Propoxyphene

The d-isomer of synthetic diphenyl propionate derivative propoxyphene, with narcotic analgesic effect. This agent mimics the effects of the endogenous opiate dextropropoxyphene, by binding to mu receptors located throughout the central nervous system. The binding results in GTP to GDP exchanges on the mu-G-protein complex, by which effector adenylate cyclase is inactivated thereby decreasing intracellular cAMP. This, in turn, inhibits the release of various nociceptive neurotransmitters, such as substance P, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine, acetylcholine, noradrenaline, vasopressin, and somatostatin. In addition, dextropropoxyphene closes N-type voltage-gated calcium channels and opens calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels. This results in hyperpolarization, thereby reducing neuronal excitability, which further decreases the perception of pain. (NCI Thesaurus)

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Propoxycaine Hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt form of propoxycaine, a para-aminobenzoic acid ester with local anesthetic activity. Propoxycaine binds to and inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels,…

Propoxycaine

A para-aminobenzoic acid ester with local anesthetic activity. Propoxycaine binds to and inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the ionic flux required…

Propositus

The male individual through whom a family with a genetic disorder is ascertained. In females this is called a proposita.

Proposita

The female individual through whom a family with a genetic disorder is ascertained. In males this is called a propositus.

Proposal

A suggestion, intention or plan, especially one put forward formally or officially.

Proportion

A part, fraction, share, or number considered in relation to the whole amount or number.