A World of Knowledge

    Medical Topics

    An inherited disorder marked by the formation of many noncancerous growths called hamartomas. These growths occur in the skin, breast, thyroid, colon,… »
    A person living in the United States of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or… »
    The substitution of missing data with the average derived from multiple datasets of data that is not missing. »
    Multiple meningiomas that arises from the spinal meninges. »
    A lobular hemangioma present in multiple anatomical sites. »
    A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). Also called Kahler disease, myelomatosis, and… »
    The heavy chain of the immunoglobulin, IgA, is defective. This is the second most common type of multiple myeloma (~20%). … »
    The heavy chain of the immunoglobulin, IgD, is defective. This multiple myeloma subtype is very rare (~1%). »
    The heavy chain of the immunoglobulin, IgE, is defective. This multiple myeloma subtype is extremely rare. »
    The heavy chain, IgG, of the immunoglobulin is defective. This is the most common type of multiple myeloma (>50%). »
    The heavy chain, IgM, of the immunoglobulin is defective. This finding is seen in other lymphocytic/plasmacytic disorders as well, including Waldenstrom… »
    Only the light chain (kappa or lambda) of the immunoglobulin is defective. »
    Point mutations at various locations in a DNA sequence from either a eukaryotic or prokaryotic organism that causes a base change which… »
    Complete impairment of two or more organs or organ systems. »
    A neoplastic chondrogenic process affecting multiple sites. Grossly and microscopically it resembles an osteochondroma. »
    A gestation with more than one fertilized egg implanted as a viable fetus in the uterus. »
    A disorder of the central nervous system marked by weakness, numbness, a loss of muscle coordination, and problems with vision, speech, and… »
    A rare genetic neoplastic disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance characterized by multiple, recurrent skin cancers that spontaneously resolve. It… »
    A morphologic finding referring to the presence of multiple foci of serpentine necrosis and glial cell perivascular pseudopalisading in a glioma. … »
    Multiple meningiomas that affect the skull base. »
    A rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in SUMF1 gene. It is characterized by deficiency of all sulfatase… »
    A rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of autonomic nervous system functions and disturbances of motor, balance and muscle coordination. »
    A method of obtaining descriptive parameters having physiological significance from plots whose points at various times are computed from dynamic scan data… »
    Multiple point mutations in a DNA sequence from eukaryotic or prokaryotic organisms in which each mutation occurs by substitution of a purine… »
    Multiple point mutations in a DNA sequence from eukaryotic or prokaryotic organisms in which each mutation occurs by substitution of a purine… »
    A laboratory test in which many genes are studied in a sample of tissue. Multiple-gene panel tests may help find mutations (changes)… »
    A laboratory test in which many genes are studied in a sample of tissue. Multiple-gene tests may help find mutations (changes) in… »
    An arithmetic operation by which the product of two numbers is computed, symbolized by x or *. »
    A quantity obtained by multiplication. »
    A large number or variety. »
    A number by which another number is multiplied. »
    A device designed to take an input and increase some characteristic of it. »
    To combine or increase by multiplication. »
    A nerve cell with several processes, usually an axon and three or more dendrites. »
    Having the ability to develop into more than one cell type of the body. See also pluripotent and totipotent. »
    A specialized, self-renewing cell in the bone marrow that has the capacity to differentiate into a cell with a particular function. … »
    A specialized, self-renewing cell in the bone marrow that has the capacity to differentiate into a cell with a particular function, but… »
    A cell that can only differentiate to a particular type of cells (e.g. hematopoietic cells or epithelial cells). --2005 »
    A standard file format for transferring non-textual data over the internet. »
    Having ancestors of several or various races. »
    A substance being studied in the treatment of several types of cancer. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ABT-869 blocks the action of… »
    An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor JNJ-26483327 binds to and inhibits… »
    An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor MGCD265 binds to and inhibits the… »
    A capsule formulation containing a small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor of KIT, CSF1R and FLT3 with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted tyrosine… »
    An orally bioavailable small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. XL647 binds to and inhibits several tyrosine receptor kinases… »
    A normal distribution which models more than one variable of interest. The parameters of the multivariate normal distribution include the mean and… »
    A membrane-bound vesicle that encompasses several smaller membrane-bound vesicles. »
    A dietary supplement containing all or most of the vitamins that may not be readily available in the diet. Vitamins may be… »
    A dietary supplement containing all or most of the vitamins and some minerals which may not be readily available in the… »
    A contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. Symptoms include swollen and tender parotid glands, fever, muscle aches and fatigue. Due… »
    A type of paramyxovirus. It spreads from person to person through coughs, sneezes and saliva, as well as through contact with contaminated… »
    A type of bean grown in warm climates, usually for its seed and for bean sprouts. Mung bean may have anticancer… »
    A political unit, such as a city, town, or village, incorporated for local self-government. »
    A complete device charged with explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, initiating composition, or nuclear, biological, or chemical material for use in military operations, including… »
    A natural crotonic acid derivative extracted from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Mupirocin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by specific reversible binding to bacterial isoleucyl tRNA… »
    The calcium salt form of mupirocin, a natural crotonic acid derivative extracted from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Mupirocin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by specific… »
    A dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, with hypoglycemic activity. Muraglitazar causes an increase in HDL-C levels, and a decrease in total… »
    A naturally occurring component of bacterial cell walls that has the capacity to activate macrophages. »
    A drug being studied in the treatment of young adults with bone cancer that has gotten worse or come back. Muramyl tripeptide… »
    A water-soluble prodrug, consisting of camptothecin covalently linked to polymeric backbone methacryloylglycynamide, with potential antineoplastic activity. After entering tumor cells, the active… »
    Taxonomic family which includes mice, rats, and gerbils. »
    Erythrocytes with protoplasmic projections giving the cell a thorny appearance. »
    any of the cells lining an acinus; acinus is a general term used to designate a small saclike dilatation, particularly one found… »
    The outer layer of the adrenal gland. It secretes mineralocorticoids, androgens, and glucocorticoids. »
    Round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs. They ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of… »
    Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The… »
    The space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and… »
    The part of the eye anterior to the lens, including but not limited to the anterior chamber, cornea and related structures. … »
    The glandular or anterior lobe of the pituitary gland which secretes several hormones. »
    The largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many… »
    The organs involved with detecting and processing auditory information, including the pinna, external auditory canal, ear drum, middle ear, and inner ear… »
    Immunologically important lymphocyte that is not thymus-dependent, is either short-lived and naive or long-lived and of memory phenotype, and resembles the bursa-derived… »
    Mucus-secreting glands situated on the posterior and lateral aspect of the vestibule of the vagina. »
    Granular leukocytes characterized by a relatively pale-staining, lobate nucleus and cytoplasm containing coarse dark-staining granules of variable size and stainable by basic… »
    Any of the ducts conveying bile between the liver and the intestine, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile duct. »
    Blast cells are in an immature (undifferentiated) stage in cellular development, occurring before the appearance of the definitive characteristics exhibited by fully… »
    One of the cells of the blood, a leukocyte or erythrocyte. SYN blood corpuscle. »
    breast. 1. The pectoral surface of the thorax. 2. The organ of milk secretion; one of two hemispheric projections of variable size… »
    The part of the conjunctiva, a thin transparent mucous membrane, that is loosely attached the orbital septum and covers the anterior surface… »
    Human colonic adenocarcinoma cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as enterocytes or mucus… »
    Cells of, or derived from, a malignant tumor. »
    The paired upper chambers of the heart. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and pumps blood into… »
    A small epidermoid structure of the conjunctiva of the eye that lies near the inner canthus. It serves as a transition… »
    CD8+ T lymphocytes are one type of T-lymphocyte which bears the CD8 molecular marker on its cell surface. Some CD8 cells recognize… »
    The smallest units of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or… »
    That portion of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord. (Dorland, 28th ed) (MSH98) »
    Epithelial cells that line the basal half of the gastric glands. Chief cells synthesize and secrete pepsinogen, a precursor of the enzyme… »
    Polymorphic cells that form cartilage. »
    A villous structure of tangled masses of BLOOD VESSELS contained within the third, lateral, and fourth ventricles of the BRAIN. It regulates… »
    A tumor progenitor cell. »
    The part of the internal ear that is concerned with hearing. It forms the anterior part of the labyrinth, is conical, and… »
    Bile ducts are passageways that carry bile. Two major bile ducts come together into a "trunk"-the common bile duct which empties into… »
    A thin, transparent mucous membrane that covers the posterior surface of lids (palpebral conjunctiva) and the outer surface of the sclera (bulbar… »
    A group of cells that includes FIBROBLASTS, cartilage cells, ADIPOCYTES, smooth muscle cells, and bone cells. »
    The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye consisting of five layers: stratified squamous epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's… »
    The hollow muscular organ in which the impregnated ovum is developed into the child; it is about 7.5 cm in length in… »
    A hybrid cell with cytoplasm (or cytoplasmic components) of one cell inserted into another cell. »
    Dendritic Cells are immunocompetent cells of the lymphoid and hemopoietic systems and skin. They function morphologically and phenotypically by presenting or processing… »
    The paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the THALAMUS, HYPOTHALAMUS, EPITHALAMUS, and SUBTHALAMUS are derived. »
    encompasses the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, biliary tract, pancreas, liver, and associated hormones and secretions. »
    Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch… »
    The organ of hearing: composed of the external ear, which includes the auricle and the external acoustic, or auditory, meatus; the middle… »
    Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and can give rise to all of the different types of specialized cells in the body but… »
    The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells. »
    Ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. (MSH98) … »
    The inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. »
    One of the squamous cells forming the lining of blood and lymph vessels and the inner layer of the endocardium. SYN… »
    Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round… »
    A thin membrane that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the SPINAL CORD. »
    A thin fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of the anteriors sclera and contains blood vessels which supply the sclera. … »
    The dorsal posterior subdivision of the diencephalon. The epithalamus is generally considered to include the habenular nuclei (HABENULA) and associated fiber bundles,… »
    Cells that cover the surface of the body and line its cavities. »
    Characteristic cells of granulomatous hypersensitivity. They appear as large, flattened cells with increased endoplasmic reticulum. They are believed to be activated macrophages… »
    Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. »
    The portion of the digestive canal between the pharynx and stomach. It is about 25 cm long and consists of three parts:… »
    A tubular structure that runs from the middle ear to the nasopharynx and is approximately 3-4 cm length. Its lumen is roughly… »
    A gland from which secretions reach a free surface of the body by ducts. »
    That part of the ear canal external to the ear drum »
    Two long muscular tubes that transport ova from the ovaries to the uterus. They extend from the horn of the uterus to… »
    The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee. »
    Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. »
    Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) located in the follicles of secondary lymphoid organs. These dendritic cells are unique because of their location,… »
    The paired, mucosal lined air spaces located above the orbit and communicating with the nasal passages. »
    Clusters of multipolar neurons surrounded by a capsule of loosely organized CONNECTIVE TISSUE located outside the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. »
    All the organs involved in reproduction and the formation and release of URINE. It includes the kidneys, ureters, BLADDER, URETHRA, and the… »
    The germ cells, collectively as distinguished from the somatic cells or soma, are the reproductive cells of the body, specifically, either egg… »
    The vocal apparatus of the larynx, consisting of the true vocal cords (plica vocalis) and the opening between them (rima glottidis). … »
    Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups: NEUTROPHILS, EOSINOPHILS, and BASOPHILS. »
    Non-encapsulated accumulations of lymphoid tissue in the alimentary tract that form a secretory immune system containing cells committed to IgA or IgE… »
    The epithelium which lines the intestinal tract. »
    For oncology, area of the body generally construed to comprise base of skull and facial bones, sinuses, orbits, salivary glands, oral cavity,… »
    A parenchymal liver cell. »
    A macrophage present in connective tissue. »
    Hypothalamus is an important supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. It is composed of several… »
    The complex group of organs like thymus, spleen, tonsils, lymphatic system, hematopoetic system and cells like lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and macrophages that… »
    An intracranial venous sinus that lies in a midline location along the lower free border of the falx cerebri of the… »
    The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs. »
    The internal ear; the essential part of the organ of hearing. It consists of an osseous and a membranous portion. »
    nodes that lie along the course of a lymphatic vessel between a primary melanoma site and a recognized node field. (from Medscape)… »
    Arteries which have their origins within the intracranial cavity. »
    The brain, intracranial portions of the cranial nerves, intracranial blood vessels, intracranial meninges and other surrounding and supporting structures contained with the… »
    The most anterior portion of the uveal layer, separating the anterior chamber from the posterior. It consists of two layers - the… »
    Veins in the neck which drain the brain, face, and neck into the brachiocephalic or subclavian veins. »
    Epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo characteristic changes as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the… »
    Dendritic clear cells in the epidermis, containing distinctive granules that appear rod- or racket-shaped in section, but lacking tonofilaments, melanosomes, and desmosomes;… »
    The nine cartilages of the larynx, including the cricoid, thyroid and epiglottic, and two each of arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform. »
    The rostral extensions of the ventricular system of the brain consisting of two cavities, one on each side of the brain within… »
    A biconvex transparent structure of the eye through which light is focused on the retina. The lens sits behind the iris… »
    not classifiable to C16.1 to C16.4 »
    Either of the two fleshy, full-blooded margins of the mouth. »
    The cells of the corpus luteum which are derived from the granulosa cells and the theca cells of the Graafian follicle. … »
    Blast cells are in an immature (undifferentiated) stage in cellular development, occurring before the appearance of the definitive characteristics exhibited by fully… »
    White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the… »
    Lymphocytes that show specificity for autologous tumor cells. Ex vivo isolation and culturing of TIL with interleukin-2, followed by reinfusion into the… »
    Cytolytic lymphocytes with the unique capacity of killing natural killer (NK)-resistant fresh tumor cells. They are interleukin-2-activated NK cells that have no… »
    The male reproductive organs. They are divided into the external organs (penis, scrotum, and urethra) and the internal organs (testis, epididymis, ductus… »
    A cell originating from or isolated from an animal of class Mammalia. »
    A honeycombed section of bone located near the base of the skull, protruding behind the outer ear. It is connected to… »
    An immunotoxin consisting of a murine monoclonal antibody (MCA) conjugated to the toxin ricin. The monoclonal antibody component binds to cell surface… »
    The lower portion of the brainstem located between the pons and brainstem. This structure contains several descending and ascending tracts, lower… »
    Very large bone marrow cells which release mature blood platelets. »
    Epidermal dendritic pigment cells which control long-term morphological color changes by alteration in their number or in the amount of pigment they… »
    Chromatophores (large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates) which contain melanin. Short term color changes are brought about by… »
    Modified epidermal cells located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute, such as the… »
    The middle germ layer of the embryo. »
    The five long bones of the METATARSUS articulating with the TARSAL BONES proximally and the TOES (phalanges) distally. »
    The uppermost portion of the brainstem located between the pons and the diencephalon. The midbrain contains the cerebral peduncles, oculomotor, trochlear… »
    The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart. »
    A mouse monoclonal antibody that was raised against human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Antibody 225 competes with EGF or transforming growth… »
    A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 phosphoprotein, expressed on the cell surface of normal B-lymphocytes and B-cell lymphomas. »
    A murine monoclonal antibody directed against human colorectal carcinoma-associated cell-surface antigen D612. »
    Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented… »
    Monocytes made cytotoxic by ex vivo incubation with cytokines, especially interferon-gamma. AKM cells are used for adoptive immunotherapy in cancer patients. … »
    Cells which include the MONOCYTES and the GRANULOCYTES. »
    One of the two stem cells derived from HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS - the other being the lymphoid progenitor cell. Derived from these… »
    The muscle tissue of the HEART composed of striated, involuntary muscle known as cardiac muscle. »
    Natural killer cells are large granular lymphocytes which do not express markers of either T or B cell lineage. These cells do… »
    The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal… »
    The components of the eye that are also part of the nervous system, including the retina and optic nerve. »
    An embryonic nerve cell capable of differentiating into a neuron. »
    The non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They are divided into macroglia (ASTROCYTES, OLIGODENDROGLIA, and SCHWANN CELLS) and MICROGLIA. They not only… »
    Any of the conducting cells of the nervous system. A typical neuron consists of a cell body, containing the nucleus and the… »
    A specialized structure that serves as an organ of the sense of smell as well as part of the respiratory system; the… »
    The 1st cranial nerve. The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell. It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS… »
    Neurons in the olfactory epithelium with proteins (RECEPTORS, ODORANT) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. Olfactory receptor neurons are bipolar. They send… »
    A class of neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Oligodendroglia may be called interfascicular, perivascular, or perineuronal satellite cells according… »
    The 2nd cranial nerve. The optic nerve conveys visual information from the retina to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of… »
    The bony cavity of the skull which contains the eye, anterior portion of the optic nerve, ocular muscles and ocular adnexa. … »
    is an anatomical structure that consists of all members of one or more organ subclass; these members are interconnected by anatomical structures… »
    Mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the BONE MATRIX. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are… »
    The part of the conjunctiva, a thin transparent mucous membrane, that covers the posterior surface of the eyelids. »
    A mixed exocrine and endocrine gland situated transversely across the posterior abdominal wall in the epigastric and hypochondriac regions. The endocrine portion… »
    Ducts that collect PANCREATIC JUICE from the PANCREAS and supply it to the DUODENUM. »
    Epithelial cells found in the basal part of the intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkuhn). Paneth cells synthesize and secrete lysozyme and… »
    Two small paired endocrine glands located in the posterior region of the thyroid gland. Principle cell types include chief cells and… »
    Slender, contractile, mesenchymal-like cells found in close association with capillary walls. They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth… »
    The lower part of the abdomen that contains the intestines (the last part of the digestive tract), the stomach, and the… »
    Lymphoid tissue on the mucosa of the small intestine. »
    The muscles of the pharynx are the inferior, middle and superior constrictors, salpingopharyngeus, and stylopharyngeus. »
    Cells specialized to detect and transduce light. Rods and cones are the photoreceptors in the vertebrate retina. »
    A small conical midline body attached to the posterior part of the third ventricle and lying between the superior colliculi, below the… »
    A small, unpaired gland situated in the sella turcica tissue. It is connected to the hypothalamus by a short stalk. »
    Specialized forms of antibody-producing B-LYMPHOCYTES. They synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin. They are found only in lymphoid organs and at sites of immune… »
    The middle portion of the brainstem located between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata. The fourth ventricle lies dorsal to the… »
    The neural or post-neural lobe of the pituitary gland which stores and releases vasopressin, oxytocin, and neurophysins. »
    The anterior and posterior arteries created at the bifurcation of the popliteal artery. The anterior tibial artery begins at the lower border… »
    Cells which show sign/s, that they can become cancerous. »
    A gland in the male reproductive system just below the bladder. It surrounds part of the urethra, the canal that empties the… »
    The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs. »
    Splenic pulp seen grossly as a reddish brown substance, due to its abundance of red blood cells, consisting of splenic sinuses and… »
    Large cells of unknown origin, usually multinucleate, whose presence is the common histologic characteristic of HODGKIN DISEASE. »
    An area occupying the most posterior aspect of the abdominal cavity. It is bounded laterally by the borders of the quadratus lumborum… »
    A murine retrovirus that contains plasmid DNA (cDNA) coding for the B chain of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFB). Overexpressed in some… »
    Large single cells, either cylindrical or prismatic in shape, that form the basic unit of muscle tissue. They consist of a soft… »
    Neuroglial cells of the peripheral nervous system which form the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. »
    The white, opaque, fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea. It is… »
    Supporting cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testes in mammals. They surround and nourish developing sperm cells. They secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING… »
    The natural covering of the body; the skin. »
    A lymphoid cell of follicular center cell origin that has an irregularly shaped nucleus with clumped chromatin, absent nucleoli, and one or… »
    The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The… »
    Cells of the spleen. »
    An epithelium in which the cells are flattened. May be simple (e.g. Endothelium) or stratified (e.g. Epidermis). (On-line Medical Dictionary) »
    Primitive blood cells derived from embryonic mesenchyme capable of differentiating into any of the blood cell line progenitor cells (erythroblasts, young granulocytic… »
    The mouth, teeth, jaws, pharynx, and related structures as they relate to mastication, deglutition, and speech. »
    The part of the epidermis layer of the skin containing Langerhans cells, which are dendritic, MHC class II-expressing antigen presenting cells. … »
    The supporting connective tissue of an organ. (see also parenchyma) »
    Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and… »
    The continuation of the axillary vein which follows the subclavian artery and then joins the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic… »
    An intracranial venous sinus that lies in a superior and midline location above the interhemispheric fissure along the superior border of the… »
    The upper part of the larynx, including the epiglottis; the area above the vocal cords. »
    A thymocyte-derived lymphocyte of immunological importance that is long-lived (months to years) and is responsible for cell-mediated immunity. T lymphocyte cells form… »
    Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC),… »
    Subpopulation of CD4+ lymphocytes which induce CD8+ suppressor T-cells (T-LYMPHOCYTES, SUPPRESSOR-EFFECTOR) to suppress antibody production by B-cells. They also stimulate other cellular… »
    Type 1 Helper Cells are a subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete interleukin-2, gamma-interferon, and interleukin-12. Due to their ability… »
    Type 2 Helper Cells are a subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These… »
    A centrally placed component of the ventricular system of the brain located in the diencephalon. Cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles… »
    A cell that develops in the thymus, seemingly from a stem cell of bone marrow and of fetal liver, and is the… »
    A highly vascular endocrine gland consisting of two lobes, one on either side of the trachea, joined by a narrow isthmus; it… »
    Totipotent stem cells, such as the product of fertilization of an ovum and its progeny, are stem cells that have total potency… »
    Trachea -The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi. Bronchi-The larger air… »
    The 4th cranial nerve. The trochlear nerve carries the motor innervation of the superior oblique muscles of the eye. »
    Cells of, or derived from, a tumor. »
    Colony-forming cells which give rise to neoplasms. »
    New blood vessels formed by solid tumors. »
    A thin membrane that separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear. The movement of the tympanic membrane in response… »
    A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the mouse tumor associated antigen tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TYRP2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, murine… »
    One of the bones that comprise the forearm. The largest aspect articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint and the smallest… »
    A developmental defect characterized by failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum. (Dorland, 27th ed) »
    The appendages of the UTERUS: the FALLOPIAN TUBES, OVARIES, and supporting ligaments of the uterus. »
    The hollow muscular organ in which the impregnated ovum is developed into the child; it is about 7.5 cm in length in… »
    Duct carrying spermatozoa. »
    Four connected cavities (hollow spaces) in the brain. »
    The eighth cranial nerve composed of the acoustic nerve and the vestibular nerve. The nerve travels from the inner ear, enters… »
    Two small bands of muscle within the larynx. They close to prevent food from getting into the lungs, and they vibrate to… »
    The part of the spleen that consists of nodules and other lymphatic concentrations. »
    The fertilized ovum. »
    A type of monoclonal antibody used in cancer detection or therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced substances that can locate and bind to… »
    The common house mouse, often used as an experimental organism. »
    A subspecies of common house mouse (Mus musculus). »
    A species of mouse in the Muridae family found in northern Africa, Portugal, Spain, and France. »
    A nutritional supplement containing an extract of the skin of Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. The… »
    The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 1 is involved in mediation… »
    The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction… »
    Cholinergic Receptor, Muscarinic 4, encoded by the human CHRM4 gene, is a G protein-coupled receptor. The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a… »
    Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 protein (532 aa, 60 kD) is a cell communication process protein that is encoded by the human CHRM5… »
    A liquid, oromucosal formulation containing a muscarinic agonist with potential anti-xerostomia activity. Upon application to the inside lining of the mouth, muscarinic… »
    A process that involves the non-covalent interaction of acetylcholine with one of the five muscarinic receptors. These interactions play a role in… »
    One of the contractile organs of the body. »
    The loss of muscle tissue due to inactivity or disease. »
    Removal of tissue from the muscle, for microscopic examination. »
    A connective tissue cell with the ability to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy via a contractile apparatus. As part of the… »
    A morphologic finding indicating the presence of enlarged muscle cells in a muscle tissue sample. »
    The process where thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments slide against each other to produce a shortening or tensing of the muscle… »
    Permanent contraction of a muscle as a result of spasm or paralysis. »
    A sharp pain that occurs when a muscle suddenly contracts (tightens up). Cramps commonly occur in the abdomen and legs. »
    Muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary contractions or spasms in one or more of your muscles. They often occur after exercise or at… »
    Your muscles help you move and help your body work. Different types of muscles have different jobs. There are many problems that… »
    Skeletal muscle fibers having high myofibrillar ATPase activity, high glycolytic enzyme activities, and an intermediate glycogen content which produce a fast… »
    Skeletal muscle fibers having low myofibrillar ATPase activity, low glycogen content, and high myoglobin content, high mitochondrial oxidative enzyme activities, and an… »
    The smooth muscle component of an organ, especially of a hollow organ or tubular structure. »
    Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. »
    The physiology of muscle contraction »
    A special subset of proteins whose roles are directly related to the function of muscle cells. This group is comprised of both… »
    Any agent that relaxes skeletal muscles and reduces muscle contraction. »
    Synthetic compounds or mixtures with muscle relaxant activity. A muscle relaxant preparation is used to prevent muscle spasms by inhibiting muscle contractions… »
    A sudden, violent, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. »
    The Muscle Spindle is composed of intrafusal fibers that are located within and run parallel to the extrafusal fibers of skeletal… »
    Tissue responsible for the body movements and the shape and size changes of interna organs. Muscle tissue is composed of specialized… »
    A component of the Apgar score, it is the numerical value assigned to an assessment of the residual muscle tension of a… »
    A weakening, shrinking, and loss of muscle caused by disease or lack of use. Muscle wasting decreases strength and the ability to… »
    A reduction in the strength of one or more muscles. »
    A reduction in the strength of the muscles in the left side of the body. »
    A reduction in the strength of the lower limb muscles. »
    A reduction in the strength of the muscles in the right side of the body. »
    A reduction in the strength of the trunk muscles. »
    A reduction in the strength of the upper limb muscles. »
    Muscle, skeletal receptor tyrosine-protein kinase (869 aa, ~97 kDa) is encoded by the human MUSK gene. This protein is involved in receptor… »
    A group of inherited progressive muscle disorders characterized by muscle weakness and eventual death of the muscle tissues. Examples include Duchenne muscular… »
    Stiffness or inflexibility. »
    An involuntary, compulsive, repetitive stereotyped movement, usually of the face or shoulders. »
    A thin layer of smooth muscle fibers found as a part of the tunica mucosa in the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder… »
    The detrusor muscle of the bladder, forming the muscular wall of the bladder, consisting of the inner longitudinal; middle circular; and outer… »
    Musculin (206 aa, ~22 kDa) is encoded by the human MSC gene. This protein plays a role in both transcriptional regulation and… »
    Having to do with muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments, joints, and cartilage. »
    Congenital or acquired deformity of the musculoskeletal system. »
    Symptoms, physical examination results, and/or laboratory rest results related to the muscles and bones. »
    A subject domain utilized for the submission of information encompassing and representing data, vocabulary or records related to musculoskeletal findings, connective and… »
    Damage to the muscles, bones and their supportive structral attachments. »
    Discomfort referable to either the muscles or the bones themselves. »
    A Musculoskeletal Process consists of a function of cellular, cell, or tissue components of the organ system comprised of muscle, bone, and… »
    The system of muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its form. »
    A category of diseases that involve muscles and bones. »
    Any component of the system of muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its… »
    A triangular muscle in the back, connected to the vertebral column, arm, and shoulder. Its action involves adduction, medial rotation, and extension… »
    A method used to treat impotence (inability to have an erection). A suppository, in the form of a very small pellet, is… »
    A lesion having the shape of a mushroom. »
    Treatment that uses music to help relieve pain or stress and promote well-being. It is being studied in the treatment of several… »
    This gene plays a role in receptor tyrosine kinase signal transduction and in neuronal synapse function. »
    Human MUSK wild-type allele is located within 9q31.3-q32 and is approximately 132 kb in length. This allele, which encodes muscle, skeletal receptor… »
    A religious group that follows the words and belief system founded by the prophet Muhammad and are written in the Koran. … »
    A blistering agent primarily containing sulfur and chlorine groups that alkylates DNA to form DNA crosslinks, causing inhibition of DNA synthesis. … »
    A pale yellow, oily, highly toxic, volatile, liquid alkylating compound with a sweet to garlic-like odor that evaporates to a poisonous… »
    The vegetable oil pressed from seeds or the essential oil extracted from the seeds of Brassica nigra, Brassica juncea, or Brassica… »
    A mustard compound that gets converted to an active mustard alkylating agent at a tumor site, causing DNA cross-linking. These compounds may… »
    A drug used to treat non-Hodgkin lymphoma, advanced Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic leukemia, mycosis fungoides, and a type of lung cancer called bronchogenic… »
    Taxonomic family which includes the Ferret. »
    A drug used to treat non-Hodgkin lymphoma, advanced Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic leukemia, mycosis fungoides, and a type of lung cancer called bronchogenic… »
    Anything that causes a mutation (a change in the DNA of a cell). DNA changes caused by mutagens may harm cells and… »
    Production of genetic alterations by any technique, including chemicals, radiation, recombination, or other molecular biology methods. »
    A drug used to treat advanced cancer of the stomach and pancreas that has not gotten better with other treatment. It is… »
    An altered form of an individual, organism, population, or genetic character that differs from the corresponding wild type due to one or… »
    A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells which have been pulsed with a mutant p53 peptide. Vaccination with mutant p53 peptide… »
    To change the genetic material of a cell. The changes (mutations) can be harmful, beneficial, or have no effect. »
    Point-mutation products of Ras proto-oncogene are found to associated with a broad spectrum of human carcinomas. Mutation locations are notably at… »
    Any change in the DNA sequence of a cell. Mutations may be caused by mistakes during cell division, or they may be… »
    Any transmissible change in the genetic material of an organism, which can result from radiation, viral infection, transposition, treatment with mutagenic chemicals… »
    A procedure to test for the presence of a specific mutation or a set of mutations as opposed to complete gene sequencing… »
    A person who has a mutated (changed) copy of a gene. This change may cause a disease in that person or in… »
    The detection by physical, chemical, or biological means of an altered DNA sequence. Includes SSCP, DNA sequencing, hybridization, and reporter gene… »
    In avoiding recognition and removal by the mismatch repair system, a Mutation Fixation involves stabilization of a DNA sequence alteration in both… »
    The range of mutations that have occurred to a gene, or at a specific locus. »
    MutS Homolog 4, a 105-kD protein encoded by the MSH4 gene, belongs to the DNA mismatch repair muts family and is involved… »
    Referring to anything in which both parties have reciprocal rights, understanding or agreement. »
    Expresses the extent to which the observed frequency of co-occurrence differs from that expected under the null hypothesis. »
    Characterized or delimited reciprocally, in a mutual or shared manner. »
    This gene plays a role in the repair of oxidative DNA damage. »
    A molecular genetic abnormality that refers to the mutation of the MUTYH gene on chromosome 1p34.1. »
    Human MUTYH allele is located within 1p34.3-p32.1 and is approximately 92 kb in length. This allele, which encodes A/G-specific adenine DNA glycosylase… »
    An autosomal recessive hereditary neoplastic syndrome caused by mutations in the MUTYH gene on chromosome 1p34.1. It is characterized by the… »
    A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the gene for the CD4 epitope-rich C-terminal domain… »
    A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the suicide gene FCU1 with potential antineoplastic… »
    A bivalent cancer vaccine comprised of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strain encoding human mucin 1 (MUC1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) with… »
    A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding genes for prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate… »
    A regimen consisting of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin used for the treatment of advanced-stage bladder cancer. »
    A brand of cryofreezers designed to store samples in liquid nitrogen or vapor phase liquid nitrogen. »
    A combination peptide vaccine of 2 chimeric peptides of the promiscuous T cell epitope derived from measles virus fusion protein (MVF; amino… »
    A chimeric peptide immunogen of human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER-2) with antineoplastic property. HER-2 protein is a receptor tyrosine kinase and a… »
    This gene plays a role in vault ribonucleoprotein complex structure. »
    Human MVP wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 16p11.2 and is approximately 28 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that the status of distant metastasis cannot be assessed. »
    This gene plays a role in GTP hydrolysis, interferon signaling and apoptosis. »
    Human MX1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 21q22.3 and is approximately 39 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene plays a role in GTP hydrolysis. »
    Human MX2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 21q22.3 and is approximately 46 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene is involved in repression of transcription. »
    Human MXD1 wild-type allele is located within 2p13-p12 and is approximately 28 kb in length. This allele, which encodes MAD protein, plays… »
    This gene plays a role in regulation of transcription and mitosis. It is also involved in terminal differentiation. »
    Human MXI1 wild-type allele is located within 10q24-q25 and is approximately 80 kb in length. This allele, which encodes MAX-interacting protein 1,… »
    Pain in a muscle or group of muscles. »
    Any ocular weakness. All other muscles strength is normal. »
    Mild weakness affecting non-ocular muscles. May also have ocular muscle weakness. »
    Moderate weakness affecting non-ocular muscles. May also have ocular muscle weakness. »
    Severe weakness affecting non-ocular muscles. May also have ocular muscle weakness. »
    Severe muscle weakness that requires intubation, with or without mechanical ventilation. »
    A classification system for grading myasthenia gravis that divides the disease into 5 main classes and several subclasses. »
    A disease in which antibodies made by a person’s immune system prevent certain nerve-muscle interactions. It causes weakness in the arms and… »
    This gene plays a role in hematopoietic cell proliferation and development. »
    Human MYB Oncogene Protein is a product of a mutated variant (Oncogene MYB) of MYB Gene, which encodes 6 alternative isoforms of… »
    Human MYB wild-type allele is located within 6q22-q23 and is approximately 38 kb in length. This allele, which encodes Myb proto-oncogene protein,… »
    Myb-binding protein 1A (1328 aa, ~149 kDa) is encoded by the human MYBBP1A gene. This protein is involved in transcriptional regulation. … »
    Myb-related protein A (752 aa, ~86 kDa) is encoded by the human MYBL1 gene. This protein plays a role in transcriptional… »
    Myb-related protein B (700 aa, ~79 kDa) is encoded by the human MYBL2 gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of… »
    This gene plays a role both as an activator and repressor of transcription. »
    Human MYBBP1A wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17p13.3 and is approximately 16 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene plays a role in transcriptional regulation and cellular differentiation. »
    Human MYBL1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 8q22 and is approximately 51 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene plays a regulatory role in cell cycle progression. »
    Human MYBL2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 20q13.1 and is approximately 49 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    MYC boxes I and II, found in the N termini of all members of the MYC protein family, function to direct the… »
    MYC Family Genes encode MYC Family Proteins, class III bHLH leucine zipper transcription factors having cellular proliferative and apoptotic roles. Dimerization via… »
    MYC family proteins exhibit sequence homology with the transcription factor MYC protooncogene. »
    This gene plays a role in cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Cytogenetic aberrations in the gene are involved in cellular transformation and… »
    Myc proto-oncogene protein (439 aa, ~49 kDa) is encoded by the human MYC gene. This protein plays a role in the regulation… »
    Human MYC wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 8q24.21 and is approximately 5 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    Variants of proto-oncogenes that are members of the MYC family of early response genes, which encode regulatory proteins that act as homo-… »
    This gene may play a role in both ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation. »
    Human MYCBP2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 13q22 and is approximately 282 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    The mass of interwoven filamentous hyphae that forms especially the vegetative portion of the thallus of a fungus. »
    A chronic granulomatous inflammation involving the deep dermis and the subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by fungi and actinomycetes. »
    This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and is frequently amplified in small-cell lung cancer. »
    Human MYCL1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 1p34.2 and is approximately 7 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A laboratory test in which tumor or bone marrow cells are checked to see how many copies of the MYCN gene are… »
    This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and amplification of this gene is associated with a variety of tumors, most notably… »
    Human MYCN wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 2p24.1 and is approximately 6 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene may play a role in the transcriptional activation of target genes. »
    Human MYCNOS wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 2p24.1. This allele, which encodes N-cym protein, may play a role in… »
    A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genus Mycobacterium, among others. »
    A proprietary preparation of mycobacterial DNA oligonucleotides embedded in mycobacterial cell wall fragments derived from cultures of Mycobacterium phlei, with potential immunomodulatory… »
    Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM. »
    Mycobacteria are a type of germ. There are many different kinds. The most common one causes tuberculosis. Another one causes leprosy. Still… »
    A PCR-based method for differentiating M. tuberculosis strains based on the number of tandem repeats of the Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit. … »
    A genus of acid-fast Gram-positive, aerobic and nonmotile bacteria in the phylum Actinobacteria. »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid-fast, nonmotile, does not reduce… »
    A species of Mycobacterium that is a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It is most commonly found in West African countries… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, catalase positive, niacin,… »
    A group of very similar Mycobacteria consisting of Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare. »
    Lymph node infection by Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare. It most often affects children and usually presents with cervical lymph node… »
    A species of Mycobacterium that is a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It is the causative agent of tuberculosis in… »
    An attenuated form of Mycobacterium bovis that is used to generate the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine. »
    A species of Mycobacterium that is a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It is characterized by smooth, shiny colonies, a shorter… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rods assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, oxidase negative, urease and catalase… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile, is unable… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile, urease negative… »
    A non taxonomic grouping of bacteria assigned to and including related species from the Mycobacterium genus not including those bacteria in the… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile, grows on… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile, catalase and… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile, catalase negative,… »
    Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the species Mycobacterium intracellulare. »
    A species of Mycobacterium that can cause tuberculosis and leprosy in mammals, but that is generally not dangerous to healthy people. … »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, stains with carbol… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile with optimum… »
    A species of Mycobacterium that is a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It is the causative agent of tuberculosis in… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, grows rapidly on… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, nonmotile, acid phosphatase… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid fast, does not grow… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid-fast, grows on MacConkey's agar, is… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is urease, nitrate reduction, Tween 80 hydrolysis,… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid-fast, positive for nitrate reductase, tellurite… »
    A species of aerobic, Gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid-fast, rapidly growing, catalase, urease and… »
    An obligate anaerobic, weakly Gram-positive species of mycobacterium that is the cause of most cases of tuberculosis. »
    A group of four closely related tuberculosis-causing bacteria: M. bovis, M. africanum, M. canetti and M. microti. »
    A measurement of the amount of interferon gamma that is released when Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen is incubated with a biological specimen, usually… »
    The determination of the amount of Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid present in a sample. »
    A species of aerobic, Gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria. This species is acid-fast, catalase, urease and nitrate reduction… »
    An attenuated strain of Mycobacterium w, a non-pathogenic, rapidly growing, atypical mycobacterium, with non-specific immunopotentiating properties. In addition to sharing a number… »
    A drug used to prevent the spread of a bacterium called in patients with advanced HIV (the virus that causes AIDS)… »
    The study of fungus in a nonclinical environment, ie not as a pathogen »
    The morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA). As an immunosuppressive agent in vivo, the active metabolite mycophenolate reversibly inhibits inosine 5'-monophosphate… »
    A drug used to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after organ transplants. It is also being studied in the prevention of GVHD after… »
    The sodium salt form of mycophenolic acid (MPA), with immunosuppressing activity. In vivo, the active molecule MPA reversibly inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase… »
    An antineoplastic antibiotic derived from various Penicillium fungal species. Mycophenolic acid is an active metabolite of the prodrug mycophenolate mofetil. … »
    A genus of nonmotile facultatively anaerobic bacteria that lack a true cell wall, are gram-negative, and require sterol for growth. »
    A species of anaerobic, Gram-negative, pseudo-cocci shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, metabolizes arginine with the subsequent… »
    A species of anaerobic, Gram-negative, pseudo-cocci shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, urease negative, does not hydrolyze… »
    A species of anaerobic, Gram-negative, pseudo-cocci shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is motile, grows best in SP-4 medium… »
    A taxonomic family of parasitic and pathogenic bacterium, which require sterols to grow, in the phylum Tenericutes that includes the genera Mycoplasma… »
    A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that first appears on the skin and can spread to the lymph nodes or other organs such… »
    A peripheral (mature) T-cell lymphoma presenting in the skin with patches/plaques and it is characterized by epidermal and dermal infiltration of small… »
    Mature T and NK neoplasms predominantly affecting the skin and the peripheral blood. Peripheral blood involvement by abnormal T-cells (cerebriform cells)… »
    A finding about one or more characteristics of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification… »
    A finding about one or more characteristics of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification… »
    A finding about one or more characteristics of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification… »
    A flat, red area on the skin of patients who have mycosis fungoides. The patches may look like a thin, red rash… »
    In mycosis fungoides, an area of skin that is thickened, raised, red, scaly, and itchy. »
    A drug used to treat infections caused by fungi (a type of microorganism). It is made by certain strains of bacteria and… »
    Mycotoxins are toxic, secondary metabolites of low molecular weight produced by naturally occurring fungi. Mycotoxins are neither infectious nor contagious, but… »
    This gene is involved in the modulation of proinflammatory gene expression. »
    Human MYD88 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 3p22 and is approximately 5 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    The fatty substance that covers and protects nerves. »
    The determination of the amount of the myelin antibodies in a sample. »
    Myelin protein zero-like protein 1 (269 aa, ~29 kDa) is encoded by the human MPZL1 gene. This protein is involved in both… »
    Myelin proteolipid protein (277 aa, ~30 kDa) is encoded by the human PLP1 gene. This protein is involved in the structure of… »
    A layer of phospholipids and protein found on neuronal axons. This structure acts as an electrical insulator that allows nerve impulses to… »
    Myelin transcription factor 1-like protein (1186 aa, ~133 kDa) is encoded by the human MYT1L gene. This protein is involved in the… »
    Axons of neurons encased in a lipoproteinaceous material called myelin. »
    An inflammatory process affecting the spinal cord. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, vascular disorders, and toxic agents. Symptoms include weakness, paresthesia,… »
    A severe form of myelosuppression. Myelosuppression is a condition in which bone marrow activity is decreased, resulting in fewer red blood cells,… »
    Agents that destroy bone marrow activity. They are used to prepare patients for bone marrow or stem cell transplantation. »
    High-dose chemotherapy that kills cells in the bone marrow, including cancer cells. It lowers the number of normal blood-forming cells in the… »
    A type of immature white blood cell that forms in the bone marrow. Myeloblasts become mature white blood cells called granulocytes (neutrophils,… »
    The determination of the number of myeloblast cells present in a sample. »
    The determination of the ratio of myeloblasts compared to leukocytes in a blood sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio… »
    The determination of the ratio of myeloblasts compared to total cells present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a… »
    Refers to myeloblasts (a type of immature cell that forms in the bone marrow). »
    Myeloblastin (256 aa, ~28 kDa) is encoded by the human PRTN3 gene. This protein is involved in the proteolysis of extracellular matrix… »
    Herniation of spinal cord tissue and meninges through a defect in a region of the vertebral column. The protrusion of the tissue… »
    A cell derived from a promyelocyte. It differentiates into a metamyelocyte. It has a diameter of 10-18 micrometer, and an oval or… »
    The determination of the number of myelocyte cells present in a sample. »
    The determination of the ratio of myelocytes compared to leukocytes in a blood sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio… »
    The determination of the ratio of myelocytes compared to total cells present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a… »
    Abnormal bone marrow cells that may lead to myelogenous leukemia. »
    A type of cancer in which the bone marrow does not make enough healthy blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells,… »
    Myelodysplastic syndrome 2 translocation-associated protein (140 aa, ~15 kDa) is encoded by the human MDS2 gene. This protein plays a role in… »
    A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by the presence of a point mutation in one of the following genes, TP53, EZH2, ETV6, RUNX1, and… »
    A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by a deletion between bands q31 and 33 on chromosome 5. The number of blasts in the… »
    A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia and dysplasia restricted to neutrophil or megakaryocytic cell lines. The blasts in the… »
    Your bone marrow is the spongy tissue inside some of your bones, such as your hip and thigh bones. It contains immature… »
    A category of clonal myeloid disorders that have both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features at the time of initial presentation. »
    This entity includes cases that have clinical, laboratory, and morphologic features that support the diagnosis of both a myelodysplastic syndrome and a… »
    A disorder in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue. »
    Having to do with, produced by, or resembling the bone marrow. Sometimes used as a synonym for myeloid; for example, acute myeloid… »
    An x-ray of the spinal cord after an injection of dye into the space between the lining of the spinal cord and… »
    The radiographic examination of the spinal cord and nerve roots following the injection of a contrast medium into the spinal subarachnoid… »
    Having to do with or resembling the bone marrow. May also refer to certain types of hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells found in the… »
    A group of rare myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms characterized by rearrangement of the PDGFRA, PDGFRB, or FGFR1 genes, resulting in the formation… »
    Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the FGFR1 gene, resulting in translocations with an 8p11 breakpoint. Patients present with a myeloproliferative… »
    Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRA gene, most often resulting in the formation of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts. Patients usually… »
    Cells which include the monocytes and the granulocytes. »
    Myeloid Cell Activation involves stimulation of the production and activity of myeloid cells. Immature myeloid cells sample the surrounding environment for pathogens;… »
    Any apoptotic process occurring in a neutrophil, eosinophil or basophil. »
    The biological process that refers to the maturation of myelocytes. »
    Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (364 aa, ~40 kDa) is encoded by the human CD33 gene. This protein is involved in the… »
    Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 (296 aa, ~33 kDa) is encoded by the human MYD88 gene. This protein is involved in… »
    Comment: Intended to encompass diseases more closely related to human myelodysplastic syndromes than to human myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative or myeloproliferative diseases; Disorder is not… »
    A clonal proliferation of myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. When the proliferating cells are… »
    Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome occurring in children with Down syndrome. The acute myeloid leukemia is usually an acute megakaryoblastic… »
    Myeloid leukemia factor 1 (268 aa, ~31 kDa) is encoded by the human MLF1 gene. This protein plays a role in both… »
    Myeloid leukemia not growing, responding to treatment. »
    A clonal (malignant) proliferation of myeloid cells originating from a primitive stem cell. »
    Myeloid neoplasms characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRB gene, most often resulting in the formation of ETV6-PDGFRB fusion transcripts. Patients usually… »
    Myeloid neoplasms occurring in individuals with Down syndrome. There is an increased risk of acute leukemias in both children and adults… »
    A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. »
    A myeloid sarcoma that is responding to therapy, i.e. is not progressing and possibly regressing. --2003 »
    The determination of the ratio of myeloid cells compared to erythroid cells present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as… »
    Cancer that arises in plasma cells, a type of white blood cell. »
    A vaccine consisting of myeloma-specific immunoglobulin conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), an immune stimulant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with… »
    A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). Also called Kahler disease, multiple myeloma, … »
    A congenital abnormality in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above… »
    An abnormal type of white blood cell that is found in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. These cells are similar to both monocytes and… »
    Myeloperoxidase (745 aa, ~84 kDa) is encoded by the human MPO gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of the innate… »
    The determination of the amount of myeloperoxidase antibody present in a sample. »
    The determination of the amount of myeloperoxidase present in a sample. »
    The hematopoietic process that refers to the production of myelocytes. »
    Myeloproliferation involves both medullary and extramedullary proliferation of bone marrow constituents, such as erythroblasts, granulocytes, megakaryocytes, and fibroblasts. »
    A type of disease in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells, platelets, or certain white blood cells. Myeloproliferative… »
    A clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder, characterized by proliferation in the bone marrow of one or more of the myeloid (i.e., granulocytic,… »
    This subgroup of myeloproliferative neoplasms includes cases which do not meet the morphologic criteria of any of the defined myeloproliferative neoplasms, or… »
    A progressive, chronic disease in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue and blood is made in organs such as… »
    A condition in which bone marrow activity is decreased, resulting in fewer red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Myelosuppression is… »
    Treatment that inhibits blood cell production. »
    This gene plays a role in muscle contraction. »
    Human MYH1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17p13.1 and is approximately 26 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene plays a regulatory role in muscle contraction and the required ATP hydrolysis. »
    Human MYH11 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 16p13.11 and is approximately 154 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene is involved in skeletal muscle contraction. »
    Human MYH2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17p13.1 and is approximately 85 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene is involved in both cytoskeleton modeling and cytokinesis. »
    Human MYH9 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 22q13.1 and is approximately 107 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A commercial combination preparation, by Johnson & Johnson-Merck Consumer Pharmaceuticals, containing the antacids aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium… »
    A drug used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). It is also used with other drugs to prepare patients with CML for… »
    This gene plays a role in smooth muscle contraction. »
    Human MYLK wild-type allele is located within 3q21 and is approximately 272 kb in length. This allele, which encodes myosin light chain… »
    A drug that is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes and is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It… »
    A monoclonal antibody combined with a toxic substance that is used to treat certain types of acute myeloid leukemia in older patients… »
    This gene is involved in cytoskeletal structure. »
    Human MYO18A wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 17q11.2 and is approximately 107 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A fusion gene that results from a chromosomal translocation t(5;17)(q33-34;q11.2) which fuses exon 40 of the MYO18A gene to exon 10 of… »
    A fusion protein encoded by the MYO18A/PDGFRB fusion gene. This protein is comprised of almost the entire myosin-XVIIIa protein fused to the… »
    A muscle cell precursor. It is essential for muscle repair. »
    Myoblast determination protein 1 (320 aa, ~35 kDa) is encoded by the human MYOD1 gene. This protein plays a role in DNA… »
    Of or pertaining to the myocardium. »
    Perfusion of blood through the myocardium. »
    A bruise to the heart. »
    Diseases of the myocardium. »
    Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis. … »
    An electrocardiographic finding of pathologic Q waves, which is suggestive of myocardial infarction of one or more regions of the heart. No… »
    An electrocardiographic assessment of findings that suggest the occurrence of a myocardial infarction. »
    An electrocardiographic finding of ST and T wave changes consistent with impaired myocardial perfusion. »
    A procedure that captures pictures of blood flow throughout the heart muscle. »
    Inflammation of the muscle tissue of the heart. »
    The striated muscle tissue of the heart enveloped by the epicardium and the endocardium. »
    A sudden, brief, strong contraction of a muscle or group of muscles that cannot be controlled. »
    Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A (507 aa, ~55 kDa) is encoded by the human MEF2A gene. This protein plays a role in the… »
    Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2B (365 aa, ~39 kDa) is encoded by the human MEF2B gene. This protein is involved in transcription. … »
    Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C (473 aa, ~51 kDa) is encoded by the human MEF2C gene. This protein plays a role in the… »
    Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D (521 aa, ~56 kDa) is encoded by the human MEF2D gene. This protein plays a role in transcriptional… »
    This gene plays a role in DNA binding and myogenesis. »
    Human MYOD1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 11p15.4 and is approximately 3 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    Derived from epithelial cells and destined to become a part of the muscular system; having the characteristics of both muscle and… »
    A malignant neoplasm that has myoepithelial differentiation (generally detected by the mixture of glands and spindle cells and/or the presence of smooth… »
    A malignant neoplasm primarily composed of a spindle cell stroma. May or may not have an identifiable glandular component. »
    A contractile cell found between the secretory cells and basement membrane of exocrine glands. Each myoepithelial cell has long cytoplasmic processes that… »
    A benign or malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of cells that show myoepithelial differentiation. Based on its morphologic features, it… »
    An inherited or sporadic disorder affecting the skeletal muscles. »
    A spindle-shaped cell that exhibits characteristics of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. It has an elongated nucleus and does not have… »
    A morphologic finding that indicates the presence of myofibroblastic differentiation in a cellular infiltrate of a tissue sample. »
    A benign, well circumscribed soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle shaped myofibroblasts and mast cells in a collagenous… »
    A benign localized neoplasm arising from the subcutaneous tissues and skeletal muscle. It is characterized by the presence of myofibroblastic hyperchromatic spindle… »
    A benign neoplasm arising from the soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of myofibroblastic hyperchromatic spindle cells, hylanized stroma formation,… »
    Fibrillar protein polymers found in the contractile apparatus of muscle cells. »
    This gene is involved in muscle differentiation and transcription. »
    Human MYOG wild-type allele is located within 1q31-q41 and is approximately 3 kb in length. This allele, which encodes myogenin protein, plays… »
    Embryonic formation of muscle cells or fibers. »
    Myogenin (224 aa, ~25 kDa) is encoded by the human MYOG gene. This protein is involved in both transcription and myogenesis. … »
    The determination of the amount of myoglobin present in a sample. »
    The determination of the ratio of myoglobin compared to creatinine present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio… »
    A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of areas of myofibroblastic differentiation. »
    The portion of the inner segment of a photoreceptor cell between the ellipsoid portion and the nucleus that is rich in ribonucleic… »
    A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Myoinositol helps cells… »
    A disorder characterized by involuntary and irregular muscle contractions not associated with muscle weakness or atrophy. It most often affects facial… »
    A benign tumor composed of mature adipocytes and smooth muscle cells. »
    A benign or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle. »
    Surgical removal of part of the uterine body, frequently performed as a treatment for leiomyomas. »
    Myomegalin (2346 aa, ~265 kDa) is encoded by the human PDE4DIP gene. This protein plays a role in the localization of phosphodiesterase… »
    Of or pertaining to the myometrium. »
    The muscular outer layer of the uterus. »
    A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the muscles. Representative examples include muscular dystrophy, metabolic myopathies, muscular atrophies, and dermatomyositis. »
    A usually slow growing, subcutaneous nodular neoplasm arising from myopericytes. It is composed of myoid cells arranged in a perivascular growth… »
    The condition in which the individual does not see far distances clearly. »
    The determination of the amount of myosin light chain 3 present in a sample. »
    Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle (1914 aa, ~211 kDa) is encoded by the human MYLK gene. This protein plays a role… »
    The phosphorylation of myosin affects its role in smooth muscle contraction, platelet formation, and possibly other processes. Phosphorylation by myosin light chain… »
    Myosin-1 (1939 aa, ~223 kDa) is encoded by the human MYH1 gene. This protein plays a role in skeletal muscle contraction. … »
    Myosin-2 (1941 aa, ~223 kDa) is encoded by the human MYH2 gene. This protein is involved in the contraction of skeletal… »
    Myosin-9 (1960 aa, ~227 kDa) is encoded by the human MYH9 gene. This protein is involved in both cell shape and… »
    Myosin-XVIIIa (2054 aa, ~233 kDa) is encoded by the human MYO18A gene. This protein is involved in both actin binding and cytoskeletal… »
    An inflammatory process affecting the skeletal muscles. Causes include infections, injuries, and autoimmune disorders. »
    A disorder characterized by non-neoplastic bone formation in soft tissues. It usually follows blunt trauma and bleeding in the deep soft… »
    A genetic congenital neuromuscular disorder affecting the skeletal muscles. It is caused by mutations in the chloride channel gene (CLCN1 gene). It… »
    An inherited or acquired, localized or generalized disorder affecting the muscles. It may be associated with abnormalities in the chloride or sodium… »
    An inherited progressive disorder affecting the muscles. It is characterized by muscle wasting and hypotonia, cataracts, heart conduction defects and endocrinopathies. … »
    A model that predicts a person's risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer based on family cancer history (including relatives' age at… »
    A kaempferol with a hydroxyl group at C-3' and -5'. »
    Surgical incision into the eardrum. »
    A surgical procedure where an incision is made through the eardrum, and a plastic or metal tube is inserted. »
    A saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 14-carbon backbone. Myristic acid is found naturally in palm oil, coconut oil and butter… »
    It refers to amino acid residue within a peptide that accepts covalent linkage of fatty acid, myristoyl group (C13H27-) as one of… »
    Monounsaturated fatty acid with 14 carbons and 1 double bond at the 5th carbon from the methyl end. »
    A substance being studied in the prevention of skin cancer. Myristyl nicotinate cream is also being studied as a way to… »
    A genus of aerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Bacteroidetes and the family Flavobacteriaceae. »
    A species of aerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Bacteroidetes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase, oxidase, gelatinase and… »
    An oily resin extracted from several species of Commiphora trees. Myrrh oil is used for its aromatic properties and in various medicinal… »
    The essential oil of Myrtus communis. Myrtle leaf oil is taken internally for urinary infections, digestive problems, bronchial congestion, and dry… »
    This gene is involved in both the deubiquitination of histone 2A and transcriptional regulation. »
    Human MYSM1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 1p32.1 and is approximately 45 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene is involved in transcriptional regulation and neuronal development. »
    Human MYT1L wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 2p25.3 and is approximately 543 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A condition characterized by severe hypothyroidism that is caused by autoimmune thyroid gland disorders, surgical reduction of thyroid tissue, radiation exposure, and… »
    A spectrum of malignant mesenchymal neoplasms arising from the soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped malignant cells, nuclear… »
    A morphologic finding indicating the presence of myxoid changes in a tissue sample. »
    A morphologic variant of chondrosarcoma arising from soft tissue and bone. It is characterized by the presence of myxoid stroma formation. … »
    A morphologic variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans characterized by the presence of extensive myxoid stroma formation and a storiform growth pattern. »
    A leiomyoma characterized by the presence of abundant myxoid matrix. »
    A morphologic variant of leiomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of cellular pleomorphism, malignant cells with large nuclei, and a myxoid stroma. … »
    The most common type of liposarcoma. It is composed of round to oval mesenchymal cells, small signet ring lipoblasts, and a… »
    A morphologic finding that indicates the presence of myxoid changes in the stroma of a tissue sample. »
    A liposarcoma characterized by the presence of round non-lipogenic mesenchymal cells and small signet ring lipoblasts within a myxoid stoma with a… »
    A low grade multinodular malignant neoplasm arising from the soft tissues. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multivacuolated… »
    A benign soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and stellate cells, lobulated growth pattern, and myxoid stroma formation. … »
    A slow growing, WHO grade I glioma which generally occurs in young adults. It arises almost exclusively in the conus medullaris,… »
    An infiltrating malignant soft tissue neoplasm characterized by the presence of immature undifferentiated cells and abundant myxoid stroma formation. »
    An indolent (slow-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that begins forming in certain areas (the marginal zones) of lymph tissue. There are… »
    N Domain is one of the seven predicted immunoglobulin-like domains that members of the CEA family protein have. It is extremely… »
    One criteria of the TNM staging system. N refers to the extent of lymph node involvement. »
    A phenylretinamide and synthetic retinoid analogue. N-(2-carboxyphenyl)retinamide may bind to and activate retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in the expression… »
    A thiocarboxanilide non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. UC-781 is a potent inhibitor of reverse transcriptase-dependent pyrophosphorolysis, and purportedly restores the chain-terminating activity of… »
    A phenylretinamide and synthetic retinoid analogue. N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)retinamide may bind to and activate retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in the expression… »
    A phenylretinamide and synthetic retinoid analogue. N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-9-cis-retinamide may activate retinoic acid receptors, thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell… »
    A phenylretinamide and synthetic retinoid analogue. N-(4-methoxyphenyl)retinamide (4-MPR) may activate retinoic acid receptors, thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to… »
    An orally available isoxazole urea with potential anti-tumor activity. In preclinical trials, N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl)urea inhibited raf kinase, an enzyme capable of reversing… »
    An ethylretinamide and synthetic retinoid analogue. N-(ethyl)-9-cis-retinamide may activate retinoic acid receptors, thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell… »
    The determination of the amount of N-acetyl glucosamide present in a sample. »
    The determination of the ratio of N-acetyl glucosamide compared to creatinine present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a… »
    The determination of the amount of the N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in a sample. »
    A drug usually used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity… »
    A modified form of acetylcysteine that is a metabolite of ethylene oxide and may be found in the urine of smokers. … »
    A drug usually used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity… »
    A substance that is being studied as an anticancer drug in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Also called CI-994. … »
    N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (235 aa, ~26 kDa) is encoded by the human NAA10 gene. This protein is involved in catalyzing… »
    A synthetic or natural carcinogenic compound found in a variety of smokes and industrial products, N-Amyl-N-Methylnitrosoamine is used in biomedical research to… »
    A substance that is being studied in the treatment of leukemia. It belongs to the family of drugs called protein kinase… »
    A substance that is used in cancer research to cause bladder tumors in laboratory animals. This is done to test new diets,… »
    A synthetic carcinogenic compound found in a variety of smokes and industrial products, N-butyl-N-4-hydroxybutyl nitrosamine is used in biomedical research to induce… »
    Human Neural-cadherin is encoded by the CDH2 gene. The gene product is 906 amino acids and ~100kD in size. This protein plays… »
    N-chimaerin (459 aa, ~53 kDa) is encoded by the human CHN1 gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of signal… »
    N-cym protein (109 aa, ~12 kDa) is encoded by the human MYCNOS gene. This protein may play a role in embryonic… »
    A main metabolite of the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen with anti-estrogen activity. N-desmethyltamoxifen blocks estrogen from binding to the estrogen… »
    An alkyl nitrosoguanidine with carcinogenic properties. Used to induce cancer in experimental animal models, N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine ethylates DNA, resulting in single- and… »
    N-glycans or asparagine-linked glycans are major constituents of glycoproteins in eukaryotes. N-glycans are covalently attached to asparagine with the consensus sequence of… »
    A glycosylation site is an amino acid residue within a peptide that accepts oligosaccharide via amide linkage, specifically through amide nitrogen of… »
    A pale yellow to pink colored, crystalline solid nitrosamine that turns green or orange when exposed to light and emits very toxic… »
    A water-soluble organic solvent. As an adjuvant antineoplastic agent, N-methylformamide depletes cellular glutathione, a key molecule involved in the antioxidation of… »
    N-myc proto-oncogene protein (464 aa, ~50 kDa) is encoded by the human MYCN gene. This protein plays a role in the regulation… »
    N-Myristoylation is the covalent attachment of myristic acid, a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid inserted in the cytoplasmic leaflet of the lipid bilayer,… »
    A synthetic organic agent, N-nitroso-N-methylurethane is carcinogenic in all species tested. Carcinogenic in single-dose experiments and following pre-natal exposure, it is used… »
    A yellow, viscous, oily nitrosamine that is highly unstable in the presence of light. N-Nitrosodiethanolamine is ubiquitously found in the environment and… »
    A pale yellow, oily liquid nitrosamine with a characteristic odor that is light sensitive and emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when… »
    A synthetic light-sensitive, volatile, clear yellow oil that is soluble in water, lipids, and other organic solvents. It is used as… »
    A volatile, combustible, yellow, oily liquid nitrosamine with a faint characteristic odor that decomposes when exposed to light and emits toxic fumes… »
    A yellow, volatile liquid nitrosamine that emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition. N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine has been found in… »
    A yellow, crystalline nitrosamine that is sensitive to light. N-Nitrosomorpholine is not used or produced commercially in the US. This substance has… »
    A clear, yellow, oily, liquid that is light sensitive and emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition. N-Nitrosopiperidine is… »
    A clear, yellow, oily, liquid nitrosamine that decomposes when exposed to light and emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to… »
    A pale yellow, crystalline solid nitrosamine that decomposes when exposed to light and emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to… »
    This polypeptide is comprised of the amino terminal portions of fibrillar collagen, which are not part of the triple helical structure. Bone… »
    The determination of the amount of N-telopeptide present in a sample. »
    N-terminal fragment brain natriuretic protein (76 aa, ~9 kDa) is encoded by the human NPPB gene. This protein is a marker for… »
    The determination of the amount of N-terminal parathyroid hormone present in a sample. »
    The determination of the amount of N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide present in a sample. »
    A convention for categorizing the physiological properties of a fatty acid by indicating the location of its double bond as counted from… »
    The N-alkylated analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunomycin. N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically, and immunohistochemistry is… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there are malignant cells in regional lymph node(s) no greater than 0.2 mm and… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically and molecular analysis (RT-PCR)… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically and by immunohistochemistry, but… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis. »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is metastasis to 1-3 nodes. The metastasis is greater than 2 mm… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is metastasis to four or more nodes. The metastasis is greater than… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the tumor extends beyond the lymph node capsule and is less than 20… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the metastases to the lymph nodes are more than 20 mm. »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The… »
    A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating the presence of micrometastases (greater than 0.2 mm and/or more than 200 cells, but none… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2 TNM… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2a… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2b… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2c… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3 TNM finding… »
    Expressed in most nonlymphoid tissues including prostate, lung, liver, and colon by human N33 Gene (OST3 Family), 348-aa 40-kDa N33 Protein is… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3a TNM… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3b TNM… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3c TNM… »
    A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N4 TNM finding… »
    A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of peptides derived from the melanoma antigen NA-17, the human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted human melanoma antigen 3… »
    Sodium ion requiring one electron to return to its elemental state. »
    A synthetic peptide vaccine derived from the melanoma antigen NA17. Dendritic cells (DC) harvested from a cancer patient may be exposed to… »
    A specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When administered in a vaccine formulation, NA17-A antigen… »
    A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted peptide derived from a metastatic melanoma cell line of patient NA17, with… »
    This gene is involved in protein acetylation. »
    Human NAA10 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of Xq28 and is approximately 5 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A synthetic pill form of an active chemical in marijuana called delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Nabilone is used to treat nausea and vomiting caused… »
    An herbal preparation containing a defined quantity of specific cannabinoids formulated for oromucosal spray administration with potential analgesic activity. Nabiximols contains a… »
    A naphthylalkanone and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities. Nabumetone is a prodrug that upon hepatic catalysis converts… »
    This gene plays a role in protein sorting. »
    Human NACA wild-type allele is located within 12q23-q24.1 and is approximately 25 kb in length. This allele, which encodes nascent polypeptide-associated complex… »
    This gene plays a role in the modulation of cell proliferation. »
    Human NACC2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 9q34.3 and is approximately 89 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1 (1473 aa, ~166 kDa) is encoded by the human NLRP1 gene. This protein plays a… »
    NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 2 (1062 aa, ~121 kDa) is encoded by the human NLRP2 gene. This protein plays a… »
    NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (1034 aa, ~118 kDa) is encoded by the human NLRP3 gene. This protein plays a… »
    NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 4 (994 aa, ~113 kDa) is encoded by the human NLRP4 gene. This protein may be… »
    NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 6 (892 aa, ~99 kDa) is encoded by the human NLRP6 gene. This protein may be… »
    Chemical abbreviation for sodium chloride (table salt). »
    Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, a coenzyme, found in eukaryotic cells and is involved in many enzymatic reactions and the production of energy through… »
    The Gly-rich NAD-Binding Domain (often N-terminal) is often found in metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis, glyconeogenesis, and the citric acid cycle, such… »
    NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (747 aa, ~82 kDa) is encoded by the human SIRT1 gene. This protein may be involved in protein… »
    NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2 (389 aa, ~43 kDa) is encoded by the human SIRT2 gene. This protein plays a role in the deacetylation… »
    NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial (399 aa, ~44 kDa) is encoded by the human SIRT3 gene. This protein plays a role in the… »
    NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-7 (400 aa, ~45 kDa) is encoded by the human SIRT7 gene. This protein plays a role in protein… »
    NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (274 aa, ~31 kDa) is encoded by the human NQO1 gene. This protein is involved in hydroquinone… »
    NAD(P)H-hydrate epimerase (288 aa, ~32 kDa) is encoded by the human APOA1BP gene. This protein is involved in both lipoprotein binding and… »
    NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial (464 aa, ~51 kDa) is encoded by the human NDUFV1 gene. This protein plays a role… »
    A rare metabolic disorder characterized by the deficiency of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase component of complex I. Signs and symptoms include cardiomyopathy, encephalopathy,… »
    A wild-type zebrafish line, the stock of which was obtained from an area east of Calcutta in a district called Nadia. … »
    A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic activities. Nadolol competitively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors located in the heart and vascular smooth… »
    Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate, an oxidation-reduction coenzyme, found in eukaryotic cells and is involved in many enzymatic reactions. »
    NADPH oxidase 4 (578 aa, ~67 kDa) is encoded by the human NOX4 gene. This protein plays a role as an oxygen… »
    NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase (677 aa, ~77 kDa) is encoded by the human POR gene. This protein plays a role in electron… »
    NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1 (597 aa, ~67 kDa) is encoded by the human NDOR1 gene. This protein plays a role in the… »
    A low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) composed of a heterogeneous mixture of sulfated polysaccharide glycosaminoglycan chains obtained by depolymerisation of porcine mucosal… »
    A small molecule inhibitor of Nedd8 activating enzyme (NAE) with potential antineoplastic activity. NAE inhibitor MLN4924 binds to and inhibits NAE, which… »
    This gene plays a role in the modulation of protein neddylation. »
    Human NAE1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 16q22 and is approximately 28 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This gene plays a role in the assembly of ribosomes and other riboproteins. »
    Human NAF1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 4q32.2 and is approximately 57 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    This GONADORELIN analog has been used in the treatment of central precocious puberty and endometriosis. »
    A pyrazolinone derivative with potential antimetastatic activities. Nafazatrom, originally developed as an antithrombotic agent, inhibits the key prostaglandin catabolic enzyme, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase,… »
    A semi-synthetic naphthalene and beta-lactam antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Nafcillin inhibits bacterial wall synthesis by a mechanism of action similar to… »
    The sodium salt form of nafcillin, a semi-synthetic naphthalene, penicillin-related Nafcillin inhibits bacterial wall synthesis by a mechanism of action similar to… »
    The anhydrous form of the sodium salt of nafcillin, a narrow-spectrum beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin with antibacterial activity. Nafcillin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding… »
    A triphenylethylene nonsteroidal agent that acts as a partial estrogen antagonist. Nafoxidine competes with endogenous estrogen for binding to specific estrogen… »
    The hydrochloride salt of the partial estrogen antagonist nafoxidine. Nafoxidine competes with endogenous estrogen for binding to specific estrogen receptors. … »
    A topical, synthetic allylamine derivate similar to terbinafine with broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Naftifine can be fungicidal or fungistatic depending on the concentration… »
    The hydrochloride salt form of naftifine, an allylamine derivate with synthetic broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Although the exact mechanism through which naftifine hydrochloride… »
    A sensation of discomfort or distress that is persistant and continuous. »
    The cutaneous plate on the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe. »
    Alteration of the normal characteristics of the fingernails or toenails. Examples include thickening, thinning, deformity, and separation from the nail bed. … »
    A change in the color of the nail. »
    Your toenails and fingernails protect the tissues of your toes and fingers. They are made up of layers of a hardened protein… »
    An infectious process affecting the nail. »
    Loss of all or a portion of a nail. »
    Depressions on the surface of the nail. This finding may be associated with psoriasis. »
    Straight elevated lines on the nail surface. Ridges may be vertical (running from the cuticle to the nail tip) or horizontal (running… »
    A rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by mutations in the LMX1B gene. It is characterized by fingernail deformities, absence or hypoplasia of… »
    This gene is involved in the modification of spinal muscular atrophy. NAIP transcripts may be involved in chemotherapeutic resistance mechanisms. »
    Human NAIP wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 5q13.1 and is approximately 56 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A genus of enveloped, spherical viruses in the family Bunyaviridae. The genome is composed of a circular single-strand of negative sense… »
    A mature B lymphocyte that expresses IgM and IgD. It is found in peripheral blood, lymph nodes and secondary lymphoid organs, but… »
    A mature T-lymphocyte that has differentiated in the bone marrow and undergone central tolerance selection in the thymus but has not interacted… »
    The hydrochloride salt form of nalbuphine, a synthetic phenanthrene opioid with opiate agonist and antagonist effects, used to treat moderate to severe… »
    A synthetic quinolone and antibacterial agent with urinary tract antiseptic activity. Nalidixic acid concentrates in the renal tubules and bladder and exerts… »
    The hydrochloride salt form of nalmefene, a naltrexone analogue with opioid antagonistic property. Nalmefene antagonizes the effects of opioids by competing for… »
    A substance that is being studied as a treatment for constipation caused by narcotic medications. It belongs to the family of drugs… »
    The hydrochloride salt of naloxone, a thebaine derivate with opioid antagonist activity. Naloxone binds to opioid receptors in the CNS in a… »
    A drug that blocks the action of opiates (drugs used to treat pain). It may be used in the treatment of intravenous… »
    A drug that blocks the action of opiates (drugs used to treat pain). It may be used in the treatment of intravenous… »
    The words or language units by which a thing is known. »
    A coded value specifying the non-unique textual identifier for the entity. »
    A character string that is a revision of the original text to enable the coding of the text. »
    The name of a field together with the value of the field. »
    A drug used to treat dementia caused by Alzheimer disease. It is also being studied in the treatment of side effects from… »
    In general, a namespace is an abstract container, which is or could be filled by names, or technical terms, or words, and… »
    A country in southwestern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and South Africa. »
    Denotes the inhabitants of Namibia, a person from there, or their descendants elsewhere. »
    A human IgG1, monoclonal antibody targeting GM-CSF, with immunomodulating activity. Namilumab binds to and neutralizes GM-CSF, by preventing GM-CSF from binding to… »
    A synthetic analogue of retinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, namirotene binds to and… »
    A quinone antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis with activity against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasmas and fungi. Within an organism, nanaomycin A… »
    A synthetic, anabolic steroid analog of testosterone. Similar to testosterone, nortestosterone (19-Nortestosterone) binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. This agent… »
    The decanoate salt form of nandrolone, an anabolic steroid analog of testosterone with androgenic, anabolic, and erythropoietin stimulating effects. Nandrolone enters the… »
    The determination of the amount of nandrolone present in a sample. »
    A unit prefix indicating a quantity of 10E-9 or one one-billionth. »
    A template consisting of a two-dimensional patterning of biological molecules on a surface for biological analysis. »
    An explosive device comprised of carbon nanotubes. These nanoscale devices have desirable optical and thermal properties that can be exploited for novel… »
    The simplest micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) that can be easily machined and mass-produced via the same techniques used to make computer chips. The… »
    Nanoscale structures or conduits comprised of silica or polymers that are small enough for individual biomolecules to pass through them. This nanoscale… »
    Heterogeneous materials comprised of nanoparticles and plastic resin to provide added strength and desirable thermal attributes. Nanocomposites are a class of compounds… »
    Nanoscale hollow polymeric vessels that have the potential to be utilized to selectively deliver hydrophobic drugs to specific sites within individual… »
    A unit of radioactivity equal to one billionth of a curie or 37 becquerels, and corresponding to radioactivity of 37 atomic disintegrations… »
    A functional macromolecule composed of nanoscale components. »
    A mixture of two immiscible substances in which the sizes of the particles in the dispersed phase are defined as less than… »
    General terms for methods to create, assemble, or otherwise form nanoscale structures. »
    Fibers which are elongated and cylindrical in shape and less than 100 nm in length. These fibers are often utilized in the… »
    This gene plays a role in the underlying pluripotency of inner cell mass and embryonic stem cells. »
    Human NANOG wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 12p13.31 and is approximately 7 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    A measure of weight. One nanogram weighs a billion times less than one gram, and almost a trillion-times less than a… »
    Nanograms per day. »
    A unit of mass concentration defined as the concentration of one nanogram of a substance per unit volume of the mixture equal… »
    Nanograms per hour. »
    A unit of mass fraction expressed as a number of nanograms of a substance per kilogram of the mixture. The unit is… »
    Nanograms per kilogram per minute. »
    A unit of mass concentration defined as the concentration of one nanogram of a substance per one liter of the mixture, or… »
    Nanograms per milligram of creatinine. »
    A dose calculation unit equal to mass concentration of a substance expressed in nanograms per unit volume of one milliliter per time… »
    Nanograms per milliliter per kilogram. »
    Nanograms per milliliter per milligram. »
    A dose calculation unit expressed in manograms per milliliter, divided by milligram per kilogram. »
    A dose calculation unit expressed in nanograms per milliliter, divided by milligram per kilogram per day. »
    Nanograms per milliliter times kilogram. »
    Nanograms per minute. »
    Nanograms per second. »
    A unit of mass concentration expressed in nanogram(s) per plate well. »
    A fullerene-like nanostructure that consists of graphene cylinders and exhibits an irregular horn-like shape. »
    A lithographic technique that is used to transfer the topographic patterns of a master (often called the mold or template) to a… »
    A unit of catalytic activity measurement equal to one billionth of katal (10E-9 katal). »
    A unit of catalytic activity concentration defined as the catalytic activity of the component equal to one billionth of katal (10E-9 katal)… »
    A unit of volume equal to one billionth of a liter (10E-9 liter). »
    Lithography that is performed on a nanoscale. Examples of this technique include etching, writing and printing on nanoscale surfaces. »
    A tool for moving individual molecules or nanoscale objects, such as an atomic force microscope. »
    R&D aimed at enabling scaled-up, reliable, cost effective manufacturing of nanoscale materials, structures, devices, and systems. Includes R&D and integration of ultra-miniaturized… »
    A bulk material composed of discrete nano-substructures that are engineered, synthesized and characterized for a myriad of applications. »
    Research aimed at discovery of novel nanoscale and nanostructured materials and at a comprehensive understanding of the properties of nanomaterials (ranging across… »
    A unit of spatial measurement that equals one-billionth (10 -9) of a meter. The head of a pin is about 1 million… »
    The amount of a substance equal to a billionth of a mole (a measure of the amount of a substance). Also called… »
    Nanomoles per day. »
    Nanomoles per gram. »
    Nanomoles per hour. »
    Nanomoles per kilogram. »
    A unit of concentration (molarity unit) equal to one billionth of a mole (10E-9 mole) of solute in one liter of… »
    Nanomoles per liter per micromole. »
    A unit of concentration of amount of substance of a component measured in nanomoles of the component per milligram of protein of… »
    Nanomoles per milliliter. »
    Nanomoles per milliliter per hour. »
    Nanomoles per minute. »
    A unit of concentration (molarity unit) equal to one billionth of a mole (10E-9 mole) of solute per minute per milliliter. … »
    Nanomoles per second. »
    A nanoscale spherical or capsule-shaped structure. Most, though not all, nanoparticles are hollow, which provides a central reservoir that can be filled… »
    A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of the taxane docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found… »
    The macrolide antibiotic rapamycin bound to nanoparticle albumin with immunosuppressant (see sirolimus) and potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rapamycin binds to the… »
    The utilization of small (<100 nm), stable particles in a variety of technologies. Based on an understanding of chemical, biological and physical… »
    A series of analytical methods that provide information about nanoscale entities such as composition, structure and defects. This information is critical for… »
    Analyses to determine the chemical properties of a nanoparticle. These chemical elements are requisites for molecular structure, and they determine both the… »
    The chemical elements of which a nanoparticle is composed. »
    A nanoparticle bound to another moiety of interest via a chemical or physical interaction. »
    The chemical elements of which a nanoparticle is composed. »
    A drug used to treat breast cancer that has come back or spread to other parts of the body. It is also… »
    The measurement and description of information pertaining to the determination of the physical properties of nanoparticles. These analyses enable the quantification of… »
    The production of small, stable particles whose size is measured in nanometers. »
    A distinguishing feature present on the surface of a nanoparticle. »
    The structural motif of a nanoparticle that is defined by the spatial relationship of the constituent atoms. »
    The classification of discrete nanoparticle entities. »
    A formulation of nanoparticles encapsulating the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, doxorubicin… »
    This method entails the attachment of a drug to the surface of nanoparticles. The role of the nanoparticle is to facilitate delivery… »
    A complex consisting of a therapeutic entity coupled to a nanoparticle entity that has an external coating designed to deliver the therapeutic… »
    A nanoscale cavity or channel confined within a membrane or solid matter. »
    Substances that have holes or pores on the nanoscale, used, for example, to separate particles or molecules by size. »
    A device that uses x-rays instead of visible light to form images of very small structures, such as the insides of blood… »
    Nanoscale structures that are shaped like long dowels. The structures have a diameter that is measured in the nanoscale with an extended… »
    Nanos homolog 3 (173 aa, ~19 kDa) is encoded by the human NANOS3 gene. This protein is involved in maintaining germ cells… »
    This gene is involved in maintaining germ cell lineages. »
    Human NANOS3 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 19p13.13 and is approximately 4 kb in length. This allele, which encodes… »
    The size range roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where many of the fundamental structures of biology are formed, composite materials may take… »
    R&D that applies the principles of nanoscale science and engineering to create novel, or to improve existing, devices and systems. This PCA… »
    The process underlying a biological, chemical or physical nanoscale phenomenon. »
    Events that occur specifically at the nanoscale level due to changes in physical properties and interactions. At this level, phenomena are controlled… »
    The methods necessary to engineer well-understood nanoscale phenomena into technology. »
    The study of unique properties of matter at the nanoscale; an interdisciplinary field of science combining physics, materials science, the chemistry of… »
    A unit of time equal to one billionth of a second. »
    A device for sensing radiation, forces, chemicals, or biological agents, in which some portion of a device operates at the nanoscale, for… »
    A nanoparticle composed of a metallic shell surrounding a semiconductor. When nanoshells reach a target cancer cell, they can be irradiated with… »
    A lipid-based nanosomal formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous injection, docetaxel binds to… »
    Self-assembling durable silica spheres that fit inside each other. These spheres range in size from 2 to 50 nanometers and form within… »
    The interactions of cellular and molecular components and engineered materials — typically clusters of atoms, molecules, and molecular fragments — at the… »
    Systematic procedures which are utilized for the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale (i.e., less than 100 nanometers). »
    Hollow, cylindrical structures, with a diameter usually less than 5 nanometers. They are often but not necessarily, composed of carbon, and having… »
    A measure of the degree of geometrical symmetry in the structure of the nanotube. The resultant symmetry is quantified based upon the… »
    An arbitrary unit of substance content expressed in nanounit(s) per centiliter. »
    Nanounits per milliliter. »
    A nanometer-scale wire made of metal atoms, silicon, or other materials that conduct electricity. Nanowires are built atom by atom on a… »
    A short sleep, usually during normal waking hours. »
    An imidazole derivative and a direct-acting sympathomimetic amine with vasoconstrictive activity. Upon ocular administration, naphazoline exerts its effect by acting on alpha-adrenergic… »
    The hydrochloride salt form of naphazoline, an imidazole derivative and a direct-acting sympathomimetic amine with vasoconstrictive properties. Upon ocular administration, naphazoline hydrochloride… »
    A white, volatile, solid polycyclic hydrocarbon with a strong mothball odor. Naphthalene is obtained from either coal tar or petroleum distillation and… »
    A class of compounds with the basic naphthalene structure, an aromatic hydrocarbon compound, consisting of two fused benzene rings. »
    An amonafide (naphthalimide) derivative and pan-antagonist of chemokine ligand (CXCL) expression, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Although UNBS5162 is a derivative of amonafide,… »
    A drug used to treat mild pain and the symptoms of arthritis and several other conditions. It is also being studied in… »
    A drug used to treat mild pain and the symptoms of arthritis and several other conditions. It is also being studied in… »
    The sodium salt form of naproxen, a member of the arylacetic acid group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with anti-inflammatory analgesic and… »
    A recombinant fusion protein consisting of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed towards the tumor-associated oncofetal trophoblast glycoprotein antigen 5T4… »
    A questionnaire developed by Naranjo et al that is designed to assess the likelihood that an adverse event is due to the… »
    The hydrochloride salt form of naratriptan, a sulfonamide with selective serotonin (5-HT) 1 receptor agonistic activity and anti-migraine property. Naratriptan hydrochloride binds… »
    A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of grandiose beliefs and arrogant behavior together with an overwhelming need for admiration and a… »
    A sleep disorder characterized by a tendency for excessive sleepiness during the day which occurs even after adequate sleep in the… »
    A substance used to treat moderate to severe pain. Narcotics are like opiates such as morphine and codeine, but are not made… »
    A flavanone with hydroxyl groups at C-5, C-7, and C-4'. »
    A flavonoid comprised of the flavanone naringenin and the disaccharide rutinose. »
    A fully human monoclonal antibody against RON (recepteur d'origine nantais; macrophage stimulating 1 receptor), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-RON monoclonal antibody IMC-RON8… »
    A drug used to control pain and to cause a temporary loss of feeling in one part of the body, during and… »
    A message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events. »
    An indication that a surgical margin is in close proximity to the excised tumor. »
    By or having to do with the nose. »
    One of two small oblong bones placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face. »
    Your paranasal sinuses are small hollow spaces around the nose. They are lined with cells that make mucus, which keeps your nose… »
    The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the nasal septum lying between the floor of the cranium and… »
    An adenocarcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity. It is classified as intestinal-type or non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis… »
    A clinical finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC… »
    A finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6… »
    A finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7… »
    A finding about one or more characteristics of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6… »
    A carcinoma arising from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. »
    A term that refers to the staging of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer,… »
    A term that refers to the staging of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer,… »
    A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Representative examples include inflammatory disorders, papillomas, and… »
    An aggressive, progressive, and destructive lesion affecting the nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses, and the palate. The vast majority of cases are… »
    A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma… »
    A rare, keratinizing or non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma arising from the mucosal epithelium of the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses. … »
    A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the nasal cavity. »
    A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the nasal cavity. Representative examples include inflammatory disorders, papillomas, and carcinomas. »
    A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity. It results from the invagination and… »
    A primary lymphoma that affects the nasal cavity and the bulk of the tumor is in this anatomic area. »
    A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the nasal cavity. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include Schneiderian papilloma and salivary gland-type… »
    A primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the nasal cavity and the bulk of the tumor is in this anatomic area. The… »
    An olfactory neuroblastoma arising in the nasal cavity. »
    A soft and painless polypoid mass that arises from the mucosa in the nasal cavity. It is usually the result of… »
    A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity mucosa. Signs and symptoms include nasal fullness and obstruction, pain, epistaxis,… »
    The blockage of the nasal passage due to mucosal edema. It is usually the result of a viral infection or an allergic… »
    A cream intended for administration to the mucosa of the nose. »
    A substance intended for administration in the nares. »
    Enlargement of the nostrils during breathing; although there are many possible causes, it can be a sign of respiratory distress in young… »
    A gel intended for administration to the mucosa of the nose. »
    An inhalant intended for administration through the nose. »
    A medication delivered as a mist to be inhaled through the nose as a measured dose »
    An ointment intended for administration to the mucosa of the nose. »
    Administration of a drug by the way of the nose. This often results in systemic action of the agent due to absorption… »
    The thin wall between the two nasal cavities. »
    A solution intended for administration to the mucosa of the nose. »
    A spray intended for administration to the mucosa of the nose. »
    A suspension intended for administration to the mucosa of the nose. »
    One of three (Inferior, Middle, Superior) paired bony shelves located within the nasal cavity through which inhaled air is taken into the… »
    An aggressive, predominantly extranodal, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is characterized by an often angiocentric and angiodestructive cellular infiltrate composed of EBV… »
    A benign exophytic squamous cell neoplasm with papillary growth that arises from the nasal vestibule. »
    The lymphocytic cell population present in the mucosa of the nasopharyngeal duct of some animals. »
    Nascent polypeptide-associated complex subunit alpha (215 aa, ~23 kDa) is encoded by the human NACA gene. This protein plays a role in… »
    A small bore flexible feeding tube with a weighted metal tip that is ideally placed in the second or third part of… »
    Describes the passage from the nose to the stomach. For example, a nasogastric tube is inserted through the nose, down the throat… »
    Use of nasogastric tubes after abdominal operation intended to hasten the return of bowel function, prevent pulmonary complications, diminish the risk of… »
    A procedure involving the insertion of a plastic tube into the stomach through the nose. »
    Administration of a drug through the nose and into the stomach, usually by means of a tube. »
    A tube that is inserted through the nose, down the throat and esophagus, and into the stomach. It can be used to… »
    A tube-like structure that conveys tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity. »
    A drug that is used in a cream to treat certain skin conditions and in a nasal spray to treat sinus problems… »
    A morphologic variant of fibroma arising from the nasopharynx. It is characterized by the presence of numerous dilated vascular channels. »
    An aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasopharynx. It is characterized by the presence of small malignant… »
    Cancer that forms in tissues of the nasopharynx (upper part of the throat behind the nose). Most nasopharyngeal cancers are squamous cell… »
    A clinical finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6 classification system as… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6 classification system as… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system as… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6 classification system as… »
    A pathologic finding about one or more characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6 classification system. … »






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