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Multidrug Resistance Gene
Definition 1
Mammalian P-glycoproteins are encoded by the MDR gene family and belong to the ATP-binding cassette vectorial transport protein class; the CFTR chloride channel is also a family member. The human multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene responds to environmental stress, including various anticancer agents. It is a major determinant in the development of resistance to a large number of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. MDR1 and MDR2 P-glycoproteins are large apical cell membrane proteins overproduced in multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells resistant to diverse hydrophobic drugs. P-glycoproteins act as pumps able to extrude drugs from cells at the cost of ATP hydrolysis. MDR is primarily due to increased drug extrusion from the resistant cell. Defense against xenobiotics may be a natural function of these P-glycoproteins. (NCI Thesaurus)
Definition 2
Genes responsible for multidrug resistance resulting from their overexpression in mammalian cells. Mammalian P-glycoproteins are encoded by small MDR gene families. The human multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene responds to environmental stress including various anticancer agents. It is a major determinant in the development of resistance to a large number of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994;199(3):1428-35; Cancer Res 1994:54(6):1536-41) (NLM, Medical Subject Headings)
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