ dasuttarasuttaṃ pavāraṇāsuttaṃ (saṃ. ni. 1.215 ādayo) susimasuttaṃ therapañhasuttaṃ mahāniddeso paṭisambhidāmaggo therasīhanādasuttaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ etadagganti imesampi suttānaṃ vasena therassa mahantatā veditabbā. Etadaggasmiñhi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.188-189) vuttaṃ.

Mahāmoggallānopi sīlādiguṇehi ceva imasmiṃ sutte āgataguṇehi ca thero viya abhiññāto pākaṭo mahā. Apicassa anumānasuttaṃ, cūḷataṇhāsaṅkhayasuttaṃ māratajjaniyasuttaṃ pāsādakampanaṃ sakalaṃ iddhipādasaṃyuttaṃ nandopanandadamanaṃ yamakapāṭihāriyakāle devalokagamanaṃ vimānavatthu petavatthu therassa abhinikkhamanaṃ etadagganti imesampi vasena mahantabhāvo veditabbo . Etadaggasmiñhi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ iddhimantānaṃ yadidaṃ mahāmoggallāno’’ti (a. ni. 1.190) vuttaṃ.

Mahākassapopi sīlādiguṇehi ceva imasmiṃ sutte āgataguṇehi ca thero viya abhiññāto pākaṭo mahā. Apicassa cīvaraparivattanasuttaṃ jiṇṇacīvarasuttaṃ (saṃ. ni. 2.154 ādayo) candopamaṃ sakalaṃ kassapasaṃyuttaṃ mahāariyavaṃsasuttaṃ therassa abhinikkhamanaṃ etadagganti imesampi vasena mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Etadaggasmiñhi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ , bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhutavādānaṃ yadidaṃ mahākassapo’’ti (a. ni. 1.191) vuttaṃ.

Anuruddhattheropi sīlādiguṇehi ceva imasmiṃ sutte āgataguṇehi ca thero viya abhiññāto pākaṭo mahā. Apicassa cūḷagosiṅgasuttaṃ naḷakapānasuttaṃ anuttariyasuttaṃ upakkilesasuttaṃ anuruddhasaṃyuttaṃ mahāpurisavitakkasuttaṃ therassa abhinikkhamanaṃ etadagganti imesampi vasena mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Etadaggasmiñhi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ yadidaṃ anuruddho’’ti (a. ni. 1.192) vuttaṃ.

Āyasmatā ca revatenāti ettha pana dve revatā khadiravaniyarevato ca kaṅkhārevato ca. Tattha khadiravaniyarevato dhammasenāpatittherassa kaniṭṭhabhātiko, na so idha adhippeto. ‘‘Akappiyo guḷo, akappiyā muggā’’ti (mahāva. 272) evaṃ kaṅkhābahulo pana thero idha revatoti adhippeto. Sopi sīlādiguṇehi ceva imasmiṃ sutte āgataguṇehi ca thero viya abhiññāto pākaṭo mahā. Apicassa abhinikkhamanenapi etadaggenapi mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Etadaggasmiñhi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ yadidaṃ kaṅkhārevato’’ti (a. ni. 1.204) vuttaṃ.

Ānandattheropi sīlādiguṇehi ceva imasmiṃ sutte āgataguṇehi ca thero viya abhiññāto pākaṭo mahā. Apicassa sekkhasuttaṃ bāhitikasuttaṃ āneñjasappāyaṃ gopakamoggallānaṃ bahudhātukaṃ cūḷasuññataṃ mahāsuññataṃ acchariyabbhutasuttaṃ bhaddekarattaṃ mahānidānaṃ mahāparinibbānaṃ subhasuttaṃ cūḷaniyalokadhātusuttaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ etadagganti imesampi vasena mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Etadaggasmiñhi, ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānaṃ yadidaṃ ānando’’ti (a. ni. 1.219-223) vuttaṃ.

Aññehi ca abhiññātehi abhiññātehīti na kevalañca eteheva, aññehi ca mahāguṇatāya pākaṭehi abhiññātehi bahūhi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ bhagavā gosiṅgasālavanadāye viharatīti attho. Āyasmā hi sāriputto sayaṃ mahāpañño aññepi bahū mahāpaññe bhikkhū gahetvā tadā dasabalaṃ parivāretvā vihāsi. Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno sayaṃ iddhimā, āyasmā mahākassapo sayaṃ dhutavādo, āyasmā anuruddho sayaṃ dibbacakkhuko, āyasmā revato sayaṃ jhānābhirato, āyasmā ānando sayaṃ bahussuto aññepi bahū bahussute bhikkhū gahetvā tadā dasabalaṃ parivāretvā vihāsi, evaṃ tadā ete ca aññe ca abhiññātā mahātherā tiṃsasahassamattā bhikkhū dasabalaṃ parivāretvā vihariṃsūti veditabbā.

Paṭisallānā vuṭṭhitoti phalasamāpattivivekato vuṭṭhito. Yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkamīti thero kira paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito pacchimalokadhātuṃ olokento vanante kīḷantassa mattakhattiyassa kaṇṇato patamānaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ viya, saṃharitvā samugge pakkhipamānaṃ rattakambalaṃ viya, maṇināgadantato patamānaṃ satasahassagghanikaṃ suvaṇṇapātiṃ viya ca atthaṃ gacchamānaṃ paripuṇṇapaṇṇāsayojanaṃ sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ addasa. Tadanantaraṃ pācīnalokadhātuṃ olokento nemiyaṃ gahetvā parivattayamānaṃ rajatacakkaṃ viya, rajatakūṭato nikkhamantaṃ khīradhārāmaṇḍaṃ viya, sapakkhe papphoṭetvā gaganatale pakkhandamānaṃ setahaṃsaṃ viya ca meghavaṇṇāya samuddakucchito uggantvā pācīnacakkavāḷapabbatamatthake sasalakkhaṇappaṭimaṇḍitaṃ ekūnapaṇṇāsayojanaṃ candamaṇḍalaṃ addasa. Tato sālavanaṃ olokesi. Tasmiñhi samaye sālarukkhā mūlato paṭṭhāya yāva aggā sabbapāliphullā dukūlapārutā viya, muttākalāpavinaddhā viya ca virociṃsu. Bhūmitalaṃ pupphasantharapūjāya paṭimaṇḍitaṃ viya, tattha tattha nipatantena pupphareṇunā lākhārasena siñcamānaṃ viya ca ahosi. Bhamaramadhukaragaṇā kusumareṇumadamattā upagāyamānā viya vanantaresu vicaranti. Tadā ca uposathadivasova hoti. Atha thero, ‘‘kāya nu kho ajja ratiyā vītināmessāmī’’ti cintesi, ariyasāvakā ca nāma piyadhammassavanā honti. Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘ajja mayhaṃ jeṭṭhabhātikassa dhammasenāpatittherassa santikaṃ gantvā dhammaratiyā vītināmessāmī’’ti. Gacchanto pana ekakova agantvā ‘‘mayhaṃ piyasahāyaṃ mahākassapattheraṃ gahetvā gamissāmī’’ti nisinnaṭṭhānato vuṭṭhāya cammakhaṇḍaṃ papphoṭetvā yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami.

Evamāvusotikho āyasmā mahākassapoti theropi yasmā piyadhammassavanova ariyasāvako, tasmā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā gacchāvuso, tvaṃ, mayhaṃ sīsaṃ vā rujjati piṭṭhi vāti kiñci lesāpadesaṃ akatvā tuṭṭhahadayova, ‘‘evamāvuso’’tiādimāha. Paṭissutvā ca nisinnaṭṭhānato vuṭṭhāya cammakhaṇḍaṃ papphoṭetvā mahāmoggallānaṃ anubandhi. Tasmiṃ samaye dve mahātherā paṭipāṭiyā ṭhitāni dve candamaṇḍalāni viya, dve sūriyamaṇḍalāni viya, dve chaddantanāgarājāno viya, dve sīhā viya, dve byagghā viya ca virociṃsu. Anuruddhattheropi tasmiṃ samaye divāṭṭhāne nisinno dve mahāthere sāriputtattherassa santikaṃ gacchante disvā pacchimalokadhātuṃ olokento sūriyaṃ vanantaṃ pavisantaṃ viya, pācīnalokadhātuṃ olokento candaṃ vanantato uggacchantaṃ viya, sālavanaṃ olokento sabbapāliphullameva sālavanañca disvā ajja uposathadivaso, ime ca me jeṭṭhabhātikā dhammasenāpatissa santikaṃ gacchanti, mahantena dhammassavanena bhavitabbaṃ, ahampi dhammassavanassa bhāgī bhavissāmīti nisinnaṭṭhānato vuṭṭhāya cammakhaṇḍaṃ papphoṭetvā mahātherānaṃ padānupadiko hutvā nikkhami. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca anuruddho yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsū’’ti. Upasaṅkamiṃsūti. Paṭipāṭiyā ṭhitā tayo candā viya, sūriyā viya, sīhā viya ca virocamānā upasaṅkamiṃsu.

333. Evaṃ upasaṅkamante pana te mahāthere āyasmā ānando attano divāṭṭhāne nisinnoyeva disvā, ‘‘ajja mahantaṃ dhammassavanaṃ bhavissati, mayāpi tassa bhāginā bhavitabbaṃ, na kho pana ekakova gamissāmi, mayhaṃ piyasahāyampi revatattheraṃ gahetvā gamissāmī’’ti sabbaṃ mahāmoggallānassa mahākassapassa anuruddhassa upasaṅkamane vuttanayeneva vitthārato veditabbaṃ. Iti te dve janā paṭipāṭiyā ṭhitā dve candā viya, sūriyā viya, sīhā viya ca virocamānā upasaṅkamiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘addasā kho āyasmā sāriputto’’tiādi . Disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocāti dūratova disvā anukkamena kathāupacāraṃ sampattametaṃ, ‘‘etu kho āyasmā’’tiādivacanaṃ avoca. Ramaṇīyaṃ, āvusoti ettha duvidhaṃ rāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ puggalarāmaṇeyyakañca. Tattha vanaṃ nāma nāgasalaḷasālacampakādīhi sañchannaṃ hoti bahalacchāyaṃ pupphaphalūpagaṃ vividharukkhaṃ udakasampannaṃ gāmato nissaṭaṃ, idaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ nāma. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘Ramaṇīyāni araññāni, yattha na ramatī jano;

Vītarāgā ramissanti, na te kāmagavesino’’ti. (dha. pa. 99);

Vanaṃ pana sacepi ujjaṅgale hoti nirudakaṃ viralacchāyaṃ kaṇṭakasamākiṇṇaṃ, buddhādayopettha ariyā viharanti, idaṃ puggalarāmaṇeyyakaṃ nāma. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, ninne vā yadi vā thale;

Yattha arahanto viharanti, taṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyaka’’nti. (dha. pa. 98);

Idha pana taṃ duvidhampi labbhati. Tadā hi gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sabbapāliphullaṃ hoti kusumagandhasugandhaṃ, sadevake cettha loke aggapuggalo sammāsambuddho tiṃsasahassamattehi abhiññātabhikkhūhi saddhiṃ viharati. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso ānanda, gosiṅgasālavana’’nti.

Dosināti dosāpagatā, abbhaṃ mahikā dhūmo rajo rāhūti imehi pañcahi upakkilesehi virahitāti vuttaṃ hoti. Sabbapāliphullāti sabbattha pāliphullā, mūlato paṭṭhāya yāva aggā apupphitaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthi. Dibbā maññe gandhā sampavantīti dibbā mandārapupphakoviḷārapāricchattakacandanacuṇṇagandhā viya samantā pavāyanti, sakkasuyāsantusitanimmānaratiparanimmitamahābrahmānaṃ otiṇṇaṭṭhānaṃ viya vāyantīti vuttaṃ hoti.

Kathaṃrūpena, āvuso ānandāti ānandatthero tesaṃ pañcannaṃ therānaṃ saṅghanavakova. Kasmā thero taṃyeva paṭhamaṃ pucchatīti? Mamāyitattā. Te hi dve therā aññamaññaṃ mamāyiṃsu. Sāriputtatthero, ‘‘mayā kattabbaṃ satthu upaṭṭhānaṃ karotī’’ti ānandattheraṃ mamāyi. Ānandatthero bhagavato sāvakānaṃ aggoti sāriputtattheraṃ mamāyi, kuladārake pabbājetvā sāriputtattherassa santike upajjhaṃ gaṇhāpesi. Sāriputtattheropi tatheva akāsi. Evaṃ ekamekena attano pattacīvaraṃ datvā pabbājetvā upajjhaṃ gaṇhāpitāni pañca bhikkhusatāni ahesuṃ. Āyasmā ānando paṇītāni cīvarādīnipi labhitvā therasseva deti.

Eko kira brāhmaṇo cintesi – ‘‘buddharatanassa ca saṅgharatanassa ca pūjā paññāyati, kathaṃ nu kho dhammaratanaṃ pūjitaṃ nāma hotī’’ti? So bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ pucchi. Bhagavā āha – ‘‘sacesi, brāhmaṇa, dhammaratanaṃ pūjitukāmo, ekaṃ bahussutaṃ pūjehī’’ti bahussutaṃ, bhante, ācikkhathāti bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pucchati. So bhikkhusaṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bahussutaṃ, bhante, ācikkhathāti āha. Ānandatthero brāhmaṇāti. Brāhmaṇo theraṃ sahassagghanikena cīvarena pūjesi. Thero taṃ gahetvā bhagavato santikaṃ agamāsi. Bhagavā ‘‘kuto, ānanda, laddha’’nti āha. Ekena, bhante, brāhmaṇena dinnaṃ, idaṃ panāhaṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmoti. Dehi, ānandāti. Cārikaṃ pakkanto, bhanteti. Āgatakāle dehīti. Sikkhāpadaṃ, bhante, paññattanti. Kadā pana sāriputto āgamissatīti? Dasāhamattena, bhanteti. ‘‘Anujānāmi, ānanda, dasāhaparamaṃ atirekacīvaraṃ nikkhipitu’’nti (pārā. 461; mahāva. 347) sikkhāpadaṃ paññapesi. Sāriputtattheropi tatheva yaṃkiñci manāpaṃ labhati, taṃ ānandattherassa deti. Evaṃ te therā aññamaññaṃ mamāyiṃsu, iti mamāyitattā paṭhamaṃ pucchi.

Apica anumatipucchā nāmesā khuddakato paṭṭhāya pucchitabbā hoti. Tasmā thero cintesi – ‘‘ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ ānandaṃ pucchissāmi, ānando attano paṭibhānaṃ byākarissati. Tato revataṃ, anuruddhaṃ, mahākassapaṃ, mahāmoggallānaṃ pucchissāmi. Mahāmoggallāno attano paṭibhānaṃ byākarissati. Tato pañcapi therā maṃ pucchissanti, ahampi attano paṭibhānaṃ byākarissāmī’’ti. Ettāvatāpi ayaṃ dhammadesanā sikhāppattā vepullappattā na bhavissati, atha mayaṃ sabbepi dasabalaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchissāma, satthā sabbaññutaññāṇena byākarissati. Ettāvatā ayaṃ dhammadesanā sikhāppattā vepullappattā bhavissati. Yathā hi janapadamhi uppanno aṭṭo gāmabhojakaṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmiṃ nicchituṃ asakkonte janapadabhojakaṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmiṃ asakkonte mahāvinicchayaamaccaṃ, tasmiṃ asakkonte senāpatiṃ, tasmiṃ asakkonte uparājaṃ, tasmiṃ vinicchituṃ asakkonte rājānaṃ pāpuṇāti, raññā vinicchitakālato paṭṭhāya aṭṭo aparāparaṃ na sañcarati, rājavacaneneva chijjati. Evamevaṃ ahañhi paṭhamaṃ ānandaṃ pucchissāmi…pe… atha mayaṃ sabbepi dasabalaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchissāma, satthā sabbaññutaññāṇena byākarissati. Ettāvatā ayaṃ dhammadesanā sikhāppattā vepullappattā bhavissati. Evaṃ anumatipucchaṃ pucchanto thero paṭhamaṃ ānandattheraṃ pucchi.

Bahussuto hotīti bahu assa sutaṃ hoti, navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ pāḷianusandhipubbāparavasena uggahitaṃ hotīti attho. Sutadharoti sutassa ādhārabhūto. Yassa hi ito gahitaṃ ito palāyati, chiddaghaṭe udakaṃ viya na tiṭṭhati, parisamajjhe ekaṃ suttaṃ vā jātakaṃ vā kathetuṃ vā vācetuṃ vā na sakkoti, ayaṃ na sutadharo nāma. Yassa pana uggahitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ uggahitakālasadisameva hoti, dasapi vīsatipi vassāni sajjhāyaṃ akarontassa na nassati, ayaṃ sutadharo nāma. Sutasannicayoti sutassa sannicayabhūto. Yathā hi sutaṃ hadayamañjūsāya sannicitaṃ silāyaṃ lekhā viya, suvaṇṇaghaṭe pakkhittasīhavasā viya ca ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati, ayaṃ sutasannicayo nāma. Dhātāti ṭhitā paguṇā. Ekaccassa hi uggahitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ dhātaṃ paguṇaṃ niccalitaṃ na hoti, asukasuttaṃ vā jātakaṃ vā kathehīti vutte sajjhāyitvā saṃsanditvā samanuggāhitvā jānissāmīti vadati. Ekaccassa dhātaṃ paguṇaṃ bhavaṅgasotasadisaṃ hoti, asukasuttaṃ vā jātakaṃ vā kathehīti vutte uddharitvā tameva katheti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘dhātā’’ti.

Vacasā paricitāti suttadasaka-vaggadasaka-paṇṇāsadasakānaṃ vasena vācāya sajjhāyitā. Manasānupekkhitāti cittena anupekkhitā, yassa vācāya sajjhāyitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ manasā cintentassa tattha tattha pākaṭaṃ hoti. Mahādīpaṃ jāletvā ṭhitassa rūpagataṃ viya paññāyati. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā’’ti. Diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhāti atthato ca kāraṇato ca paññāya suppaṭividdhā. Parimaṇḍalehipadabyañjanehīti ettha padameva atthassa byañjanato padabyañjanaṃ, taṃ akkharapāripūriṃ katvā dasavidhabyañjanabuddhiyo aparihāpetvā vuttaṃ parimaṇḍalaṃ nāma hoti, evarūpehi padabyañjanehīti attho. Apica yo bhikkhu parisati dhammaṃ desento suttaṃ vā jātakaṃ vā nikkhapitvā aññaṃ upārambhakaraṃ suttaṃ āharati, tassa upamaṃ katheti, tadatthaṃ ohāreti, evamidaṃ gahetvā ettha khipanto ekapasseneva pariharanto kālaṃ ñatvā vuṭṭhahati. Nikkhittasuttaṃ pana nikkhattamattameva hoti, tassa kathā aparimaṇḍalā nāma hoti. Yo pana suttaṃ vā jātakaṃ vā nikkhipitvā bahi ekapadampi agantvā pāḷiyā anusandhiñca pubbāparañca amakkhento ācariyehi dinnanaye ṭhatvā tulikāya paricchindanto viya, gambhīramātikāya udakaṃ pesento viya, padaṃ koṭṭento sindhavājānīyo viya gacchati, tassa kathā parimaṇḍalā nāma hoti. Evarūpiṃ kathaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘parimaṇḍalehi padabyañjanehī’’ti vuttaṃ.

Anuppabandhehīti ettha yo bhikkhu dhammaṃ kathento suttaṃ vā jātakaṃ vā ārabhitvā āraddhakālato paṭṭhāya turitaturito araṇiṃ manthento viya, uṇhakhādanīyaṃ khādanto viya, pāḷiyā anusandhipubbāparesu gahitaṃ gahitameva aggahitaṃ aggahitameva ca katvā purāṇapaṇṇantaresu caramānaṃ godhaṃ uṭṭhapento viya tattha tattha paharanto osāpento ohāya gacchati. Yopi dhammaṃ kathento kālena sīghaṃ kālena dandhaṃ kālena mahāsaddaṃ kālena khuddakasaddaṃ karoti. Yathā petaggi kālena jalati, kālena nibbāyati, evameva idha petaggidhammakathiko nāma hoti, parisāya uṭṭhātukāmāya punappunaṃ ārabhati. Yopi kathento tattha tattha vitthāyati, nitthunanto kandanto viya katheti, imesaṃ sabbesampi kathā appabandhā nāma hoti. Yo pana suttaṃ ārabhitvā ācariyehi dinnanaye ṭhito acchinnadhāraṃ katvā nadīsotaṃ viya pavatteti, ākāsagaṅgato bhassamānaṃ udakaṃ viya nirantaraṃ kathaṃ pavatteti, tassa kathā anuppabandhā hoti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘anuppabandhehī’’ti. Anusayasamugghātāyāti sattannaṃ anusayānaṃ samugghātatthāya. Evarūpenāti evarūpena bahussutena bhikkhunā tathārūpeneva bhikkhusatena bhikkhusahassena vā saṅghāṭikaṇṇena vā saṅghāṭikaṇṇaṃ, pallaṅkena vā pallaṅkaṃ āhacca nisinnena gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyya. Iminā nayena sabbavāresu attho veditabbo.

334. Paṭisallānaṃ assa ārāmoti paṭisallānārāmo. Paṭisallāne ratoti paṭisallānarato.

335.Sahassaṃlokānanti sahassaṃ lokadhātūnaṃ. Ettakañhi therassa dhuvasevanaṃ āvajjanapaṭibaddhaṃ, ākaṅkhamāno pana thero anekānipi cakkavāḷasahassāni voloketiyeva. Uparipāsādavaragatoti sattabhūmakassa vā navabhūmakassa vā pāsādavarassa upari gato. Sahassaṃ nemimaṇḍalānaṃ volokeyyāti pāsādapariveṇe nābhiyā patiṭṭhitānaṃ nemivaṭṭiyā nemivaṭṭiṃ āhacca ṭhitānaṃ nemimaṇḍalānaṃ sahassaṃ vātapānaṃ vivaritvā olokeyya, tassa nābhiyopi pākaṭā honti, arāpi arantarānipi nemiyopi. Evameva kho, āvusoti, āvuso, evaṃ ayampi dibbacakkhuko bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Tassa pāsāde ṭhitapurisassa cakkanābhiyo viya cakkavāḷasahasse sinerusahassaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Arā viya dīpā pākaṭā honti. Arantarāni viya dīpaṭṭhitamanussā pākaṭā honti. Nemiyo viya cakkavāḷapabbatā pākaṭā honti.

336.Āraññikoti samādiṇṇaaraññadhutaṅgo. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.

337.No ca saṃsādentīti na osādenti. Sahetukañhi sakāraṇaṃ katvā pañhaṃ pucchituṃ vissajjitumpi asakkonto saṃsādeti nāma. Evaṃ na karontīti attho. Pavattinī hotīti nadīsotodakaṃ viya pavattati.

338.Yāyavihārasamāpattiyāti yāya lokiyāya vihārasamāpattiyā, yāya lokuttarāya vihārasamāpattiyā.

339.Sādhu sādhu sāriputtāti ayaṃ sādhukāro ānandattherassa dinno. Sāriputtattherena pana saddhiṃ bhagavā ālapati. Esa nayo sabbattha. Yathā taṃ ānandovāti yathā ānandova sammā byākaraṇamāno byākareyya, evaṃ byākataṃ ānandena attano anucchavikameva, ajjhāsayānurūpameva byākatanti attho. Ānandatthero hi attanāpi bahussuto, ajjhāsayopissa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘aho vata sāsane sabrahmacārī bahussutā bhaveyyu’’nti. Kasmā? Bahussutassa hi kappiyākappiyaṃ sāvajjānavajjaṃ, garukalahukaṃ satekicchātekicchaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti. Bahussuto uggahitabuddhavacanaṃ āvajjitvā imasmiṃ ṭhāne sīlaṃ kathitaṃ, imasmiṃ samādhi, imasmiṃ vipassanā, imasmiṃ maggaphalanibbānānīti sīlassa āgataṭṭhāne sīlaṃ pūretvā, samādhissa āgataṭṭhāne samādhiṃ pūretvā vipassanāya āgataṭṭhāne vipassanāgabbhaṃ gaṇhāpetvā maggaṃ bhāvetvā phalaṃ sacchikaroti. Tasmā therassa evaṃ ajjhāsayo hoti – ‘‘aho vata sabrahmacārī ekaṃ vā dve vā tayo vā cattāro vā pañca vā nikāye uggahetvā āvajjantā sīlādīnaṃ āgataṭṭhānesu sīlādīni paripūretvā anukkamena maggaphalanibbānāni sacchikareyyu’’nti. Sesavāresupi eseva nayo.

340. Āyasmā hi revato jhānajjhāsayo jhānābhirato, tasmāssa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘aho vata sabrahmacārī ekikā nisīditvā kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbattetvā jhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā lokuttaradhammaṃ sacchikareyyu’’nti. Tasmā evaṃ byākāsi.

341. Āyasmā anuruddho dibbacakkhuko, tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘aho vata sabrahmacārī ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dibbena cakkhunā anekesu cakkavāḷasahassesu cavamāne ca upapajjamāne ca satte disvā vaṭṭabhayena cittaṃ saṃvejetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā lokuttaradhammaṃ sacchikareyyu’’nti. Tasmā evaṃ byākāsi.

342. Āyasmā mahākassapo dhutavādo, tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘aho vata sabrahmacārī dhutavādā hutvā dhutaṅgānubhāvena paccayataṇhaṃ milāpetvā aparepi nānappakāre kilese dhunitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā lokuttaradhammaṃ sacchikareyyu’’nti. Tasmā evaṃ byākāsi.

343. Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno samādhipāramiyā matthakaṃ patto, sukhumaṃ pana cittantaraṃ khandhantaraṃ dhātvantaraṃ āyatanantaraṃ jhānokkantikaṃ ārammaṇokkantikaṃ aṅgavavatthānaṃ ārammaṇavavatthānaṃ aṅgasaṅkanti ārammaṇasaṅkanti ekatovaḍḍhanaṃ ubhatovaḍḍhananti ābhidhammikadhammakathikasseva pākaṭaṃ. Anābhidhammiko hi dhammaṃ kathento – ‘‘ayaṃ sakavādo ayaṃ paravādo’’ti na jānāti. Sakavādaṃ dīpessāmīti paravādaṃ dīpeti, paravādaṃ dīpessāmīti sakavādaṃ dīpeti, dhammantaraṃ visaṃvādeti. Ābhidhammiko sakavādaṃ sakavādaniyāmeneva , paravādaṃ paravādaniyāmeneva dīpeti, dhammantaraṃ na visaṃvādeti. Tasmā therassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘aho vata sabrahmacārī ābhidhammikā hutvā sukhumesu ṭhānesu ñāṇaṃ otāretvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā lokuttaradhammaṃ sacchikareyyu’’nti. Tasmā evaṃ byākāsi.

344. Āyasmā sāriputto paññāpāramiyā matthakaṃ patto, paññavāyeva ca cittaṃ attano vase vattetuṃ sakkoti, na duppañño. Duppañño hi uppannassa cittassa vase vattetvā ito cito ca vipphanditvāpi katipāheneva gihibhāvaṃ patvā anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tasmā therassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘aho vata sabrahmacārī acittavasikā hutvā cittaṃ attano vase vattetvā sabbānassa visevitavipphanditāni bhañjitvā īsakampi bahi nikkhamituṃ adentā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā lokuttaradhammaṃ sacchikareyyu’’nti. Tasmā evaṃ byākāsi.

345.Sabbesaṃ vo, sāriputta, subhāsitaṃ pariyāyenāti sāriputta, yasmā saṅghārāmassa nāma bahussutabhikkhūhipi sobhanakāraṇaṃ atthi, jhānābhiratehipi, dibbacakkhukehipi, dhutavādehipi, ābhidhammikehipi, acittavasikehipi sobhanakāraṇaṃ atthi. Tasmā sabbesaṃ vo subhāsitaṃ pariyāyena, tena tena kāraṇena subhāsitameva, no dubbhāsitaṃ. Apica mamapi suṇāthāti apica mamapi vacanaṃ suṇātha. Na tāvāhaṃ imaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmīti na tāva ahaṃ imaṃ caturaṅgavīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāya ābhujitaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmi, na mocessāmīti attho. Idaṃ kira bhagavā paripākagate ñāṇe rajjasiriṃ pahāya katābhinikkhamano anupubbena bodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha caturaṅgavīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāya aparājitapallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā daḷhasamādāno hutvā nisinno tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ bhinditvā paccūsasamaye dasasahassilokadhātuṃ unnādento sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhi, taṃ attano mahābodhipallaṅkaṃ sandhāya evamāha. Apica pacchimaṃ janataṃ anukampamānopi paṭipattisāraṃ puthujjanakalyāṇakaṃ dassento evamāha. Passati hi bhagavā – ‘‘anāgate evaṃ ajjhāsayā kulaputtā iti paṭisañcikkhissanti, ‘bhagavā mahāgosiṅgasuttaṃ kathento idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ…pe… evarūpena kho, sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyāti āha, mayaṃ bhagavato ajjhāsayaṃ gaṇhissāmā’ti pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā caturaṅgavīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāya daḷhasamādānā hutvā ‘arahattaṃ appatvā imaṃ pallaṅkaṃ na bhindissāmā’ti samaṇadhammaṃ kātabbaṃ maññissanti, te evaṃ paṭipannā katipāheneva jātijarāmaraṇassa antaṃ karissantī’’ti, imaṃ pacchimaṃ janataṃ anukampamāno paṭipattisāraṃ puthujjanakalyāṇakaṃ dassento evamāha. Evarūpena kho, sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyāti, sāriputta, evarūpena bhikkhunā nippariyāyeneva gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyāti yathānusandhināva desanaṃ niṭṭhapesīti.

Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya

Mahāgosiṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.